A brief history of lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr social movements

Contents:

• PRIMARY SOURCE SET: GAY MEN THE ARY
• HISTORY OF GAYS THE MILARY--PICTURES
• UPDATED: HISTORY OF U.S. POLICY AND LAW ON GAYS THE MILARY
• GAY & LESBIAN VAISHNAVA ASSOCIATION
• BRIEF HISTORY OF GAYS THE MILARY
• A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
• GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
• GAY RIGHTS

PRIMARY SOURCE SET: GAY MEN THE ARY

The addrs about ne months after the "don't ask, don't tell" policy, banng gay active-duty members om servg openly, was story began December 2010, when Congrs officially repealed the policy, but remaed place until Sept. More than 200 active duty troops and war veterans wavg small Amerin flags alongsi rabow banners marched San Diego's gay pri para what is believed to be the first time an intifiable group of active duty troops has participated such an event the U.

Ary passed a historic tone Tuday wh the repeal of the ban on gays servg openly uniform, endg a prohibn that Print Barack Obama said had forced gay and lbian service members to "lie about who they are. The photo, ma some five months after the repeal of the ary's "don't ask don't tell" policy prohibg gay servicemen om openly acknowledgg their sexualy, is among the first showg a gay active duty serviceman uniform kissg his partner at a homeg. (AP Photo/David Lewis) (Natnal Journal) Norwich Universy's Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr, Qutng, and Alli Club display is seen the library for guts and stunts to learn more about their issu and programs at the Norwich Universy Northfield, Vt.

HISTORY OF GAYS THE MILARY--PICTURES

Barely six months after the expiratn of the ary's "don't ask, don't tell" policy prohibg gay service members om servg openly, the natn's olst private ary amy is holdg s first gay pri week. The OutServe Learship Summ is signed to highlight the diversy of gays the ary and the challeng they face, and marks the largt gatherg of gay troops one lotn sce the ban was lifted last month. Today, gay and transgenr ary service members enjoy far more rights than they did even five years ago—but the fight ntu to crease visibily and acceptance for this group the armed forc.

1988: The rults of a jot report nducted by the DoD and the Defense Personnel Secury Rearch Edutn Center rerce the fdgs of a 1957 report claimg that gay and lbian dividuals enlisted the armed forc pose no signifint risk to secury (which had prevly been the ratnale for barrg gay dividuals om enlistg the ary). 1993: Print Bill Clton signs the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy, barrg openly gay and lbian Amerin cizens om ary service—while prohibg harassment of all “closeted” ary service members. 1907 – Hirschfeld, a Jewish German physician and sexologist, ttified at a trial Germany about a gay relatnship and stated, “homosexualy was part of the plan of nature and creatn jt like normal love.

” Some of the lbian, gay or bisexual people of this movement clud wrers and poets such as Langston Hugh, Countee Cullen and Zora Neale Hurston; Profsor Ala Locke; mic cric and photographer Carl Van Vechten, and entertaers Ma Raey, Bsie Smh, Ethel Waters and Gladys Bentley.

UPDATED: HISTORY OF U.S. POLICY AND LAW ON GAYS THE MILARY

Gay and lbian people joed as well – men the ary livg same-sex dorms, and women as part of the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES) and factori on the home ont found themselv same-sex surroundgs as well.

1945 – German Homosexual men, signated by a pk triangle on their clothg, were the last group to be released om the Nazi ncentratn mps after liberatn by the Allied forc bee Paragraph 175 of the German Crimal Co stated that homosexual relatns between mal to be illegal. 1948 – Aled Ksey, an Amerin blogist and sexologist at Indiana Universy issu the first report, Sexual Behavr of the Human Male, was published and discsed male homosexualy (Also known as the Ksey report).

Congrs issu the report entled “Employment of Homosexuals and Other Sex Perverts Government” is distributed to members of Congrs after the feral ernment had vertly vtigated employe’ sexual orientatn. In rponse to an unprovoked police raid on an early Saturday morng, over 400 people, cludg gay, lbian, bisexual, transgenr and straight people protted their treatment and phed the police away om the area.

