Gay rights movement | Defn & History | Branni

Contents:

• HOW 2013 BEME THE GREATT YEAR IN GAY RIGHTS HISTORY
• GAY
• WHY MORE ATRALIANS ARE SUPPORTG GAY RIGHTSIT IS LIKELY THE MPAIGN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY HAS NTRIBUTED TO ATRALIANS BEG MORE PROGRSIVE, AS SHOWN THIS YEAR’S HILDA SURVEYBY DR HANNAH MCCANN, UNIVERSY OF MELBOURNESHARE SELECTN TO:THE 2017 HOEHOLD, INE AND LABOUR DYNAMICS ATRALIA (HILDA) SURVEY SHOWS THAT, SCE 2005, ATTUS TOWARD MARRIAGE AND CHILDREN HAVE BEE MORE PROGRSIVE.ONE OF THE BIGGT CHANG NCERNS ATTUS TOWARD THE RIGHTS OF HOMOSEXUAL UPL. A PARISON OF ATTUS 2005 VERS 2015 SHOWS THAT BOTH MEN AND WOMEN ARE NOW MORE LIKELY TO AGREE WH THE STATEMENT: “HOMOSEXUAL UPL SHOULD HAVE THE SAME RIGHTS AS HETEROSEXUAL UPL DO.’’ WH SRG RANGG OM 1 (STRONG DISAGREEMENT) TO 7 (STRONG AGREEMENT), MEN’S ATTUS HAVE SHIFTED OM 3.3 (2005) TO 4.8 (2015), AND WOMEN’S ATTUS OM 4.0 (2005) TO 5.3 (2015). THE RULTS ALSO SHOW WE ARE NOW MORE POSIVE ABOUT UNMARRIED UPL LIVG TOGETHER AND WOMEN RAISG CHILDREN AS SGLE PARENTS.THE 2017 HILDA SURVEY POTS TO A SHIFT TOWARDS MORE PROGRSIVE VALU AMONG ATRALIANS. ANIMATN: LUCY FAHEY / VOICEOVER: CHRIS HATZISBUT WHY HAS A SHIFT TOWARD LS TRADNAL VIEWPOTS OCCURRED WHEN NSERVATIVE AND RIGHT-WG POLIL GROUPS SEEM TO BE GROWG ACROSS THE WORLD? WHILE IS IMPOSSIBLE TO FIVELY EXPLA BROAD ATTUDAL SHIFTS, A FEW FACTORS N HELP MAKE SENSE OF THEM.ALTHOUGH IS UNCLEAR WHETHER PARTICIPANTS TERPRETED THE QUTN AS DIRECTLY RELATED TO GAY MARRIAGE, WE KNOW THAT TERNATNAL MPAIGNS FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY HAVE BROUGHT HOMOSEXUAL RIGHTS TO THE FOREONT OF PUBLIC BATE. ATRALIA'S GENERATNAL WEALTH DIVI IS BGREAD MOREA STAED MPAIGNIN 1976 THE HISTORY OF SEXUALY VOLUME 1, MICHEL FOUULT FAMOLY ARGUED THAT IS THE PROHIBN OF SEXUALY THAT PARADOXILLY CREAS DISCSN OF THE TOPIC. ALTHOUGH MARRIAGE EQUALY HAS NOT E TO PASS ATRALIA, ENDLS DISCSN HAS BEEN GENERATED ON THE SUBJECT, NOT LEAST BEE A STAED MPAIGN AROSE THE WAKE OF THE OVERT BAN ON SAME-SEX MARRIAGE TRODUCED BY FORMER PRIME MISTER JOHN HOWARD.IN RPONSE TO HOWARD’S CHANG TO THE MARRIAGE ACT 2004, WHICH NOW SE MARRIAGE FED AS ‘THE UNN OF A MAN AND A WOMAN TO THE EXCLN OF ALL OTHERS’, THE ATRALIAN MARRIAGE EQUALY MPAIGN GROUP FORMED. SCE THEN THERE HAVE ALSO BEEN HEATED BAT PARLIAMENT AND THE MEDIA, SEVERAL PARLIAMENTARY QUIRI, THOANDS OF PEOPLE PROTTG THE STREETS, ONLE PETNS AND THE FORMATN OF NUMERO LOBBYG AND MPAIGN GROUPS. SCE THE HOWARD GOVERNMENT’S CHANG TO THE MARRIAGE ACT 2004, WHICH FED MARRIAGE AS BETWEEN A MAN AND A WOMAN, THERE HAS BEEN A STAED MPAIGN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY ATRALIA. PICTURE: LEVI SNRS/UNSPLASHIN 2013 THE ATRALIAN CAPAL TERRORY LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY BRIEFLY PASSED A MARRIAGE EQUALY LG THAT SAW 31 UPL MARRY, ONLY TO BE OVERTURNED BY THE FERAL GOVERNMENT WH A WEEK. FOR THE LOVE OF THE PUNTREAD MOREWH MANY UNTRI LEGALISG MARRIAGE EQUALY – CLUDG CANADA (2005), NEW ZEALAND (2013) AND THE UNED STAT (2015) – THE NSENS AMONG MANY SEEMS TO BE THAT, SPE THE GOVERNMENT’S REFAL, MARRIAGE EQUALY ATRALIA IS EVABLE. NOTABLY THERE HAS BEEN SOME BATE WH LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR AND QUEER (LGBTQ) MUNI ABOUT WHETHER MARRIAGE EQUALY OUGHT TO BE CENTRAL TO THEIR