1920s Gay Culture: Movement & Summary | StudySmarter

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* GAY ACTORS 1920S

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aria-hidn="te" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><em>Downton Abbey</em>'s Thomas Barrow and the Future of the Gay Past<span aria-hidn="te" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></h1><style data-emotn="css 107ey2i">{lor:#030929;font-fay:NewParis,NewParis-fallback,Geia,Tim,serif;font-weight:normal;marg-bottom:0.625rem;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{font-size:1.375rem;le-height:1.2;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:1.25rem;le-height:1.2;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:1.3125rem;le-height:1.2;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:1.75rem;le-height:1.2;}} a{-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-thickns:0.0625rem;text-ratn-lor:her;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;lor:her;-webk-transn:all 0.3s ease--out;transn:all 0.3s ease--out;} a:hover{lor:#9a0500;text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;}</style><div class="css-107ey2i exadjwu8"><p>The <em>Downton</em> movie explor Tom's sexualy, but what was life really like for queer men 1920s Bra?</p></div><style data-emotn="css 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strong{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-weight:bold;}</style><p data-no-id="0" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0"><em>In the latt addn to the </em>Downton Abbey<em> anchise (</em><style data-emotn="css geg5">{-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-thickns:0.0625rem;text-ratn-lor:her;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;lor:#9a0500;-webk-transn:all 0.3s ease--out;transn:all 0.3s ease--out;}{lor:#595959;text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;}</style><a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Downton Abbey: A New Era" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Downton Abbey: A New Era</a><em>) one thg remas nstant: change. As half the fay har off to the French Riviera to unravel a myster herance, Lady Mary (Michelle Dockery) stays behd to shepherd the productn of a silent film at Downton. Thomas Barrow (Rob Jam-Collier)—former footman, would-be blackmailer, and early morn homosexual everyman—is now head butler on staff, givg him ample opportuny to teract wh the visg stars, and particular, wh the bonair Guy Dexter (Domic Wt). While Lady Mary unexpectedly tak on a role the film, Thomas fds himself offered a new role all his own, when Guy pursu him to leave Downton and bee his manservant. But is there more to his offer? And even if there is, will Thomas be willg to give up everythg he’s achieved at Downton for ? </em></p><p data-no-id="1" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0"><em>In the origal televisn seri, Barrow’s character seemed preternaturally morn and self-knowg, nyg viewers the excg chance to see how our ias about queer inty veloped and spread the early 20^thCentury. As everyone else be, Barrow merely is. (For a further examatn of Barrow’s historil accuracy, read the article below.) The new film n’t erase this history, but do offer a glimmer of an alternative, by showg how celebry culture brought queer ias to even the most tradnal tat England. </em></p><p data-no-id="2" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0"><em>Datg back at least to the 19</em><em>^th</em><em> century, queer performers were tegral to the spread of sexual rmatn several ways. Some took queer or genr-bendg rol, cludg such early silent films as </em>The Amazons<em> (1917) or </em>What Is the World Comg To?<em> (1926). Others lived public “bachelor” or “spster” liv, travelg om one metropolan center to another, nnectg queer muni and spreadg their ias. And regardls of their own te inti, nearly every celebry was the ocsn for a btlg gossip and newspaper dtry, whose timatns of sexual viance were equal parts tillatg and rmative to rears who might otherwise never had accs to the bedrooms of Hollywood and London.</em></p><p data-no-id="3" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0"><em>Although the queer storyle </em>A New Era<em> is small, is one of the most historilly illumatg that the anchise has produced to date.