Natnal March on Washgton for Lbian and Gay Rights - A Brief History of Civil Rights the Uned Stat - HUSL Library at Howard Universy School of Law

Contents:

• A BRIEF HISTORY OF CIVIL RIGHTS THE UNED STAT: NATNAL MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN AND GAY RIGHTS
• GAY ACTIVISTS QUTN MARCH ON WASHGTON
• GAY AND LBIAN MARCH ON WASHGTON
• GAY RIGHTS
• PHOTOGRAPHIC SLI OF THE FIRST MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN AND GAY RIGHTS
• 'VISIBILY IS PROTECTN' AT MARCH ON WASHGTON TO SUPPORT GAY AND LBIAN RIGHTS
• HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS MARCH FOR GAY RIGHTS
• MARCH ON WASHGTON LBIAN/GAY RIGHTS
• MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN, GAY, AND BI EQUAL RIGHTS AND LIBERATN
• GAY HISTORY MONTH – OCTOBER 11TH, 1987: THE SEND NATNAL MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN AND GAY RIGHTS – VIOS

A BRIEF HISTORY OF CIVIL RIGHTS THE UNED STAT: NATNAL MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN AND GAY RIGHTS

We mand passage of a lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr civil rights bill and an end to discrimatn by state and feral ernments cludg the ary; repeal of all sodomy laws and other laws that crimalize private sexual exprsn between nsentg adults. We mand legislatn to prevent discrimatn agast lbians, gays, bisexuals and transgenr people the areas of fay diversy, ctody, adoptn and foster re and that the fn of fay clus the full diversy of all fay stctur. Many Amerins today are faiar wh the history of the Cold War and how Amerin lears and policymakers fought munism abroad, but ls know of the liberate efforts rried out by the feral ernment to prevent the spread of munism the Uned Stat—cludg the surveillance and persecutn of spected “homosexual” cizens.

The nsistent terratn of rights for LGBTQ+ cizens durg the “Lavenr Sre” led to the homophile movement and the first documented and anized gay rights picket at the Whe Hoe on April 17, 1965. Johnson about their tentns:A group of homosexual Amerin cizens, and those supportg their e, is picketg the Whe Hoe, today, lawful, dignified, and orrly prott— the bt Amerin tradn—agast the treatment beg meted out to fifteen ln homosexual Amerin cizens by their ernment—treatment which nstantly mak of them send-class cizens, at bt. Johnson, brought ccial urgency, energy, and visibily to the movement for LGBTQ+ rights across Ameri and laid the foundatn for the gay liberatn movement—more radil than the prev homophile movement.

Followg notable ton for LGBTQ+ equaly the 1970s, cludg the electn of openly gay polician Harvey Milk to ernment office and the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn’s removal of homosexualy om their list of psychiatric disorrs, the gay liberatn movement beme more vol and celebratory than ever before.

GAY ACTIVISTS QUTN MARCH ON WASHGTON

At the first Natnal March on Washgton for Lbian and Gay Rights on October 14, 1979, dividuals reclaimed and celebrated their inti before the very ernment which refed to protect them.

At least 25, 000 protters marched past the Whe Hoe, gatherg Lafayette Square and on the Natnal Mall to mand that the ernment:Pass a prehensive lbian/gay bill CongrsIssue a printial executive orr banng discrimatn based on sexual orientatn the Feral Government, the ary, and ferally ntracted private employmentRepeal all anti-gay/lbian lawsEnd discrimatn lbian mother and gay father ctody sPrott lbian and gay youth form any laws which are ed to discrimate agast, opprs and/or harass them their hom, schools, jobs, and social environments. Durg the 1980s, the HIV/AIDS crisis, which disproportnately killed gay men the Uned Stat, led to a new wave of protts Lafayette Square—particularly rponse to Print Ronald Reagan’s refal to acknowledge the severy of the epimic. The 1993 March on Washgton for Lbian, Gay, and Bi Equal Rights and Liberatn remas one of the largt protts Amerin history, wh approximately one ln atten; other large march clu the Millennium March (2000), the Natnal Equaly March (2009), and the Natnal Pri March (2017).

" Many worry that the march will amount to ltle more than a big party and dra rourc om cril fights ragg elsewhere — such as the ballot qutns that would repeal gay marriage Mae and overturn domtic partner benefs Washgton state. We rolled our ey at the few anizg mtee members gog on and on about electronic bullet boards and somethg ll Ameri, sudnly, a guy om Arkansas named Bill Clton began to surge the polls, and he ed the word "gay, " and he said he'd get rid of the ary ban, and a bunch of other thgs that spired hope. Here are the primary mands, followed by the full platform:"We mand passage of a lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr civil rights bill and an end to discrimatn by state and feral ernments cludg the ary; repeal of all sodomy laws and other laws that crimalize private sexual exprsn between nsentg adults.

