This is Who We Are: Buildg Communy for HIV Preventn wh Young Gay and Bisexual Men Beit, Lebanon - PMC

Contents:

• GAY PUB BEIT
• GAY NIGHTLIFE BEIT
• MEET 'THE FIRST AND ONLY GAY TOUR GUI THE ARAB MIDDLE EAST'
• GAY SPORT BAR BEIT
• GAY BARS BEIT - BEIT FOM
• GAY AND GAY-IENDLY HOTELS BEIT
• GAY BEIT
• BEIT GAY PRI EVENT A FIRST FOR LEBANON
• THIS IS WHO WE ARE: BUILDG COMMUNY FOR HIV PREVENTN WH YOUNG GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN BEIT, LEBANON
• BEIT GAY RTRANT
• BEIT GAY BARS

GAY PUB BEIT

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”His Aleppo is a liberal wonrland, a place where men n get on wh other men the public baths and a gay tour group n rent out a whole hotel wh no problems. And this is jt the latt example of how his work, like me, is always domated by polics, bee how n be otherwise when he is a gay man takg groups of other gay men on tours around the Middle East? It’s the only untry the Arab world where homosexualy is unambiguoly legal, but he tells me, spe that, s social norms make a ls tolerant place than both Lebanon and Syria.

GAY NIGHTLIFE BEIT

“Bad vers worse, ” as Bertho puts the hundreds of thoands of Syrians who have fled to Lebanon to pe the nflict are gay men who have watched their once tolerant untry cmble around them. Egypt’s laws on homosexualy are far more dranian than Lebanon’s; there you n end up jail, beg forcefully admistered wh hormone jectns, if you are disvered to be actively gay and the thori ci that you need "curg" he also sensed a new revolutnary mood the air. ”Follow Hannah on Twter: @hannahluciMore LGBT stori om the Middle East:A New Film Explor the Gay Relatnship Between an Israeli and a PaltianGay Paltians Are Beg Blackmailed Into Workg As Informants.

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A Gay Sport Bar Beit type place is ually hard to lote unls you look by means of the list of ems beneath at is certaly absolutely nothg greater than gettg a enjoyable and excg, high qualy gay club wherever you uld possibly be that uld reta you by around the weekends.

MEET 'THE FIRST AND ONLY GAY TOUR GUI THE ARAB MIDDLE EAST'

Competive pric - Gay-owned bs - Support for LGBTQ+ NGOsmost bookedcheaptmisterb&b munyAcrdg to human rights and LGBTQ+ anizatns, sexual orientatn and genr inty are crimalized/margalized this statn. In this part of the Arab world few plac offer even the relative eedom om fear and persecutn still found her - but then gay men have never walked hand hand down Hamra Street eher. Gay people n hang out together chic f, de at trendy rtrants, or dance at hip clubs whout fear of beg harassed by the police, but sexual meetg plac like bathho and cisg areas are more dangero.

GAY SPORT BAR BEIT

Yunkun Club, still known for s ternatnal crowd and unrground mic scene, did have Gutter gay dance party nights, but like so much of the gay scene the end 2014. Mawaleh, the first and only gay magaze neighborg Syria, was published 2012 - 2015 by Sami Hamwi "a Syrian gay guy, " documentg the stggl of LGBTQ people the face of that natn's scent to hell.

GAY BARS BEIT - BEIT FOM

See Proud Lebanon for rmatn about their volunteers' work to help gay Syrian refuge Beit, often victims of torture and extortn by both sis that untry's civil war. LebTour, the LGBT travel service and tour gui, found 2005, wh adventure tours for gay men, once the bt lol rource of s kd, has closed and disappeared om the web. Instead of the ual gay pri paras seen the Wt, Beit Pri will clu an exhibn on genr fluidy fashn as well as a storytellg get-together centered on g-out stori and a gay-themed party one of the Middle East’s biggt night clubs.

Published fal eded form as:PMCID: PMC5857392NIHMSID: NIHMS904558AbstractYoung gay men Beit are at signifintly elevated risk of HIV fectn pared to the general Lebane populatn.

Analys revealed three major them (1) the need for safe spac which to socialise, (2) the importance of beg able to lote and nnect wh other young gay men, and (3) ambivalence regardg a gay muny that was supportive some ways but also agmented and often judgemental.

GAY AND GAY-IENDLY HOTELS BEIT

Keywords: young gay men, gay muny, HIV preventn, Beit, LebanonIntroductnThe HIV epimic Beit remas primarily ncentrated wh certa subpopulatns (Mahfoud et al. This trend may crease vulnerabily to HIV throughout Beit’s gay muny, as US-based rearch shows that unprotected anal terurse between men is more equent wh sexual partners met onle (Rosser et al. There is prently no prehensive HIV preventn programmg signed for young gay men Beit or elsewhere the regn, spe of growg ncern about HIV risk this theoretil amework is rmed by work that monstrat a lk between gay muny mobilisatn HIV preventn work (Altman 1994), argug that meangful volvement of muny members is a necsary element the velopment of effective rpons to the HIV panmic amongst gay men.

