Gay Marriage - DOMA, 14th Amendment & Supreme Court | HISTORY

Contents:

• GAY MARRIAGE
• MATRIMONI GAY FRANCIA: MARIAGE POUR TO!
• MATRIMON GAY, ARGENTA CELEBRA I 10 ANNI DALLA LEGGE. FU PRIMO PAE AMERI LATA
• MATRIMON GAY ITALIA: E FUNZNA L’UNNE CIVILE TRA GAY ITALIA
• SHOULD GAY MARRIAGE BE LEGAL?
• LA TRATEGIA GAY EN LATOAMéRI
• MATRIMON GAY BELG
• MATRIMONI GAY ITALIA
• APPROVAZNE DELLA LEGGE SUL MATRIMON GAY IN ARGENTA E DISRSO DI UN DEPUTATO [ DISCURSO DEL DIPUTADO CUCVILLO Y LEY DE MATRIMON GAY EN ARGENTA] ( ARGENTA 2010)
• UNNI CIVILI: E SI PROCE, PPIE GAY, DIRTI E DOVERI

GAY MARRIAGE

Early Years: Same-Sex Marriage Bans In 1970, jt one year after the historic Stonewall Rts that galvanized the gay rights movement, law stunt Richard Baker and librarian Jam McConnell applied for a marriage license Gerald Nelson rejected their applitn bee they were a same-sex uple, and a trial urt upheld his cisn. ” This lg effectively blocked feral urts om lg on same-sex marriage for s, leavg the cisn solely the hands of stat, which alt blow after blow to those hopg to see gay marriage beg 1973, for stance, Maryland beme the first state to create a law that explicly f marriage as a unn between a man and woman, a belief held by many nservative relig groups. Though the gay rights movement saw some advancements the 1970s and 1980s—such as Harvey Milk beg the first openly gay man elected to public office the untry 1977—the fight for gay marriage ma ltle headway for many years.

In 1989, the San Francis Board of Supervisors passed an ordance that allowed homosexual upl and unmarried heterosexual upl to register for domtic partnerships, which granted hospal visatn rights and other years later, the District of Columbia siarly passed a new law that allowed same-sex upl to register as domtic partners. C., 1993, the hight urt Hawaii led that a ban on same-sex marriage may vlate that state nstutn’s Equal Protectn Clse—the first time a state urt has ever ched toward makg gay marriage Hawaii Supreme Court sent the se—brought by a gay male uple and two lbian upl who were nied marriage licens 1990—back for further review to the lower First Circu Court, which 1991 origally dismissed the the state tried to prove that there was “pellg state tert” jtifyg the ban, the se would be tied up ligatn for the next three Defense of Marriage Act Opponents of gay marriage, however, did not s on their hnch. Congrs 1996 passed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which Print Bill Clton signed to didn’t ban gay marriage outright but specified that only heterosexual upl uld be granted feral marriage benefs.

That is, even if a state ma gay marriage legal, same-sex upl still wouldn’t be able to file e tax jotly, sponsor spo for immigratn benefs or receive spoal Social Secury payments, among many other act was a huge setback for the marriage equaly movement, but transient good news arose three months later: Hawaii Judge Kev S. Phg for Change: Civil Unns The next saw a whirlwd of activy on the gay marriage ont, begng wh the year 2000 when Vermont beme the first state to legalize civil unns, a legal stat that provis most of the state-level benefs of years later, Massachetts beme the first state to legalize gay marriage when the Massachetts Supreme Court led that same-sex upl had the right to marry Goodridge v.

MATRIMONI GAY FRANCIA: MARIAGE POUR TO!

The state fally troduced the untry to gay marriage (m the feral benefs) when began issug same-sex marriage licens on May 17, that year, the U.

2004 was notable for upl many other stat as well, though for the oppose reason: Ten typilly nservative stat, along wh Oregon, enacted state-level bans on gay marriage. Kansas and Texas were next 2005, and 2006 saw seven more stat passg Constutnal amendments agast gay towards the end of the , gay marriage beme legal var stat, cludg Connecticut, Iowa, Vermont (the first state to approve by legislative means) and New Hampshire.

MATRIMON GAY, ARGENTA CELEBRA I 10 ANNI DALLA LEGGE. FU PRIMO PAE AMERI LATA

Domtic Partnerships Throughout the and the begng of the next, California equently ma headl for seawg on the gay marriage state was the first to pass a domtic partnership statute 1999, and legislators tried to pass a same-sex marriage bill 2005 and 2007.

