Gay Marriage - DOMA, 14th Amendment & Supreme Court | HISTORY

Contents:

• ONE OF N.L.'S FIRST MARRIED GAY UPL LOOK BACK WH PRI
• GAY MARRIAGE
• CANADA LEGALIZ GAY MARRIAGE
• RIGHTS OF LGBTI PERSONS
• GAY RIGHTS

ONE OF N.L.'S FIRST MARRIED GAY UPL LOOK BACK WH PRI

That year, the Supreme Court of Canada upheld a lg that labelled Everett Klippert a "dangero sexual offenr" and threw him prison for admtg he was gay and that he had sex wh other, homosexual Canadians enjoy much more eedom and societal acceptance.

In 1967, Klippert is sent to prison fely as a "dangero sex offenr, " a sentence that was backed up by the Supreme Court of Canada that same 22, 1967Jtice Mister Pierre T propos amendments to the Crimal Co which, among other thgs, would relax the laws agast 1969, amendments that Prime Mister Pierre T had proposed when he was jtice mister to the Crimal Co to crimalize homosexualy are passed.

"1969T's amendments pass to the Crimal Co, crimalizg homosexualy 20, 1971Everett Klippert is 16, 1977Quebec clus sexual orientatn s Human Rights Co, makg the first provce Canada to pass a gay civil rights law. The ernment ws on appeal 1996 and the cisn is November 1997, the se go to the Supreme Court of Canada and on April 2, 1998, the high urt unanimoly l that the excln of homosexuals om Alberta's Individual Rights Protectn Act is a vlatn of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

GAY MARRIAGE

November 1992The feral urt lifts the untry's ban on homosexuals the ary, allowg gays and lbians to serve the armed 9, 1992As promised, Jtice Mister Kim Campbell troduc Bill C-108, which would add "sexual orientatn" to the Canadian Human Rights Act. But the act, which would also rtrict the fn of "maral stat" to oppose-sex upl, don't pass first June 3, 1993, the Senate pass Bill S-15, another attempt at addg "sexual orientatn" to the Canadian Human Rights Act, but the bill don't make to the Hoe of Commons bee Parliament is dissolved for the 1993 feral 23, 1993In the Mossop se, the Supreme Court of Canada l that the nial of bereavement leave to a gay partner is not discrimatn based on fay stat fed the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Supreme Court also not that if Sectn 15 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms had been argued, the lg might have been 1995The Supreme Court l on the se volvg Jim Egan and Jack Nb, two gay men who sued Ottawa for the right to claim a spoal pensn unr the Old Age Secury Act.

However, all ne judg agree that sexual orientatn is a protected ground and that protectn extends to partnerships of lbians and gay 1995An Ontar Court judge fds that the Child and Fay Servic Act of Ontar g Sectn 15 of the Charter by not allowg same-sex upl to brg a jot applitn for adoptn.

The followg day, Runciman reerat the ernment's posn, sayg the marriag will not be legally 10, 2002Ontar Superr Court Jtice Robert McKnon l that a gay stunt has the right to take his boyiend to the prom. Nearly two dozen homosexual upl applied for marriage licenc Ontar on June 17, 2003Prime Mister Jean Chrétien announc legislatn to make same-sex marriag legal, while at the same time permtg church and other relig groups to "sanctify marriage as they see . S., vote to ask Ottawa to regnize same-sex marriage the same way as heterosexual 9, 2003A gay and lbian group go to trial agast the feral ernment an attempt to force Ottawa to extend survivor benefs to exclud gays and lbians.

CANADA LEGALIZ GAY MARRIAGE

Gay and lbian partners — pursug Canadian Pensn Plan benefs om their ceased partners — say the feral ernment is discrimatg agast them and have filed a $400-ln class-actn 27, 2003Alliance Lear Stephen Harper Thursday fir MP Larry Spencer as fay issu cric after Spencer said homosexualy should be 19, 2003An Ontar urt l that Ottawa has discrimated agast same-sex upl by nyg benefs to those whose partners died before 1998. This adds to the three origal qutns sent to the top urt 19, 2004The Quebec Court of Appeal l that homosexuals have the right to marry, and that the tradnal fn of marriage is discrimatory and unjtified. "No church, no temple, no synagogue, no mosque, no relig official will be asked or forced to perform a marriage that is ntrary to their beliefs, " says Prime Mister Pl 25, 2005Four gay upl New Bnswick file papers wh the provce's Court of Appeal askg to refe marriage to clu same-sex unns.

S., the ary's first gay 20, 2005Jason Perro and Col Snow, a same-sex uple om Yellowknife, sue the ernment of the Northwt Terrori over the right to be 23, 2005New Bnswick's Court of Queen's Bench fds the provce's current fn of civil marriage vlat the rights of gay people.

By one vote, the urt l that same-sex marriage nnot be banned the Uned Stat and that all same-sex marriag mt be regnized natnwi, fally grantg same-sex upl equal rights to heterosexual upl unr the 1971, jt two years after the Stonewall Rts that unofficially marked the begng of the stggle for gay rights and marriage equaly, the Mnota Supreme Court had found same-sex marriage bans nstutnal, a precent which the Supreme Court had never challenged. As homosexualy gradually beme more accepted Amerin culture, the nservative backlash was strong enough to force Print Bill Clton to sign the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), prohibg the regnn of same-sex marriag at the feral level, to law 1996. The mtee mak clear that homosexuals experience overwhelmg discrimatory treatment Canada, and remends that the Canadian Human Rights Act be changed to make illegal to discrimate based on sexual orientatn.

RIGHTS OF LGBTI PERSONS

Early Years: Same-Sex Marriage Bans In 1970, jt one year after the historic Stonewall Rts that galvanized the gay rights movement, law stunt Richard Baker and librarian Jam McConnell applied for a marriage license Gerald Nelson rejected their applitn bee they were a same-sex uple, and a trial urt upheld his cisn. ” This lg effectively blocked feral urts om lg on same-sex marriage for s, leavg the cisn solely the hands of stat, which alt blow after blow to those hopg to see gay marriage beg 1973, for stance, Maryland beme the first state to create a law that explicly f marriage as a unn between a man and woman, a belief held by many nservative relig groups.

Though the gay rights movement saw some advancements the 1970s and 1980s—such as Harvey Milk beg the first openly gay man elected to public office the untry 1977—the fight for gay marriage ma ltle headway for many years.

GAY RIGHTS

In 1989, the San Francis Board of Supervisors passed an ordance that allowed homosexual upl and unmarried heterosexual upl to register for domtic partnerships, which granted hospal visatn rights and other years later, the District of Columbia siarly passed a new law that allowed same-sex upl to register as domtic partners. C., 1993, the hight urt Hawaii led that a ban on same-sex marriage may vlate that state nstutn’s Equal Protectn Clse—the first time a state urt has ever ched toward makg gay marriage Hawaii Supreme Court sent the se—brought by a gay male uple and two lbian upl who were nied marriage licens 1990—back for further review to the lower First Circu Court, which 1991 origally dismissed the the state tried to prove that there was “pellg state tert” jtifyg the ban, the se would be tied up ligatn for the next three Defense of Marriage Act Opponents of gay marriage, however, did not s on their hnch.

Congrs 1996 passed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which Print Bill Clton signed to didn’t ban gay marriage outright but specified that only heterosexual upl uld be granted feral marriage benefs. That is, even if a state ma gay marriage legal, same-sex upl still wouldn’t be able to file e tax jotly, sponsor spo for immigratn benefs or receive spoal Social Secury payments, among many other act was a huge setback for the marriage equaly movement, but transient good news arose three months later: Hawaii Judge Kev S.