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Gay rights movement, civil rights movement that advot equal rights for LGBTQ persons—that is, for lbians, gays, bisexuals, transgenr persons, and queer persons—and lls for an end to discrimatn agast LGBTQ persons employment, cred, hog, public acmodatns, and other areas of life.

Contents:

GAY MARRIAGE

The road to full marriage equaly for same-sex upl the Uned Stat was paved wh setbacks and victori. The landmark 2015 Supreme Court se Obergefell v. Hodg ma gay marriage legal throughout the untry. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

Early Years: Same-Sex Marriage Bans In 1970, jt one year after the historic Stonewall Rts that galvanized the gay rights movement, law stunt Richard Baker and librarian Jam McConnell applied for a marriage license Gerald Nelson rejected their applitn bee they were a same-sex uple, and a trial urt upheld his cisn. ” This lg effectively blocked feral urts om lg on same-sex marriage for s, leavg the cisn solely the hands of stat, which alt blow after blow to those hopg to see gay marriage beg 1973, for stance, Maryland beme the first state to create a law that explicly f marriage as a unn between a man and woman, a belief held by many nservative relig groups. In 1989, the San Francis Board of Supervisors passed an ordance that allowed homosexual upl and unmarried heterosexual upl to register for domtic partnerships, which granted hospal visatn rights and other years later, the District of Columbia siarly passed a new law that allowed same-sex upl to register as domtic partners.

C., 1993, the hight urt Hawaii led that a ban on same-sex marriage may vlate that state nstutn’s Equal Protectn Clse—the first time a state urt has ever ched toward makg gay marriage Hawaii Supreme Court sent the se—brought by a gay male uple and two lbian upl who were nied marriage licens 1990—back for further review to the lower First Circu Court, which 1991 origally dismissed the the state tried to prove that there was “pellg state tert” jtifyg the ban, the se would be tied up ligatn for the next three Defense of Marriage Act Opponents of gay marriage, however, did not s on their hnch.

That is, even if a state ma gay marriage legal, same-sex upl still wouldn’t be able to file e tax jotly, sponsor spo for immigratn benefs or receive spoal Social Secury payments, among many other act was a huge setback for the marriage equaly movement, but transient good news arose three months later: Hawaii Judge Kev S. Phg for Change: Civil Unns The next saw a whirlwd of activy on the gay marriage ont, begng wh the year 2000 when Vermont beme the first state to legalize civil unns, a legal stat that provis most of the state-level benefs of years later, Massachetts beme the first state to legalize gay marriage when the Massachetts Supreme Court led that same-sex upl had the right to marry Goodridge v. For the first time the untry’s history, voters (rather than judg or legislators) Mae, Maryland, and Washgton approved Constutnal amendments permtg same-sex marriage marriage also beme a feral issue 2010, Massachetts, the first state to legalize gay marriage, found Sectn 3 of DOMA—the part of the 1996 law that fed marriage as a unn between one man and one woman—to be unnstutnal.

SHOULD GAY MARRIAGE BE LEGAL?

Proponents ntend that gay marriage bans are discrimatory and unnstutnal, opponents ague that marriage is primarily for procreatn. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

Wdsor, nservative Jtice Anthony Kennedy sid wh Jtic Ruth Bar Gsburg, Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan favor of same-sex marriage rights, ultimately makg gay marriage legal across the natn June this time, was still outlawed only 13 stat, and more than 20 other untri had already legalized gay marriage, startg wh the Netherlands December 2000. On July 25, 2014 Miami-Da County Circu Court Judge Sarah Zabel led Florida’s gay marriage ban unnstutnal and stated that the ban “serv only to hurt, to discrimate, to prive same-sex upl and their fai of equal digny, to label and treat them as send-class cizens, and to em them unworthy of participatn one of the fundamental stutns of our society. 2016 printial ndidate and former Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fra stated that civil unns are aquate as an equivalent to marriage: “Benefs are beg btowed to gay upl [ civil unns]… I believe we need to rpect those who believe that the word marriage has a spirual foundatn… Why n’t we rpect and tolerate that while at the same time sayg ernment nnot btow benefs unequally.

Court papers filed July 2014 by attorneys fendg Arizona’s gay marriage ban stated that “the State regulat marriage for the primary purpose of channelg potentially procreative sexual relatnships to endurg unns for the sake of jog children to both their mother and their father… Same-sex upl n never provi a child wh both her blogil mother and her blogil father. Queer activist Anrs Zanichkowsky stated June 2013 that the then mpaign for gay marriage “tentnally and malicly eras and exclus so many queer people and cultur, particularly trans and genr non-nformg people, poor queer people, and queer people non-tradnal fai… marriage thks non-married people are viant and not tly servg of civil rights.

IS GAY MARRIAGE A MORAL ISSUE OR A CIVIL LIBERTI ISSUE? - PT. 1

Same-sex marriage is a civil rights issue for many gay Amerins, but many Ain Amerins disagree. Rep. Byron Rhg (D-Mass.), a straight, black polician, hop to change that. Thomas Allen Harris explor Rhg's work on behalf of gay marriage a documentary short, Marriage Equaly. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

And that, you know, and he - bee he saw the nnectn between that and the civil rights movement, and, you know, and when I first met Byron, I had been relatnship for over 12 years wh my partner, and I didn't thk that marriage was an important part or somethg that I should stggle for or advote for, wh regards to where the gays and lbians -where gay and lbian folks should put their energi and efforts. S., many supporters of same sex unns believe that the most accurate way to discs support for same sex unns the Uned Stat is on a state-by-state or regn-to-regn Keller, a natnally regnized pastor New York Cy explaed that "you n believe homosexualy is a s and still believe that same-sex marriage should be legal.

