Ernst Röhm, The Hight-Rankg Gay Nazi - JSTOR Daily

Contents:

• GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT
• SEND HUNTER BIN IRS WHISTLEBLOWER INTIFIED AS GAY DEMOCRAT
• THE UNSUNG HISTORY OF CIRCU PARTI, WHERE GAY MEN SEEK SEX AND FREEDOM
• GAY PARTI & EVENTS
• THEATER REVIEW; A GAY PARTY AND NO SAD UNRTON
• ERNST RöHM, THE HIGHT-RANKG GAY NAZI

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Gay rights movement, also lled gay liberatn movement, civil rights movement that advot equal rights for LGBTQ persons (i.

E., for lbians, gays [homosexual mal], bisexuals, transgenr persons, and queer persons); seeks to elimate sodomy laws; and lls for an end to discrimatn agast LGBTQ persons employment, cred, hog, public acmodatns, and other areas of life. (Although the term gay is monly ed reference to homosexual mal, is also ed more generally to refer to homosexual mal together wh some or all other orientatns wh the LGBTQ muny. ) Gay rights prr to the 20th century Relig admonns agast sexual relatns between dividuals of the same sex (particularly men) long stigmatized such behavur, but most legal s Europe were silent on the subject of homosexualy and bisexualy.

The begng of the gay rights movement Before the end of the 19th century there were srcely any “movements” for gay rights.

SEND HUNTER BIN IRS WHISTLEBLOWER INTIFIED AS GAY DEMOCRAT

Ined, his poem “Two Lov” (1894), Lord Aled (“Bosie”) Douglas, Osr Wil’s lover, clared “I [homosexualy] am the love that dare not speak s name. ” Homosexual and bisexual men and women were given voice 1897 wh the foundg of the Scientific-Humanarian Commtee (Wissenschaftlich-humanär Komee; WhK) Berl.

Dpe Paragraph 175 and the failure of the WhK to w s repeal, homosexual and bisexual men and women experienced a certa amount of eedom Germany, particularly durg the Weimar perd, between the end of World War I and the Nazi seizure of power. In many larger German ci, gay nightlife beme tolerated, and the number of gay publitns creased.

Ined, acrdg to some historians, the number of gay bars and perdils Berl the 1920s exceed that New York Cy six s later. Dpe the formatn of such groups, polil activy by homosexuals and bisexuals was generally not very visible. Ined, gays were often harassed by the police wherever they ngregated.

THE UNSUNG HISTORY OF CIRCU PARTI, WHERE GAY MEN SEEK SEX AND FREEDOM

The war brought many young people to ci and brought visibily to the gay muny. In the Uned Stat this greater visibily brought some backlash, particularly om the ernment and the police: the ernment often fired gay civil servants, the ary attempted to purge s ranks of gay soldiers (a policy enacted durg World War II), and police vice squads equently raid gay bars and arrted their patrons. However, there was also greater polil activy among gays, aimed large measure at crimalizg sodomy.

The gay rights movement sce the mid-20th century Begng the mid-20th century, an creasg number of gay anizatns were formed. In the Uned Stat the first major male anizatn, found 1950–51 by Harry Hay Los Angel, was the Mattache Society (s name reputedly rived om a medieval French society of masked players, the Société Mattache, to reprent the public “maskg” of homosexualy), while the Dghters of Bilis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons Bilis), found 1955 by Phyllis Lyon and Del Mart San Francis, was a leadg group for women. In addn, the Uned Stat saw the publitn of a natnal gay perdil, One, which 1958 won a U.

In Bra 1957 a missn chaired by Sir John Wolfenn issued a groundbreakg report (see Wolfenn Report) remendg that private homosexual liaisons between nsentg adults be removed om the doma of crimal law; a later the remendatn was implemented by Parliament the Sexual Offenc Act. The gay rights movement was begng to w victori for legal reform, particularly wtern Europe, but perhaps the sgle fg event of gay activism occurred the Uned Stat.

GAY PARTI & EVENTS

In the early morng hours of June 28, 1969, the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar New York Cy’s Greenwich Village, was raid by the police. “Stonewall” me to be memorated annually June wh Gay Pri celebratns, not only U.

THEATER REVIEW; A GAY PARTY AND NO SAD UNRTON

Ci but also several other untri (Gay Pri is also held at other tim of the year some untri). In the 1970s and ’80s, gay polil anizatns proliferated, particularly the Uned Stat and Europe, and spread to other parts of the globe, though their relative size, strength, and succs—and toleratn by thori—varied signifintly. Groups such as the Human Rights Campaign, the Natnal Gay and Lbian Task Force, and ACT UP (AIDS Coaln to Unleash Power) the Uned Stat and Stonewall and Outrage!

In addn, the transnatnal Internatnal Lbian and Gay Associatn was found Coventry, England, 1978. Now headquartered Geneva and renamed the Internatnal Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Associatn (ILGA World), plays a signifint role ordatg ternatnal efforts to promote human rights and fight discrimatn agast LGBTQ and tersex persons. In the Uned Stat, gay activists won support om the Democratic Party 1980, when the party add to s platform nondiscrimatn clse a plank cludg sexual orientatn.

This support, along wh mpaigns by gay activists urgg gay men and women to “e out of the closet” (ed, the late 1980s, Natnal Comg Out Day was tablished, and is now celebrated on October 11 most untri), enuraged gay men and women to enter the polil arena as ndidat.

ERNST RöHM, THE HIGHT-RANKG GAY NAZI

The first openly gay ernment officials the Uned Stat were Jerry DeGrieck and Nancy Wechsler Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 1974 Wechsler was replaced on the uncil by Kathy Kozachenko, who, havg n openly as a lbian, th beme the first openly gay person to w office after g out. In 1977 gay rights activist Harvey Milk was elected to the San Francis Board of Supervisors; he was assassated the followg year.