Lbian and gay parentg: Theoretil and nceptual examatns

Contents:

• 12 POPULAR CHILDREN’S TV SHOWS THAT HAVE GAY CHARACTERS
• GROWG UP WH GAY PARENTS: WHAT IS THE BIG AL?*
• HOW TO DEAL WH HAVG GAY PARENTS
• LBIAN AND GAY PARENTG
• KIDS OF GAY PARENTS FARE WORSE, STUDY FDS, BUT REARCH DRAWS FIRE OM EXPERTS
• GAY PARENTS RAISG KIDS: HOW WILL THEY FARE?

12 POPULAR CHILDREN’S TV SHOWS THAT HAVE GAY CHARACTERS

Fortunately, TV has experienced a boom LGBTQ+-clive programmg recent years, wh beloved shows such as “The Owl Hoe” wng the Common Sense Media seal of approval, and classics such as “Arthur” and “Blue’s Clu” prentg episos featurg gay weddgs and Pri paras. A young person makg iends and havg adventur a strange land while tryg to fd their way home, protagonist Kipo’s iends number at least one nonbary character and another who rejects Kipo’s csh wh the history-makg statement, “I’m gay, ” the first time those words were said children’s televisn.

Ma characters they are not, but we love to see LGBTQ+ fai and, hontly, we didn’t realize how much we were missg gay zebras until Chip and Potato, rated TV-Y, on Ltle Pony: Friendship Is MagicSotaloo is raised by a lbian uple, Aunt Holiday and Auntie KenneyMy Ltle Pony: Friendship Is Magic follows the adventur of unirns, pegasi, and poni throughout Equtria, where they solve problems and, ocsnally, battle the forc of darkns, cludg the Cutie Mark Csars, Apple Bloom, Sweetie Belle, and Sotaloo. While there are some mor gay characters on the show, ma character Jeff is beg raised by two moms, EJ (voiced by Lea DeLaria) and Sue (voiced by Tig Notaro) one pot the seri had unnamed gay characters kissg (the b is funny, though the edy isn't their kiss). "As a gay man who grew up wh no visible role mols of gay relatnships my muny or entertament ntent, I am grateful that this reprentatn is happeng on Nickeloon, moved by the difference that is surely makg the mds and hearts of children, and grateful to have been a part of this slow but important change, " Dickie told PRIDE.

A 2013 Canadian study (Allen 2013), which analyzed data om a very large populatn-based sample, revealed that the children of gay and lbian upl are only about 65 percent as likely to have graduated om high school as are the children of married, oppose-sex upl. Three key fdgs stood out this study: children of married, oppose-sex parents have a high graduatn rate pared to the others; children of lbian fai have a very low graduatn rate pared to the others; and children the other four typ of livg arrangements (mon law marriage, gay uple, sgle mother, and sgle father) are siar to each other and fall between the extrem of married heterosexual parents and lbian upl. The women (whose average age both groups was 29) wh gay or bisexual fathers had difficulty wh adult attachment issu three areas: (1) they were ls fortable wh closens and timacy; (2) they were ls able to tst and pend on others; and (3) they experienced more anxiety relatnships pared to the women raised by heterosexual fathers (and mothers).

GROWG UP WH GAY PARENTS: WHAT IS THE BIG AL?*

The study is noteworthy for several reasons: (1) his study sample was large, reprentative, and populatn-based (not a small, self-selected group); (2) Regnes studied the rpons of adult children rather than askg same-sex parents to scribe how their young pennt children are dog; and (3) he was able to draw parisons on up to 80 measur for children who had lived wh (or had) parents who fell to one of eight tegori—tact fai wh both blogil parents who were married to each other, lbian mothers, gay fathers, heterosexual sgle parents, parents who later divorced, habg parents, parents who adopted the rponnt, and other (such as a ceased parent).

4) as prevalent among children wh same-sex parents than the general populatn, after ntrollg for age, sex, ethnicy, and parent soc-enomic stat (Sulls 2015b) n one rencile the signifint fdgs wh the wily publicized studi showg no harmful effects to children who have, or have lived wh, lbian or gay parents? For example, 2005, the Amerin Psychologil Associatn (APA) issued an official brief on lbian and gay parentg, which clud this assertn: “Not a sgle study has found children of lbian and gay parents to be disadvantaged any signifint rpect relative to children of heterosexual parents” (Amerin Psychologil Associatn 2005).