GAY AND LBIAN MARCH ON WASHGTON

""We mand legislatn to prevent discrimatn agast lbians, gays, bisexuals and transgenr people the areas of fay diversy, ctody, adoptn and foster re and that the fn of fay clus the full diversy of all fay stctur. ""We mand full and equal cln of lbians, gays, bisexuals and transgenr people the tnal system, and cln of lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr studi multicultural curricula.

"Full Platform of the 1993 March on Washgton for Lbian, Gay, and Bi Equal Rights and LiberatnActn Statement Preamble to the PlatformThe Lbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgenr movement regniz that our qut for social jtice fundamentally lks to the stggl agast racism and sexism, class bias, enomic jtice and relig tolerance. We mand passage of a Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgenr civil rights bill and an end to discrimatn by state and feral ernments cludg the ary; repeal of all sodomy laws and other laws that crimalize private sexual exprsn between nsentg adults.

We mand legislatn to prevent discrimatn agast Lbians, Gays, Bisexuals and Transgenred people the areas of fay diversy, ctody, adoptn and foster re and that the fn of fay clus the full diversy of all fay regnn and legal protectn of the whole range of fay end to abe and exploatn of and discrimatn agast end to abe and exploatn of and discrimatn agast olr/old implementatn of the remendatns ntaed the report of the Health and Human Servic Task Force on Youth Suici. We mand full and equal cln of Lbians, gays, Bisexuals and Transgenred people the tnal system, and cln of Lbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgenr studi multicultural curricula. Establishment of mp offic and programs to addrs Lbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgenr stunts' special ban of all discrimatory ROTC programs and recers om learng end to discrimatn at all levels of tn.

GAY RIGHTS

The event, which occurred on the mall near the Washgton Memorial Washgton, DC, was planned to show support for legislatn grantg equal rights for homosexuals Amerin society, cludg anti-discrimatn regulatns based on sexual orientatn and an end to the ban on homosexuals the U. Army service World War I, Gerber was spired to create his anizatn by the Scientific-Humanarian Commtee, a “homosexual emancipatn” group ’s small group published a few issu of s newsletter “Friendship and Freedom, ” the untry’s first gay-tert newsletter.

Ernment signated Gerber’s Chigo hoe a Natnal Historic Pk TriangleCorbis/Getty ImagHomosexual prisoners at the ncentratn mp at Sachsenhsen, Germany, wearg pk triangl on their uniforms on December 19, gay rights movement stagnated for the next few s, though LGBT dividuals around the world did e to the spotlight a few example, English poet and thor Radclyffe Hall stirred up ntroversy 1928 when she published her lbian-themed novel, The Well of Lonels.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SLI OF THE FIRST MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN AND GAY RIGHTS

Addnally, 1948, his book Sexual Behavr the Human Male, Aled Ksey proposed that male sexual orientatn li on a ntuum between exclively homosexual to exclively Homophile Years In 1950, Harry Hay found the Mattache Foundatn, one of the natn’s first gay rights group. ”Though started off small, the foundatn, which sought to improve the liv of gay men through discsn groups and related activi, expand after foundg member Dale Jenngs was arrted 1952 for solicatn and then later set ee due to a adlocked the end of the year, Jenngs formed another anizatn lled One, Inc., which weled women and published ONE, the untry’s first pro-gay magaze.

Post Office, which 1954 clared the magaze “obscene” and refed to liver Mattache Society Mattache Foundatn members rtctured the anizatn to form the Mattache Society, which had lol chapters other parts of the untry and 1955 began publishg the untry’s send gay publitn, The Mattache Review. That same year, four lbian upl San Francis found an anizatn lled the Dghters of Bilis, which soon began publishg a newsletter lled The Ladr, the first lbian publitn of any early years of the movement also faced some notable setbacks: the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn listed homosexualy as a form of mental disorr followg year, Print Dwight D. In 1961, Illois beme the first state to do away wh s anti-sodomy laws, effectively crimalizg homosexualy, and a lol TV statn California aired the first documentary about homosexualy, lled The 1965, Dr.

'VISIBILY IS PROTECTN' AT MARCH ON WASHGTON TO SUPPORT GAY AND LBIAN RIGHTS

”In fear of beg shut down by thori, bartenrs would ny drks to patrons spected of beg gay or kick them out altogether; others would serve them drks but force them to s facg away om other ctomers to prevent them om 1966, members of the Mattache Society New York Cy staged a “sip-”—a twist on the “s-” protts of the 1960s— which they vised taverns, clared themselv gay, and waed to be turned away so they uld sue. They were nied service at the Greenwich Village tavern Juli, rultg much publicy and the quick reversal of the anti-gay liquor Stonewall Inn A few years later, 1969, a now-famo event talyzed the gay rights movement: The Stonewall clanste gay club Stonewall Inn was an stutn Greenwich Village bee was large, cheap, allowed dancg and weled drag queens and homels the early hours of June 28, 1969, New York Cy police raid the Stonewall Inn. After the Stonewall Rts, a msage was pated on the outsi of the board-up bar readg, "We homosexuals plead wh out people to please help mata peaceful and quiet nduct on the streets of the village.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS MARCH FOR GAY RIGHTS

" This sign was wrten by the Mattache Society–an early anizatn dited to fightg for gay reportg the events, The New York Daily News rorted to homophobic slurs s tailed verage, nng the headle: “Homo Nt Raid, Queen Be Are Stgg Mad. ”Over the next several nights, gay activists ntued to gather near the Stonewall, takg advantage of the moment to spread rmatn and build the muny that would fuel the growth of the gay rights movement. Johnson is seen at a Gay Liberatn Front monstratn at Cy Hall New York, a large crowd memorat the 2nd anniversary of the Stonewall rts Greenwich Village of New York Cy 1971.

