Psychologil aggrsn lbian, gay, and bisexual dividuals' timate relatnships: A review of prevalence, rrelat, and measurement issu - ScienceDirect

Contents:

• RSIAN ANTI-GAY GANG VLENCE SEEN FOR THE FIRST TIME ON MERA
• PSYCHOLOGIL AGGRSN LBIAN, GAY, AND BISEXUAL DIVIDUALS' TIMATE RELATNSHIPS: A REVIEW OF PREVALENCE, RRELAT, AND MEASUREMENT ISSU
• THE ASSOCIATN BETWEEN AIDS-RELATED STIGMA AND AGGRSN TOWARD GAY MEN AND LBIANS
• RELATNAL AGGRSN AND VICTIMIZATN GAY MALE RELATNSHIPS: THE ROLE OF TERNALIZED HOMOPHOBIA
• PREDICTORS OF SEXUAL AGGRSN AMONG GAY MEN AND LBIAN WOMEN: AN APPLITN OF MALAMUTH'S NFLUENCE MOL

RSIAN ANTI-GAY GANG VLENCE SEEN FOR THE FIRST TIME ON MERA

A Channel 4 documentary, Hunted, to be broadst the Dispatch strand on Wednday at 10pm, will clu the first televisn reportg of the ncerted timidatn and huiatn rried out by the anti-gay groups Parents of Rsia and Occupy Paedophilia. Athlete Ally, an anisatn foced on endg homophobia and transphobia sports, is among the anisatns that have lled for worldwi peaceful actn on Wednday as part of a "Global Speak Out" event support of Rsian LGBT people. The Prciple Six mpaign the language of the charter to give athlet and fans a way to speak out agast discrimatn before and durg the Sochi Olympics whout breakg Rsian anti-gay laws or vlatg the Olympic ban on polil speech.

"Gay rights mpaigner Peter Tatchell, who will be attendg the London prott at Downg Street on Wednday eveng, nmned "wardly" Gam sponsors, such as McDonald's, Co-Cola and Visa, for not speakg said: "None of the rporate sponsors have explicly nmned the Rsian anti-gay law or homophobic vlence Rsia.

PSYCHOLOGIL AGGRSN LBIAN, GAY, AND BISEXUAL DIVIDUALS' TIMATE RELATNSHIPS: A REVIEW OF PREVALENCE, RRELAT, AND MEASUREMENT ISSU

IntroductnA growg body of rearch suggts that lbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)1 dividuals experience timate partner vlence (IPV) at rat that are equal to or higher than those among heterosexuals (Goldberg and Meyer, 2013, Nowski and Bowen, 2012, Walters et al., 2013).

THE ASSOCIATN BETWEEN AIDS-RELATED STIGMA AND AGGRSN TOWARD GAY MEN AND LBIANS

2% of bisexual women reported any lifetime victimizatn of PA and 59% of gay men and 53% of bisexual men reported any lifetime victimizatn of PA (Walters et al., 2013) heterosexual dividuals PA often -occurs wh physil aggrsn (Follgstad, 2009) or is a precursor to physil aggrsn (Schumacher & Leonard, 2005), and PA perpetratn also predicts sexual aggrsn perpetratn (Ramisetty-Mikler, Caetano, & McGrath, 2007). Reports the early 1990’s dited that over one third of gay men and lbians were victims of terpersonal vlence and up to 94% experienced some type of victimizatn related to their sexual orientatn (Fassger, 1991; Natnal Gay and Lbian Task Force, 1990). It is possible that the perpetrators, who accs antigay aggrsive scripts wh such ease, will be driven to antigay aggrsn by the slightt suatnal cue or whim, will engage the acts wh the most recurrence, and will be least rponsive to terventn.

Published fal eded form as:PMCID: PMC9080452NIHMSID: NIHMS1803051AbstractThis study examed whether self-intified race and prr ntact wh a gay man or lbian morate the associatn between AIDS-related stigma and aggrsn toward gay men and lbians when ntrollg for sexual prejudice.

Regrsn analys showed that AIDS-related stigma was posively associated wh aggrsn toward gay men and lbians among Whe men who reported no prr ntact, but not among Whe men who endorsed prr ntact and Black men regardls of prr ntact. Th, the lks between perpetrators’ AIDS-related stigma and their aggrsn toward gay men and lbians mer further Stigma and Aggrsn Toward Gay Men and LbiansStigma may be broadly unrstood as the extent to which the public harbors negative beliefs about a particular group, such as people livg wh HIV (PLWH), and the negative attus may affect how members of the valued group are treated (Goffman, 1963; Herek, Saha, & Burack, 2013; Parker & Aggleton, 2003). G., beliefs that gay people are immoral vectors of disease who serve fectn wh HIV) the 1980s, the general public has associated HIV/AIDS wh gay people, cludg lbians (Herek & Capan, 1999; Herek, Capan, & Widaman, 2002; Herek & Glunt, 1988; Herek, Mnick, Burris, Chney, Fullilove, Gunther et al., 1998; Wright, Mulick, & Kid, 2007).

