The Supreme Court Rulgs That Have Shaped Gay Rights Ameri | HISTORY

Contents:

• GAY RIGHTS
• GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT
• AFTER YEARS OF PROGRS ON GAY RIGHTS, HOW DID THE US BEE SO ANTI-LGBTQ+?
• GAY RIGHTS VS. FREE SPEECHSUPREME COURT BACKS WEB DIGNER OPPOSED TO SAME-SEX MARRIAGE
• GAY RIGHTS
• A GAY UPLE RAN A RAL RTRANT PEACE. THEN NEW NEIGHBORS ARRIVED.
• ACTIVISTS NMN VLENCE AGAST LGBTQ MUNY ST. VCENT, WHERE GAY SEX IS ILLEGAL
• HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH: ANTI-GAY LAWS PROMOTE VLENCE, DISCRIMATN ST. VCENT
• LGBT RIGHTS AI: WILL KENYA BE THE LATT TO PASS ANTI-GAY LAW?
• LEGIMACY OF ‘CTOMER’ SUPREME COURT GAY RIGHTS SE RAIS ETHIL AND LEGAL FLAGS
• GAY RIGHTS ARE CIVIL RIGHTS
• HOE PASS SWEEPG GAY AND TRANSGENR EQUALY LEGISLATN
• THE SUPREME COURT RULGS THAT HAVE SHAPED GAY RIGHTS AMERI
• CIVIL RIGHTS LAW PROTECTS GAY AND TRANSGENR WORKERS, SUPREME COURT RUL
• SHOULD GAY MARRIAGE BE LEGAL?
• AMERINS’ SHIFTG ATTU ON GAY RIGHTS
• HIDN BRA: AMERI'S CHANGG ATTUS TOWARD GAY PEOPLE
• TMP PRI: GAY REPUBLINS ON WHY THEY'RE BACKG THE PRINT
• A SECRET AL BETWEEN JTIC JOHN ROBERTS AND ANTHONY KENNEDY ON GAY RIGHTS AND WHAT MEANS TODAY
• ESSAY ON GAY RIGHTS
• POPE FRANCIS LLS FOR END TO ANTI-GAY LAWS AND LGBTQ+ WELE OM CHURCH
• ARE GAY RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS?

GAY RIGHTS

In the Uned Stat the first major male anizatn, found 1950–51 by Harry Hay Los Angel, was the Mattache Society (s name reputedly rived om a medieval French society of masked players, the Société Mattache, to reprent the public “maskg” of homosexualy), while the Dghters of Bilis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons Bilis), found 1955 by Phyllis Lyon and Del Mart San Francis, was a leadg group for women. Other issu of primary importance for the gay rights movement sce the 1970s clud batg the HIV/AIDS epimic and promotg disease preventn and fundg for rearch; lobbyg ernment for nondiscrimatory polici employment, hog, and other aspects of civil society; endg the ban on ary service for gay and lbian dividuals; expandg hate crim legislatn to clu protectns for gays, cludg transgenr dividuals; and securg marriage rights for same-sex upl (see same-sex marriage). A rash of laws ncerng the teachg of human sexualy school curricula, banng trans stunt athlet and strippg parents of the right to help their genr-variant children obta appropriate re have popped up numero red stat this same-sex marriage is now part of the fabric of Ameri, nservativ have chosen to explo Amerins’ unfaiary wh trans people and piggyback on parental anger over the perceived overreach of Covid-era school closur, nflatg wh an sid sense of “wokens”, the hop of fdg an electorally viable sluiceway for anti-LGBTQ+ most famo of the anti-LGBTQ+ laws is the piece of Florida legislatn banng stctn on sexual orientatn or genr inty schools between krgarten and third gra, the so-lled “don’t say gay” law.

Photograph: Bob Daemmrich/Zuma Wire/Rex/ShutterstockPolicians are supported the media by mentators like Tucker Carlson, who claimed “no one had heard of this trans thg four years ago”, or Charlie Kirk, channelg 1980s fears sayg “gays want to rpt your children” rejuvenated, the right wg is poised to make transphobia and homophobia rnerston of the midterms and 2024 electns, wh promis to liver “don’t say gay” legislatn stat cludg Michigan and New Perks, the print of the Fay Rearch Council, a nservative lobbyg group, veighed agast the ernors of Indiana and Utah for vetog legislatn banng trans women om participatg sports, llg the bills “timely, mastream protectns”. ”The bs-iendly wg of the GOP that would quietly team up wh Democrats to scuttle rabidly homophobic bills is now outnumbered, and legislators a dozen or more stat that lean even farther to the right than DeSantis are takg, the Natnal Center for Lbian Rights legal director, believ Florida is the tt se for a renewed ph for an aggrsive, Christian-natnalist program.