1 / 12: NY Daily News Archive/Getty ImagChristopher Street Liberatn Day Shortly after the Stonewall uprisg, members of the Mattache Society spl off to form the Gay Liberatn Front, a radil group that lnched public monstratns, protts and nontatns wh polil officials.

Siar groups followed, cludg the Gay Activists Alliance, Radilbians, and Street Transvt Actn Revolutnari (STAR) 1970, at the one-year anniversary of the Stonewall Rts, New York Cy muny members marched through lol streets memoratn of the event. Activists also turned the once-disreputable Pk Triangle to a symbol of gay Polil Victori The creased visibily and activism of LGBTQ dividuals the 1970s helped the movement make progrs on multiple onts.

MARCH ON WASHGTON LBIAN/GAY RIGHTS

Addnally, several openly LGBTQ dividuals secured public office posns: Kathy Kozachenko won a seat to the Ann Harbor, Michigan, Cy Council 1974, beg the first out Amerin to be elected to public Milk, who mpaigned on a pro-gay rights platform, beme the San Francis cy supervisor 1978, beg the first openly gay man elected to a polil office asked Gilbert Baker, an artist and gay rights activist, to create an emblem that reprents the movement and would be seen as a symbol of pri. Baker signed and stched together the first rabow flag, which he unveiled at a pri para followg year, 1979, more than 100, 000 people took part the first Natnal March on Washgton for Lbian and Gay Rights.

MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN, GAY, AND BI EQUAL RIGHTS AND LIBERATN

In 1981, the Centers for Disease Control and Preventn published a report about five prevly healthy homosexual men beg fected wh a rare type of 1984, rearchers had intified the e of AIDS—the human immunoficiency vis, or HIV—and the Food and Dg Admistratn licensed the first mercial blood tt for HIV 1985.

Two years later, the first antiretroviral meditn for HIV, azidothymide (AZT), beme rights proponents held the send Natnal March on Washgton for Lbian and Gay Rights 1987. But after failg to garner enough support for such an open policy, Print Clton 1993 passed the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT) policy, which allowed gay men and women to serve the ary as long as they kept their sexualy a rights advot cried the Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell policy, as did ltle to stop people om beg discharged on the grounds of their 2011, Print Obama fulfilled a mpaign promise to repeal DADT; by that time, more than 12, 000 officers had been discharged om the ary unr DADT for refg to hi their sexualy. Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell was officially repealed on September 20, Marriage and Beyond In 1992, the District of Columbia passed a law that allowed gay and lbian upl to register as domtic partners, grantg them some of the rights of marriage (the cy of San Francis passed a siar ordance three years prr and California would later extend those rights to the entire state 1999) 1993, the hight urt  Hawaii led that a ban on gay marriage may go agast the state’s nstutn.

GAY HISTORY MONTH – OCTOBER 11TH, 1987: THE SEND NATNAL MARCH ON WASHGTON FOR LBIAN AND GAY RIGHTS – VIOS

The law prevented the ernment om grantg feral marriage benefs to same-sex upl and allowed stat to refe to regnize same-sex marriage certifit om other marriage rights backtracked, gay rights advot sred other victori. In 1994, a new anti-hate-crime law allowed judg to impose harsher sentenc if a crime was motivated by a victim’s sexual Matthew Shepard ActCourty of the Matthew Shepard FoundatnMatthew Shepard, who was btally killed a hate crime 2003, gay rights proponents had another b of happy news: the U.

Gay rights proponents mt also ntent wh an creasg number of “relig liberty” state laws, which allow bs to ny service to LGBTQ dividuals due to relig beliefs, as well as “bathroom laws” that prevent transgenr dividuals om g public bathrooms that don’t rrpond to their sex at birth. Gay Marriage Legalized Massachetts was the first state to legalize gay marriage, and the first legal same-sex marriage was performed on May 17, 2004—a day when seventy-seven other upl across the state also tied the knot.

Conservative Jtice Anthony Kennedy sid wh Jtic Ruth Bar Gsburg, Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan favor of same-sex marriage rights, ultimately makg gay marriage legal across the natn on June 2015. The first Natnal March on Washgton for Lbian and Gay Rights took place on October 14, 1979 rponse to Reagan's imment princy, LGBTQ tolerance, and the recent assassatn of Californian polician Harvey Milk.