ACTIVISM. HOWEVER, EVEN THIS BATE REVEALS THE MPAIGN HAS LED TO GREATER ATTENTN ON THE RIGHTS OF HOMOSEXUAL UPL.GAY UPL ON THE RISETHE NUMBER OF ATRALIANS WHO REPORT INTIFYG AS PART OF A GAY OR LBIAN UPLE IS ALSO CREASG, WHICH MAY OR MAY NOT ALSO BE RELATED TO THE EQUAL MARRIAGE BATE. THE 2016 CENS DATA REVEALED A HUGE 42 PER CENT RISE UPL INTIFYG AS SAME-SEX SCE 2011. GENR THEORIST JUDH BUTLER HAS ARGUED THAT GREATER SOCIAL REGNN OF LGBTQ ISSU OPENS UP CULTURAL SPACE FOR MORE PEOPLE TO OPENLY INTIFY AS LGBTQ. IN TURN, THIS NTRIBUT TO MORE CULTURAL VISIBILY, BE THAT MASTREAM MEDIA OR TERPERSONAL NTEXTS, AND MORE SPACE FOR LGBTQ INTIFITN. MORE ATRALIANS ARE INTIFYG AS LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR OR QUEER. PICTURE: TOM THE PHOTOGRAPHER/UNSPLASHWHILE A POSIVE CHANGE DISURSE AROUND THE RIGHTS OF HOMOSEXUALS DON’T ‘MAKE’ PEOPLE GAY OR LBIAN, DO ALLOW GREATER ROOM FOR PEOPLE TO INTIFY THE WAYS. THIS MAY MEAN THAT, GENERAL, DIVIDUALS ARE NOW MORE LIKELY TO KNOW SOMEONE WHO INTIFI AS GAY OR LBIAN THEIR FAY OR SOCIAL WORK, WHICH ULD BE FLUENCG ATTUS TOWARD THE QUTN OF HOMOSEXUAL RIGHTS. INED GIVEN THE RERCG NATURE OF GREATER LGBTQ REGNN, THIS MAY HELP TO EXPLA THE STEADY UPWARD TREND RULTS OVER TIME. WHY PARLIAMENT SHOULD CI ON SAME SEX MARRIAGEREAD MOREAS GAYLE RUB INTIFIED HER FAMO SAY THKG SEX, FIRST PUBLISHED 1984, ATTUS TOWARD UNMARRIED UPL AND GAY AND LBIAN UPL THE USA ARE AN AREA OF NTTATN. SHE ARGUED THAT RELATNSHIPS AND PARTICULAR SEXUAL ACTS EXIST WH A HIERARCHY – WH SOME ARRANGEMENTS AND ACTS SEEN AS MORE ACCEPTABLE THAN OTHERS. THE CHANGE TOWARD MORE PROGRSIVE ATTUS HIGHLIGHTED BY THE HILDA SURVEY DATA SUGGTS THAT PERHAPS THE MPAIGN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY, AND TURN THE GREATER NUMBERS OF PEOPLE INTIFYG AS PART OF GAY AND LBIAN UPL, MIGHT BE HAVG SOME KD OF IMPACT. HOWEVER, WHAT THE HILDA SURVEY DO NOT REVEAL IS WHETHER ATTUS TOWARD SGLE HOMOSEXUAL PEOPLE, PEOPLE POLYAMORO RELATNSHIPS, OR THOSE WHO INTIFY ELSEWHERE ON THE LGBTQ SPECTM ARE ALSO CHANGG FOR THE BETTER. PERHAPS THE LSON HERE IS THAT IF MPAIGNS FOR SOCIAL CHANGE MAKE A REAL IMPACT ON ATTUS, THEN WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THE MOVEMENTS REGNISE A DIVERSY OF INTI. WHOUT THIS, THE RISK IS THAT NEW HIERARCHI OF ACCEPTABILY WILL FORM THE WAKE OF OTHER SIGNIFINT GAS. BANNER IMAGE: GETTY IMAGFIRST PUBLISHED ON 1 AUGT 2017 INSI BSSAME SEX MARRIAGE GAY RIGHTSLGBTIQA+HILDAHILDA 2017START THE NVERSATN ON FACEBOOKLOADG NVERSATN...SORRY, SOMETHG PREVENTED THE FACEBOOK MENTS FEED OM LOADG. INSI BSFEATUREDDR HANNAH MCCANNSCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND POLIL SCIENC, FACULTY OF ARTS, UNIVERSY OF MELBOURNESHARE: FACEBOOKTWTERLKEDINMEDIA AND REPUBLITNTERMS OF ECLOSEREPUBLISH THIS ARTICLE WE BELIEVE THE EE FLOW OF RMATN. THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNR A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTN-NO DERIVATIV 3.0 ATRALIA (CC BY-ND 3.0 AU), SO YOU N REPUBLISH OUR ARTICL FOR EE, ONLE OR PRT.ALL REPUBLISHED ARTICL MT BE ATTRIBUTED THE FOLLOWG WAY AND NTA LKS TO BOTH THE SE AND ORIGAL ARTICLE: “THIS ARTICLE WAS FIRST PUBLISHED ON PURSU. READ THE ORIGAL ARTICLE.”WHY MORE ATRALIANS ARE SUPPORTG GAY RIGHTS
• GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT
• GAY RIGHTS
• ANTI-GAY RIGHTS TO STAY

