Populatn Size Estimatn of Gay and Bisexual Men and Other Men Who Have Sex Wh Men Usg Social Media-Based Platforms - PMC

Contents:

• POPULATN SIZE ESTIMATN OF GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN AND OTHER MEN WHO HAVE SEX WH MEN USG SOCIAL MEDIA-BASED PLATFORMS
• WHERE IS IT ILLEGAL TO BE GAY AI?
• ON GAY RIGHTS, YOUNG AINS SHARE THE TOLERANCE OF THEIR ELRS

POPULATN SIZE ESTIMATN OF GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN AND OTHER MEN WHO HAVE SEX WH MEN USG SOCIAL MEDIA-BASED PLATFORMS

And Augt, lawmakers proposed a bill (still unr review) so extreme that simply sayg you are gay or lbian uld land you mandatory nversn therapy or prison for up to 10 years. Same-sex nduct is not illegal  Rwanda, but thori there round up and arbrarily taed people regard as socially unsirable, cludg over a dozen gay and transgenr people, sex workers, street children, and others the months before a planned June 2021 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetg. It is timated that the younger generatns are more likely to be open about their sexualy, wh Generatn Z beg the most likely to be openly gay, bisexual, or asexual or pansexual.

In 2011, one report dited that approximately 96.5 percent of the populatn was heterosexual, while the remar of the populatn reported, intified as homosexual or asexual.

ObjectiveThis study leverag timat of the number of members of a social app geared towards gay men (Hor) and members of Facebook g self-reported relatnship terts men, men and women, and those wh at least one reported same-sex tert. MethodsData were llected through the Hor Gay Social Network and by g an a prri termed amework to timate the numbers of Facebook members wh terts associated wh GBMSM South Ai, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, Côte d'Ivoire, Mrania, The Gambia, Lebanon, Thailand, Malaysia, Brazil, Ukrae, and the Uned Stat.

WHERE IS IT ILLEGAL TO BE GAY AI?

Here, a method leveragg different tegori of same-sex terts on Facebook, bed wh a specific gay-oriented app (Hor), monstrated signifintly higher timat than those officially reported. Given pervasive social stigma around the world and punive laws specifilly affectg gay, bisexual, and other cisgenr men who have sex wh men (GBMSM), remas challengg to unt the numbers of GBMSM to rm the ntent and sle of specific health programs, cludg HIV preventn, treatment, and re servic [2, 3]. The challeng are pound by a pervasive stigma of homosexualy, and by the lack of nsens about the optimal qutns and measur to enumerate men who have health risks associated wh their sexual behavrs [8].

For example, vtigators om the Other Foundatn South Ai reported that an timated 530, 000 people intified as gay, bisexual, or genr nonnformg [12] settgs whout methodologilly sound natnal surveys, which reprents most untri of the world, there is a great reliance on populatn size timatn strategi to asss the numbers of GBMSM. However, the approach are llectively more difficult to implement untri wh stigmatizg settgs where homosexualy may be crimalized, and where polil will or learship is absent.

For example, Tanzania October of 2017, people workg wh anizatns aimed at addrsg the HIV preventn and treatment needs of GBMSM were arrted and then ported, highlightg the herent challeng of unrstandg and ultimately addrsg HIV risks among GBMSM [18] the need to reliably timate the proportn of the male populatn who do not intify as heterosexual, or who are not exclively behavrally heterosexual, this study par UNAIDS timat (where available) to timat of members of Hor (a social app geared towards gay men [19]) and Facebook members wh specific terts associated wh GBMSM 13 untri across five ntents.

ON GAY RIGHTS, YOUNG AINS SHARE THE TOLERANCE OF THEIR ELRS

The timat of GBMSM obtaed om a gay social work app and Facebook ers were pared to the most recent officially reported UNAIDS [20] and natnal timat [10, 21] across 13 untri. Specifilly, the followg keywords were ed to intify same-sex terts: “bisexual, ” “gay, ” “genr, ” “homosexual, ” “LGBT, ” “pri, ” “same-sex, ” and “trans. Country UNAIDS timatebFacebook timat Differenc (UNAIDS m dited timate)MSSIMIMWMIMHor UsersMSSIMIMWMIMHorUned Statc4, 503, 08017, 000, 0001, 500, 000740, 0002, 482, 802(–12, 496, 920)3, 003, 0803, 763, 0802, 020, 278Brazil2, 037, 7419, 900, 000510, 000240, 0003, 056, 261(–7, 862, 259)1, 527, 7411, 797, 741(–1, 018, 520)South Aid654, 979870, 000430, 00061, 00038, 013(–215, 021)224, 979593, 979616, 966Thailand571, 0003, 600, 000760, 000290, 0001, 174, 942(–3, 029, 000)(–189, 000)281, 000(–603, 942)Ukrae176, 000620, 00038, 00015, 000242, 670(–444, 000)138, 000161, 000(–66, 670)Malaysia170, 0003, 000, 0002, 100, 000290, 000311, 472(–2, 830, 000)(–1, 930, 000)(–120, 000)(–141, 472)Ghana30, 579700, 000550, 00042, 00031, 165(–v669, 421)(–519, 421)(–11, 421)(–586)Nigeria29, 4703, 300, 0002, 800, 000180, 00014, 793(–3, 270, 530)(–2, 770, 530)(–150, 530)14, 677Lebanon3114260, 00068, 00029, 00025, 916(–256, 886)(–64, 886)(–25, 886)(–22, 802)Senegal1840260, 000190, 00031, 0002870(–258, 160)(–188, 160)(–29, 160)(–1030)Côte d’Ivoire1343340, 000220, 00023, 0003575(–338, 657)(–218, 657)(–21, 657)(–2232)Mrania16047, 00031, 0007300177(–46, 840)(–30, 840)(–7140)(–17)The Gambia15034, 00020, 0001800194(–33, 850)(–19, 850)(–1650)(–44)The number of adult Facebook ers intified the eight same-sex tert tegori, cludg Entertament/Media, Gay, Genr, LGBT, Pri, Relatnships, Sexualy, and Trans, is prented Table 2 (see Multimedia Appendix 6 for more tails), wh all tert tegori available Multimedia Appendix 4.

DiscsnPrcipal FdgsComparisons of UNAIDS GBMSM size timat to numbers of ers on a gay-oriented app and Facebook ers wh same-sex terts suggt that UNAIDS data may signifintly unrtimate GBMSM populatns to varyg extents across all untri. AbbreviatnsAdsAdvertisementsAIDSacquired immunoficiency syndromeGBMSMgay, bisexual, and other men who have sex wh menLGBTlbian, gay, bisexual, or transgenrMIMmen terted menMIMWmen terted men or men and womenMSSImen wh at least one reported same-sex tertNIHNatnal Instut of HealthPEPFARPrint’s Emergency Plan for AIDS ReliefPrEPpre-exposure prophylaxisUNAIDSJot Uned Natns Programme on HIV/AIDSMultimedia Appendix 1Screenshot of tailed targetg wh Facebook’s Ads Manager ed to timate the number of adult male rints of Malaysia who are terted men (MIM).