Studi of young gay men other regns have found that availabily of safe spac, relative visibily of young gay men, and muny hn and support may be important factors to addrs (Hays, Rebchook and Kegel 2003; Mutchler 2000).

However, very ltle rearch has examed muny dynamics that may be key to implementg muny level HIV preventn terventns wh young gay men recent s, the troductn of a number of socially progrsive stutns, such as the first gay rights anisatn the Arab world and a number of gay-iendly venu (e. As recently as 2006, McCormick noted nsirable scepticism among gay men Beit about whether the existg venu and activi nstuted a muny at all (McCormick 2006).

GAY BEIT

Our aim is to better unrstand issu such as the orr to support culturally-ngent muny-based HIV preventn Beit, and our overarchg rearch qutn is: What key dynamics fluence the procs of buildg and stag a muny of gay and bisexual men Beit?

MethodsWe nducted peer ethnography and foc groups to ga an sirs’ perspective on how young gay men Beit talk wh peers about sexual health issu, gay and bisexual muny engagement, and ias for muny-based HIV preventn programm. We selected dividuals who socialise equently wh young gay men ag 18–29, and traed them to llect field not g methods of participant observatn (Atkson and Hammersley 1994).

The ethnographers were stcted to document any public nversatns they engaged or overheard between young gay men Beit that were related to sexual health or experienc wh the lol gay and bisexual muny.

BEIT GAY PRI EVENT A FIRST FOR LEBANON

Many also noted the importance of support om other gay and bisexual men, and proposed numero muny activi geared to fosterg bonds between members of different Importance of Safe SpacOne of the them participants emphasised most was the importance accs to safe spac where gay and bisexual men uld socialise whout fear of beg sctised or targeted by homophobic people or stutns. There was also a sense that non-gay-intified public spac, overtly gay behavur—such as holdg hands wh a person of the same genr—meant riskg asslt or legal persecutn.

Diverse settgs and activi Field not and foc groups picted gay and bisexual men teractg a diverse array of settgs such as nightclubs, bars, fés, and rtrants.

THIS IS WHO WE ARE: BUILDG COMMUNY FOR HIV PREVENTN WH YOUNG GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN BEIT, LEBANON

The gatherg was full of lghs and the guys were mockg others or as we say Arabic, ‘shakher, ’ which is a creative art where you femize gay guys a funny way. (Gee – Field Note 2)Limatns on nnectg public and private spac While not portrayed a vibrant gay muny, they also revealed limatns accs to safe public settgs. One add that while he was ‘fortable beg gay, ’ the realy was that ‘you nnot live eely wh your sexualy [ Beit]’ and displays of affectn, such as holdg hands or kissg, were risky public spac.

One timated that ‘75% if not more of Lebane gay guys don’t have their own place, as is cultural to live wh our fay until we are married, ’ notg that he had met men for renzvo dangero settgs, such as serted buildgs.

I thk ’s important to create a place where people n e and be wh people who unrstand them and feel accepted… Growg up was hard to fd other gay men, or to feel belongg to a place, pecially on social media. (Foc Group 2 – Age 25–29)Fdg Each Other: Balancg Safety wh VisibilyAnother theme was that gay men are beg creasgly visible to each other—better able to lote and intify each other, not only by visg gay-intified venu, or through iends, but also onle. This was juxtaposed wh the limed visibily of ‘discreet’ men, who were scribed as existg on the margs of the gay muny, not disclosg their sexual orientatn even to other sexual mori, orr to avoid stigmatisatn.

BEIT GAY RTRANT

As found a qualative study of Turkish gay men, prevalent hegemonic norms for masculy may prevent gay men om acceptg who they are, leadg to ternalised stigma (Eslen-Ziya and Koc 2016). Increasg visibily of gay men and exposure to posive gay intifitn may help young gay men Beit velop their own posive sense of gay inty (Koc and Vignol 2016).

Gradually creasg visibily Many participants noted an overall crease public openns over the past several years among a certa portn of gay men Beit, where creasg numbers of men ‘are more nfint to e out as gay. (Foc Group 2 – Age 25–29)Importantly, this sense of creasg openns was seen as limed to certa areas of Beit, a cy where ‘if you know how to fd the plac where you n be ee, there are a lot of gay iendly plac. Furthermore, participants also scribed a subset of gay men as ‘discreet, ’ meang that addn to not disclosg to fay, they had not e out to other members of the lol LGBT muny.

BEIT GAY BARS

Fdg each other through smartphone apps Many participants noted how the procs of nnectg wh other gay men creasgly occurs through smartphone apps, which have bee so popular that some felt they have supersed efforts to meet -person.