The End of the Gay-Panic Legal Defense | The New Yorker

lucien carr gay

Do the John Krokidas film implicly fend a gay pedophile stalker?

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THE END OF THE GAY-PANIC LEGAL DEFENSE

While the terms improper advance or cent advance appeared queer crime stori the thirti, was the post–World War II years when such terms ed the prs and the urtroom me to embody the perceived threats of homosexuals on the home ont.

” The New York tabloids prented the teen as a helpls victim of a psychotic homosexual attack. ” The Daily News ntrasted the “d” exprsn on Carr’s “young face” agast the “33 year old former English teacher” who, Carr claimed, was “a homosexual.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* LUCIEN CARR GAY

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viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="luci luci-msage-circle"><path d="m3 21 1.9-5.7a8.5 8.5 0 1 1 3.8 3.8z"></path></svg></g></svg></a></div><div class="pencraft ontend-pencraft-Box-module__ret--VfQY8 ontend-pencraft-Box-module__display-flex--ZqeZt ontend-pencraft-Box-module__flex-gap-8--HFpIK"><a role="button" href="javascript:void(0)" class="post-ufi-button style-button no-in has-label wh-borr"><div class="label">Share</div></a></div></div></div></div><div class="visibily-check"></div><div class class><div class="available-ntent"><div dir="to" class="body markup"><p>Lucien Carr was born to a good life. His fay was wealthy. He was handsome and charismatic.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" Carr a su and tie.","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":te,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="Lucien Carr a su and tie." tle="Lucien Carr a su and tie." srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" fetchprry="high" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Lucien Carr</p><p>Though he grew up durg the Great Deprsn St. Louis, MO, a cy roilg wh unemployment and civil unrt, Carr’s fay was sulated.</p><p>They lived for a time near other moneyed fai the cy's Central Wt End neighborhood. Then the Carrs and other wealthy folks moved wt to St. Louis County.</p><p>And Lucien Carr received the opportuni expected for children of privilege, even 1930s Ameri. The opportuni clud extracurricular activi, one of which was the Boy Suts of Ameri.</p><p><strong>One of the lears for Carr's troop was a man named David Kammerer.</strong></p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" Kammerer","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="David Kammerer" tle="David Kammerer" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>David Kammerer</p><p>Kammerer, like Carr, was a St. Louis native om a well-to-do fay. He was a graduate of Washgton Universy where, after graduatn, he worked as an English stctor.</p><p>And Kammerer worked part-time as a unselor to the Sut troop that 12-year-old Lucien Carr joed.</p><p><strong>We don’t know how, when, or the exact nature of , but a relatnship veloped between Kammerer and Carr. </strong><span>It was a relatnship that would lead to a fatal ncln.</span></p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Lucien Carr and David Kammerer<div id="§lucien-rr-and-david-kammerer" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>In the summer of 1939, Lucien Carr’s mother, Marn, permted him to travel to Mexi wh 28-year-old David Kammerer. Carr was 14.</p><p>The duo vised Kammerer’s uncle Mexi Cy. They ro bicycl, attend a bullfight, and went horseback ridg.</p><p>And the relatnship between Kammerer and Carr grew. It was a relatnship that seemed to be supported by Marn, at least at first.</p><p>After all, Carr’s father, Rsell, abandoned the fay when Lucien was a toddler. So Marn may have seen David Kammerer a father figure for her youngt son.</p><p><span>But 1940, the year after Carr's and Kammerer's Mexi trip, Marn disvered letters Kammerer had wrten her son. </span><strong>Some claim that the letters ed Marn to want to separate her son om Kammerer.</strong></p><p>Perhaps that's why she enrolled Lucien boardg school Chigo. And, when that didn't work out, she sent him to Phillips Amy Andover, Mass.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":"" class="sizg-normal" alt tle srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Phillips Amy Andover, Mass.</p><p>But Kammerer was still the picture. When Carr board a tra St. Louis January 1940 to head to Andover, was Marn and Kammerer who saw him off.</p><p>Amilly, Lucien Carr did fe at Andover, but he stggled to f . The followg year he returned to St. Louis, attendg a prep school there for his senr year of high school.</p><p>After graduatg, Carr went the summer of 1942 to Bowdo College Mae.