Among non-human mammals, exposure to androgens durg cril perds of velopment leads to gynephilia (attractn to femal), whereas the absence or low levels of prenatal androgens leads to androphilia (attractn to mal). However, humans, retrospective markers of prenatal androgens have only been associated wh gynephilia among women, but not wh androphilia among men. Here, we asked whether an direct ditn of prenatal androgen exposure, 2D:4D, differs between subsets of gay men leated by anal sex role (ASR). ASR was ed as a proxy for subgroups bee ASR groups tend to differ other measur affected by bra sexual differentiatn, such as genr nformy. First, we replited the fdg that gay men wh a receptive ASR preference (bottoms) report greater genr nonnformy (GNC) pared to gay men wh an sertive ASR preference (tops). We then found that Tops have a lower (male-typil) average right-hand dig rat than Bottoms, and that among all gay men the right-hand 2D:4D rrelated wh GNC, ditg that a higher (female-typil) 2D:4D is associated wh creased GNC. Differenc were found between non-exclive and exclive same-sex attractn and GNC, and ASR group differenc on dig rats do not reach signifince when all non-heterosexual men are clud the analys, suggtg greater heterogeney the velopment of non-exclive same-sex sexual orientatns. Overall, rults support a role for prenatal androgens, as approximated by dig rats, fluencg the sexual orientatn and GNC of a subset of gay men.
Contents:
- WHERE DO I FALL ON THE KSEY SLE? (GAY TT)
- WHAT PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATN IS GAY?
- THERE IS NO ‘GAY GENE.’ THERE IS NO ‘STRAIGHT GENE.’ SEXUALY IS JT PLEX, STUDY NFIRMS
- DIFFERENC DIG RATS BETWEEN GAY MEN WHO PREFER RECEPTIVE VERS SERTIVE SEX ROL DITE A ROLE FOR PRENATAL ANDROGEN
- HOW GAY ARE YOU?
- MORN HOMONEGATIVY SLE – GAY MEN (MHS-G)
- QUIZ: WHERE ARE YOU ON THE KSEY SLE OF GAY TO STRAIGHT?
WHERE DO I FALL ON THE KSEY SLE? (GAY TT)
In his 1948 book, Sexual Behavr the Human Male, Aled Ksey shocked the world by announcg that 10% of the male populatn is gay. A 1993 Jan Report timated that ne percent of men and five percent of women had more than "ocsnal" homosexual relatnships. To some people, homosexualy is a matter of perceptn and fn. Furthermore, many people have trouble admtg their homosexualy to themselv, much ls to a rearcher. But when Gallup asked Amerins for their bt timate of the Amerin gay and lbian populatn, the rults ma all the figur mentned look nservative. * scale of gay *
Cly Mart veloped the Heterosexual-Homosexual Ratg Sle, also known as the “The Ksey Sle, ” orr to acunt for rearch fdgs that showed that people did not f to exclive heterosexual or homosexual tegori. Although all are signed to measure heterosexual and homosexual behavr, the IDR-KST© should not be nfed wh other “Ksey Sle Tts, ” as thored by alternative rearch anizatns.
However, all are profsnally-signed personaly tts (or ventori) meant for measurg heterosexual and homosexual behavr relatn to genr rol the Wtern world. The Ksey sle, also lled the Heterosexual–Homosexual Ratg Sle, is a great way to fd out what sexualy you are. A sre of 0 dit you’re exclively heterosexual, while a sre of 6 means you’re exclively homosexual.
In his 1948 book, Sexual Behavr the Human Male, Aled Ksey shocked the world by announcg that 10% of the male populatn is gay. A 1993 Jan Report timated that ne percent of men and five percent of women had more than "ocsnal" homosexual relatnships.
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATN IS GAY?
Sach Ja, Santiago Silva Volume 1, Issue 3, Pag 208–221 doi:10.15241/sjj.1.3.208 Article published onle: January 2012 Abstract Full article (PDF) Full article (HTML) CE Hours available One of the major flaws current psychologil tts is the belief that a predictn/diagnosis n be ma that would tell an dividual whether he is heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual. What is need wh the profsn, however, is an asssment that has the sensivy to help clients explore their sexual orientatn. A pilot 100-em Sexual Orientatn Sle was veloped after terviewg 30 self-intified gay men who nsired themselv happy/satisfied. The ems summarized the thoughts and feelgs of the 30 men durg the disvery procs and ultimate acceptance of their sexual orientatn. The sle was then pleted by 208 male participants. The Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was lculated for the ial 100-em versn of the Sexual Orientatn Sle along wh em analysis and factor analysis. The statistil manipulatns were puted to help elimate ems that did not discrimate well. The fal versn of the Sexual Orientatn ntas 43 ems. Implitns for the e of this sle and future directns rearch are further explored. * scale of gay *
The Fay Rearch Report says "around 2-3% of men, and 2% of women, are homosexual or bisexual. Furthermore, many people have trouble admtg their homosexualy to themselv, much ls to a rearcher. But when Gallup asked Amerins for their bt timate of the Amerin gay and lbian populatn, the rults ma all the figur mentned above look nservative.