We still held our beliefs about what the Bible says about beg gay, but we uld have a healthy discsn about and love them as people ma the image of God servg the ncln of our time the profsor that morated our discsn turned to the gay activists and said, "Gentlemen, I have jt gone through the entire nference and never heard one negative ment about gays. Scholars and the general public beme creasgly terted the issue durg the late 20th century, a perd when attus toward homosexualy and laws regulatg homosexual behavur were liberalized, particularly wtern Europe and the Uned issue of same-sex marriage equently sparked emotnal and polil clash between supporters and opponents.

In other s, the cultural homogeney supported by the domant relign did not rult the applitn of doctre to the civic realm but may nohels have fostered a smoother seri of discsns among the cizenry: Belgium and Spa had legalized same-sex marriage, for stance, spe official opposn om their predomant relig stutn, the Roman Catholic Church. Most of the world religns have at some pots their histori opposed same-sex marriage for one or more of the followg stated reasons: homosexual acts vlate natural law or dive tentns and are therefore immoral; passag sacred texts nmn homosexual acts; and relig tradn regniz only the marriage of one man and one woman as valid. ” In short, this particular victory for gay rights was based not on the fundamental equaly or digny of gay and transgenr Amerins, as prev Supreme Court cisns have been; was based on the meang of a sgle opn also hts at a potentially ser obstacle on the horizon: claims by employers that beg prohibed om discrimatg agast gay and transgenr workers vlat their relig nvictns.

IS GAY MARRIAGE A CIVIL RIGHT?

The Hoe of Reprentativ on Tuday passed a bill to dify the right to gay marriage the wake of the Supreme Court's reversal of Roe v. Wa * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

Such claims are likely to fd a sympathetic ear among this Supreme Court’s nservative majory, which has repeatedly voted to protect if not promote relign and relig now, however, Monday’s cisn is a victory to savor, the next major step a le of gay rights cisns stretchg back nearly a quarter century, and until now wrten solely by Jtice Anthony Kennedy. Dozens of other activists received ath threats om an obscure anti-gay group that claimed rponsibily for the killg of Grigoryeva, who was stabbed repeatedly and showed signs of 2017, reports of extrajudicial arrts, torture and killgs of gay men the republic of Chechnya drew ternatnal year, Andrei Vaganov and Yevgeny Yerofeyev, a uple raisg two adopted children, had to flee Rsia after a doctor reported them to police and thori opened a crimal se. They clud Judh Kasen-Wdsor, widow of gay rights activist Edie Wdsor; Matthew Hayn, -owner of Club Q, the LGBTQ club Colorado Sprgs where a gunman last month killed five people a mass shootg; Club Q shootg survivors Jam Slgh and Michael Anrson; and a number of platiffs om s that culmated the landmark civil rights se Obergefell vs.

The wispread misnceptn today of gay people as mostly smug, well-off wh wh fat bank acunts and fortable (and, we’re told, chosen) liftyl, however, do not negate the unniable history of often btal treatment of gays and lbians and their lack of basic human rights the ey of ernment for most of this natn’s history. And jt yterday, a vio of Alveda Kg, the nservative activist niece of Mart Luther Kg Jr., surfaced of her speakg at the Natnal Organizatn for Marriage rally Atlanta this weekend, which she had not only equated gay marriage to a genoci but also stated that “marriage between one man and one woman remas the guard agast human extctn. And while I am vehemently opposed to the likeng of gay rights to the civil rights movement as I believe there has never been an effort to create a subordate class subject to exploatn based on sexual orientatn, I certaly would not ny any person, regardls of sexual orientatn, the human digny and the right to live as they are.

Durg our nversatn, which has been eded for length and clary, we discsed what ma the stggle for gay marriage distct om other civil-rights movements, how Tmp’s electn shifted the foc of social nservatism away om sexual polics, and what this fight n tell about future civil-rights is the stggle for gay marriage Ameri different om other stggl for civil rights Amerin history?

TEXAS JUDGE WHO DON’T WANT TO PERFORM GAY MARRIAGE CEREMONI HOP WEB SIGNER’S SUPREME COURT SE HELPS HER FIGHT

McLennan County Jtice of the Peace Dianne Hensley filed a lawsu after a state agency warned her about refg to marry gay upl. She hop a recent U.S. Supreme Court se about relig eedom helps her e. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

And so the procs of g out, which is the unrlyg social enge of a lot of the opn change that leads to polil and legal victori, is somethg that’s available to members of the gay and lbian muny that is not available to Ain-Amerins or to women, their I still n’t ci whether this is a profound observatn or a banal one, but most gay people are born to straight people—which means that they are, one prum, evenly distributed across the populatn, which is to say that they’re not geographilly ncentrated, that the likelihood of anybody the untry g to know somebody as a neighbor or a fay member or a classmate who’s gay or lbian is probably more or ls equally distributed. So, the mid-neteen-neti, anti-gay activists on the maland who rpond to this urt cisn Hawaii end up unifyg a gay-rights movement that had been unvted marriage as a e and actured iologilly over as a strategic proposn—over the tra-offs, terms of cremental gas that would have to be put asi the qut for marriage rights. "Rabbis belongg to the biggt and most liberal branch of Judaism the Uned Stat have voted to regnise the partnerships of gay and lbian Central Conference of Amerin Rabbis, which is part of the Jewish Reform movement, has agreed to sanctn relig ceremoni for same-sex Print of the Conference, Rabbi Charl Kroloff, said that gay and lbian people served the regnn and rpect due to people created the image of God.