HOW 2013 BEME THE GREATT YEAR IN GAY RIGHTS HISTORY

Uganda's parliament unexpectedly passed s long-pendg "Kill the Gays" bill (though penalti were revised down to life prison the fal versn), while Nigeria — the world's seventh largt untry — is on the verge of enactg the world's broast laws targetg LGBT rights.

As the suatn has terrated for gays and lbians si the untry — wh vigilante vlence jt as big a fear as the state's crackdown on their polil rights — some of Rsia's alli have exported s approach to cultural battle wh the Wt. In this vio om 1977, a gay rights activist speaks about the legislatns that were passed South Atralia and the Atralian Capal Terrory that repealed some of the discrimatory laws that were place until if you n fd out when the amendments were passed and when other Atralian stat and terrori followed of broadst: 1977CopyrightMetadata © Atralian Broadstg Corporatn and Edutn Servic Atralia Ltd 2012 (except where otherwise dited).

GAY

Obama has been the "gays' LBJ, " says Jonathan Rch, a rint scholar at the Brookgs Instutn, parg the current print to Lyndon Johnson, who signed to law the Civil Rights and Votg Rights Acts of the 1960s. This year's Supreme Court cisns on gay marriage might well have turned out differently if the ernment still had an active tert argug for discrimatn, says Aaron Belk, director of the Palm Center at San Francis State Universy, which studi transgenr ary service.

