Robert E Gould article on homosexualy; c recent cisn by Amer Psychiatric Assn to remove homosexualy om tegory of mental illns; revs Sigmund Frd's theory of homosexualy, based on 'verted Oedipal plex'; says Frd viewed homosexualy as sentially ed by nstutnal factors and also as a perversn; summariz theori of homosexualy by Edmund Bergler, Irvg Bieber, Charl Soris, Lawrence Hatterer, Lnel Ovey, Clara Thompson, Judd Marmor, June Hopks, Evelyn Hooker and the Wolfenn group GB; not many fdgs have not been nfirmed other labs and some s have been refuted; revs theori on female homosexualty by Frank Capr, Helen Dtsch, Cathere Ban and Clara Thompson; article qutns how psychiatrists, who see only small number of 'disturbed' homosexuals, n reach nclns about all homosexuals, when vast majory do not e for treatment and appear to be livg well-adjted liv; not that few studi parg nonpatient homosexuals and nonpatient heterosexuals have not borne out theory that homosexuals are sick or even different, except for their sexual preferenc; scrib 3 'typ' of homosexuals as those whose homosexualy reflects mental disturbance, those whose homosexualy is not related to psychiatric problem and those homosexuals who live happy, productive liv; ments on physil heterosexual matg as opposed to homosexual matg; ill of gay upl, Natl Gay Task Force dir Ron Gold, Dr Howard Brown and newly married gay uple
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WHY ARE PEOPLE GAY? GAY BY CHOICE OR IS BEG GAY GEIC?
A gay man and a lbian share their experienc of so-lled "gay nversn therapy" Jordan. * is being gay a sickness *
AbstractThe Amerin Psychiatric Associatn and the Amerin Psychologil Associatn have suggted for many years now that there is signifint empiril evince supportg the claim that homosexualy is a normal variant of human sexual orientatn as opposed to a mental disorr. The accatn of g outdated material and viatg to realms beyond the spe of one's expertise impli two thgs; first, impli that there actually is rmatn that is more up-to-date than what the nun prented on the topic of homosexualy, and sendly impli that there are credible experts who are more qualified to teach or speak on the topic of homosexualy.
Hence, is necsary to provi a summary and analysis of that purported up-to-date scientific evince which supports the claim that homosexualy is not a mental two groups that are typilly emed thorative and credible experts on mental disorrs the Uned Stat are the Amerin Psychologil Associatn (APA) and the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn; th, I will prent their stanc on homosexualy and then analyze the “scientific evince” that they claim supports their stanc. As a rult of their ficienci, the credibily of the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn and the APA, at least their claims regardg human sexualy, is lled to Amerin Psychologil Associatn and the Amerin Psychiatric AssociatnI will beg by scribg the APA and the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn, and I will then prent their stanc on the topic of homosexualy. Dog so will provi more evince of the stance of both the APA and the Amerin Psychiatric Two Associatns’ Stance on HomosexualyThe APA wr:Same-sex sexual attractns, behavr, and orientatns per se are normal and posive variants of human sexualy— other words, they do not dite eher mental or velopmental disorrs.
GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN'S HEALTH ISSU
Why are people gay? Are they gay by choice or is beg gay geic? Are they born gay? Learn about the and reasons for beg gay. * is being gay a sickness *
2009, 15) Brief of Amici Curiae for both the APA and the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn siar language:Des of rearch and clil experience have led all mastream mental health anizatns this untry to the ncln that homosexualy is a normal form of human sexualy.
(Brief of Amici Curiae 2003, 1)Hence, the basic stance of the APA and the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn is that homosexualy is not a mental disorr but is rather a normal form of human sexualy, and they propose that their stance is based on signifint scientific evince. )Aled KseyThe APA Task Force document proceeds by cg two books wrten by Aled Ksey 1948 and 1953 (Sexual Behavr the Human Male and Sexual Behavr the Human Female):At the same time that the pathologizg views of homosexualy Amerin psychiatry and psychology were beg dified, untervailg evince was accumulatg that this stigmatizg view was ill found. 2009, 22)Implied that statement is a “normaly” of the sexual behavrs, specifilly homosexualy, on the ntuum; for a study to be ced as “untervailg evince” of the claim that homosexualy is abnormal, the study mt suggt that homosexualy is normal.
(Ksey and Pomeroy 1948, emphasis add)In regards to homosexualy, Ksey (and the APA thors) nclus that bee some people experience sexual attractn to the same genr, then tomatilly follows that there is a normal ntuum of sexual attractns. Therefore, there is a normal variatn (or a normal “ntuum”) of sexual replacg homosexualy wh the exampl of body tegry inty disorr and self-harm/self-mutilatn Aled Ksey's and the APA's argument (that is, if we follow the logic of Ksey and the APA) the argument would be as follows:. Ford and Beach also “pot out that among non-human primat both mal and femal engage homosexual activy” (Gentile and Miller 2009), the APA thors suggt that bee two rearchers 1951 found that homosexual sex is observed some humans and animals then the ncln follows that there is “nothg unnatural about .