</em></p><style data-emotn="css 18pb4rg">{borr:0;borr-bottom:th solid black;marg:1.875rem 0;clear:both;}</style><hr data-no-id="4" class="css-18pb4rg et3p2gv0" /><style data-emotn="css o9c7xd">{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-size:1.1875rem;le-height:1.6;}{float:left;text-transform:upperse;font-weight:bold;marg-right:0.9375rem;marg-bottom:-0.625rem;marg-top:0;}{lor:#030929;font-fay:NewParis,NewParis-fallback,Geia,Tim,serif;font-size:3.8431rem;font-weight:normal;le-height:1;}@-moz-document url-prefix(){{marg-top:0.625rem;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:3.75rem;le-height:1.15;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:3.75rem;le-height:1.15;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:6.25rem;le-height:1;}} em{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-style:alic;} strong{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-weight:bold;}</style><p data-no-id="5" class="body-dropp css-o9c7xd et3p2gv0">Fifty-seven mut to <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="the first episo of " class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">the first episo of </a><em><a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Downton Abbey" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Downton Abbey</a></em>, the fastid, sharp-featured footman Thomas Barrow mak his move, nontg his erstwhile summer lover—the impoverished (but entled) De of Crowborough—wh epistolary evince of their affair. Barrow has all the iled menace of a speful child, a weak sort of strength that only kicks when you’re down. </p><div supprsHydratnWarng data-no-id="6" data-embed="pullquote" class="embed css-0 e9hzx6g0"><style data-emotn="css 1eiql25">{text-align:center;marg:0rem;paddg-top:0.9375rem;paddg-bottom:0.9375rem;}</style><blockquote class="css-1eiql25 e1pe3zr91"><style data-emotn="css 118z4a">{background-lor:#9a0500;lor:#fff;ntent:'';display:block;height:0.125rem;marg:0 to 1.875rem;width:60%;}</style><span aria-hidn="te" class="css-118z4a eagam8p0"></span><style data-emotn="css q6i00s">{lor:#030929;font-fay:NewParis,NewParis-fallback,Geia,Tim,serif;font-size:1.625rem;le-height:1.2;marg:0rem;}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:2.25rem;le-height:1.1;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:2.625rem;le-height:1.1;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:2.8125rem;le-height:1.1;}} b, strong{font-fay:her;font-weight:bold;} em, i{font-fay:her;font-style:alic;}</style><blockquote class="css-q6i00s e1pe3zr90">Is Thomas an accurate unveilg of historil homosexualy, hidn but fully formed, jt wag for to notice his existence?</blockquote><style data-emotn="css 1fv5ixs">{background-lor:#9a0500;lor:#fff;ntent:'';display:block;height:0.125rem;marg:1.875rem to 0;width:60%;}</style><span aria-hidn="te" class="css-1fv5ixs eagam8p1"></span></blockquote></div><p data-no-id="7" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">The De, on the other hand, is louche and unctuo, the human personifitn of privilege loungg a fabulo drsg gown. Their short <em>tete-a-tete</em> is a gem of a scene, their body language forestg the evable: the attempted blackmail fails, and three mut later, Barrow watch his letters burn, takg wh them his imaged future as the De’s valet and lover. </p><p data-no-id="8" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">It’s a bold move—for Barrow, sure, but more so for <em>Downton Abbey</em>. Wh one short scene, creator Julian Fellow ma a claratn: the love that dare not speak s name would be given voice here. Goodbye to veiled timatns and Signifint Looks; goodbye to fty, dty “nfirmed bachelors” and “spster” nts; goodbye to the historil closet and your mother’s <em>Masterpiece Theatre</em>. </p><p data-no-id="9" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Hello to the future of the gay past.</p><style data-emotn="css 1736von">{--data-embed-display:flex;-webk-align-ems:center;-webk-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-ems:center;clear:both;display:-webk-box;display:-webk-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;marg-bottom:0.9375rem;marg-left:to;marg-right:to;width:100%;}@media(m-width: 20rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 30rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 40.625rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 73.75rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 75rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}}@media(m-width: 90rem){{width:100%;marg:0 to 0.9375rem;}} a span{right:1rem;} img{width:to;height:85vh;} a{display:-webk-le-box;display:-webk-le-flex;display:-ms-le-flexbox;display:le-flex;posn:var(--posn, relative);} img:not(.ewcw41w1){display:block;width:100%;height:to;-webk-align-self:flex-start;-ms-flex-em-align:flex-start;align-self:flex-start;}</style><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="10" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><style data-emotn="css uwraif">{width:100%;display:-webk-le-box;display:-webk-le-flex;display:-ms-le-flexbox;display:le-flex;-webk-flex-directn:lumn;-ms-flex-directn:lumn;flex-directn:lumn;marg-left:to;marg-right:to;-webk-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webk-jtify-ntent:center;jtify-ntent:center;}</style><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Su, Formal wear, Event, Tuxedo, " tle="Su, Formal wear, Event, Tuxedo, " loadg="lazy" width="3000" height="2000" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><style data-emotn="css swqnqv">@media(m-width: 20rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 30rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 40.625rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 73.75rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 75rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}@media(m-width: 90rem){{paddg-left:0rem;}}</style><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><style data-emotn="css qtcc4k">{lor:#030929;font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;m-width:100%;paddg-top:0.625rem;width:0;}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:0.8125rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.875rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:1rem;le-height:1.6;}} em, i{font-fay:her;font-style:alic;} i, em{font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;}</style><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">(Left) Thomas Barrow the Downton Abbey televisn show.