</p><p>But wh weeks of arrivg, Carr was twice brought before a disciplary mtee. After his send appearance before the mtee, Carr voluntarily left the school.</p><p><strong>And who was that showed up a r to drive Carr back to St. Louis? David Kammerer.</strong></p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Lucien Carr Bounc Around<div id="§lucien-rr-bounc-around" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>Lucien Carr's next stop, 1943, was the Universy of Chigo.</p><p>Someone else moved to Chigo at the same time as Carr: David Kammerer.</p><p>Carr's time Chigo, however, didn't last long. One day, he turned on a gas oven and placed his head si. He lived and sisted that the stunt was an art project, not a suici attempt.</p><p>Still, Carr was sent to a psychiatric hospal. He spent a month there.</p><p><strong>When Carr got out, his mother, Marn, enrolled him at Columbia Universy New York Cy.</strong><span> She had moved om St. Louis to New York, and she wanted to keep her troubled son close to her.</span></p><p>And gus who else reloted to New York? Yep, David Kammerer.</p><p>This move, though, would be David Kammerer's last.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">A Fortuo Meetg<div id="§a-fortuo-meetg" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>It didn't take Lucien Carr long to ga a reputatn at Columbia Universy. His language was vulgar and his antics wild and outrageo.</p><p>But Carr was also talented. He did well a class tght by Lnel Trillg and imprsed his peers wh his telligence.</p><p>One of Carr's profsors lled him "fely a superr stunt."</p><p>And Carr ma iends.</p><p>One day, Carr was his dorm room listeng to a rerd of a Johann Brahms posn when there was a knock on his door. Openg , that's how Carr met another Columbia stunt named Allen Gsberg.</p><p><strong>Gsberg and Carr beme iends.</strong></p><p>Carr troduced Gsberg to a guy he knew om his St. Louis days: William S. Burroughs. And was around this time that Carr met a Columbia Universy dropout named Jack Kerouac.</p><p><strong>The four young men, Carr, Gsberg, Burroughs, and Kerouac, formed a close group.</strong><span> Someone, though, was on the outsi lookg .</span></p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Formg the Beats<div id="§formg-the-beats" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>Lucien Carr and William S. Burroughs both knew David Kammerer om St. Louis.</p><p>They troduced Kammerer to their iends Jack Kerouac and Allen Gsberg.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" Kerouac standg next to Lucien Carr.","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="Jack Kerouac standg next to Lucien Carr." tle="Jack Kerouac standg next to Lucien Carr." srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Jack Kerouac (left) and Lucien Carr</p><p><span>But Kammerer didn't f . He had ltle money and often asked Carr for fancial support. </span><strong>And his fatuatn wh Carr grew. This ma Kerouac, Gsberg, and Burroughs unfortable</strong><span>.</span></p><p>For one thg, was 26 years before the Stonewall Rts started the gay rights movement Ameri. Also, Carr had a girliend.</p><p><strong>And, by all acunts, Kammerer was engagg behavr that today we ll stalkg.</strong><span> For example, Kammerer was ught after sneakg to Carr's room to watch him sleep.</span></p><p>While Kammerer stayed on the ge of the foursome, Carr, Burroughs, Gsberg, and Kerouac spent a lot of time together.</p><p>Carr and Gsberg beme roommat. And the group drank together at the Wt End, a popular bar near Columbia Universy's mp.</p><p>Ined, the Wt End Bar was the settg for what would be David Kammerer's fal act.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Missg the Boat<div id="§missg-the-boat" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>Throughout the summer of 1944, Jack Kerouac and Lucien Carr me up wh a plan: They would jo a U.S. Merchant Mare ship bound for France.</p><p>The ia was to walk across France wh Kerouac pretendg to be French and Carr pretendg to be his af-mute iend.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" storeont where the Wt End Bar ed to operate Manhattan's Upper Wt Si.","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="The storeont where the Wt End Bar ed to operate Manhattan's Upper Wt Si." tle="The storeont where the Wt End Bar ed to operate Manhattan's Upper Wt Si." srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>This is where the Wt End Bar operated Manhattan's Upper Wt Si om 1911-2014.</p><p><strong>But on the night of Aug. 13, Carr and Kerouac got dnk and missed their boat.</strong><span> Instead of sailg to France, they head to the Wt End Bar to ntue drkg.</span></p><p>Around midnight, Kerouac left to go home. Between the bar and his apartment, Kerouac bumped to David Kammerer.