"Our journey is not plete until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else unr the law, " he said, "for if we are tly created equal, then surely the love we m to one another mt be equal as well. By The Numbers4% of Atralians scribed themselv as beg gay, lbian or bisexual78% of Atralians agree trans people serve the same rights and protectns as other Atralians66% of Atralians agree that young people should be able to accs healthre that supports them to live as their te selv.

WHY MORE ATRALIANS ARE SUPPORTG GAY RIGHTSIT IS LIKELY THE MPAIGN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY HAS NTRIBUTED TO ATRALIANS BEG MORE PROGRSIVE, AS SHOWN THIS YEAR’S HILDA SURVEYBY DR HANNAH MCCANN, UNIVERSY OF MELBOURNESHARE SELECTN TO:THE 2017 HOEHOLD, INE AND LABOUR DYNAMICS ATRALIA (HILDA) SURVEY SHOWS THAT, SCE 2005, ATTUS TOWARD MARRIAGE AND CHILDREN HAVE BEE MORE PROGRSIVE.ONE OF THE BIGGT CHANG NCERNS ATTUS TOWARD THE RIGHTS OF HOMOSEXUAL UPL. A PARISON OF ATTUS 2005 VERS 2015 SHOWS THAT BOTH MEN AND WOMEN ARE NOW MORE LIKELY TO AGREE WH THE STATEMENT: “HOMOSEXUAL UPL SHOULD HAVE THE SAME RIGHTS AS HETEROSEXUAL UPL DO.’’ WH SRG RANGG OM 1 (STRONG DISAGREEMENT) TO 7 (STRONG AGREEMENT), MEN’S ATTUS HAVE SHIFTED OM 3.3 (2005) TO 4.8 (2015), AND WOMEN’S ATTUS OM 4.0 (2005) TO 5.3 (2015). THE RULTS ALSO SHOW WE ARE NOW MORE POSIVE ABOUT UNMARRIED UPL LIVG TOGETHER AND WOMEN RAISG CHILDREN AS SGLE PARENTS.THE 2017 HILDA SURVEY POTS TO A SHIFT TOWARDS MORE PROGRSIVE VALU AMONG ATRALIANS. ANIMATN: LUCY FAHEY / VOICEOVER: CHRIS HATZISBUT WHY HAS A SHIFT TOWARD LS TRADNAL VIEWPOTS OCCURRED WHEN NSERVATIVE AND RIGHT-WG POLIL GROUPS SEEM TO BE GROWG ACROSS THE WORLD? WHILE IS IMPOSSIBLE TO FIVELY EXPLA BROAD ATTUDAL SHIFTS, A FEW FACTORS N HELP MAKE SENSE OF THEM.ALTHOUGH IS UNCLEAR WHETHER PARTICIPANTS TERPRETED THE QUTN AS DIRECTLY RELATED TO GAY MARRIAGE, WE KNOW THAT TERNATNAL MPAIGNS FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY HAVE BROUGHT HOMOSEXUAL RIGHTS TO THE FOREONT OF PUBLIC BATE. ATRALIA'S GENERATNAL WEALTH DIVI IS BGREAD MOREA STAED MPAIGNIN 1976 THE HISTORY OF SEXUALY VOLUME 1, MICHEL FOUULT FAMOLY ARGUED THAT IS THE PROHIBN OF SEXUALY THAT PARADOXILLY CREAS DISCSN OF THE TOPIC. ALTHOUGH MARRIAGE EQUALY HAS NOT E TO PASS ATRALIA, ENDLS DISCSN