Proposn 8 was the most expensive proposn on any ballot the natn this year, wh more than $74 ln spent by both measure's most fervent proponents believed that nothg ls than the future of tradnal fai was at stake, while opponents believed that they were fightg for the fundamental right of gay people to be treated equally unr the years ago, Californians voted 61% to fe marriage as beg only between a man and a California Supreme Court overturned that measure, Proposn 22, s May 15 cisn legalizg same-sex marriage on the grounds that the state Constutn required equal treatment of gay and lbian upl. Cuomo signed the measure after passed a Republin-ntrolled Senate on Friday night [June 24, 2011], raisg qutns as to whether the move reflects new momentum the gay rights said the law will grant same-sex upl equal rights to marry 'as well as hundreds of rights, benefs and protectns that are currently limed to married upl of the oppose sex.

GAY RIGHTS ARE CIVIL RIGHTS

Refg marriage as a civil right strips of s fg feature as a reproductive unn. This problem is seldom explicly acknowledged. Yet, is exprsed directly the semantics of the gay marriage bate. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

"Voters Mae and Maryland approved same-sex marriage on a day of electn rults that jubilant gay rights advot lled a historic turng pot, the first time that marriage for gay men and lbians has been approved at the ballot Mnota, another first, voters rejected a proposal to amend the State Constutn to fe marriage as between a man and a woman, a measure that has been enshred the nstutns of 30 stat. "The Supreme Court has dismissed an appeal over same-sex marriage on jurisdictnal grounds, lg Wednday private parti do not have 'standg' to fend California's voter-approved ballot measure barrg gay and lbian upl om state-sanctned lg clears the way for same-sex marriag California to 5-4 cisn avoids, for now, a sweepg ncln on whether same-sex marriage is a nstutnal 'equal protectn' right that would apply to all issue was whether the Constutn's guarantee of equal protectn unr the law prevents stat om fg marriage to exclu same-sex upl, and whether a state n revoke same-sex marriage through referendum, as California did, once already has been a majory of the Supreme Court opted not to le on those issu. "All legally married same-sex upl will be regnized for feral tax purpos no matter what state they live , the Internal Revenue Service and the Treasury Department announced Thursday a change that will affect numero upl stat that have not permted gay change policy follows the Supreme Court's cisn June overturng a key provisn of the Defense of Marriage Act that barred the feral ernment om regnizg same-sex marriag for purpos such as surance benefs, immigratn and tax new approach 'provis accs to benefs, rponsibili and protectns unr feral tax law that all Amerins serve, ' Treasury Secretary Jab J.

GAY MARRIAGE AS A CIVIL RIGHT—ARE WRONGS RIGHTS?

The Supreme Court says you n’t be fired for beg gay or transgenr. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

"A tough ban on same-sex relatnships that threatens vlators wh 14-year prison terms has been quietly signed to law by the print of Nigeria, Ai’s most populo natn, a step that rights advot have long feared not only as a reprsn aimed at gays but as an afont to basic eedoms of speech and ban, known as the Same Sex Marriage Prohibn Act, was passed by Parliament May but was not signed by the print, Goodluck Jonathan, until Jan. Supreme Court on Monday cled to ci once and for all whether stat n ban gay marriage, a surprise move that will allow gay men and women to marry five stat where same-sex weddgs were prevly rejectg appeals s volvg Virgia, Oklahoma, Utah, Wisns and Indiana, the urt left tact lower-urt lgs that had stck down the bans those stat. But the high urt's actn means there will be no imment natnal lg on the issue, wh ligatn stat where gay marriage is still banned likely to stat unr the jurisdictn of appeals urts that have stck down the bans will also be affected by the Supreme Court's cisn, meang the number of stat wh gay marriage is likely to quickly jump om 19 to 30.

ARE GAY RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS?

The ACLU works to ensure that lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr and queer people n live openly whout discrimatn and enjoy equal rights, personal tonomy, and eedom of exprsn and associatn. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

"A feral appeals urt panel upheld bans on same-sex marriage four stat Thursday, a break wh other feral urts that mak almost certa the Supreme Court mt take up the issue of whether gay upl have a nstutnal right to cisn overturned lower-urt lgs Michigan, Oh, Tennsee and Kentucky and mak the 6th Circu the first appeals urt to uphold state bans sce the Supreme Court stck down part of the feral Defense of Marriage Act 2013.

RSIAN NSTUTN CHANGE ENDS HOP FOR GAY MARRIAGE

This is not the untry’s first move limg LGBT rights and fluence. Rsia has never legalized gay marriage and also has a “gay propaganda” law. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

"The EU's [European Unn's] top urt, a landmark lg for gay rights Europe, said on Tuday [June 5, 2018] that Romania mt grant rince to the Amerin hband of a lol man even though Romania do not self perm same-sex a se which has highlighted social differenc between wtern Europe and a more nservative, ex-munist east, the European Court of Jtice (ECJ) led that Romania mt accept the validy of the mens' 2010 Belgian marriage and treat Amerin Clay Haton as Adrian Coman's spoe unr EU law...

EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS L RSIA MUST ALLOW GAY MARRIAGE, AS KREML SAYS MOVE WOULD BE ‘IMPOSSIBLE’ UNR NSTUTN

The fate of a nstutnal same-sex marriage ban uld largely be cid Friday when a Mnota Senate mtee nsirs whether the issue should go on the November ballot. Supporters of the nstutnal ban say they want to ensure that Mnota's Defense of Marriage Act nnot be overturned the urts. But opponents say they want gay upl to have the same civil rights and legal benefs afford to heterosexual upl. The civil rights argument has ed ncern among some Ain Amerin relig lears Mnota, pecially when 's pared to the fight for racial equaly. They argue that the civil rights stggle is pletely different than the gay marriage issue. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

"Five of ne judg Ecuador's top urt on Wednday [June 12, 2019] led favor of two gay upl who sued after their requt to be married was nied by the untry's civil Lat Amerin natn is the 27th untry to allow same-sex marriage wh the move g durg the annual gay Pri month and events to mark the 50th year of the [June 28, 1969] Stonewall rts New York that gave rise to the global movement for LGBT+ rights.

