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grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p>The 1999 Electronic Entertament Expo, or E3, a vio-game nference held Los Angel, California, was a typilly lavish, if bawdy, affair. Here, for three days, the world’s vio-game publishers gathered to show off their forthg tl to prs and to purchasers an overstimulatg marketg circ. David Bowie performed at one of the nference’s orbg parti that week, and Bill Goldberg and some other glisteng-skned wrtlers grappled one another a ctom-built rg on the publisher E.A.’s gargantuan booth. Away om the actn of s ma stage, E.A. had statned a humble area advertisg The Sims, an amb social-simulatn project that almost nobody outsi of s velopment team believed .</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">For E.A., The Sims, the latt om <a href=">Will Wright</a>, the celebrated signer of 1989’s cy-planng game SimCy, was a legacy project, hered when the pany purchased s velopment stud, Maxis. The game had been stammerg velopment sce 1993, when Wright first had the ia for a simulatn that would mol human behavr, not om the bird’s-eye viewpot of his earlier game but om the ground zero of domticy. But replitg the mundane dramas of the livg room game form had proven to be a tall challenge: The Sims was almost abandoned numero tim. “We all knew that if we uldn’t generate any tert at E3 that year, then the game would be ncelled for good,” Patrick J. Barrett III, one of the game’s programmers, told me. “E.A. did nothg to help . They hid away. The game wasn’t even displayed on the large screen wh the other tle’s trailers.” But, wh hours, an unplanned, illic kiss between two of the game’s background characters ma The Sims the talk of the show.</p><p class="paywall">Durg The Sims’s protracted velopment, the team had bated whether to perm same-sex relatnships the game. If this digal petri dish was to accurately mol all aspects of human life, om work to play and love, was natural that would facilate gay relatnships. But there was also fear about how such a feature might adversely affect the game. “No other game had facilated same-sex relatnships before—at least, to this extent—and some people figured that maybe we weren’t the ial on to be first, as this was a game that E.A. really didn’t want to beg wh,” Barret told me. “It felt to me like a fear thg.” After gog back and forth for several months, the team fally cid to leave same-sex relatnships out of the game .</p><p class="paywall">When Barrett joed the pany, October, 1998, he was unaware of the cisn. A fortnight to his new job, he found himself wh nothg to do when his supervisor, the game’s lead programmer, Jamie Doornbos, took a short vatn. Jim Mackraz, Barrett’s boss, need a task to occupy his new employee, and he hand Barrett a document that outled how social teractns the game would work; the unrlyg l for the game’s A.I. that would dictate how the characters would dynamilly teract wh one another. “He didn’t thk I uld handle wh Jamie off on vatn, but he figured that at least I’d be out of his hair,” Barrett told me. “Neher he nor I realized that he’d given me an old sign document to work om.”</p><p class="paywall">That sign document predated the cisn to exclu gay relatnships the game. Its pag scribed a web of social teractns, which every kd of romantic relatnship was permted. That week, Barrett nfound the expectatns of his disbelievg boss. He succsfully wrote the basic for social teractns, cludg same-sex relatnships. “In hdsight, I probably should have qutned the sign,” Barrett, who is gay, said. “But the sign felt right, so I jt implemented . Later, Will Wright stopped by my sk,” Barrett said. “He told me that liked the social teractns, and that he was glad to see that same-sex support was back the game.” Nobody on the team qutned Barrett’s work. “They jt pretty much ignored ,” he said. “After a while, everyone was jt ed to the sign beg there. It was wily expected that E.A. would jt kill , anyway.”</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">In early 1999, before E.A. had a chance to kill the sign, Barrett was asked to create a mo of the game to be shown at E3. The mo would nsist of three scen om the game. The were to be so-lled on-rails scen—not a te, live simulatn but one that was preplanned, and which would shake out the same way each time was played, orr to show the game s bt light. One of the scen was a weddg between two Sims characters. “I had n out of time before E3, and there were so many Sims attendg the weddg that I didn’t have time to put them all on rails,” Barrett said.</p><p class="paywall">On the first day of the show, the game’s producers, Kana Ryan and Chris Trottier, watched disbelief as two of the female Sims attendg the virtual weddg leaned and began to passnately kiss. They had, durg the live simulatn, fallen love. Moreover, they had chosen this moment to exprs their affectn, ont of a live dience of assorted prs. Followg the kiss, talk of The Sims domated E3. “You might say that they stole the show,” Barrett said. “I gus straight guys that make sports gam loved the ia of ntrollg two lbians.”</p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">After The Sims’s succsful E3 showg, the game’s future seemed secure. But Barrett and his teammat had a new problem to solve: how to ci the sexual orientatn of dividual Sims. “If you created a hoehold wh two same-sex Sims, they would always bee gay jt om the fact they were around each other the most,” relled Barrett. “That’s when I me up wh the system that termed a Sim’s sexualy through er-directed actns.”