HAS BEEN GENERATED ON THE SUBJECT, NOT LEAST BEE A STAED MPAIGN AROSE THE WAKE OF THE OVERT BAN ON SAME-SEX MARRIAGE TRODUCED BY FORMER PRIME MISTER JOHN HOWARD.IN RPONSE TO HOWARD’S CHANG TO THE MARRIAGE ACT 2004, WHICH NOW SE MARRIAGE FED AS ‘THE UNN OF A MAN AND A WOMAN TO THE EXCLN OF ALL OTHERS’, THE ATRALIAN MARRIAGE EQUALY MPAIGN GROUP FORMED. SCE THEN THERE HAVE ALSO BEEN HEATED BAT PARLIAMENT AND THE MEDIA, SEVERAL PARLIAMENTARY QUIRI, THOANDS OF PEOPLE PROTTG THE STREETS, ONLE PETNS AND THE FORMATN OF NUMERO LOBBYG AND MPAIGN GROUPS. SCE THE HOWARD GOVERNMENT’S CHANG TO THE MARRIAGE ACT 2004, WHICH FED MARRIAGE AS BETWEEN A MAN AND A WOMAN, THERE HAS BEEN A STAED MPAIGN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY ATRALIA. PICTURE: LEVI SNRS/UNSPLASHIN 2013 THE ATRALIAN CAPAL TERRORY LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY BRIEFLY PASSED A MARRIAGE EQUALY LG THAT SAW 31 UPL MARRY, ONLY TO BE OVERTURNED BY THE FERAL GOVERNMENT WH A WEEK. FOR THE LOVE OF THE PUNTREAD MOREWH MANY UNTRI LEGALISG MARRIAGE EQUALY – CLUDG CANADA (2005), NEW ZEALAND (2013) AND THE UNED STAT (2015) – THE NSENS AMONG MANY SEEMS TO BE THAT, SPE THE GOVERNMENT’S REFAL, MARRIAGE EQUALY ATRALIA IS EVABLE. NOTABLY THERE HAS BEEN SOME BATE WH LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR AND QUEER (LGBTQ) MUNI ABOUT WHETHER MARRIAGE EQUALY OUGHT TO BE CENTRAL TO THEIR ACTIVISM. HOWEVER, EVEN THIS BATE REVEALS THE MPAIGN HAS LED TO GREATER ATTENTN ON THE RIGHTS OF HOMOSEXUAL UPL.GAY UPL ON THE RISETHE NUMBER OF ATRALIANS WHO REPORT INTIFYG AS PART OF A GAY OR LBIAN UPLE IS ALSO CREASG, WHICH MAY OR MAY NOT ALSO BE RELATED TO THE EQUAL MARRIAGE BATE. THE 2016 CENS DATA REVEALED A HUGE 42 PER CENT RISE UPL INTIFYG AS SAME-SEX SCE 2011. GENR THEORIST JUDH BUTLER HAS ARGUED THAT GREATER SOCIAL REGNN OF LGBTQ ISSU OPENS UP CULTURAL SPACE FOR MORE PEOPLE TO OPENLY INTIFY AS LGBTQ. IN TURN, THIS NTRIBUT TO MORE CULTURAL VISIBILY, BE THAT MASTREAM MEDIA OR TERPERSONAL NTEXTS, AND MORE SPACE FOR LGBTQ INTIFITN. MORE ATRALIANS ARE INTIFYG AS LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR OR QUEER. PICTURE: TOM THE PHOTOGRAPHER/UNSPLASHWHILE A POSIVE CHANGE DISURSE AROUND THE RIGHTS OF HOMOSEXUALS DON’T ‘MAKE’ PEOPLE GAY OR LBIAN, DO ALLOW GREATER ROOM FOR PEOPLE