IS GAY RIGHTS A CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE? TWO LAWYERS OM OPPOSE ENDS OF THE IOLOGIL SPECTM SAY, “Y.”

People on both sis -- pro-LGBT and anti-LGBT -- actively avoid equatg gay rights wh civil rights. This avoidance is dishont, sultg, and meang to lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr people of all racial, ethnic, and cultural inti. It mt stop immediately. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

The 11th annual Amerin Valu Survey rerd that 70% of Amerins support legal same-sex marriage, pared to 28% who are opposn, a rerd survey also found that 83% of Amerins support "laws that would protect gay, lbian, bisexual, and transgenr people agast discrimatn jobs, public acmodatns, and hog, " pared to 16% who are opposn. This is bee they would nstute a certa imatn or analogue of the nuptial blsg voked on the man and woman uned the sacrament of Matrimony, while fact 'there are absolutely no grounds for nsirg homosexual unns to be any way siar or even remotely analogo to God’s plan for marriage and fay' claratn of the unlawfulns of blsgs of unns between persons of the same sex is not therefore, and is not tend to be, a form of unjt discrimatn, but rather a remr of the tth of the lurgil re and of the very nature of the sacramentals, as the Church unrstands them. LattSearchSearchLove Letter: Supreme Court Backs Digner Opposed to Same-Sex MarriagePl: a rerd number of transgenr laws, Larry Kramer’s memorial, Vows and Morn ground has shifted on gay marriage for nservative a foc of the natn’s culture wars, the issue has taken a back seat to genr Ruth GrahamSupreme Court Backs Web Digner Opposed to Same-Sex MarriageThe jtic settled a qutn left open 2018: whether bs open to the public and engaged exprsn may refe to serve ctomers based on relig Abbie VanSickle and Adam LiptakIndia’s Top Court Begs Hearg Same-Sex Marriage CaseThe Supreme Court recent years has stck down a ban on nsensual gay sex.

In the Uned Stat the first major male anizatn, found 1950–51 by Harry Hay Los Angel, was the Mattache Society (s name reputedly rived om a medieval French society of masked players, the Société Mattache, to reprent the public “maskg” of homosexualy), while the Dghters of Bilis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons Bilis), found 1955 by Phyllis Lyon and Del Mart San Francis, was a leadg group for women. Other issu of primary importance for the gay rights movement sce the 1970s clud batg the HIV/AIDS epimic and promotg disease preventn and fundg for rearch; lobbyg ernment for nondiscrimatory polici employment, hog, and other aspects of civil society; endg the ban on ary service for gay and lbian dividuals; expandg hate crim legislatn to clu protectns for gays, cludg transgenr dividuals; and securg marriage rights for same-sex upl (see same-sex marriage). Back 1989 two young activists phg for the normalizatn of homosexualy thored a book tend to serve as a polil strategy manual and public relatns gui for their “After the Ball: How Ameri Will Conquer s Fear and Hatred of Gays the 90s, ” thors Marshall Kirk and Hunter Madsen argued that efforts to normalize homosexualy and homosexual relatnships would fail unls their movement shifted s argument to a mand for civil rights, rather than for moral acceptance.

ISSUE REPORT: CIVIL UNNS VS. GAY MARRIAGE

This was the birth of gay activism the U. S. , and occurred the summer of the year 1969. The gay civil rights movement has been particularly fuelled * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

It is not about whether same-sex relatnships n volve the ntent of marriage: few would ny that gays and lbians are pable of iendship, timacy, “meet and happy nversatn, ” and mutual rponsibily, nor that they n have and raise children (whether their own om a prev marriage, children created wh their relatnship by surrogacy or artificial sematn, or adopted children). Such visceral prejudice is reflected the large number of hate crim that are perpetrated agast gay persons… irratnal nature of the prejudice directed at gay persons, who ‘‘are ridiculed, ostracized, spised, monized and nmned “merely for beg who they are” …is entirely different kd than the prejudice suffered by other groups that prevly have been nied spect or quasi-spect class stat.

GAY MARRIAGE: AMERI'S LAST MAJOR CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Joe Bin’s long advocy for gay rights reached a historic moment when the print-elect named former South Bend, Ind., mayor Pete Buttigieg as his transportatn secretary. If nfirmed, Buttigieg will bee the first openly LBGTQ Cabet member. But Bin’s support of the gay muny has at tim ed a stir. At a sensive moment 2012, then-Vice Print Bin advertently prodd his boss, Print Barack Obama, to speed up his public affirmatn of same-sex marriage. * is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

1973 Uniform Parentage Act of 1973 1979 first adoptn by a gay uple the untry (California) 1996 Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) 1997 Hawaii first state to provi a classifitn of Domtic Partnership 2002 Uniform Parentage Act of 2002 2004 Massachetts first state to legalize marriage of same-sex partners 2013 Obergefell v.

IS GAY MARRIAGE A CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE? MART LUTHER KG’S NIECE DON’T THK SO

* is gay marriage a civil rights issue *

GAY MARRIAGE AS A CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE ESSAY

GAY MARRIAGE TIMELE

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

FIRST-PERSON: GAY MARRIAGE, A CIVIL RIGHT?