</p><p>Kammerer asked about Carr, and Kerouac said he was still at the Wt End.</p><p><strong>Kammerer found Carr at the Wt End, and the two drank there until 2 a.m.</strong></p><p>The men then walked to nearby Riversi Park. They laid on a grassy embankment at the end of Wt 115th Street.</p><p>And that's when thgs took a adly turn.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Lucien Carr Comms Murr<div id="§lucien-rr-ms-murr" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>Lucien Carr and David Kamerer were lyg on the grass Manhattan's Riversi Park. It was around 3 a.m. on Aug. 14, 1944.</p><p>Both men had been drkg. Then, acrdg to Carr, Kammerer ma a sexual advance. Carr said he rejected Kammerer and the two started fightg.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" om Bidwell Hollow: \"Next, Carr turned to his iends for help.\"","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="Quote om Bidwell Hollow: "Next, Carr turned to his iends for help."" tle="Quote om Bidwell Hollow: "Next, Carr turned to his iends for help."" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Carr, who weight about 40 pounds ls than Kammerer, was losg the stggle. That's when he pulled a Boy Suts of Ameri knife he'd had sce he was a kid.</p><p><strong>Carr stabbed Kammerer twice the cht.</strong></p><p>Then Carr rolled Kammerer's body down the hill to the banks of the Hudson River. He ed the lac of Kammerer's sho to bd the ad man's hands and feet.</p><p>He ed Kammerer's belt to fasten the victim's arms to the body. And, workg quickly, Carr shoved small rocks to Kammerer's pant pockets and clothg.</p><p>Carr then phed Kammerer's body to the Hudson River.</p><p>Next, Carr turned to his iends for help.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Hi the Evince<div id="§hi-the-evince" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>After killg David Kammerer, Lucien Carr htled to Jack Kerouac's apartment.</p><p>Kerouac and Carr then went to Morngsi Park. There Carr buried Kammerer's eyeglass a shallow hand-dug hole. And Carr dropped his knife, the murr weapon, a subway grate.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" edge of Columbia Universy's mp and Morngsi Park New York Cy.","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="The edge of Columbia Universy's mp and Morngsi Park New York Cy." tle="The edge of Columbia Universy's mp and Morngsi Park New York Cy." srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Where Columbia Universy's mp and Morngsi Park meet.</p><p>Next, Carr and Kerouac found William S. Burroughs. Burroughs enuraged Carr to turn himself by claimg he acted self fense.</p><p><strong>Durg the day on Aug. 14, Lucien Carr and his attorney arrived at the New York County District Attorney's office. Carr then nfsed to killg David Kammerer.</strong></p><p>But took two days before officials charged Carr for murr.</p><p>At first, they didn't know if Carr was tellg the tth about killg Kammerer. The victim's body hadn't been revered. And there was ltle addnal evince that Carr had killed anyone.</p><p>But on Aug. 16, a body was pulled out of the Hudson River.</p><p>Carr intified as beg Kammerer's. And Carr showed thori where he buried Kammerer's glass Morngsi Park.</p><p>Carr was then arrted and charged wh send-gree murr.</p><p>Also arrted as a material wns was Jack Kerouac. And, on Aug. 24, William S. Burroughs was taken to ctody as well for beg a material wns.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Chance for Reform<div id="§chance-for-reform" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>Burroughs and Kerouac were released on bail. Carr was not.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" Carr at his arraignment.","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="Lucien Carr at his arraignment." tle="Lucien Carr at his arraignment." srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Lucien Carr at his arraignment. Photo cred: The New York Tim</p><p><span>Instead, Carr went to Bellevue Hospal for a psychiatric evaluatn. He clutched a py of W. B. Yeats's </span><em>A Visn</em><span> durg his arraignment.</span></p><p><strong>And then, on Oct. 6, 1944, Carr plead guilty to first-gree manslghter.</strong></p><p>Authori never revered the murr weapon. Bee of this, the assistant district attorney didn't thk he uld nvict Carr of send-gree murr.</p><p><span>The judge the se sentenced Carr to Elmira Reformatory stead of Sg Sg prison. </span><strong>The judge explaed that he felt Carr uld bee a productive member of society, but that would be ls likely if he were around the harned crimals of Sg Sg.