TO INTIFY THE WAYS. THIS MAY MEAN THAT, GENERAL, DIVIDUALS ARE NOW MORE LIKELY TO KNOW SOMEONE WHO INTIFI AS GAY OR LBIAN THEIR FAY OR SOCIAL WORK, WHICH ULD BE FLUENCG ATTUS TOWARD THE QUTN OF HOMOSEXUAL RIGHTS. INED GIVEN THE RERCG NATURE OF GREATER LGBTQ REGNN, THIS MAY HELP TO EXPLA THE STEADY UPWARD TREND RULTS OVER TIME. WHY PARLIAMENT SHOULD CI ON SAME SEX MARRIAGEREAD MOREAS GAYLE RUB INTIFIED HER FAMO SAY THKG SEX, FIRST PUBLISHED 1984, ATTUS TOWARD UNMARRIED UPL AND GAY AND LBIAN UPL THE USA ARE AN AREA OF NTTATN. SHE ARGUED THAT RELATNSHIPS AND PARTICULAR SEXUAL ACTS EXIST WH A HIERARCHY – WH SOME ARRANGEMENTS AND ACTS SEEN AS MORE ACCEPTABLE THAN OTHERS. THE CHANGE TOWARD MORE PROGRSIVE ATTUS HIGHLIGHTED BY THE HILDA SURVEY DATA SUGGTS THAT PERHAPS THE MPAIGN FOR MARRIAGE EQUALY, AND TURN THE GREATER NUMBERS OF PEOPLE INTIFYG AS PART OF GAY AND LBIAN UPL, MIGHT BE HAVG SOME KD OF IMPACT. HOWEVER, WHAT THE HILDA SURVEY DO NOT REVEAL IS WHETHER ATTUS TOWARD SGLE HOMOSEXUAL PEOPLE, PEOPLE POLYAMORO RELATNSHIPS, OR THOSE WHO INTIFY ELSEWHERE ON THE LGBTQ SPECTM ARE ALSO CHANGG FOR THE BETTER. PERHAPS THE LSON HERE IS THAT IF MPAIGNS FOR SOCIAL CHANGE MAKE A REAL IMPACT ON ATTUS, THEN WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THE MOVEMENTS REGNISE A DIVERSY OF INTI. WHOUT THIS, THE RISK IS THAT NEW HIERARCHI OF ACCEPTABILY WILL FORM THE WAKE OF OTHER SIGNIFINT GAS. BANNER IMAGE: GETTY IMAGFIRST PUBLISHED ON 1 AUGT 2017 INSI BSSAME SEX MARRIAGE GAY RIGHTSLGBTIQA+HILDAHILDA 2017START THE NVERSATN ON FACEBOOKLOADG NVERSATN...SORRY, SOMETHG PREVENTED THE FACEBOOK MENTS FEED OM LOADG. INSI BSFEATUREDDR HANNAH MCCANNSCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND POLIL SCIENC, FACULTY OF ARTS, UNIVERSY OF MELBOURNESHARE: FACEBOOKTWTERLKEDINMEDIA AND REPUBLITNTERMS OF ECLOSEREPUBLISH THIS ARTICLE WE BELIEVE THE EE FLOW OF RMATN. THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNR A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTN-NO DERIVATIV 3.0 ATRALIA (CC BY-ND 3.0 AU), SO YOU N REPUBLISH OUR ARTICL FOR EE, ONLE OR PRT.ALL REPUBLISHED ARTICL MT BE ATTRIBUTED THE FOLLOWG WAY AND NTA LKS TO BOTH THE SE AND ORIGAL ARTICLE: “THIS ARTICLE WAS FIRST PUBLISHED ON PURSU. READ THE ORIGAL ARTICLE.”WHY MORE ATRALIANS ARE SUPPORTG GAY RIGHTS