MATRIMON GAY ITALIA: E FUNZNA L’UNNE CIVILE TRA GAY ITALIA

Perry legalized same-sex marriage early 2010s ntued the state-level battl over gay marriage that fed the precedg , wh at least one notable event. For the first time the untry’s history, voters (rather than judg or legislators) Mae, Maryland, and Washgton approved Constutnal amendments permtg same-sex marriage marriage also beme a feral issue 2010, Massachetts, the first state to legalize gay marriage, found Sectn 3 of DOMA—the part of the 1996 law that fed marriage as a unn between one man and one woman—to be unnstutnal. Wdsor, nservative Jtice Anthony Kennedy sid wh Jtic Ruth Bar Gsburg, Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan favor of same-sex marriage rights, ultimately makg gay marriage legal across the natn June this time, was still outlawed only 13 stat, and more than 20 other untri had already legalized gay marriage, startg wh the Netherlands December 2000.

SHOULD GAY MARRIAGE BE LEGAL?

En noviembre e año, en un so prentado por una pareja homosexual, una jueza la Ciudad Buenos Air falló que la pacidad nseguir un matrimon igualar era nstucnal. Per l’emergenza sanaria l Covid-19, non anra fa Spagna, qut’anno tutti i fteggiamenti l Gay Pri a Madrid sono stati ncellati.

Incintalmente, la legge modifi il dice l lavoro (Co du travail), disponendo che non possa subire alcun trattamento discrimator o licenziamento il lavoratore che si sia rifiutato di trasferirsi un Pae “crimant l’homosexualé“. Il 15 lugl l 2010, l’Argenta ha rinosciuto il dirto di ntrarre quello che alle nostre latudi è normalmente chiamato matrimon gay, tra persone llo stso bandiera Lgbtiq+, n i suoi lori, è stata proiettata sull’Usa l Arte, Palac Lezama, Plaar e Torre Monumental, il parlamento, il Monumento a los Español, la Floralis Genéri e il celebre Puente la Mujer di Puerto Maro hanno alternato i vari l’approvazne da parte l senato ferale – allora era printe Crista Fernánz Kirchner – l’Argenta nquistò il primato tra tutti i pai ll’Ameri Lata, risultando il cimo a livello mondiale.

La pale argenta dimostrava, anra una volta, la sua vozne aperta, tollerante e mornista, non a so spso fa ctà ropea anche dal punto di vista perrso lla legge naznale sul matrimon gay, vece, fu ispirato il 14 febbra l 2007 quando María Rachid, membro lla Ferazne argenta Lgbt, e la sua pagna Cldia Castro chiero al registro civile di sere une matrimon. Buenos Air, la noruropea: una perfetta pale gay iendlyArgenta rinosciuta meta top l turismo Lgbt: “Un prem per tutta la società”Il primo lciatore a fare g out Argenta: “Nel lc i gay ci sono, ma non parlano”TI POTREBBERO INTERESSARE. Inoltre nell’unne civile gay non è previsto l’ obbligo di feltà e non ve sere rispettato alcun perdo di separazne so di divorz.

LA TRATEGIA GAY EN LATOAMéRI

Al di fuori di qute differenze, i dirti e i doveri lla ppia rtano gli stsi sia per quanto riguarda il matrimon omossuale, sia per quanto riguarda l’unne civile gay.

Nonostante gli anra numerevoli ostali che il rinoscimento i dirti per le ppie gay Italia ntua a ntrare (e l’ultimo affossamento l ddl Zan), qualsa nel tempo per andare una direzne miglre è stato i Contenuti.

Requisi necsari per le nozze gayFranc RsottoRICONOSCIMENTIMatrimoni Gay ItaliaSono oltre 10a le ppie gay che hanno potuto ottenere una forma di rinoscimento giuridi per la propria unne dal 2016, anno di approvazne lla Legge Cirnà (LEGGE 20 magg 2016, n. 76), che garantisce alle ppie omossuali la tutela legale lle proprie unni n il rinoscimento i dirti e i doveri i ponenti lla rinoscimento non solo legale ma anche morale e sociale, un passo avanti per la nostra società, che dividua le necsà lle ppie gay e imprcdibili e fa lle stse un soggetto giuridi… quasi a pieno tolo. Requisi necsari per le nozze gayRiguardo i requisi necsari per poter stuire un’unne civile non sono molti: basta fatti sere maggrenni, dimostrare di sere divorziati so di matrimoni precenti e ottenere il nulla osta l pae di orige se non si è ctadi quto senso, rinoscendo l’istenza di molti Pai che negano i dirti alle ppie omossuali, il legislatore aliano si è mosso n larghezza di vte stabilendo che il dirto aliano sia superre a quello straniero riguardo le leggi che vietano il rinoscimento lle unni tra persone llo stso abbiamo visto qudi le differenze tra unne civile e matrimon egualar sono diverse ma non troppo sostanziali.