The thor remend further flaws exist the vast majory of studi published before 2012 on this subject (Marks 2012) cludg the fact that they relied upon small, nonreprentative sampl that are not reprentative of children typil homosexual fai the Uned major studi, published by Gartrell and Bos (2010) and Biblarz and Stacey (2010), are often ced by gay activists and extensively the media. What is: An animated seri about an optimistic young girl bravg the dangers of a post-apolyptic Earth overn wh mutated we love : It's not often that you hear a character say "I'm gay" an animated show aimed at younger dienc, but that's exactly what happens Kipo and the Age of Wonrbeasts. From the jump, this Ameri Ferrera helmed and produced s was servg diversy, and nowhere was that clearer than Cloud 9 associate Mateo Liwanag, a gay Filipo undocumented worker played by Ni Santos (who you also know om Crazy Rich Asians and datg Survivor’s Zeke Smh).

HOW TO DEAL WH HAVG GAY PARENTS

And while the show tackl topics like unsupportive parents, queer-bashg, and HIV, also picted homosexuals as real people livg normal liv a normal cy, somethg that spoke to viewers outsi of the gay urban hubs who’d yet to see their liv and inti picted onscreen on Hulu. This show has created an entire dtry, raisg the art of drag om niche to mastream and brgg hundreds of performance artists, gay bar viewg parti, drag nventns, boozy bnch, merch l, makp brands, wig stylists, shoe signers, and terrible electronic mic wh .

Unlike heterosexual parents and their children, however, lbian and gay parents and their children are often subject to prejudice bee of their sexual orientatn that n turn judg, legislators, profsnals, and the public agast them, sometim rultg negative out, such as loss of physil ctody, rtrictns on visatn, and prohibns agast adoptn (ACLU Lbian and Gay Rights Project, 2002; Appell, 2003; Patterson, Fulcher, & Waright, 2002). The relevance of this cricism has been greatly rced as rearch has expand to explore life a wir array of lbian mother and gay father fai (many of which have never lived through the divorce of a heterosexual uple), and as newer studi beg to clu a wir array of ntrol groups. An expert readg of the Sarantakos article reveals that certa characteristics of s methodology and sample are highly likely to have skewed the rults and renred them an valid ditor of the well-beg of children raised by gay and lbian parents at least three rpects:.

LBIAN AND GAY PARENTG

The children raised by gay and lbian parents experienced unually high levels of extreme social ostracism and overt hostily om other children and parents, which probably acunted for the former's lower levels of teractn and social tegratn wh peers (see pp. Some nonscientific anizatns have attempted to nvce urts that there is an actual scientific dispute this area by cg rearch performed by Pl Cameron as supportg the existence of fics gay and lbian parents or their children pared to heterosexual parents or their children.

KIDS OF GAY PARENTS FARE WORSE, STUDY FDS, BUT REARCH DRAWS FIRE OM EXPERTS

Three ncerns have historilly been associated wh judicial cisn makg ctody ligatn and public polici erng foster re and adoptn: the belief that lbians and gay men are mentally ill, that lbians are ls maternal than heterosexual women, and that lbians' and gay men's relatnships wh sexual partners leave ltle time for ongog parent-child teractns (ACLU Lbian and Gay Rights Project, 2002; Falk, 1989, 1994; Patterson et al., 2002; Patterson & Reddg, 1996). Many years ago, the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn removed "homosexualy" om s list of mental disorrs, statg that "homosexualy per se impli no impairment judgment, stabily, reliabily, or general social or votnal pabili" (Amerin Psychiatric Associatn, 1974). The cisn to remove homosexual orientatn om the list of mental disorrs reflects extensive rearch nducted over three s showg that homosexual orientatn is not a psychologil maladjtment (Gonsrek, 1991; Hart, Roback, Ttler, Wez, Walston, & McKee, 1978; Reiss, 1980).

GAY PARENTS RAISG KIDS: HOW WILL THEY FARE?

There is no reliable evince that homosexual orientatn per se impairs psychologil functng, although the social and other circumstanc which lbians and gay men live, cludg exposure to wispread prejudice and discrimatn, often e acute distrs (Cochran, 2001; Freedman, 1971; Gonsrek, 1991; Hart et al., 1978; Hooker, 1957; Meyer, 2003; Reiss, 1980).

Beliefs that lbian and gay adults are not f parents likewise have no empiril foundatn (Anrssen, Amlie, & Ytteroy, 2002; Brewaeys & van Hall, 1997; Parks, 1998; Patterson, 2000; Patterson & Chan, 1996; Perr, 2002; Stacey & Biblarz, 2001; Tasker, 1999; Victor & Fish, 1995). A recent study of 256 lbian and gay parent fai found that, ntrast to patterns characterizg the majory of Amerin parents, very few lbian and gay parents reported any e of physil punishment (such as spankg) as a disciplary technique; stead, they were likely to report e of posive techniqu such as reasong (Johnson & O'Connor, 2002).