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Nick Briggs</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="11" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">“I thk what we've done wh Thomas the story is tried to reflect how sry was,” says Alastair Bce, who worked as the historil advisor to the show, and is reprisg that role <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="wh the new Downton movie" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">wh the new <em>Downton</em> movie</a>, theaters September 20. In the film, dienc will see Barrow the ntext of a wir gay world for the first time: visg a secret gay bar, dodgg police harassment, and possibly even fdg love. </p><p data-no-id="12" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">It’s an excg tale set an excg perd. The post-Edwardian moment—<em>Downton Abbey </em>opens 1912, wh news of the skg of the Tanic; the movie tak the story all the way up to 1927—was an era of tremendo upheaval Wtern culture. World War I was still “the war to end all wars,” the Roarg Twenti were ratchetg up to the Great Deprsn, and the last vtig of Victorianism were beg thrown out the Overton wdow. A rejectn of the past was so fundamental to this perd that we still refer to the artistic flourishg of this moment as “Mornism,” spe now beg 100 years ago. </p><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="13" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Downton Abbey" tle="Downton Abbey" loadg="lazy" width="3500" height="2333" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">"I thk one of the thgs that Downton Abbey don’t get right is that actually a great al more of those young men who were service were homosexual."—alastair bce, the show's historil advisor.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Jaap Buendijk</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="14" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Wendy Moffat, thor of the wily celebrated bgraphy <em><a href=" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="A Great Unrerd History: A New Life of E. M. Forster" data-vars-ga-product-id="8752360d-3a52-43f3-a534-3fe87ee8ff3a" data-href=" data-product-url=" data-affiliate="te" data-affiliate-url=" data-affiliate-work="{"id":"143b311b-9d5f-4937-a414-329e5c368343","se_id":"115eff3b-95a0-4668-832c-9d02ea92500d","metadata":{},"work":{"id":"469ce69f-4798-416d-9432-eaa9954b4053","name":"Amazon","metadata":{}}}" data-vars-ga-media-role data-vars-ga-media-type data-vars-ga-product-brand data-vars-ga-product-price="$21.52" data-vars-ga-product-retailer-id="b1386759-6136-4961-aaab-77f5f4d5cb4a" data-vars-ga-product-sem3-brand data-vars-ga-product-sem3-tegory="Authors" data-vars-ga-gallery-id data-vars-ga-lk-treatment="sale | (not set)" class="body-lk product-lks css-geg5 ebsw2pb0">A Great Unrerd History: A New Life of E. M. Forster</a></em>, characteriz this perd as one of “public disptn of what seemed like stable patterns” life. The tricky work of navigatg those chang is the dramatic enge that powers <em>Downton Abbey</em>. We are watchg morn life emerge all s msy glory, like a ltle alien head punchg through a rseted cht. Ias about sex and sexualy are as much a part of this vlent flowerg as are atonal mic or flapper drs. <em>Downton</em>’s protagonists were born unr one regime of thought, and we enjoy watchg them all stggle to enact s succsor.<br /></p><p data-no-id="15" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">All of them, that is, except for Thomas Barrow. Barrow is stantly regnizable as a morn gay man, even if he never que those words. From isolatn to nversn therapy, his stggl are our stggl, jt perd drag. </p><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="16" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Clapham And Dwyer" tle="Clapham And Dwyer" loadg="lazy" width="2914" height="2185" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">A pair of well-drsed actors, cir 1920.