Unrstand health ncerns for gay men and other men who have sex wh men, and learn how to promote good health. * is being gay a sickness *
Hooker found, among other thgs, that based on three projective measur (the Thematic Apperceptn Tt, the Make-a-Picture Story tt, and the Rorschach), the homosexual men were parable to their matched heterosexual peers on ratgs of adjtment. Evelyn Hooker admistered a battery of standard psychologil tts to homosexual and heterosexual men who were matched for age, IQ, and tn … She nclud om her data that homosexualy is not herently associated wh psychopathology and that “homosexualy as a clil enty do not exist. In Hooker's study, the endpot measured was the “adjtment” of homosexuals and heterosexuals, and Hooker claimed that the adjtment measured for homosexuals and heterosexuals was siar; she do not, however, outright fe that term “adjtment.
My foc for this paper is the irrelevant endpot—“adjtment”—ed by Hooker as scientific evince supportg the claim that homosexualy is normal; I foc on that endpot bee as of 2014 “adjtment” is still the endpot ced by the major associatns as scientific evince supportg the claim that homosexualy is a “normal variatn of human sexual orientatn. 2009, 23, emphasis add)That last le which I emphasized is extremely important; the “newly veloped measur” pared the “adaptatn” and abily to functn society homosexuals and heterosexuals and ed the parison to support the ncln that homosexualy is not a disorr.
It me across my attentn that one of today’s hottt TV drama seri is “My Hband’s Lover” over at GMA channel 7. It’s the story of two gay lovers where one is heterosexually married. Millns of Filipos around the world watch this trigug h seri, which somehow giv them an si look of the secret life of homosexualy." name="Dcriptn * is being gay a sickness *
Furthermore, Gonsrek suggts that “The only relevant issue is whether any well-adjted homosexuals exist at all” (Gonsrek 1991, 119–20) andWhether homosexualy per se is or is not pathologil and ditive of psychologil disturbance is easily answered. Gonsrek impli that if sexual orientatn is “related” to psychologil adjtment, then one uld nsir homosexually cled people to be mentally disorred; if, however, there is no difference adjtment measurements of heterosexuals and homosexuals, then (acrdg to Gonsrek) homosexualy is not a mental disorr. Texas filed by the APA and the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn also c Gonsrek's review as scientific evince which supports the claim that “homosexualy is not related to psychopathology or social maladjtment” (Brief of Amici Curiae 2003, 11).
The brief then offers a few more catns of scientific evince supportg that claim; one article ced is a review study om 1978 which also looked at “adjtment” and “nclus that fdgs to date have not monstrated that the homosexual dividual is any ls psychologilly adjted than his heterosexual unterpart” (Hart et al. ” Gonsrek claims that bee homosexuals are siar to heterosexuals measur of prsn, self-teem, relatnship disrd, and sexual disrd, tomatilly follows that homosexualy is not a disorr, as he not: “The general ncln is clear: The studi overwhelmgly suggt that homosexualy per se is not related to psychopathology or psychologil adjtment” (Gonsrek 1991, 115–36). Hence, there are multiple mental disorrs which measurg adjtment has no relevance whatsoever to the mental disorr; this is a major ficiency the lerature ed as scientific evince to support the ncln that homosexualy is not a mental is a signifint fdg, although I am not the first to mentn the problem wh diagnosg mental disorrs by lookg at distrs, social functng, or other endpots that are clud unr the terms “adjtment” and “adaptatn.
” So, the homosexualy-is-not-a-mental-disorr claim is based on a meangls (and outdated) Irvg Bieber, “one of the key participants the historic bate which culmated the 1973 cisn to remove homosexualy om the psychiatric manual” (NARTH Instute n.
Rearch has shown that the followg are some of the most mon health ncerns faced by gay and bisexual men. * is being gay a sickness *
Ronald Bayer summarized the events surroundg the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn's (1973) cisn by notg that Spzer'srtricted fn of mental disorrs, articulated after he had cid that homosexualy had been appropriately classified, entailed two elements: For a behavr to be termed a psychiatric disorr, had to be regularly acpanied by subjective distrs and/or “some generalized impairment social effectivens or functng. In orr to be nsistent wh their logic ed to normalize homosexualy, they mt normalize all other sexual actns that stimulate one to the pot of asm that do not e bad measurements of “adjtment” or rult impaired social functng; is te that they also allow a diagnosis of a sexual disorr if a viance “harm” to another, but that is only if there is lack of nsent. Unfortunately, fatally flawed reasong has served as the basis for “rigoro” and “scientific evince” supportg the claim that homosexualy is not a mental disorr but is rather a normal variant of human sexual nnot nclu (wh Aled Ksey) that a human behavr is normal simply bee is more mon than prevly assumed—otherwise all human behavrs, cludg serial killg, would have to be nsired normal.