</strong></p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href="//;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="//;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 424w, //;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 848w, //;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 1272w, //;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src="//;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US" data-attrs="{"src":"//;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":null,"width":null,"rizeWidth":null,"byt":null,"alt":"","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt tle srcset="//;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 424w, //;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 848w, //;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 1272w, //;ASIN=0802126499&Format=_SL250_&ID=AsImage&MarketPlace=US&ServiceVersn=20070822&WS=1&tag=bidwellhollow-20&language=en_US 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Paid lk</p><p>In readg news verage om the time of the murr, 's easy to see that Kammerer's reputatn as a homosexual ma him a ls sympathetic victim. And Carr's claim that Kammerer ma a sexual advance toward him may have ntributed to the light sentence that Carr received.</p><p>Viewed our current time, 's difficult to not see Carr's explanatn for the murr as gay "panic" fense.</p><p>Still, there's evince that Kammerer stalked Carr. The olr man may even have had a predatory relatnship wh Carr, stemmg om when Carr was a teenager.</p><p>We'll probably never know exactly what happened between Kammerer and Carr. But we do know where the Beats went after Kammerer's ath.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">The Beats Move On<div id="§the-beats-move-on" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>After servg 18 months a reformatory for killg David Kammerer, Lucien Carr beme a py boy for Uned Prs news wire service.</p><p><strong>Carr worked there until retirg 1993, eventually risg to lead the service's news sk.</strong><span> He avoid the spotlight for the rt of his life.</span></p><p>And Carr kept touch wh his iends, a group who me to be known as the Beats.</p><p>When he first published his popular poem "Howl," Gsberg dited to Carr. He removed the ditn future publishgs, though, at Carr's requt.</p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" ditn page for \"Howl\" by Allen Gsberg, showg a ditn to Lucien Carr.","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="The ditn page for "Howl" by Allen Gsberg, showg a ditn to Lucien Carr." tle="The ditn page for "Howl" by Allen Gsberg, showg a ditn to Lucien Carr." srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Early edn of "Howl" by Allen Gsberg, showg the ditn to Lucien Carr.</p><p><span>Jack Kerouac beme a famo thor, particularly for his book, </span><em>On the Road</em><span>.</span></p><p><span>William S. Burroughs produced a large body of lerary work. His bt-known novel is </span><em>Naked Lunch</em><span>.</span></p><p><strong>Burroughs and Kerouac -wrote a mancript based on their experience wh Carr's killg of David Kammerer.</strong><span> They never published the story, perhaps to rpect Carr's wish.</span></p><p><span>That changed 2008 when </span><em>And the Hippos Were Boiled Their Tanks</em><span> was published.</span></p><p>And, 2013, David Kammerer's killg received renewed attentn wh the release of the film, "Kill Your Darlgs." Starrg Michael C. Hall and Daniel Radcliffe, the movie prents a dramatized versn of David Kammerer's killg.</p><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Lucien Carr, a Lerary Ln<div id="§lucien-rr-a-lerary-ln" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><p>It's impossible to measure the impact Lucien Carr had on the Beats.</p><p><strong>But all available evince mak the se that whout Carr, we would never have had the Beats.</strong></p><a class="image-lk image2" target="_blank" href=" data-ponent-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-set"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" /><img src=" data-attrs="{"src":" Gsberg","tle":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":te,"topImage":false,"ternalRedirect":null}" class="sizg-normal" alt="Allen Gsberg" tle="Allen Gsberg" srcset=" 424w, 848w, 1272w, 1456w" siz="100vw" loadg="lazy" /></picture><div></div></div></a><p>Allen Gsberg</p><p>It was Carr who troduced Allen Gsberg to the works of Arthur Rimbd, whose wrg greatly fluenced Gsberg. It's through Carr that Gsberg, Kerouac, and Burroughs met Neal Cassady, who beme a proment member of the Beats.</p><p><span>And Carr supplied Kerouac wh the scroll of paper on which the latter wrote the first draft of </span><em>On the Road</em><span>. Carr was the mancript's first rear, too.</span></p><p>Gsberg said about Carr, "Lou was the glue."</p><p><strong>And The New York Tim obuary for Carr lled him "a lerary ln who never roared."