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">B. H. Gooch</span><style data-emotn="css 117g3a1">{lor:#595959;font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;paddg:0 0.3rem;text-transform:upperse;}@media(m-width: 40.625rem){{paddg-right:0.3125rem;}}</style><span class="css-117g3a1 e6iqd0">//</span><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd1">Getty Imag</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="17" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">On the one hand, this feels like an elaboratn of that famo gay liberatn slogan “we <em>are </em>everywhere,” expandg to be “we <em>were </em>everywhere” also. On the other hand, seems to remove sexualy om the doma of history entirely, suggtg that the experience of beg gay has always been the same, no matter the place or perd. This helps to expla why, after such a strong start, Barrow’s story le <em>Downton Abbey</em> largely fizzl out: he has nowhere to velop. While everyone else the show <em>be</em>, Barrow already <em>is</em>.</p><p data-no-id="18" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">The qutn for queer <em>Downton Abbey</em> fans, then, is this: Is Thomas an accurate unveilg of historil homosexualy, hidn but fully formed, jt wag for to notice his existence? Or is he a backward projectn of our current ia of what means to be gay, an anachronism disguised as a revelatn?</p><style data-emotn="css 108o02t">{--data-embed-display:flex;-webk-align-ems:center;-webk-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-ems:center;display:-webk-box;display:-webk-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;marg-bottom:0.9375rem;}@media(m-width: 20rem){{clear:both;marg-left:to;marg-right:to;width:100%;}}@media(m-width: 30rem){{clear:both;marg-left:to;marg-right:to;width:100%;}}@media(m-width: 40.625rem){{width:50%;marg-right:1rem;marg-left:0rem;float:left;clear:left;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{width:50%;marg-right:1rem;marg-left:0rem;float:left;clear:left;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{width:50%;marg-right:1rem;marg-left:0rem;float:left;clear:left;}}@media(m-width: 73.75rem){{width:45%;marg-right:1rem;marg-left:lc(-30% - 1rem);float:left;clear:left;}}@media(m-width: 75rem){{width:45%;marg-right:1rem;marg-left:lc(-30% - 1rem);float:left;clear:left;}}@media(m-width: 90rem){{width:45%;marg-right:1rem;marg-left:lc(-30% - 1rem);float:left;clear:left;}} a span{right:1rem;} img{width:to;height:85vh;} a{display:-webk-le-box;display:-webk-le-flex;display:-ms-le-flexbox;display:le-flex;posn:var(--posn, relative);} img:not(.ewcw41w1){display:block;width:100%;height:to;-webk-align-self:flex-start;-ms-flex-em-align:flex-start;align-self:flex-start;}</style><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="19" class="align-left size-medium embed css-108o02t e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><a href=" target="_blank"><img alt="Landmark, Text, Font, Archecture, Le, Dign, Poster, Buildg, Advertisg, History, " tle="Landmark, Text, Font, Archecture, Le, Dign, Poster, Buildg, Advertisg, History, " loadg="lazy" width="1000" height="1022" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /></a><style data-emotn="css 78jldq">{paddg-left:0rem;}</style><div class="css-78jldq e1xqj1sx2"></div></div></div><p data-no-id="20" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">The most obv pot of reference for Barrow’s character n be found E. M Forster’s <em>Mrice. </em>Forster, born on New Year’s Day, 1879, documented the emergence of morn England through the foibl and failur of those that lived (like Forster himself) on the outskirts of the upper-class.<br /></p><p data-no-id="21" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0"><em>Mrice</em>, his most tobgraphil book, was wrten 1914. It follows s tular protagonist, Mrice Hall—“a medcre member of a medcre school”—as he disvers his sir for other men. After an abortive and agonizg affair wh a fellow stunt om his own upper-class i, Hall meets Alec Scudr on a vis to his ex’s tate. The affair between Scudr and Hall rac forward, movg quickly through break-up and blackmail before liverg the happy endg that was Forster’s <em>raison d’etre</em> for wrg the book the first place. Like Thomas Barrow, Alec Scudr seems preternaturally <em>gay</em>, fully aware of his sexual sir, that they are exclively for men, and that they mark him, irrevobly, as a different sort of person. </p><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="22" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Mrice Hugh Grant" tle="Mrice Hugh Grant" loadg="lazy" width="1024" height="693" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">Jam Wilby as Mrice Hall and Hugh Grant as Clive Durham Merchant Ivory’s 1987 film versn of mrice.