Gay Men unr the Nazi Regime | Holot Encyclopedia

Contents:

• 20 GAY GREEK GODS
• GAY ASTRONTS: A FAL FRONTIER
• SAPEVI CHE APOLLO è UN D GAY?
• GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
• NOT THE ONN: MOSW BANS GAY PRI FOR NEXT 100 YEARS

20 GAY GREEK GODS

While tolerance is often prented as a sign of civilizatn's advancement, a readg of Greek mythology reveals greater acceptance of homosexualy ancient Athens than n be boasted wh today's world religns.

While Homer never explicly stat a gay relatnship between Achill and sikick Patrocl, many scholars read a romantic nnectn between the two, as only Patrocl ever drew out a passnate si to the famoly arrogant warrr. Rearcher Johanna Hypatia-Cybelaia wr that lbian and gay vote worshipped her as Artemis Orthia, and that lbian port Pamphilia referred to the godss hymn as Artemis Pergaea.

Above: Athena, center, a mural by John Sger SargentAphrodeWhile the godss of love is not intified promently as lbian herself, the Greek poet Sappho (as sapphic) of Lbos (y, as lbian) told many homoerotic tal and named Aphrode as the greatt patron and ally of lbians and homosexuals wh the Greek pantheon of gods. Above: Enrique Simo, El Juic Paris (1904)ErosWhile the bt-known myths of Eros pict the son of Aphrode as a fertily god -- the versn that proved spiratnal to the popularized Roman god Cupid -- later Greek myths portrayed Eros as one of several wged erot, and the one regard as a protector of homosexual culture, acrdg to rearch the scholarly book Among Women: From the Homosocial to the Homoerotic the Ancient World. In the cultur of the ancient world, there was no need for signatns such as LGBTQ+ bee there was no difference noted between what is now fed as "homosexual" and "heterosexual" relatnships.

GAY ASTRONTS: A FAL FRONTIER

There are not even words the ancient languag which translate to the morn-day "homosexual" and "heterosexual" which were only ed 1869 CE. The Greek term arsenoko, translated as "homosexual" the Bible for the first time 1946 CE, never existed until was ed by St.

Scholar Col Spencer not, "Bisexualy the male was accepted as natural and never drew adverse ment, but passive homosexualy ma the Egyptians feel uneasy. The tale of Sodom and Gomorrah om the Book of Genis is also monly ced attacks on the gay muny, but even Church Fathers such as Sat Ambrose (d.

While tolerance is often prented as a sign of civilizatn's progrs, a readg of Greek mythology reveals greater acceptance of homosexualy ancient Athens than n be seen wh today's world religns. Gay astronts would not always have been wele the space programs of the world, and many plac would still not be. In the Soviet Unn, beg gay was a crimal offense: any gay smonts om that era, if any exist, have kept secret.

SAPEVI CHE APOLLO è UN D GAY?

Michelle Evans is a rpected space historian and thor, as well as an expert advote for LGBTQ (Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr, and Queer) issu.

Their biggt worry is that anizg protts favor of gay and trans rights might lead to larger protts agast the untry’s learship — and this is somethg that will not be tolerated. Cocintally, was the summer of 1969, when NASA triumphed wh s Apollo 11 moon landg, that the Stonewall rts New York began an assertive time of grassroots prott and mand for equal rights for gay and trans Amerins.

GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME

Even then, until a Supreme Court lg of 2020, discrimatn employment was still wily rried this, gay Amerins were barred om feral employment by laws passed durg the same Cold War that had created the space program. Gay Amerins were prohibed om servg the ary, a policy only eased slightly wh 1993’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” directive.

Any gay astronts who were active ary members before this spent their reers forced to live a lie. They would also be put through a seri of qutns by psychologists, a profsn that listed homosexualy as a mental disorr to the mid-1970s, when they downgrad to the margally ls misguid “disturbance” of sexual orientatn.

NOT THE ONN: MOSW BANS GAY PRI FOR NEXT 100 YEARS

”“Gay employe would almost certaly stay the closet until after retirement, or even beyond, ” Michelle Evans explas. “A good example of the nservative nature of aerospace is Pete Knight, a pilot for the X-15 rocket plane who flew suborbal space missns, and how he handled his brother and his son g out as gay the late 1990s.

He disowned them, then worked as a California State Senator to create legislatn to harm gay people by not allowg them to be married. In such an atmosphere, I’m certa we wouldn’t have selected someone who was known to be gay. ”Wh so many reer obstacl before, durg, and after any attempt at beg an astront, did any gay applints make through before civil rights advocy abolished many of the more discrimatory hurdl?