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

ImageLorie Smh said her Christian fah requir her to turn away ctomers seekg servic to celebrate same-sex Woolf for The New York TimThe Supreme Court sid on Friday wh a web signer Colorado who said she had a First Amendment right to refe to sign weddg webs for same-sex upl spe a state law that forbids discrimatn agast gay people.

Kavangh and Amy Coney Barrett, shifted the urt to the urts have generally sid wh gay and lbian upl who were refed service by bakeri, florists and others, lg that potential ctomers are entled to equal treatment, at least parts of the untry wh laws forbiddg discrimatn based on sexual owners of bs challengg those laws have argued that the ernment should not force them to choose between the requirements of their fahs and their livelihoods. ETFriday’s lg was another reassurg cisn for relig celebratory moment outsi the Supreme Court on Friday, after the urt livered the latt a strg of judgments favor of relig Zuhaib/Associated PrsConservativ who have moral and theologil objectns to gay marriage saw the Supreme Court’s cisn on Friday as reassurance that they would be able to assert their beliefs a public square that they see as creasgly hostile to a 6-to-3 vote, spl along iologil l, the jtic agreed wh a web signer Colorado who said she had a First Amendment right to refe to provi servic for same-sex marriag, spe a state law that forbids discrimatn agast gay people.

AFTER YEARS OF PROGRS ON GAY RIGHTS, HOW DID THE US BEE SO ANTI-LGBTQ+?

Several siar s have centered on nservative Christian small bs owners who object to workg on gay weddgs specifilly, cludg a baker Colorado, two vatn signers Arizona and a Kentucky-based a news nference shortly after the lg was issued, Krist Waggoner, general unsel for Alliance Defendg Freedom, which reprented Ms. ” She said her nsiratn acceptg work as a webse signer was the “msage” of the se, not the inty of the Smh’s portfol clus webs for church, real tate pani and polil many nservative Christians hailed the cisn on Friday, drew cricism om some progrsive Christians and terfah groups, cludg those that serve gay people of fah.

ETHere’s how urt battl over servg same-sex upl have played out the Cote for The New York TimIn the latt se volvg same-sex marriage rights, relig eedom and discrimatn, the Supreme Court on Friday led favor of a web signer Colorado who said she had a First Amendment right not to provi servic for same-sex marriag spe a state law that bans discrimatn agast gay ’s a brief look at some of the most proment s before Friday’s:A Colorado baker ws urtIn June 2018, the Supreme Court led favor of a Colorado baker who refed to bake a weddg ke for a gay uple.

GAY RIGHTS VS. FREE SPEECHSUPREME COURT BACKS WEB DIGNER OPPOSED TO SAME-SEX MARRIAGE

The urt’s cisn mak easier for bs Bra to cle ctomer requts that are at odds wh their dispute began 2014, when Gareth Lee, a gay rights activist Northern Ireland, sought to buy a ke for a party om Ashers Bakg Company Belfast that showed two “Same Street” characters, Bert and Ernie; a logo for his group, QueerSpace; and the slogan supportg gay marriage. A florist Washgton State says her rights were vlatedIn 2013, Barronelle Stutzman, the owner of a flower shop the small cy of Richland, southeastern Washgton, refed to create floral arrangements for a gay uple’s two grooms, Robert Ingersoll and Curt Freed, had prevly bought flowers at her store, Arlene’s Flowers.

”Invatn signers sue the cy of PhoenixThe Arizona Supreme Court agreed to hear arguments January after two Christian vatn signers said they would refe to create weddg vatns for same-sex upl if Da and Breanna Koski, evangelil Christians and the owners of Bsh & Nib Stud, sued the cy of Phoenix 2016, sayg they feared legal retributn if they did not fulfill requts om gay or lbian upl. After the 2020 electn, Colorado bee a center of electn nspiraci, a e embraced by some of s state is “a nice enpsulatn on what lims have been placed on the Christian right and what power and fluence they n still yield, ” William Schultz, a historian at the Universy of Chigo Divy School who is workg on a book about Christian culture Colorado Sprgs, said last 1992, voters the state passed what was nsired at the time to be an unual ballot iative prohibg Colorado om regnizg gay, lbian and bisexual people as a protected class. PetersCoverg the media's tersectn wh polics, culture and lawThree years ago, Jtice Neil Gorsuch, who wrote today's opn favor of the webse signer who oppos same-sex marriage, was the thor of a very different opn om the urt, lg that a landmark civil rights law protects gay and transgenr employe om workplace discrimatn.

