Deprsn and Suicidaly Gay Men: Implitns for Health Care Provirs - PMC

Contents:

• DEPRSN AND SUICIDALY GAY MEN: IMPLITNS FOR HEALTH CARE PROVIRS
• DEPRSN IS KILLG GAY MEN
• HOMOSEXUALS AND DEPRSN: HELP FOR GAYS WH DEPRSN
• GAY AND DEPRSED
• DEPRSN AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG GAY AND HETEROSEXUAL MALE UNIVERSY STUNTS NIGERIA

DEPRSN AND SUICIDALY GAY MEN: IMPLITNS FOR HEALTH CARE PROVIRS

Dpe the high prevalence of prsn and suicidaly, health rearchers and health re provirs have tend to foc on sexual health issu, most often human immunoficiency vis gay men. Related to this, gay men’s health has often been fed by sexual practic, and poorly unrstood are the tersectns of gay men’s physil and mental health wh social termants of health cludg ethnicy, lole, tn level, and socenomic stat. In the current article summated is lerature addrsg risk factors for prsn and suicidaly among gay men cludg fay acceptance of their sexual inti, social hn and belongg, ternalized stigma, and victimizatn.

Barriers to gay men’s help seekg are also discsed tailg how health re provirs might advance the well-beg of this unrserved subgroup by effectively addrsg prsn and suicidaly.

Keywords: gay men’s health, prsn, suicidaly, men’s health, men’s help seekgIntroductnDeprsn is prevalent among gay men, where gay men are three tim more likely to experience prsn pared wh the general adult populatn (Cox, 2006; Kg et al., 2008). Wh this ntext, there is strong evince that gay men are more likely than heterosexual men to experience suicidaly (Brennan, Ross, Dobson, Veldhuizen, & Steele, 2010; Hott, Bogaert, Rhos, Brennan, & Gk, 2016; Kg et al., 2008). Deprsn and suicidaly may also crease gay men’s risk of alhol and dg ovese, unprotected anal terurse, and human immunoficiency vis (HIV; Cox, 2006; Ferlatte, Dulai, Hott, Tssler & Marchand, 2015).

DEPRSN IS KILLG GAY MEN

In terms of potential of prsn and suicidaly gay men, relatnship problems, acceptg one’s homosexualy, experiencg homophobia, stutnal discrimatn, and alienatn om gay muni have been reported as unrpng issu (Cox, 2006; Haas et al., 2011; Wang, Plörl, Hӓermann, & Weiss, 2015) rearch exists about gay men’s health beyond sexual health issu, most often HIV (Hott, Ferlatte, & Gk, 2014). Though gay men self-report that they rank mental health as one of their top health ncerns (Grov, Ventuneac, Renda, Jimenez, & Parsons, 2013) prsn and suicidaly the liv of gay men are poorly unrstood (Haas et al., 2011; Kg et al., 2008).

HOMOSEXUALS AND DEPRSN: HELP FOR GAYS WH DEPRSN

The current article tails dividual and societal risk factors for prsn among gay men, the nnectns to suicidaly, and potential barriers to help seekg. However, to tap to the potential to rce gay men’s prsn and suici, health re provirs need to be better equipped to discs and evaluate nnectns between prsn, suici, and sexualy. DeprsnDeprsn is fed clilly as the experience of a prsive mood or loss of tert or pleasure nearly all activi over a 2-week perd, along wh four of the followg symptoms: “chang appete or weight, sleep, and psychomotor activy; creased energy; feelgs of worthlsns or guilt; difficulty thkg, ncentratg, or makg cisns; or recurrent thoughts of ath or suicidal iatn or suici plans or attempts” (Amerin Psychiatric Associatn, 2013).

(2008) noted that general practners ed anxiety-related symptoms to intify addnal signs of prsn gay terms of e–effect and triggers for prsn, a range of factors have been tailed, many of which are tertwed wh the strs that n acpany beg part of socially margalized gay muni (Mays & Cochran, 2001; Meyer, 1995, 2003). Meyer’s (1995, 2003) mory strs mol highlighted four ternnected factors: (a) prejudice events, (b) expectatns of rejectn and discrimatn, (c) ncealment of inty, and (d) ternalized homophobia.

In the specific ntext of prejudice events, which refers to the multiple forms of antigay vlence and discrimatn (Meyer, 2003), a Canadian study reported that 47% of gay men had experienced harassment, 42% bullyg, 16.

GAY AND DEPRSED

Deprsn among young gay men has been associated wh prejudice events such as school-based victimizatn (Burton, Marshal, Chisolm, Suto, & Friedman, 2013; Rsell, Ryan, Toomey, Diaz, & Sanchez, 2011). Young gay men n experience prejudice their fay the form of rejectn, often after disclosg their sexual orientatn durg adolcence, which turn n heighten young men’s risk for prsn (Ryan, Huebner, Diaz, & Sanchez, 2009) expectatns of discrimatn and homophobic rejectn n also negatively affect gay men’s mental health (Hatzenbuehler, 2009; Meyer, 2003). For example, an Amerin study of gay men, those who perceived creased homophobia and the world as dangero for gay men were more likely to report prsive symptoms (Hatzenbuehler, Nolen-Hoeksema, & Erickson, 2008).

Concealment of one’s inty n be a strategy adopted by some gay men to ward off potential discrimatn and vlence (Herek, Chopp, & Strohl, 2007; Meyer, 2003). This strategy n be exhstg and has been reported to crease the risk of emotnal distrs among gay men (Cohen, Blasey, Taylor, Weiss, & Newman, 2016; Walch, Ngamake, Bovornvakool, & Walker, 2016). Wh the persistence of antigay msagg, gay men n have difficulty acceptg their sexual orientatn and experience ner nflict (Körner et al., 2008; McAndrew & Warne, 2010).

As a rult, this n heighten ternalized homophobia further ntributg to the risk for prsn (Feste, Goldied, & Davila, 2012; Frost, Parsons, & Nan, 2007).

DEPRSN AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG GAY AND HETEROSEXUAL MALE UNIVERSY STUNTS NIGERIA

Self-acceptance is therefore a cril element for gay men’s well-beg, as is beg accepted by others (Ash & Mackereth, 2013) addn to the four factors tailed Meyer’s (1995, 2003) mory strs mol, a lack of acceptance and rejectn om the gay muny n also crease the risk for gay men’s prsn.