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Courty of Merchant Ivory</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="23" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">On the surface, this feels like ntrovertible proof of <em>Downton’</em>s historil accuracy. But when Forster wrote <em>Mrice</em>, he’d never had a relatnship wh another man, and he wouldn’t until midway through World War I, when he was 38 years old. “He imaged the thgs well before he experienced them,” agreed Moffatt, Forster’s bgrapher. Yet the book is often ed as perd rearch. </p><p data-no-id="24" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">“It’s much easier jt to look at some medil texts and maybe some lerary on, rather than do the difficult task of workg out what people <em>really</em> thought,” said Profsor Alison Oram, who led the iative <a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Pri of Place: England’s LGBTQ Herage" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Pri of Place: England’s LGBTQ Herage</a>, which documented queer historil spac for the Brish ernment. </p><p data-no-id="25" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">In particular, lerary rearch n substute the experienc of the upper class for those of all people. In the post-Edwardian perd, upper class men were more likely to already unrstand the world terms of heterosexuals and homosexuals, wh a bright and absolute le dividg the two. But for workg class men like Thomas Barrow, same-sex sire didn’t necsarily preclu havg an otherwise “normal” existence, often cludg relatnships wh women. </p><style data-emotn="css 1mtk2uq">{--data-embed-display:flex;-webk-align-ems:center;-webk-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-ems:center;display:-webk-box;display:-webk-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;marg-bottom:0.9375rem;}@media(m-width: 20rem){{clear:both;marg-left:to;marg-right:to;width:100%;}}@media(m-width: 30rem){{clear:both;marg-left:to;marg-right:to;width:100%;}}@media(m-width: 40.625rem){{width:70%;marg-left:1rem;marg-right:0rem;float:right;clear:right;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{width:70%;marg-left:1rem;marg-right:0rem;float:right;clear:right;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{width:60%;marg-left:1rem;marg-right:0rem;float:right;clear:right;}}@media(m-width: 73.75rem){{width:60%;marg-left:1rem;marg-right:lc(-30% - 1rem);float:right;clear:right;}}@media(m-width: 75rem){{width:60%;marg-left:1rem;marg-right:lc(-30% - 1rem);float:right;clear:right;}}@media(m-width: 90rem){{width:60%;marg-left:1rem;marg-right:lc(-30% - 1rem);float:right;clear:right;}} a span{right:1rem;} img{width:to;height:85vh;} a{display:-webk-le-box;display:-webk-le-flex;display:-ms-le-flexbox;display:le-flex;posn:var(--posn, relative);} img:not(.ewcw41w1){display:block;width:100%;height:to;-webk-align-self:flex-start;-ms-flex-em-align:flex-start;align-self:flex-start;}</style><div size="large" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="26" class="align-right size-large embed css-1mtk2uq e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="E.M. Forster" tle="E.M. Forster" loadg="lazy" width="2596" height="3617" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-78jldq e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">E.M. FORSTER IN AN UNDATED PHOTO. BORN IN 1879, THE NOVELIST AND CRITIC WROTE <em>HOWARDS END</em> (1910), <em>A ROOM WITH A VIEW</em> (1908), AND <em>A PASSAGE TO INDIA</em> (1924).</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Hulton Dtsch</span><span class="css-117g3a1 e6iqd0">//</span><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd1">Getty Imag</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="27" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">When Forster himself did, fally, embark upon a sexual relatnship, was wh an Egyptian man named Mohammed el-Adl. Like Alec Scudr and Thomas Barrow, el-Adl was young and workg class. But whereas Scudr and Barrow seemed to thk of themselv as gay, el-Adl experienced his sire for men differently. He was worried about beg ught, but didn’t have the kd of existential, what-do-this-mean-about-my-inty crisis that we the Wt associate wh same-sex behavr. Soon after he and Forster met, el-Adl married a woman (for whom he had romantic feelgs), but didn’t curtail his relatnship wh Forster. </p><p data-no-id="28" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Forster was keen to get al-Adl to unrstand sexualy, and sexual orientatn, the same way that he did: An unnsc extensn of the broar lonial project of rhapg the world the image of (aristocratic) England. Over time, <a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Brish ctoms would obscure and eventually replace the thoand years of Middle Eastern history celebratg (some kds) of sex between men" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Brish ctoms would obscure and eventually replace the thoand years of Middle Eastern history celebratg (some kds) of sex between men</a>, another example of “morny” beg born this perd. </p><p data-no-id="29" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">But while El-Adl’s sir might have seemed strange to Forster, they would have been fairly regnizable to another group: workg class Brs. In the post-Edwardian perd, “there uld be greater acmodatn of same-sex sir and same-sex acts workg class muni,” says <a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Profsor Jt Bengry" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Profsor Jt Bengry</a>, a cultural historian of queer sexualy England. </p><p data-no-id="30" class="body-dropp css-o9c7xd et3p2gv0">The Labouchere amendment of 1885 ma “gross cency”—a.k.a. sex between men—a crime, and was ed to prosecute Osr Wil. It was a forenner to the kds of police reprsn that Barrow enunters <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="the new Downton movie" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">the new <em>Downton</em> movie</a>. But popular unrstandg, beg a “crimal pervert” wasn’t necsarily about the sex you were havg. It was about how well you lived up to the expectatns of your genr, if you wanted a married life, and if you were otherwise rpectable.