”The se, though amed as a clash between ee speech and gay rights, was the latt a seri of cisns favor of relig people and groups, notably nservative Christians, who celebrated the lg on Friday as a victory for relig dissent, Jtice Sonia Sotomayor lled the lg “profoundly wrong, ” argug that the Colorado anti-discrimatn law “targets nduct, not speech, for regulatn, and the act of discrimatn has never nstuted protected exprsn unr the First Amendment. At the same time, the lg limed the abily of the ernments to enforce anti-discrimatn urts have generally sid wh gay and lbian upl who were refed service by bakeri, florists and others, lg that potential ctomers are entled to equal treatment, at least parts of the untry wh laws forbiddg discrimatn based on sexual orientatn. AdvertisementArticle ntu below this adSeveral reported that their fai are homophobic and physilly and verbally abed them, g them to bee homels and promptg some to nsir also stggle to fd jobs amid a high unemployment rate and said they face discrimatn, cludg a 19-year-old gay man who said he has rorted to beggg: “Sometim I am so hungry.

GAY RIGHTS

The Ugandan law is regard as one of the harsht anti-LGBTQ laws the propos life imprisonment for anyone nvicted of homosexualy, and the ath penalty for so-lled aggravated s, which clu havg gay sex wh someone below the age of 18 or where someone be fected wh a life-long illns such as the other si of the ntent, MPs Ghana earlier this month unanimoly voted favour of amendments to the untry's anti-gay legislatn, phg closer to beg enacted to law.

A GAY UPLE RAN A RAL RTRANT PEACE. THEN NEW NEIGHBORS ARRIVED.

Image source, Getty ImagImage ptn, Many Kenyans believe that gay rights are agast their relign - whether Christian or MlimAlthough the meetg Uganda was billed as an attempt to protect the "sovereignty" of Ain stat, was actually -sponsored by an Amerin Christian right-wg anisatn, Fay Watch Internatnal (FWI) Kapya Kaoma, a Zambian prit the Anglin Church and an amic at Boston Universy the US, says Ain untri are beg targeted by FWI and siar US-based anisatns, and that the impact of s lobbyg has been "horrible and humane" parts of Ai, fuellg what he lls "ant homophobia". “I am eply alarmed by a wispread, profoundly negative ripti created by liberate actns to roll back the human rights of LGBT people at state level, ” he said, notg that the clu eply discrimatory measur seekg to rebuild stigma agast lbian and gay persons, limg prehensive sexual and genr tn for all, and accs to genr-affirmg treatment, sports and sgle-sex facili for trans and genr diverse persons. "The ADF is untg on you to jo them seeg the LGBTQ muny as an outsized threat pared to the actual percentage of adult Amerins who intify as lbian, gay, bisexual or transgenr, " Greenmh Supreme Court's cisn the se is "yet another weapon the arsenal or arm of the octop" of the "same people who are phg the legislatn, " Greenmh Amerins support LGBTQ rights, surveys fdAnother recent survey also found most Amerins support nondiscrimatn protectns for LGBTQ Amerin adults – cludg two-thirds of those intifyg as Catholics or Christians – disagree wh relig-based nial of medil re, employment or other servic to LGBTQ dividuals, acrdg to a September 2022 survey nducted by the Universy of Chigo partnership wh the Williams Instute, a thk tank dited to genr inty and sexual orientatn rearch at the Universy of California Los Angel School of, pollg that asks qutns on the right of a bs owner to refe service based on their relig beliefs shows more mixed rults.

ACTIVISTS NMN VLENCE AGAST LGBTQ MUNY ST. VCENT, WHERE GAY SEX IS ILLEGAL

Promisg the ernment would implement the “vast majory” of Etherton’s remendatns, Wallace said he would fully update the Commons a formal bate about the issue after the about pensatn, Wallace said he hoped to fd “an elegant solutn that match the need and the requirements of those dividuals”, promisg to set this out after Kelly Holm, who served the army and me out as gay last year, was among mpaigners who weled the apology.

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH: ANTI-GAY LAWS PROMOTE VLENCE, DISCRIMATN ST. VCENT

” In short, this particular victory for gay rights was based not on the fundamental equaly or digny of gay and transgenr Amerins, as prev Supreme Court cisns have been; was based on the meang of a sgle opn also hts at a potentially ser obstacle on the horizon: claims by employers that beg prohibed om discrimatg agast gay and transgenr workers vlat their relig nvictns. Such claims are likely to fd a sympathetic ear among this Supreme Court’s nservative majory, which has repeatedly voted to protect if not promote relign and relig now, however, Monday’s cisn is a victory to savor, the next major step a le of gay rights cisns stretchg back nearly a quarter century, and until now wrten solely by Jtice Anthony Kennedy.