GAY & LESBIAN VAISHNAVA ASSOCIATION

The APA found that “the latt and bt scientific evince shows that sexual orientatn and exprsns of genr inty occur naturally…and that short, there is no scientific evince that sexual orientatn, be heterosexual, homosexual or otherwise, is a eewill choice. 1977 – Ana Bryant, former Amerin sger and Miss Ameri Pageant wner formed a group lled “Save Our Children” to prott agast a Da County, Florida ordance preventg discrimatn agast homosexuals. 1997 – Ellen DeGener, a edian, TV actor and televisn host was one of the first popular entertaers who publicly me out as a lbian durg an terview on the Oprah Wey show and then beme the first openly gay character on the TV show, “Ellen.

BRIEF HISTORY OF GAYS THE MILARY

This was one of the most notor anti-gay hate crim Ameri and rulted a feral law passed 10 years later 2009 lled the “Hate Crim Preventn Act”, a feral law agast bias crim directed at lbian, gay, bisexual or transgenr people.

Texas (Supreme Court Decisn)Ruled by a vote of 6-3 that a Kansas law crimalizg gay or lbian sex was unnstutnal clarg the importance of nstutnal liberty and privacy nsistent wh the due procs clse of the Fourteenth Amendment. Chris Vogel and Rich North, a gay uple om Wnipeg, Canada, shock the world by beg the first homosexual uple to publicly marry a church and file a legal challenge to the untry’s ban on same-sex marriage. " Though a June 2009 Gallup poll showed that 69% of Amerins support allowg gays and lbians to serve the ary, repealg "Don't ask, don't tell" will take more than a claratn — will take an act of Congrs.

Where homosexual activy or viance om tablished genr rol/drs was banned by law or tradnal ctom, such nmnatn might be munited through sensatnal public trials, exile, medil warngs, and language om the pulp. However, throughout 150 years of homosexual social movements (roughly om the 1870s to today), lears and anizers stggled to addrs the very different ncerns and inty issu of gay men, women intifyg as lbians, and others intifyg as genr variant or nonbary. Whe, male, and Wtern activists whose groups and theori gaed leverage agast homophobia did not necsarily reprent the range of racial, class, and natnal inti plitg a broar LGBT agenda.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

Such eyewns acunts the era before other media were of urse riddled wh the bias of the (often) Wtern or Whe observer, and add to beliefs that homosexual practic were other, foreign, savage, a medil issue, or evince of a lower racial hierarchy. The European powers enforced their own crimal s agast what was lled sodomy the New World: the first known se of homosexual activy receivg a ath sentence North Ameri occurred 1566, when the Spanish executed a Frenchman Florida.

GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME

Biblil terpretatn ma illegal for a woman to wear pants or a man to adopt female drs, and sensatnalized public trials warned agast “viants” but also ma such martyrs and hero popular: Joan of Arc is one example, and the chillg origs of the word “faggot” clu a stick of wood ed public burngs of gay men. ” In Wtern history, we fd ltle formal study of what was later lled homosexualy before the 19th century, beyond medil texts intifyg women wh large cloris as “tribas” and severe punishment s for male homosexual acts. Their wrgs were sympathetic to the ncept of a homosexual or bisexual orientatn occurrg naturally an intifiable segment of humankd, but the wrgs of Krafft-Ebg and Ellis also labeled a “third sex” generate and abnormal.

GAY RIGHTS

” German rearcher Magn Hirschfeld went on to gather a broar range of rmatn by foundg Berl’s Instute for Sexual Science, Europe’s bt library archive of materials on gay cultural history. His efforts, and Germany’s more liberal laws and thrivg gay bar scene between the two World Wars, ntrasted wh the backlash, England, agast gay and lbian wrers such as Osr Wil and Radclyffe Hall. The blu mic of Ain-Amerin women showsed varieti of lbian sire, stggle, and humor; the performanc, along wh male and female drag stars, troduced a gay unrworld to straight patrons durg Prohibn’s fiance of race and sex s speakeasy clubs.

This creasg awarens of an existg and vulnerable populatn, upled wh Senator Joseph McCarthy’s vtigatn of homosexuals holdg ernment jobs durg the early 1950s outraged wrers and feral employe whose own liv were shown to be send-class unr the law, cludg Frank Kameny, Barbara Gtgs, Allen Gsberg, and Harry Hay.

Awarens of a burgeong civil rights movement (Mart Luther Kg’s key anizer Bayard Rt was a gay man) led to the first Amerin-based polil mands for fair treatment of gays and lbians mental health, public policy, and employment. Studi such as Aled Ksey’s 1947 Ksey Report suggted a far greater range of homosexual inti and behavrs than prevly unrstood, wh Ksey creatg a “sle” or spectm rangg om plete heterosexual to plete homosexual.