The gay gene was first intified 1993 as a rrelatn between the geic marker Xq28 and gay male sexualy. The rults of this origal study were never replited, and the blogil realy of such an enty remas hypothetil. However, spe such tenuo provenance, the gay gene has p …
Contents:
- SCIENTISTS QUASH IA OF SGLE 'GAY GENE'
- THE REAL STORY ON GAY GEN
- THE LIFE OF THE GAY GENE: OM HYPOTHETIL GEIC MARKER TO SOCIAL REALY
- SEARCH FOR 'GAY GEN' COM UP SHORT IN LARGE NEW STUDY
- NO ‘GAY GENE’: MASSIVE STUDY HOM ON GEIC BASIS OF HUMAN SEXUALY
- THE 'GAY GENE' IS A MYTH BUT BEG GAY IS 'NATURAL,' SAY SCIENTISTS
- WHAT DO THE NEW ‘GAY GEN’ TELL ABOUT SEXUAL ORIENTATN?
SCIENTISTS QUASH IA OF SGLE 'GAY GENE'
* who discovered the gay gene *
Humans have tried to unrstand human sexualy for centuri — and geics rearchers joed the ay the early 1990s after a seri of studi on tws suggted homosexualy ran fai. “As a teenager tryg to unrstand myself and unrstand my sexualy, I looked at the ter for “the gay gene” and obvly me across Xq28,” said Fah Sathirapongsasuti, a study -thor and senr scientist at 23andMe, which he joked once led him to believe he hered his gayns om his mother.
The rearchers had members of the same-sex muny review the study’s sign and language, and they adm that their termology and fns for gay, lbian and heterosexual do not reflect the full nature of the sexualy ntuum. “[Our study] unrsr an important role for the environment shapg human sexual behavr and perhaps most importantly there is no sgle gay gene but rather the ntributn of many small geic effects sttered across the genome,” Neale said.
THE REAL STORY ON GAY GEN
A vast new study has quashed the ia that a sgle “gay gene” exists, scientists say, stead fdg homosexual behavur is fluenced by a multu of geic variants which each have a ty rearchers pare the suatn to factors termg a person’s height, which multiple geic and environmental factors play rol. “The rults suggt we shouldn’t be measurg sexual preference on a sgle ntuum om straight to gay, but rather two separate dimensns: attractn to the same sex and attractn to the oppose sex. It also relied on self-reported ia that geics might play a role same-sex attractn was propelled to the spotlight 1993 when Dean Hamer, a scientist at the US Natnal Cancer Instute, and his team found lks between DNA markers on the X chromosome and male sexual fdgs ed nsirable ntroversy, wh the media dubbg the disvery the “gay gene”.
Still others, backg the same e, disurage any vtigatn to the blogil origs of sexual orientatn, fearful that posive rults will lead to attempts to rid the world of potential homosexuals. For them, the disvery of how an dividual be gay is likely to shed light on how sexualy-related gen build bras, how people of any persuasn are attracted to each other, and perhaps even how homosexualy evolved. Hamer had jt published a study that claimed not only to have fally proved that male homosexualy was at least partially geic but also to have ppoted the stretch of chromosome where one of the gen volved rid.
Hamer and his lleagu nducted extensive terviews wh 76 pairs of gay brothers and their fay members and found that homosexualy seemed to be hered through the maternal le. For a long perd NIH grant proposals that clud words like “gay, ” “ndom, ” or even “sexualy” were turned down, much to the ire of rearchers like Hamer. Yet Hamer ntends that his rults suggt there is a lk to Xq28 and that the Rice study was biased bee one of the thors told Hamer that he didn’t believe a gay gene uld exist.
THE LIFE OF THE GAY GENE: OM HYPOTHETIL GEIC MARKER TO SOCIAL REALY
Whether or not a gay gene, a set of gay gen, or some other blogil mechanism is ever found, one thg is clear: The environment a child grows up has nothg to do wh what mak most gay men gay.