DIPLOMATIC TENSN REPORTEDLY RISG BETWEEN UNED STAT AND JAMAI OVER GAY AMERIN DIPLOMAT

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* IS GAY MARRIAGE A CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE

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class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg">In his new book, “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">The Engagement: Ameri’s Quarter-Century Stggle Over Same-Sex Marriage</a>,” the journalist Sasha Issenberg chronicl one of our untry’s most recent civil-rights battl, tracg the evolutn of the e om 1990, when started to bee a polil movement, to s ratifitn by the Supreme Court, 2015. Issenberg’s subjects are the activists, policians, and judicial figur who, tentnally or not, found themselv at s foreont. That gay marriage would bee legal after only a twenty-five-year fight, Issenberg wr, “was beyond the wilst hop of gay-rights activists jt years before.” The book attempts to expla why this mpaign succeed so quickly and how relig nservativ advertently furthered a e they passnately opposed.</p><p class="paywall">I recently spoke by phone wh Issenberg, who has prevly wrten about the science behd polil mpaigns and electns. Durg our nversatn, which has been eded for length and clary, we discsed what ma the stggle for gay marriage distct om other civil-rights movements, how Tmp’s electn shifted the foc of social nservatism away om sexual polics, and what this fight n tell about future civil-rights battl.</p><p class="paywall"><strong>How is the stggle for gay marriage Ameri different om other stggl for civil rights Amerin history?</strong></p><p class="paywall">I thk the obv thgs that we want to pare to are the movements for racial equaly and for women’s rights. And one sential element is that, unlike race and genr, people generally have the abily to ntrol the circumstanc unr which they acknowledge and disclose the fact that they are gay or lbian. And so the procs of g out, which is the unrlyg social enge of a lot of the opn change that leads to polil and legal victori, is somethg that’s available to members of the gay and lbian muny that is not available to Ain-Amerins or to women, their .</p><p class="paywall">And I still n’t ci whether this is a profound observatn or a banal one, but most gay people are born to straight people—which means that they are, one prum, evenly distributed across the populatn, which is to say that they’re not geographilly ncentrated, that the likelihood of anybody the untry g to know somebody as a neighbor or a fay member or a classmate who’s gay or lbian is probably more or ls equally distributed. And we’ve seen across gay-rights issu, not jt marriage, that the bt predictor of liberal attus has always been how somebody answers the qutn “Do you have a iend, fay member, or -worker who’s gay or lbian?”</p><p class="paywall"><strong>What do your first observatn—that people n choose when they e out—mean practice?</strong></p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">That people get some gree of cultural or social acceptance, then feel fortable g out, and then the people around them regnize that they know somebody who’s gay or lbian. I thk ’s ls likely that you’re, like, “Oh, voilà, my neighbor’s Black.” Or, “I jt learned that my kid’s schoolteacher’s a woman. Now I’m gog to revis how I thk about issu that perta to them.” One of the thgs that make very easy for people to grow more liberal on the marriage qutn—as basilly forty per cent of the Amerin populatn has, over a generatn—is that don’t ask the majory to give up much to the mory, which has been a central source of polil ictn around a lot of other civil-rights or social-jtice movements.</p><p class="paywall"><strong>You cid to ver both activists and big polil actors like the Supreme Court. Was there a reason you felt you had to do the si stggle and the outsi stggle?</strong></p><p class="paywall">Yeah. I mean, I thk that this is someplace where wrg about marriage is different than wrg about the entirety of the gay-rights movement. There was a much longer perd of the broar qut for equal rights for gays and lbians, when activists were operatg whout much acknowledgment om, reactn om, and teractn wh the polil class or stutns. And so I thk when people have wrten histori of gay activism the neteen-fifti or sixti or seventi, there are far fewer policians or judg there. The story I tell starts 1990. And at that pot there was hardly anybody who was an activist for same-sex-marriage rights. No signifint gay-rights group the untry had endorsed marriage as an objective. And end up the hands of the Hawaii Supreme Court. And, by 1996, this was ont of Congrs and the Print. Marriage was an issue that ma the jump. Activists did not spend s toilg obscury at the periphery of our polics tryg to get people to pay attentn to this. It land the laps of powerful people pretty quickly after emerged as a kd of viable policy objective.</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall"><strong>The way we normally tell stori about civil rights this untry is that there’s a ph for civil rights, and then there’s a reactnary backlash to that—which has effects of s own. But one of the tertg thgs about your book, I thought, was that a way you’re sayg that the backlash to gay marriage helped the gay-marriage e, or phed along. And the normal story we tell is reversed some way.</strong></p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">Yeah. So, this big victory at the Hawaii Supreme Court leads to the Defense of Marriage Act, which is clearly a form of backlash agast this signifint, but lol, victory Hawaii. Then all of a sudn Congrs and the Print are preëmptively fg marriage for one of the first tim feral law. And we see a slight h to the pollg support for gay marriage. Somethg siar happens 2003 after the Massachetts Supreme Court l favor of marriage: public opn dips aga, and you get an active ph for a feral marriage amendment eventually supported by the Bh Whe Hoe, and a blossomg of the state-level nstutnal bans. And I thk you n look at what happened California 2008, where the California Supreme Court orrs that same-sex upl have the right to marry and, wh six months, Proposn 8 has passed at the ballot box, takg away that right.</p><p class="paywall">So there were exampl of backlash all over this story, but, over the longer arc of this, the backlash end up provg unterproductive. So, the mid-neteen-neti, anti-gay activists on the maland who rpond to this urt cisn Hawaii end up unifyg a gay-rights movement that had been unvted marriage as a e and actured iologilly over as a strategic proposn—over the tra-offs, terms of cremental gas that would have to be put asi the qut for marriage rights. And, all of a sudn, some gay-rights activists who had been prcipled opponents of seekg marriage ci that, bee their opponents want to ny them that right, they feel basilly obliged to fight for .</p><p class="paywall"><strong>It’s not a bad argument, right? It’s, like, people want to take somethg away om you, you should damn well want to fight for </strong>.</p><p class="paywall">Yeah. It’s also the nature of aln polics. And gays and lbians and bisexuals and transgenr people were a aln, and their opponents cid that what was wh that aln had been a niche issue but was now gog to be the primary area which they were gog to fight. They basilly end up advertently bag the whole aln to fendg somethg they hadn’t wanted to fend. Then the level at which this nflict uld be rolved changed.