In Augt 2002*, Gallup asked Amerins, an open-end format, to timate the percentage of Amerin men and the percentage of Amerin women who are homosexual.
THERE IS NO ‘GAY GENE.’ THERE IS NO ‘STRAIGHT GENE.’ SEXUALY IS JT PLEX, STUDY NFIRMS
* scale of gay *
In fact, roughly a quarter of the public thks more than 25% of men and 25% of women are homosexual. Male rponnts tend to give lower timat of both the male and female homosexual populatn than female rponnts do.
Among female rponnts, the average timat are that 26% of men and 23% of women are homosexual. Somewhat tertgly, both sex believe there are more homosexuals the oppose sex than their own sex.
Before the 1980s, the few reprentatns of homosexualy popular culture tend to nsist of potentially dangero social viants (thk Norman Bat Psycho). Sce then, however, the portrayal of gay characters pop culture have bee far more numero and mostly posive.
DIFFERENC DIG RATS BETWEEN GAY MEN WHO PREFER RECEPTIVE VERS SERTIVE SEX ROL DITE A ROLE FOR PRENATAL ANDROGEN
In the last 10 years, the number of Amerins sayg they feel homosexualy should be nsired an acceptable alternative liftyle has gone om 38% (June 1992) to 51% (May 2002).
"Seeg ourselv reflected posively enurag gay people to e out, " said Cathy Renna, news media director for the Gay & Lbian Alliance Agast Defamatn (GLAAD). "And when people know real gay men and lbians creas their level of unrstandg and acceptance. " If you doubt that Ellen, Rosie and others have had an effect on Amerins' acceptance of homosexualy, nsir this -- MTV and Showtime are about to lnch a ble channel directed at the homosexual market.
Whether creased acceptance of homosexualy has led to an upsurge the number of posive media portrayals of gay characters or vice versa, one rult seems to be that Amerins now tend to overtimate the gay populatn Ameri.
HOW GAY ARE YOU?
While most expert timat place Ameri's homosexual populatn at 10% or ls, Amerins tend to gus that the number is higher, around 20%. *Rults based on telephone terviews wh 489 (for those timatg percentag of lbian women) and 518 (for those timatg percentag of gay men) nducted May 6-9, 2002.
One of the major flaws current psychologil tts is the belief that a predictn/diagnosis n be ma that would tell an dividual whether he is heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual. A pilot 100-em Sexual Orientatn Sle was veloped after terviewg 30 self-intified gay men who nsired themselv happy/satisfied. The herent msag this tn are that a person is eher heterosexual (sexually attracted to members of the oppose sex), homosexual (sexually attracted to members of the same sex), or bisexual (sexually attracted to members of both sex).
MORN HOMONEGATIVY SLE – GAY MEN (MHS-G)
A homosexual person is one fed as havg preferential erotic attractn to members of the same sex and ually (but not necsarily) engagg overt sexual relatns wh them (Crooks & Br, 2008; Marmor, 1980). Individuals e to perceive themselv as a homosexual by adoptg a self-image of what means to be homosexual.
Individuals take this self-image a step further and allow , through teractn wh others, to bee a homosexual inty. E., heterosexual and homosexual) was overturned over 60 years ago by Ksey, Pomeroy, and Mart (1948) and by Ksey, Pomeroy, Mart, and Gebhard (1953). The studi rulted the velopment of a 7-pot sle which 0 reprented exclive heterosexualy and 6 reprented exclive homosexualy.
In rponse to this cricism, Bell and Weberg (1978) ed two sl their extensive study of homosexualy. Pl (1984) and Gars & Kimmel (2003) also reported discrepanci approximately one-third of their homosexual sampl. It was reported that most men saw their behavr as more exclively homosexual than their erotic feelgs (Coleman, 1987; Fergson & Horwood, 2005; Schwartz, Kim, Kolundzija, Rieger & Sanrs, 2008).
QUIZ: WHERE ARE YOU ON THE KSEY SLE OF GAY TO STRAIGHT?
As the lerature on psychologil ttg and homosexualy unfold, beme clear that tts were not very effective creatg special sl, signs or srg patterns that uld differentiate homosexuals om heterosexuals (Gars & Kimmel, 2003; Pl, Werich, Gonsrek, & Hotvedt, 1982). Contrastgly, lerature has brought forth strong data that dismiss the notn that homosexualy is a disorr (Cass, 1984; Coleman, 1982; Harper & Harris, 2010; Henchen & O’Dowd, 1977; Mor & Miller, 1974; Tripp, 1975; Troin, 1977; Weberg, 1978). One of the major flaws current psychologil tts is that there is a belief that a predictn/diagnosis n be ma that would tell an dividual whether he is heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual.
The purpose of the study was explaed and they were asked if they would approach their clients (straight and gay) to terme their willgns to participate the study.