</p><p data-no-id="31" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">The most highly visible queer people this perd would have been those who openly fied genr norms. Even when me to the prosecutn of Wil, much was ma about his athetic and dandified existence, which mocked tradnal manhood.<br /></p><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="32" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Shaken Not Stirred" tle="Shaken Not Stirred" loadg="lazy" width="3575" height="2852" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">A group of men socializg at the bar of the Savoy Hotel November 1927.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Fox Photos</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="33" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">But for mascule, workg class men, wantg sex wh men “didn’t <em>necsarily</em> qutn their sense of themselv as virile or ‘normal,’” said Dr. Bengry. Acrdg to historian <a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Matt Houlbrook’s " class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Matt Houlbrook’s </a><a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Queer London" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0"><em>Queer London</em></a>, this is the “central difference between the sexual landspe of terwar London and the prent day.” </p><p data-no-id="34" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">To a 21^st century ear, this might sound surprisg. But we have to remember the ntext which the men were raised. The Victorian world was cleft twa, wh men on one si, and women on the other. The divi between them was imaged as vast and almost surmountable. Outsi of their immediate fai, men were expected to spend most of their time wh other men; women, wh other women. <a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="Romantic and tense same-sex iendships were rigur" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">Romantic and tense same-sex iendships were rigur</a>. Heterosexual marriage obvly had sexual dimensns, but was also a eply practil stutn, the ma un of enomic productn the untry, and the only surance agast the vagari of old age. </p><p data-no-id="35" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">As Victorian ials reced om domance—as cross-genr iendships beme more mon, as marriage beme more pannate, as urbanism and greater social mobily created enomic possibili outsi the fay—the men and women who still had tense iendships and bloodls marriag began to seem strange. Increasgly, sexologists, policians, and wrers began to promulgate the ia that the behavrs were signifiers of homosexualy, to be surveilled and curtailed. </p><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="36" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Lerary Garn Party" tle="Lerary Garn Party" loadg="lazy" width="2593" height="1971" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">A lerary garn party of Irish and English men cir 1924. Compton Mackenzie, pictured send om the left the ont row, wrote several works about gay men.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Bettmann</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="37" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">A workg class man like Thomas Barrow, livg the untrysi, was unlikely to have accs to this kd of rmatn about gay inty. Moreover, his relative manls meant he probably would never have thought to go lookg for . Acrdg to <em>Queer London</em>, men like Thomas “neher unrstood themselv, nor were labeled by others, through their choice of sexual partner.”</p><p data-no-id="38" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Later life, <a href=" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="after he embarked on a long relatnship wh a happily married London policeman" class="body-lk css-geg5 et3p2gv0">after he embarked on a long relatnship wh a happily married London policeman</a><u>, </u>even Forster realized that his portrayal of workg class sexualy was a b off. At first, he tried to change Bob Buckgham (as he had Mohamed el-Adl), wrg a letter “he mt be ma to see that there n’t be a <em>ménage a trois</em>.” But as the years ntued, and Forster entered to a rg détente wh his boyiend’s wife, he me to realize that was his fictn that might need to change, tellg Christopher Isherwood, “I have sometime thought of Alec [Scudr] marryg.” </p><p data-no-id="39" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Forster never did ed <em>Mrice</em>, however, and his hard-won knowledge of the plexi of the human heart (amongst other ans) died wh him. As s passed, the neat fictn of bary sexualy beme broadly acknowledged “tth,” leavg ls and ls space for middle-dwellg, workg-class men like Buckgham and el-Adl.