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><asi class="PersistentAsiWrapper-VGrR daRVRt persistent-asi" style="posn:absolute;top:to;height:to" data-ttid="PersistentAsiWrapper"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="yzuf4a"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></asi></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="r7u5h7"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa EOneK body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">And that’s bee marriage had been, wh very few exceptns Amerin history—like when Congrs banned polygamy, or when the Supreme Court overturned state laws banng terracial marriage—somethg that had been left to the stat. And there’s a unterfactual where, if nservativ had not natnalized this issue, would have played out very slowly, state by state. This go om beg a qutn that uld have played out fifty state judiciari and state legislatur, and stead be somethg that ne Jtic n le on. And tak a while to see , but that ends up beg a huge strategic miscue by same-sex-marriage opponents that mak really easy for same-sex-marriage supporters to w natnally.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-2 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall"><strong>The marriage movement advanced a fairly nservative objective—and did so the midst of the <em class="small">AIDS</em> crisis. I know that the ia spl more radil activists, such as Larry Kramer, whom you scribe as an early supporter of marriage equaly. How did divis the gay-rights movement manift themselv the marriage fight?</strong></p><p class="paywall">There were fely cleavag wh the movement over marriage. To the extent that people were batg same-sex marriage the neteen-eighti, was a circle of gay and lbian lawyers and legal theorists. The folks dog what we would ll L.G.B.T. fay law then were at the time overwhelmgly lbian lawyers reprentg lbian clients, who were ually women who had had children a heterosexual marriage, e out of the closet, left their hbands, and had to go to urt to fight for their own blogil children. And some of those lawyers had gone to llege and law school and been shaped by send-wave femism, and they saw marriage as an stutn that was tablished to subjugate women. And so there was this crique of marriage as an sentially patriarchal, heteronormative stutn.</p><p class="paywall">The objective for many of the fay-law typ was a legal regime that valued what they lled multiple fai—which was to say, a legal regime which the law treated equally a broad spectm of faial arrangements, so not jt pairgs of any genr batn but sgle parents and unmarried people habatg, and munal livg, and they saw the goal of gay and lbian fai as openg up the range of relatnships the ernment regnized.</p><p class="paywall">And there was also a related but separate ph, which grew out of the liberatnist impuls of gay polics the neteen-seventi—which argued that gays and lbians had adopted their own sexual valu and mor, and would be fundamentally regrsive to make a polil goal seekg acceptance what they saw as this middle-class, Amerin stutn, and the goal of gays and lbians should be to remake relatnships their own image, and not mand acceptance or assiatn.</p><p class="paywall"><strong>How central was the <em class="small">AIDS</em> movement to the cleavag</strong>?</p><p class="paywall">It magnified the extent to which gays and lbians were themselv a polil aln. <em class="small">AIDS</em> was overwhelmgly a problem for men the neteen-eighti more than women. Gay men were stantly forced to al wh all of the ath issu that had not really been prent—and certaly not part of the gay polil agenda. “Can I vis my partner the hospal?” “What happens to my property when I die?” That was not somethg lbians were facg the same way. But a lot of lbians were focsed on the life qutns. A lot of them had had children heterosexual marriag, and had to fight to adopt their own children, and saw that the urts held their sexualy agast them. And so, as the neteen-eighti end, they had divergent sets of material ncerns volvg the law.</p><p class="paywall">There is an important se that go to the New York Court of Appeals lled Braschi, where two men were livg a rent-stabilized apartment: one of them di, almost certaly of <em class="small">AIDS</em>, and the landlord tri to evict the survivg partner, and they challenge unr New York’s stabilizatn statute, and the urt l that two men who live together qualify as close fay members. That was a ncern that was clearly motivated by <em class="small">AIDS</em> that would not have been a legal e years earlier.</p><p class="paywall"><strong>I thk, generally, when people thk of the stggle for gay marriage, they often thk about the relative speed wh which was acplished pared wh other stggl Amerin history. Do you thk that n be replited other movements?</strong></p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-3 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">I thk there are certaly some stctural, tactil cisns that same-sex-marriage supporters ma that helped lead them to victory. And that, broadly, there are lsons that other mpaigners or social movements n adopt. But the ia that there’s a kd of off-the-shelf manual for twenty-five years of social change. . . .</p><p class="paywall">One important thg is there’s an anizatn lled Freedom to Marry, which was a sgle-issue mpaign anizatn wh one goal: equal marriage rights across fifty stat and the District of Columbia. And, up until this pot, the major players L.G.B.T. polics, the Human Rights Campaign, the Natnal Gay and Lbian Task Force, and a lot of state-level anizatns, have a really broad panoply of issu that they are vted . They reprent a aln that is fairly broad, basilly sexual mori, and have a whole lot of issu that they’re workg on: they’re tryg to stop hate crim, they’re tryg to get regnn for fai, they’re tryg to allow gays and lbians to serve the ary, a whole bunch of thgs. It’s been a recurrg trope among gay-rights activists that the Human Rights Campaign, the most wealthy and proment of the gay-rights groups, is too focsed on the si game, too focsed on wng accs, raisg money. Some activists believe that the gay-rights movement as a whole did not fight strongly enough agast the Defense of Marriage Act or agast the feral marriage amendment bee the Human Rights Campaign wasn’t ready to fight and that this was evince of their acmodatnist sort of approach to polics.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="1t0k9i"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa EOneK body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">It’s clear that the H.R.C. was always actg, I thk, que ratnally, that they had had a broad set of issu that they red about, and they tend to e fluence Washgton stutns to get . And they had to weigh the mers of fightg over marriage wh the mers of tryg to get progrs on other issu. When Freedom to Marry along, they don’t have to make those promis. And so they are able to velop a strategy that’s not based on tra-offs between “If we ph for marriage this state, will step back our efforts to get a nondiscrimatn ordance passed?” And Freedom to Marry said, “We’re gog to put ourselv out of bs after we meet our goal,” which they did after the Supreme Court led 2015. And that is not the way that most tert groups are set up. They’re set up basilly to perpetuate themselv. And that means that they are havg to weigh not jt their policy objectiv, but their donors and their members and their long-term stabily.