Ially, Bocklandt would sn the genome of each dividual, lookg for a methylatn pattern anywhere on any chromosome that shows up repeatedly the gay member of each tw pair. Alan Sanrs, an associate profsor of psychiatry at Northwtern, will be lookg at the whole genome of about 1, 000 gay brothers g the geic marker technique that Hamer ed. By settg up a stand at Gay Pri paras and approachg “gay iendly” groups like PFLAG (Parents, Fai and Friends of Lbians and Gays), Sanrs has found more than 4, 000 gay men wh a brother who are terted participatg.
SEARCH FOR 'GAY GEN' COM UP SHORT IN LARGE NEW STUDY
Even if social prsur through the ag led some gay men to have some children, the signifintly lower rate of reproductn would eventually lead to the disappearance of the gene (as Hamer do note his book, The Science of Dire: The Search for the Gay Gene and the Blogy of Behavr). ) The creased number of grandchildren that a parent might have through such a superfertile dghter would offset whatever loss of geic postery om havg a gay son.
Whatever the mechanism, turns out that an Italian study found that women wh gay fay members have more children than women wh all straight relativ. Andrea Camper-Ciani, a profsor of ethology and evolutnary psychology at the Universy of Padua, terviewed 98 gay men and 100 straight men and found that the mothers of gay men had an average of 2. ”Another way to pass on the seemgly nonreproducg gay gene would be for a nonreproducg gay man to have an extra tert seeg that the offsprg of his siblgs survive.
NO ‘GAY GENE’: MASSIVE STUDY HOM ON GEIC BASIS OF HUMAN SEXUALY
In addn to lookg at how they spent their money, Rahman tried to see if gay men had some kd of extra psychologil generosy by askg qutns like, “Assumg you had a ln pounds, would you buy gifts for your fay?
THE 'GAY GENE' IS A MYTH BUT BEG GAY IS 'NATURAL,' SAY SCIENTISTS
But 21st-century Wtern society, and the homosexuals there, uld be somethg of an anomaly human history, acrdg to Pl Vasey, an associate profsor of psychology at the Universy of Lethbridge Alberta. “The kd of gay men and lbian women we are faiar wh Wtern culture exprs their homosexualy as egalarian—they’re not differentiated as far as genr.
Another problem wh kship selectn studi that look only England and, particular, the Uned Stat, is that kship ti for homosexuals might not be as strong as they would be elsewhere. “The Uned Stat is profoundly homophobic, ” says Vasey, “so you n’t be directg altism at your fay members if they’ve kicked you out and you’ve moved to the other si of the untry.
The men, who grow up to drs and act like women and are extremely tegrated to their society, would be offend to fd themselv scribed as homosexual. To put the kibosh on the ia that the evolutn of a gay gene prents an unsolvable nundm, Sergey Gavrilets, a theoretil evolutnary blogist at the Universy of Tennsee, veloped a mathematil mol of how a set of what he lls “sexually antagonistic” gen might evolve.
WHAT DO THE NEW ‘GAY GEN’ TELL ABOUT SEXUAL ORIENTATN?
”) But he did clu Camper-Ciani’s rults and also assumed that gay gen would be passed down on the mother’s si, on the X chromosome, as dited by mol shows that over centuri an effect you might ll the homophobe’s paradox has been at work on the human genome: The more tolerant the society, the more likely is to mata gay gen.
Image, for stance, that for every extra child that such a gay gene–rryg woman has, a gay man n have one fewer and the balance necsary for the survival of the gene is still mataed. ” On the other hand, the more tolerant the society, the more gay men n be ee to be who they are, so the more likely they will be childls—and the more difficult will be for any female the fay to make up for the loss. Ray Blanchard, a psychiatric rearcher at the Universy of Toronto, found 1996 that men wh olr brothers were more likely to be gay than those whout.
If the likelihood that a uple’s first son will be gay is 2 percent (a reasonable gus), Blanchard says, the probabily that the 5th son will be gay is only 6 percent.