RELATNAL AGGRSN AND VICTIMIZATN GAY MALE RELATNSHIPS: THE ROLE OF TERNALIZED HOMOPHOBIA

G., non-heterosexual; gay and lbian), (2) ascribe posive or negative attribut to their own -group and members of out-groups, and (3) may have views and motivatns that jtify existg social hierarchi and the enactment of stigma toward potential out-groups like gay men and lbians (e. Although heterosexual men may hold differential attus toward lbians vers gay men or may have sexualized views of genr-nformg lbians (Worthen, 2013), sexually nservative opns about, and perceived threats to, sexual moraly and genr- and sexual orientatn-based social hierarchi adhered to by some heterosexual men may be more cril when lbians are llectively tegorized wh gay men as a homosexual out-group (Collier, Bos, & Sandfort, 2012; Crawford, Inbar, & Maloney, 2014).

Taken together, the stigma lerature suggts that a patriarchal view of potentially genr-nformg lbians who may be perceived as posg ltle or no threat to existg genr- and sexual orientatn-based social hierarchi is a separate issue om the ia of “gay men and lbians” or “gay people” tegorized together as threats to existg social hierarchi (e. Aggregatg attus toward gay men and lbians may be as rmative about the role and robtns of AIDS-related stigma or other stigmas as disaggregatg the attus, and rearch is need to exame this prejudice, a form of sexual stigma, has been fed as “a negative attu toward an dividual based on her or his membership a group fed by s members’ sexual attractns, behavrs, or orientatn” (Herek & McLemore, 2013, p.

Whereas AIDS-related stigma is associated wh prejudice toward gay men and lbians, sexual prejudice is, turn, associated wh aggrsn toward gay men and lbians acrdg to survey- and laboratory-based rearch (Bernat, Calhoun, Adams, & Zeichner, 2001; Frankl, 2000; Parrott, Peterson, & Bakeman, 2011; Parrott & Zeichner, 2005; Parrott, Zeichner, & Hoover, 2006; Patel, Long, McCammon, & Wuensch, 1995; Rorick, McCammon, Long, & Allred, 1998; Vcent, Parrott, & Peterson, 2011). Potential MoratorsBased on tergroup ntact theory (Allport, 1954; Dovid, Eller, & Hewstone, 2011), posive ntact wh gay men and lbians among heterosexual men should crease their likelihood of aggrsn toward gay men and lbians (Vcent, Parrott, & Peterson, 2014). G., heterosexuals, gay men and lbians) would rce tergroup prejudice: (1) ntact sanctned by a regnized thory; (2) ntact volvg tergroup operatn, or mutual terpennce; (3) ntact based on mon goals; and (4) ntact which equal stat exists between groups the ntact suatn.

PREDICTORS OF SEXUAL AGGRSN AMONG GAY MEN AND LBIAN WOMEN: AN APPLITN OF MALAMUTH'S NFLUENCE MOL

As such, a history of prr ntact wh gay men and lbians, broadly fed, should crease the associatn between AIDS-related stigma and aggrsn toward gay men and lbians among heterosexual to prr ntact, Blacks may generally be ls likely than Wh to show an associatn between AIDS-related stigma and aggrsn toward gay men and lbians. In ncert wh tergroup ntact theory, this lerature suggts that AIDS-related stigma would be ls strongly associated wh prejudice-based aggrsn toward gay men and lbians among Black men than among Whe Prent StudyGiven the intified gaps the lerature, the purpose of this study was (1) to exame the associatn between AIDS-related stigma and aggrsn toward gay men and lbians and (2) to exame two theoretilly-based morators (race, prr ntact) of this associatn while ntrollg for sexual prejudice. Specifilly, the associatn between AIDS-related stigma and aggrsn toward gay men and lbians was expected to be signifintly more posive among Whe men wh no prr ntact wh gay men and lbians than among Whe men who have had prr ntact wh gay men and lbians and Black men regardls of prr ntact.

Stigma enacted by non-heterosexual men toward gay men and lbians may be motivated by ternalized AIDS-related (Lee, Kochman, & Sikkema, 2002) or sexual (Herek, Gillis, & Cogan, 2009) stigma turned ward and directed at other non-heterosexuals. Also, women were exclud bee, pared to men, they report lower levels of sexual prejudice and are ls likely to engage anti-gay and lbian aggrsn (Baker & Fishbe, 1998; Lim, 2002; NCAVP, 2009; Polimeni, Hardie, & Buzwell, 2000; Whley & Ke, 1995).