</p><p class="paywall">And I thk rais a lot of qutns. Where would gun laws be if, stead of havg the broad gun-ntrol anizatns, a group is focsed solely on background checks?</p><p class="paywall"><strong>Probably the same place, but your pot may still be rrect.</strong></p><p class="paywall">Yeah. But I thk that the natural physics of tert-group polics and alns is to make them bigger. And if you really are focsed on one discrete policy objective, the bigns and broadns of those groups n be self-featg.</p><p class="paywall"><strong>Well, this also go to your earlier pot, that the relig right did the e of gay rights a favor by makg more about one specific thg.</strong></p><p class="paywall">Yeah. They helped set up the terms of a bate, and then, later, gay-rights activists wh big donors built an astcture that uld fight the nflict on those terms.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-4 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall"><strong>We were talkg about backlash earlier, and you mentn near the end of the book that a backlash to gay marriage hasn’t really happened the way one often expects. How do you unrstand that?</strong></p><p class="paywall">I thk there are a few elements here. One is that anti-gay activists were not surprised when the Obergefell cisn me down 2015. It looked almost fated, based on the urt’s earlier lg and the way that had handled appeals to circu-urt cisns. So I don’t thk that there was the emotnal letdown on the day of the cisn that would’ve galvanized some opposn. And, bee of that, many of those activists had already begun to move to an area where they still had strength, where the public opn looked a lot more like did around gay marriage twenty years ago—which is trans issu. And so they basilly said, “We have lost the gay-marriage fight, but we have this nearby place where we n manufacture nflict om a posn of strength.” And many of the same stutns that had been fightg over gay marriage all of a sudn jt started fightg over issu related to transgenr people.</p><p class="paywall"><strong>That was gog to be my next qutn—to what gree is a cince that trans issu have bee more proment the past five years?</strong></p><p class="paywall">There was all this pacy that had been built. I mean, part of the story of how we end up fightg about gay marriage the neteen-neti is that the gay-rights movement and the relig right grew up more or ls parallel the late seventi and beme profsnalized and well fund through the eighti. By the neti, the gay-rights movement was a central part of the Democratic-left aln, and the relig right was a central player Republin polics. And they had veloped pacy for nflict. They were basilly on a llisn urse. And the only qutn was: What were they gog to fight over? And this popped up on the radar as the thg that they started to fight over.</p><p class="paywall">I thk what happened twenty years later, around the time of the 2015 Supreme Court lg, was that the alns were bigger and stronger many rpects, more entrenched, and still need somethg to fight over. Relig nservativ had lost their posn of strength for a variety of reasons—opn change, mographic chang. And then they cid that they were gog to go to trans issu stead.</p><p class="paywall">The other part of is the smology of relig nservativ shifted wh the feat over same-sex marriage, where they may have ced the broar culture wars. There’s a reason Jerry Falwell lled his anizatn the Moral Majory. The kd of motivatg nce of relig-nservative activism through the eighti and neti, and much of the two-thoands, was based on the ia that there’s a Juo-Christian majory the untry and the laws of the Uned Stat should reflect s valu. And losg the nflict over gay marriage, I thk, persuad many of those relig nservativ that they were not, fact, the majory—that now you don’t have to watch more than ten mut of Fox News to unrstand that the smology of the current Amerin right is that they are a bieged mory, unr siege by the urts, and amia, and Hollywood. And, once they began to thk of themselv as a bieged mory, they started dog what bieged mori do our nstutnal system, which is to ask the urts for protectn. And that tak the form of the relig-liberty exemptns, which is basilly an acknowledgment of the ncsn of feat the broar stggle.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="txlpzi"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="flfwm"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa EOneK body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">The third part of the puzzle is Donald Tmp. In June, 2015, the two thgs happened. June 16th is when Donald Tmp announc his mpaign for Print. On the 26th of June, the Obergefell cisn down. If you had told me advance that a major civil-rights cisn was gog to land that overturned state laws that had been mocratilly enacted by the rints of Alabama the same month that one of the most talented magogu Amerin history was gog to announce his mpaign for Print, I would have assumed that those two thgs would bee terrelated some really dangero, sry ways, and they didn’t.</p><p class="paywall">Donald Tmp had an stct and a tremendo gift for ptg Amerins agast one another, and he cis he’s gog to n for Print and talk about Mexins and Mlims and women and immigrants, but he has no natural bile for gays and lbians. There are a lot of ways which his Admistratn later set back gay rights, but he did not want to talk about those issu. I thk, jt given the way that that primary played out, ndidat like Ted Cz or Rick Santom or Mike Huckabee or Bobby Jdal—who otherwise would have been highly cled to cheerlead a backlash to marriage sce the Obergefell cisn—regnized pretty quickly that that’s not where the news was the summer of 2015.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-5 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall"><strong>You wrote an <a href=">op-ed</a> last weekend the <em>Tim</em> which was headled “Cancel Culture Works: We Wouldn’t Have Marriage Equaly Whout It.” For the book, you went back and looked at the different ways that gay-rights anizatns and gay-rights activists shamed, shunned, and boytted opponents of same-sex marriage. Do you feel that you’re seeg some of the same tactics that are today labelled “ncel culture,” or do you feel like those activists avoid what crics of ncel culture fd so damagg today?</strong></p><p class="paywall">Yeah. Well, I’m glad we’re not gog to have a nversatn about what ncel culture means or don’t, bee I actually don’t really know. I thk that one of the big chang that take place the marriage bate is how the money dynamic shifts the years between 2008, when gay-marriage supporters suffered this massive setback when Proposn 8 passed California, and four years later, 2012, the first time they sweep four ballot measur. One of the big thgs is the extent to which the pro-gay-marriage si of the bate opened up a major fancial advantage over opponents. You had a clter of exceedgly wealthy gay donors, mostly gay whe men who had ma their money through tech or hered , who the two-thoands had bee uniquely terted marriage among all the issu on the agenda. By 2012, Mike Bloomberg was givg major ntributns. Jeff Bezos was givg major ntributns. You had a whole lot of Wall Street donors, cludg Republins, who were givg generoly as well.