MATRIMON GAY BELG

On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court led that gay marriage is a right protected by the US Constutn all 50 stat. US public opn had shifted signifintly over the years, om 27% approval of gay marriage 1996 to 55% 2015, the year beme legal throughout the Uned Stat, to 61% 2019.

Proponents of legal gay marriage ntend that gay marriage bans are discrimatory and unnstutnal, and that same-sex upl should have accs to all the benefs enjoyed by different-sex upl. On July 25, 2014 Miami-Da County Circu Court Judge Sarah Zabel led Florida’s gay marriage ban unnstutnal and stated that the ban “serv only to hurt, to discrimate, to prive same-sex upl and their fai of equal digny, to label and treat them as send-class cizens, and to em them unworthy of participatn one of the fundamental stutns of our society. The Amerin Psychologil Associatn, Amerin Psychiatric Associatn, and others nclud that legal gay marriage giv upl “accs to the social support that already facilat and strengthens heterosexual marriag, wh all of the psychologil and physil health benefs associated wh that support.

MATRIMONI GAY ITALIA

A study found that same-sex married upl were “signifintly ls distrsed than lbian, gay, and bisexual persons not a legally regnized relatnship. A 2010 analysis found that after their stat had banned gay marriage, gay, lbian and bisexual people suffered a 37% crease mood disorrs, a 42% crease alhol-e disorrs, and a 248% crease generalized anxiety disorrs. The Congrsnal Budget Office timated 2004 that ferally-regnized gay marriage would cut the budget fic by around $450 ln a year.

In July 2012 New York Cy Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced that gay marriage had ntributed $259 ln to the cy’s enomy jt a year sce the practice beme legal there July 2011. In 2012, the Williams Instute at the Universy of California at Los Angel (UCLA) found that the first five years after Massachetts legalized gay marriage 2004, same-sex weddg expendur (such as venue rental, weddg k, etc. Relig stutns n cle to marry gay and lbian upl if they wish, but they should not dictate marriage laws for society at large.

APPROVAZNE DELLA LEGGE SUL MATRIMON GAY IN ARGENTA E DISRSO DI UN DEPUTATO [ DISCURSO DEL DIPUTADO CUCVILLO Y LEY DE MATRIMON GAY EN ARGENTA] ( ARGENTA 2010)

Gay marriage is a civil right protected by the US Constutn’s mments to liberty and equaly, and is an ternatnally regnized human right for all people. Civil unns and domtic partnerships uld provi the protectns and benefs gay upl need whout changg the fn of marriage. 2016 printial ndidate and former Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fra stated that civil unns are aquate as an equivalent to marriage: “Benefs are beg btowed to gay upl [ civil unns]… I believe we need to rpect those who believe that the word marriage has a spirual foundatn… Why n’t we rpect and tolerate that while at the same time sayg ernment nnot btow benefs unequally.

Court papers filed July 2014 by attorneys fendg Arizona’s gay marriage ban stated that “the State regulat marriage for the primary purpose of channelg potentially procreative sexual relatnships to endurg unns for the sake of jog children to both their mother and their father… Same-sex upl n never provi a child wh both her blogil mother and her blogil father. Contrary to the pro gay marriage argument that some different-sex upl nnot have children or don’t want them, even those s there is still the potential to produce children. Gay marriage has accelerated the assiatn of gays to mastream heterosexual culture to the triment of the homosexual muny.

By rcg the differenc opportuni and experienc between gay and heterosexual people, this unique culture may cease to exist.

UNNI CIVILI: E SI PROCE, PPIE GAY, DIRTI E DOVERI

Lee Badgett, PhD, Director of the Center for Public Policy and Admistratn at the Universy of Massachetts at Amherst, stated that for many gay activists “marriage means adoptg heterosexual forms of fay and givg up distctively gay fay forms and perhaps even gay and lbian culture. Pla Ettelbrick, JD, Profsor of Law and Women’s Studi, wrote 1989, “Marriage ns ntrary to two of the primary goals of the lbian and gay movement: the affirmatn of gay inty and culture and the validatn of many forms of relatnships. LGBT activist llective Agast Equaly stated, “Gay marriage ap hetero privilege… [and] creas enomic equaly by perpetuatg a system which ems married begs more worthy of the basics like health re and enomic rights.