Current statSce May 1, 1997Legal In 1997 the High Court of Atralia led that Tasmania's anti-gay laws were nsistent wh feral law, and Tasmania (the fal jurisdictn wh ntrary laws) was forced to crimalise by RegnHomosexual activy was ferally crimalized by the Human Rights (Sexual Conduct) Act 1994, although some lol state laws remaed nsent until marriage Atralia? Image source, Getty ImagImage ptn, Crics say the bill will further entrench discrimatory hirg practicAtralia has troduced a new ntroversial bill aimed at protectg relig people om "ncel culture" other thgs, would allow Catholic schools the right to fire teachers or expel gay stunts the name of "relig ethos" Mister Stt Morrison said the Relig Discrimatn Bill, if passed, would ensure protectn for relig people and anisatns, like church, to exprs beliefs. Equaly Atralia, a gay rights advocy group told the ABC earlier this week: "When… a nurse says to a patient wh HIV that their HIV is a punishment by God, for example…[that] uld nstute a statement of belief, would be protected unr the law unr this bill.

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

The topic of relig discrimatn has been at the centre of several public bat recent years, particularly the wake of Atralia passg same-sex marriage legislatn triggered a ernment quiry - led by nservativ - to whether relig groups felt their right to exprsn was beg like gby player Israel Fol beg sacked om the natnal Wallabi si for sayg on his Instagram that "hell awas" gay people have also spurred the Atralian ernment was cricised earlier this year for awardg an Orr of Atralia honour to tennis player Margaret Court, who has publicly exprsed anti-gay state premiers at the time said Canberra should not have award her the Mr Morrison, a Pentestal Christian, has creasgly rid ncerns about discrimatn as "ncel culture". E., for lbians, gays [homosexual mal], bisexuals, transgenr persons, and queer persons); seeks to elimate sodomy laws; and lls for an end to discrimatn agast LGBTQ persons employment, cred, hog, public acmodatns, and other areas of life. ) Gay rights prr to the 20th century Relig admonns agast sexual relatns between dividuals of the same sex (particularly men) long stigmatized such behavur, but most legal s Europe were silent on the subject of homosexualy and bisexualy.

Dpe Paragraph 175 and the failure of the WhK to w s repeal, homosexual and bisexual men and women experienced a certa amount of eedom Germany, particularly durg the Weimar perd, between the end of World War I and the Nazi seizure of power. In the Uned Stat this greater visibily brought some backlash, particularly om the ernment and the police: the ernment often fired gay civil servants, the ary attempted to purge s ranks of gay soldiers (a policy enacted durg World War II), and police vice squads equently raid gay bars and arrted their patrons.

In the Uned Stat the first major male anizatn, found 1950–51 by Harry Hay Los Angel, was the Mattache Society (s name reputedly rived om a medieval French society of masked players, the Société Mattache, to reprent the public “maskg” of homosexualy), while the Dghters of Bilis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons Bilis), found 1955 by Phyllis Lyon and Del Mart San Francis, was a leadg group for women. In Bra 1957 a missn chaired by Sir John Wolfenn issued a groundbreakg report (see Wolfenn Report) remendg that private homosexual liaisons between nsentg adults be removed om the doma of crimal law; a later the remendatn was implemented by Parliament the Sexual Offenc Act. In the 1970s and ’80s, gay polil anizatns proliferated, particularly the Uned Stat and Europe, and spread to other parts of the globe, though their relative size, strength, and succs—and toleratn by thori—varied signifintly.

GAY RIGHTS

Now headquartered Geneva and renamed the Internatnal Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Associatn (ILGA World), plays a signifint role ordatg ternatnal efforts to promote human rights and fight discrimatn agast LGBTQ and tersex persons. This support, along wh mpaigns by gay activists urgg gay men and women to “e out of the closet” (ed, the late 1980s, Natnal Comg Out Day was tablished, and is now celebrated on October 11 most untri), enuraged gay men and women to enter the polil arena as ndidat.

ANTI-GAY RIGHTS TO STAY

At the lol and natnal levels, the number of openly gay policians creased dramatilly durg the 1990s and 2000s, and 2009 Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir beme prime mister of Iceland, which ma her the world’s first openly gay head of ernment. In Ai, Asia, and Lat Ameri, openly gay policians have had only limed succs wng office; notable electns to natnal legislatur clud Patria Jiménez Flor Mexi (1997), Mike Waters South Ai (1999), and Clodovil Hernans Brazil (2006).

Other issu of primary importance for the gay rights movement sce the 1970s clud batg the HIV/AIDS epimic and promotg disease preventn and fundg for rearch; lobbyg ernment for nondiscrimatory polici employment, hog, and other aspects of civil society; endg the ban on ary service for gay and lbian dividuals; expandg hate crim legislatn to clu protectns for gays, cludg transgenr dividuals; and securg marriage rights for same-sex upl (see same-sex marriage).