</strong></p><div><hr /></div><p><em>Disclosure: Bidwell Hollow is an Amazon affiliate, which means Bidwell Hollow earns a small missn anytime you buy somethg on after clickg a paid lk. The ty amount of money Bidwell Hollow receiv helps make this webse possible. Thank you!</em></p><div><hr /></div><h2 class="hear-wh-anchor-widget">Sourc for Lucien Carr: Murr and the Beats New York Cy<div id="§sourc-for-lucien-rr-murr-and-the-beats--new-york-cy" class="hear-anchor-widget offset-top"><div class="hear-anchor-widget-button-ntaer"><div href=" class="hear-anchor-widget-button"><svg xmlns=" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-lep="round" stroke-lejo="round" class="hear-anchor-widget-in"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h2><ul><li><p><span>“Newsman Lucien Car Di at 79.” Mart Weil. The Washgton Post. Jan. 29, 2005. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>“Lucien Carr.” Eric Homberger. The Guardian. Feb. 8, 2005. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>“Lucien Carr, 79; Catalyst, Me for Beat Wrers.” Myrna Oliver. Los Angel Tim. Jan. 30, 2005. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Lucien Carr, a Founr and a Me of the Beat Generatn, Di at 79." Wilborn Hampton. The New York Tim. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Where Death Shaped the Beats." David J. Krajicek. The New York Tim. April 5, 2012. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Two Edors Named by U.P.I." The New York Tim. Feb. 18, 1984. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><em>Unrstandg Tman Capote</em><span>. Thomas Fahy. The Universy of South Carola Prs. 2014. Vis.</span></p></li><li><p><span>"The Last Beat." David J. Krajicek. Columbia Magaze. Wter 2012. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Kammerer, Carr, and an early Beat tragedy." David Sterrt. Oxford Universy Prs blog. July 26, 2013. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"The Tth Behd David Kammerer's Murr." Jennifer Bebe. Jan. 28, 2011. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"The St. Louis Clique: Burroughs, Kammerer, and Carr." Dt Griff. Journal of Beat Studi. Jan. 1, 2014. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Columbia Stunt Kills Friend and Sks Body Hudson River." Frank S. Adams. The New York Tim. Aug. 17, 1944. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Kammerer's Parents Proment." The New York Tim. Aug. 17, 1944. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Stunt Is Silent on Slayg Friend." The New York Tim. Aug. 18, 1944. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Stunt is Indicted on 2D-Degree Murr." The New York Tim. Aug. 25, 1944. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Stunt Slayer Sent to the Reformatory." The New York Tim. Oct. 7, 1944. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"When a Real-Life Killg Sent Two Future Beats Search of Their Voic." Michiko Kakutani. The New York Tim. Nov. 10, 2008. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><span>"Insi the Outsir." Chigo Tribune. Sep. 5, 1993. </span><a href=" rel>Vis</a></p></li><li><p><em>Amerin Scream: Allen Gsberg’s Howl and the Makg of a Beat Generatn</em><span>. Jonah Rask. Universy of California Prs. 2004. </span><a href=" rel>Purchase</a><span> (paid lk)</span></p></li><li><p><em>The Philosophy of the Beats</em><span>. Sharon N. Elkholy. Universy Prs of Kentucky. 2012. </span><a href=" rel>Purchase</a><span> (paid lk)</span></p></li><li><p><em>The Daybreak Boys: Essays on the Lerature of the Beat Generatn</em><span>. Gregory Stephenson. Southern Illois Universy Prs. 1990. </span><a href=" rel>Purchase</a><span> (paid lk)</span></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="visibily-check"></div><div class="post-footer"><div class="pencraft ontend-pencraft-Box-module__flexGrow--mx4xz ontend-pencraft-Box-module__ret--VfQY8 ontend-pencraft-Box-module__display-flex--ZqeZt ontend-pencraft-Box-module__flex-jtify-space-between--NvIcg ontend-pencraft-Box-module__flex-align-center--rSd6h ontend-pencraft-Box-module__flex-gap-16--TpblU ontend-pencraft-Box-module__paddg-y-16--ohCEm ontend-pencraft-Box-module__borr-top-tail-themed--e17yZ ontend-pencraft-Box-module__borr-bottom-tail-themed--eVwFY post-ufi"><div class="pencraft ontend-pencraft-Box-module__ret--VfQY8 ontend-pencraft-Box-module__display-flex--ZqeZt ontend-pencraft-Box-module__flex-gap-8--HFpIK"><div class="like-button-ntaer post-ufi-button style-button"><a role="button" class="post-ufi-button style-button no-label wh-borr"><svg role="img" style="height: 20px; width: 20px;" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="#000000" stroke-width="2" stroke="#000" xmlns=" class="in"><g><tle>.

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