</p><p class="paywall">The other thg that’s happeng is big donors basilly abandon the other si of the fight: by 2012, ’s clear that the folks nng the effort to ban same-sex marriage are jt havg trouble gog to their normal donors, cludg archdc. There’s somethg about beg associated wh this issue that people don’t want to al wh, terms of media scty and acceptance among their peers the bs world. I thk so often this ncel-culture nversatn is played out over the propriety of , or the place of the tactics a liberal mocracy, and here’s this really important recent se study that shows actually works. Srg away proposns’ fancial backers through shame is somethg that n have a dramatic effect on the trajectory of a particular polil bate, and the Inter has ma much easier for dividuals to lnch and anize the typ of attacks.</p><le-embed name="" attrs="[object Object]" childTyp="" ntentType="llout:"><hr class="paywall"/><h2 class="paywall">More New Yorker Conversatns</h2><ul class="paywall"><li><a href=">Pam Grier</a> on the needs of Hollywood, and her own.</li><li><a href=">Alexey Navalny</a> has the proof of his poisong.</li><li><a href=">Chance the Rapper</a> is still figurg thgs out.</li><li>How <a href=">Ben Stiller</a> will remember his father.</li><li><a href=">Esther Perel</a> says that love is not a permanent state of enthiasm.</li><li><a href=">Ad-Rock</a> jt wants to be iends.</li><li><a href=">Fran Lebowz</a> is never leavg New York.</li><li>Sign up for our <a href=">newsletter</a> and never miss another New Yorker Interview.</li></ul></le-embed></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="twtd3"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 PaywallInleBarrierWhWrapperGrid-fyrGfS kLQIUk grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="body body__le-barrier article__body"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"><asi class="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper-iBnuqk lfXXa-D" data-ttid="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper"><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--paywall-le-barrier" role="prentatn" aria-live="pole" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--paywall-le-barrier"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></asi></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ContentWrapperGrid-fvkmBv brYtrA grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="body body__ntaer"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"></div></div></div></div></div></div></article><div class="ContentFooterWrapper-jVNdRG dTJkpP ArticlePageContentFooterGrid-ccsXYy eMZRHU article-body__footer"><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="ContributorsWrapper-eNpWFu GWFsc ntributors" data-ttid="Contributors"><div class="ContributorBWrapper-bnVHbt gMon"><div class="ContributorBAvatar-bIGTqf eMWbvj"><a href="/ntributors/isaac-choter"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW jvZaPI rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa rponsive-image"><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></picture></span></a></div><div class="ContributorBContent-ubQdr jZTSSi"><div class="ContributorBHear-ledood XOIEx"></div><div class="ContributorBB-fBolsO giFhKz"><a href="/ntributors/isaac-choter">Isaac 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tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz ktcjQn"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Livg Adoptn’s Emotnal Aftermath" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl XMZX summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN lapGFj summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">A Reporter at Large</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM dVrbhU summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ fzzTdh summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Livg Adoptn’s Emotnal Aftermath</div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd kxnNhB jDyfzW summary-em__k">Adopte reckon wh rptn orphanag, hidn birth certifit, and the urge to search for their birth parents.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Larissa MacFarquhar</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hNpSyX summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below summary-em--layout-posn-image-left summary-em--layout-proportns-50-50 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm hKqhyj" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz ktcjQn"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="What’s the Matter wh Men?" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl XMZX summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN lapGFj summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Books</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM dVrbhU summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ fzzTdh summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">What’s the Matter wh Men?</div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd kxnNhB jDyfzW summary-em__k">They’re flounrg at school and the workplace. Some nservativ blame a crisis of masculy, but the problems—and their solutns—are far more plex.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Idre Kahloon</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hNpSyX summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below summary-em--layout-posn-image-left summary-em--layout-proportns-50-50 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm hKqhyj" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz ktcjQn"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Rereadg Rsian Classics the Shadow of the Ukrae War" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl XMZX summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN lapGFj summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Letter om Tbilisi</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM dVrbhU summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ fzzTdh summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Rereadg Rsian Classics the Shadow of the Ukrae War</div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd kxnNhB jDyfzW summary-em__k">How to reckon wh the iology of “Anna Karena,” “Eugene Oneg,” and other beloved books.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Elif Batuman</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hNpSyX summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below summary-em--layout-posn-image-left summary-em--layout-proportns-50-50 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm hKqhyj" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb cPpCwE summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz ktcjQn"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg bDvSkO summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl XMZX summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN lapGFj summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Unr Review</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM dVrbhU summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ fzzTdh summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight</div></a><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd kxnNhB jDyfzW summary-em__k">In the sixti and seventi, the Sullivanian Instute had a wng sal pch for young New Yorkers: parti, sex, low rent, and affordable therapy.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc 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