</p><p data-no-id="40" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">From an earlier and earlier age, people would be tght— streets as much as schools—that homosexuals existed, that they were unlike other men, and that any apparent “middle ground” was actually a slippery slope head straight to hell. </p><div size="medium" data-embed="body-image" data-no-id="41" class="align-center size-medium embed css-1736von e1xqj1sx4"><div class="css-uwraif e1xqj1sx3"><img alt="Social group, Event, Relig stute, Uniform, Formal wear, " tle="Social group, Event, Relig stute, Uniform, Formal wear, " loadg="lazy" width="3574" height="2126" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="css-0 exi4f7p0" /><div class="css-swqnqv e1xqj1sx2"><div class="css-qtcc4k e1xqj1sx1">Thomas Barrow (Fourth om the right) the Downton Abbey televisn show.</div><figptn class="css-1am3yn9 enfs9c50"><span class="css-16u9763 e6iqd2">Collectn Christophel / Alamy Stock Photo</span></figptn></div></div></div><p data-no-id="42" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">All of which brgs back to Thomas Barrow and the new <em>Downton Abbey</em> movie. Barrow might have been an implsible outlier at the begng of the show 1912, but by the 1950s, workg class men who intified as homosexual were throngg the streets of London. We may never get to see that learng procs happen for Barrow (unls there’s a <em>Downton Abbey </em>sequel planned; fgers crossed), but at long last, the new film, we’ll get to see a world which <em>uld</em>.</p><hr data-no-id="43" class="css-18pb4rg et3p2gv0" /><style data-emotn="css 2ok9l4">{marg-top:1.875rem;borr-top:th solid #595959;}</style><div data-jam-id="thor-b" class="css-2ok9l4 e13rjwo40"><style data-emotn="css v3rrb4">{display:grid;grid-template-lumns:to 1;grid-lumn-gap:0.625rem;paddg-top:1.25rem;paddg-bottom:1.25rem;clear:both;borr-lor:#030929;}</style><div class="css-v3rrb4 e19xk9rq8"><style data-emotn="css irehmq">{borr-radi:50%;height:60px;width:60px;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{width:40px;height:40px;}}</style><span class="css-irehmq e19xk9rq1"><style data-emotn="css o0wq4v">{width:100%;height:100%;borr-radi:50%;vertil-align:middle;object-f:ver;}</style><img src="" alt="Headshot of Hugh Ryan" tle="Headshot of Hugh Ryan" width="100%" height="100%" dg="async" loadg="lazy" class="css-o0wq4v e19xk9rq3" /></span><div><style data-emotn="css 3sqxrq">{display:-webk-box;display:-webk-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;grid-gap:4px;-webk-align-ems:basele;-webk-box-align:basele;-ms-flex-align:basele;align-ems:basele;-webk-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webk-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}</style><div class="css-3sqxrq e19xk9rq7"><span class="css-0 e19xk9rq5"><style data-emotn="css o0sclf">{lor:#030929;font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-lor:her;text-ratn-thickns:0.0625rem;text-transform:upperse;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;-webk-transn:all 0.3s ease--out;transn:all 0.3s ease--out;}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.4;}}{lor:#9a0500;text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;}</style><style data-emotn="css 1y1lloh">{lor:#030929;font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;text-transform:upperse;lor:#030929;font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-lor:her;text-ratn-thickns:0.0625rem;text-transform:upperse;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;-webk-transn:all 0.3s ease--out;transn:all 0.3s ease--out;}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.4;}}{lor:#9a0500;text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;}</style><a href="/thor/223695/hugh-ryan/" class="e1c1bym13 css-1y1lloh e1c1bym14"><span>Hugh Ryan</span></a></span></div><style data-emotn="css n62u3j">{display:-webk-box;font-fay:Terma,Terma-fallback,Helveti,Arial,sans-serif;overflow:hidn;paddg-top:0.3125rem;-webk-box-orient:vertil;-webk-le-clamp:5;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{-webk-le-clamp:10;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.4;}}>*{display:le;} p{marg:0rem;} p a{-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-thickns:0.0625rem;text-ratn-lor:her;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;} p a:hover{text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;}</style><div class="css-n62u3j e19xk9rq4"><p>A wrer, queer historian, and speaker New York Cy, Ryan is the thor of <a href="><em>When Brooklyn Was Queer</em></a>.</p></div></div></div></div><style data-emotn="css ciejky">{clear:both;marg-top:1.25rem;}</style><div id="journey-le" class="css-ciejky e1cslvxz0"></div></div></div><div></div><div data-teractive="WatchNext-1" class="css-0 e10xr3vp6"><style data-emotn="css 1pqv15d">{marg-bottom:1.875rem;marg-top:1.875rem;paddg:0 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