</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><asi class="PersistentAsiWrapper-VGrR daRVRt persistent-asi" style="posn:absolute;top:to;height:to" data-ttid="PersistentAsiWrapper"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="tjzi4c"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></asi></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="gqn97o"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">In the game, players were able to teract wh Sims different ways, spirg them to take a bath, eat food, go outsi, and perform other actns. “Certa social teractns were tagged as romantic,” Barrett said. “The game kept track of whether the were performed by same-sex or oppose-sex Sims. The formula was a ltle more plited, but, over time, as a Sim veloped a relatnship, his or her preference was set.” If the player was reful, a Sim uld even bee bisexual. “The system worked so well that the same-sex support was visible and seamls. It is rare that somethg works exactly as you tend to. A lot of my other simulatns the game fell apart. This one worked perfectly. Once the team saw actn, they cid I uld keep same-sex support, and the topic didn’t e up aga.”</p><p class="paywall">The ostensibly ntroversial sign was, to a certa extent, protected by greater ncerns about the project. “E.A. was more worried that The Sims would flop and hurt the SimCy anchise,” said Barrett. “It was also a different time; people weren’t so vlently for or agast same-sex relatnships. They didn’t go out of the way to fd and react to . The right-wg prs didn’t have the platform they have today to scream. There was no Twter, no Facebook, no blogs. I kda hoped people would e at night wh pchforks and torch. But never happened.”</p><p class="paywall">The ntroversy me this year, when Ntendo released, the Wt, s Sims-que vio game Tomodachi Life, a game which same-sex relatnships are forbidn. Characters Tomodachi Life n bicker, flirt, fall love, marry, and move together. But, for many gay people, the game’s nial of same-sex relatnships reflected real-world systems that had been built to ny their liftyle and their blogy. The anger only tensified when Ntendo issued a statement sayg that “Tomodachi Life was tend to be a whimsil and quirky game,” and that was “not tryg to provi social mentary.”</p><p class="paywall">While Barrett oppos Ntendo’s cisn—a form of woundg social mentary regardls of whether the pany perceiv as such or not—he unrstands how the suatn arose. “On one hand, Ntendo is a fay-iendly pany wh a wholome image that they have mataed for s,” he told me. “On the other, their products are popular wh gay people. The pany was ught between the two, and tried to do s bt to flee the issue rather than addrs . I don’t thk they unrstand that fay iendly n clu gay people. Children don’t unrstand the ncept of gay any more than they do straight. I n’t see anyone else makg that mistake after this blew up so bad for Ntendo.”</p><p class="paywall">Ined, Barrett believ that the world has changed profound ways the fourteen years sce The Sims’s origal release. “At the time, wasn’t nsired ‘normal’ to be gay or lbian,” he said. “Some even saw as dangero. But The Sims was normal and safe to be a gay person. It was the first time we uld play a game and be ee to see ourselv reprented wh. It was a magil moment when my first same-sex Sims upled kissed. I still sometim wonr how the world I got away wh .”</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-2 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall"><em>A prev versn of this post misstated the release date of SimCy.</em></p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="6zkf2n"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 PaywallInleBarrierWhWrapperGrid-fyrGfS kLQIUk grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="body body__le-barrier article__body"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"><asi class="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper-iBnuqk lfXXa-D" data-ttid="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper"><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--paywall-le-barrier" role="prentatn" aria-live="pole" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--paywall-le-barrier"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></asi></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ContentWrapperGrid-fvkmBv brYtrA grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="body body__ntaer"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"></div></div></div></div></div></div></article><div class="ContentFooterWrapper-jVNdRG dTJkpP ArticlePageContentFooterGrid-ccsXYy eMZRHU article-body__footer"><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="ContributorsWrapper-eNpWFu GWFsc ntributors" data-ttid="Contributors"><div class="ContributorBWrapper-bnVHbt gMon"><div class="ContributorBAvatar-bIGTqf eMWbvj"><a href="/ntributors/simon-park"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW jvZaPI rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa rponsive-image"><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></picture></span></a></div><div class="ContributorBContent-ubQdr jZTSSi"><div class="ContributorBHear-ledood XOIEx"></div><div class="ContributorBB-fBolsO giFhKz"><a href="/ntributors/simon-park">Simon Park</a> is a ntributg wrer to The New Yorker. 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data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">In the sixti and seventi, the Sullivanian Instute had a wng sal pch for young New Yorkers: parti, sex, low rent, and affordable therapy.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Jsi Wter</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa 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class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">In Southeast Oklahoma, a father-son reportg duo’s seri on the unty sheriff led to an explosive revelatn.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Paige Williams</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left 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