Sce then, the hight feral urt the untry has weighed on about a dozen other LGBTQ rights-related s, which have had powerful impacts on the gay rights movement and the liv of LGBTQ Supreme Court's First Gay Rights CaseSCOTUS's first gay rights se foced on the First Amendment—specifilly, how the rights of ee speech and prs apply to homosexual ntent.

The vastly nsequential cisn th extend workplace protectns to lns of people across the natn, ntug a seri of Supreme Court victori for gay rights even after Print Tmp transformed the urt wh his two cisn achieved a s-long goal of gay rights proponents, one they had ially nsired much easier to achieve than a nstutnal right to same-sex marriage. On July 25, 2014 Miami-Da County Circu Court Judge Sarah Zabel led Florida’s gay marriage ban unnstutnal and stated that the ban “serv only to hurt, to discrimate, to prive same-sex upl and their fai of equal digny, to label and treat them as send-class cizens, and to em them unworthy of participatn one of the fundamental stutns of our society.

LGBT RIGHTS AI: WILL KENYA BE THE LATT TO PASS ANTI-GAY LAW?

2016 printial ndidate and former Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fra stated that civil unns are aquate as an equivalent to marriage: “Benefs are beg btowed to gay upl [ civil unns]… I believe we need to rpect those who believe that the word marriage has a spirual foundatn… Why n’t we rpect and tolerate that while at the same time sayg ernment nnot btow benefs unequally. Court papers filed July 2014 by attorneys fendg Arizona’s gay marriage ban stated that “the State regulat marriage for the primary purpose of channelg potentially procreative sexual relatnships to endurg unns for the sake of jog children to both their mother and their father… Same-sex upl n never provi a child wh both her blogil mother and her blogil father. Queer activist Anrs Zanichkowsky stated June 2013 that the then mpaign for gay marriage “tentnally and malicly eras and exclus so many queer people and cultur, particularly trans and genr non-nformg people, poor queer people, and queer people non-tradnal fai… marriage thks non-married people are viant and not tly servg of civil rights.

Ls than 50 percent said they should be hired as doctors or clergy, and jt over a quarter said they should be hired as elementary school, nearly all Amerins, 93 percent, believe lbian and gay people should have equal accs to jobs — wh 91 percent sayg they should be hired as doctors and 81 percent sayg they should be hired as elementary school teachers.

LEGIMACY OF ‘CTOMER’ SUPREME COURT GAY RIGHTS SE RAIS ETHIL AND LEGAL FLAGS

Those that did, though, varly say they’re troducg them to guard parents’ rights or prevent doctratn by teachers, though they were often unclear about what specific impact they expect the laws to John Kavanagh, Arizona, was one of the few lawmakers who agreed to speak on the rerd about the bill he sponsored, which would require parents to give approval for their children to jo gay-straight allianc at schools or other such clubs. “Some of this is polil grandstandg and vote-panrg, but there’s also an thentic anxiety around parents and nonparents alike that Ameri’s children are beg Pied-Pipered by the vague and distant threats, they’re vadg the muny through the schools, ” said Adam Laats, a profsor of tn and history at the State Universy of New York, ia that gay teachers are recg stunts who need to be protected is a particularly vic theme that rells the latter half of the 20th century, Laats said, which at that time rulted thefirg of sr of teachers—a procs ually spearhead by state lawmakers, but was also supported by teachers’ unns, ci, and others.

What mak the surge of legislative tert particularly plited is that stat have historilly not provid much guidance on how their schools should addrs LGBTQ the 1980s and 1990s, durg the height of the HIV epimic, a number of stat passed laws proscribg mentn of homosexualy; many, but not all, have sce been rolled back. STEVE INSKEEP, HOST: We have a eper look this morng at one of the most profound shifts public attus ever rerd - 's the public view of people who are gay and much of this natn's history, of urse, the vast majory of people disapproved of homosexualy so strongly that anyone who me out was guaranteed to face difficulty and even risked danger. Dale – Uned Stat Supreme CourtThe Supreme Court led that New Jersey uld not enforce s nondiscrimatn laws to force the Boy Suts to allow gay sutmasters the state — reversg a lower-urt cisn that had led favor of allowg Jam Dale to serve as an assistant end of sodomy Schlegel/The Dallas Morng News, via Associated Prs2003: Lawrence v.

Brien – Iowa Supreme CourtThe Iowa Supreme Court ma history when issued the first unanimo cisn affirmg the right of same-sex upl to marry — a cisn that also led to Iowa beg the first state the Midwt where same-sex upl uld Raedle/Getty Imag2010: In re Gill – Florida Third District Court of AppealFor s, Florida law tegorilly barred gay people om adoptg children.

GAY RIGHTS ARE CIVIL RIGHTS

But a Morng Consult poll om June found 19 percent of LGBTQ voters backed Tmp, while GLAAD's State of LGBTQ Voters report September reported jt 17 percent of LGBTQ registered voters were supportg the 's poll rults were siar to ex poll fdgs om 2016, which found that lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr voters backed Hillary Clton over Tmp by 74 percent to 14 percent.

However, most shared wh gay men the sire to have a secure place the world muny at large, unchallenged by the fear of vlence, the stggle for equal treatment unr the law, the attempt to silence, and any other form of civil behavur that impos send-class article was most recently revised and updated by Alison Eldridge. The se is beg terpreted by the protters as a step towards legimisg LGBTQ+ general secretary for Malawi Council of Church (MCC), the Rev Alemekezeke Chikondi Phiri, who helped anise Thursday’s march the ci of Lilongwe, Blantyre, Mzuzu and Zomba said the Christian church are not agast dividuals but that the practice of homosexualy is a s.

1 ln gift to the Marriage & Fay Foundatn, a group that promoted so-lled tradnal marriage and opposed both gay marriage and divorce; $480, 000 to the Fellowship of Christian Athlet, an athletic anizatn that requir applints to agree to a “sexual pury statement” that nmns LGBTQ people for livg “impure liftyle[s]”; and $1, 000 to Exod Internatnal, a group that promot anti-gay nversn therapy. “The oute of s like this other circumstanc mt awa further elaboratn the urts, all the ntext of regnizg that the disput mt be rolved wh tolerance, whout undue disrpect to scere relig beliefs, and whout subjectg gay persons to digni when they seek goods and servic an open market, ” Kennedy wrote, reflectg his ntued tentativens.

HOE PASS SWEEPG GAY AND TRANSGENR EQUALY LEGISLATN

Gay rights advot say the antiquated laws are ed to jtify harassment, and pot to new legislatn, such as the “Don’t say gay” law Florida, which forbids stctn on sexual orientatn and genr inty om krgarten up to third gra, as evince of ntued efforts to margalise LGBTQ+ UN has repeatedly lled for an end to laws crimalisg homosexualy outright, sayg they vlate rights to privacy and eedom om discrimatn and are a breach of untri’ obligatns unr ternatnal law to protect the human rights of all people, regardls of their sexual orientatn or genr inty. Key potsIn the late 1960s and 1970s, Native Amerins, gay men, lbians, and women anized to change discrimatory laws and pursue ernment support for their terts, a strategy known as inty groups, whose aims and tactics posed a challenge to the existg state of affairs, often met wh hostily om dividuals, lol officials, and the US ernment. Shortly thereafter, the Gay Liberatn Front and Gay Activists’ Alliance were formed; the anizatns began to prott discrimatn, homophobia, and vlence agast gay people, and promoted gay liberatn and gay advocy anizatns lled for gay men and lbians to e out—reveal their sexual orientatn—gay and lbian muni moved om the urban unrground to the polil sphere.

THE SUPREME COURT RULGS THAT HAVE SHAPED GAY RIGHTS AMERI

Eventually, opponents of LGBT rights — often allied wh an emergg Relig Right reprented by the lik of Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson — saw the value gog on offense: By advancg ballot measur that blocked protectns for gay people, anti-gay activists forced the LGBT muny to engage (and often lose) expensive fensive efforts.

CIVIL RIGHTS LAW PROTECTS GAY AND TRANSGENR WORKERS, SUPREME COURT RUL

SHOULD GAY MARRIAGE BE LEGAL?

AMERINS’ SHIFTG ATTU ON GAY RIGHTS

HIDN BRA: AMERI'S CHANGG ATTUS TOWARD GAY PEOPLE

TMP PRI: GAY REPUBLINS ON WHY THEY'RE BACKG THE PRINT

A SECRET AL BETWEEN JTIC JOHN ROBERTS AND ANTHONY KENNEDY ON GAY RIGHTS AND WHAT MEANS TODAY

ESSAY ON GAY RIGHTS

POPE FRANCIS LLS FOR END TO ANTI-GAY LAWS AND LGBTQ+ WELE OM CHURCH

ARE GAY RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS?