Why are gay men more at risk for HIV? - Greater Than HIV

Contents:

• HIV AND ALL GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN
• IS AIDS A “GAY” DISEASE?
• WHY ARE GAY MEN MORE AT RISK FOR HIV?
• NST T="UNFED"!=TYPEOF HTMLIMAGEELEMENT&&"LOADG" HTMLIMAGEELEMENT.PROTOTYPE;IF(T){NST T=DOCUMENT.QUERYSELECTORALL("IMG[DATA-MA-IMAGE]");FOR(LET E OF T){(E.SETATTRIBUTE("SRC",),E.REMOVEATTRIBUTE("DATA-SRC")),(E.SETATTRIBUTE("SRCSET",),E.REMOVEATTRIBUTE("DATA-SRCSET"));NST T=E.PARENTNO.QUERYSELECTORALL("SOURCE[DATA-SRCSET]");FOR(LET E OF T)E.SETATTRIBUTE("SRCSET",),E.REMOVEATTRIBUTE("DATA-SRCSET");PLETE&&(,E.PARENTNO.PARENTNO.QUERYSELECTOR("[DATA-PLACEHOLR-IMAGE]"))}}HIV BASICSOVERVIEWABOUT HIV & AIDSWHAT ARE HIV AND AIDS?HOW IS HIV TRANSMTED?WHO IS AT RISK FOR HIV?SYMPTOMS OF HIVDATA & TRENDSU.S. STATISTICSIMPACT ON RACIAL AND ETHNIC MORIGLOBAL STATISTICSHISTORYHIV AND AIDS TIMELEMAKG A DIFFERENCESUPPORTG SOMEONE LIVG WH HIVSTANDG UP TO STIGMAGETTG INVOLVEDHIV PREVENTNUSG HIV MEDITN TO RCE RISKHIV TREATMENT AS PREVENTNPRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (PREP)POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (PEP)RCG SEXUAL RISKPREVENTG SEXUAL TRANSMISSN OF HIVRCG RISK OM ALHOL & DG USEALHOL AND HIV RISKSUBSTANCE USE AND HIV RISKRCG RISK OF PERATAL TRANSMISSNPREVENTG PERATAL TRANSMISSN OF HIVPOTENTIAL FUTURE OPTNSHIV VACCLONG-ACTG HIV PREVENTN TOOLSMICROBICISHIV TTGLEARN ABOUT HIV TTGWHO SHOULD GET TTED?HIV TTG LOTNSHIV TTG OVERVIEWUNRSTANDG HIV TT RULTSJT DIAGNOSED: WHAT'S NEXT?LIVG WH HIVTALKG ABOUT YOUR HIV STATSTARTG HIV CAREFD A PROVIRLOTE AN HIV CARE PROVIRTYP OF PROVIRSTAKE CHARGE OF YOUR CAREGETTG READY FOR YOUR FIRST VISWHAT TO EXPECT AT YOUR FIRST HIV CARE VISSTAYG HIV CAREPROVIR VISS AND LAB TTSMAKG CARE WORK FOR YOUSEEG YOUR HEALTH CARE PROVIRHIV LAB TTS AND RULTSRETURNG TO CAREHIV TREATMENTHIV TREATMENT OVERVIEWVIRAL SUPPRSN AND UNTECTABLE VIRAL LOAD TAKG YOUR HIV MEDICE AS PRCRIBEDTIPS ON TAKG YOUR HIV MEDITN EVERY DAYPAYG FOR HIV CARE AND TREATMENTOTHER RELATED HEALTH ISSUOTHER HEALTH ISSU OF SPECIAL CONCERN FOR PEOPLE LIVG WH HIVALHOL AND DG USECORONAVIS (COVID-19) AND PEOPLE WH HIVHEPATIS B & CIMMUNIZATNS AND PEOPLE WH HIVFLU AND PEOPLE WH HIVMENTAL HEALTHMPOX AND PEOPLE WH HIVOPPORTUNISTIC INFECTNSSEXUALLY TRANSMTED INFECTNSSMOKGHIV AND WOMEN'S HEALTH ISSULIVG WELL WH HIVTAKG CARE OF YOURSELFAGG WH HIVEMERGENCI AND DISASTERS AND HIVEMPLOYMENT AND HEALTHEXERCISE AND PHYSIL ACTIVYFOOD SAFETY AND NUTRNHOG AND HEALTHTRAVELG OUTSI THE U.S.YOUR LEGAL RIGHTSCIVIL RIGHTSWORKPLACE RIGHTSLIMS ON CONFINTIALYFERAL RPONSENATNAL HIV/AIDS STRATEGYNATNAL HIV/AIDS STRATEGY (2022-2025)PRR NATNAL HIV/AIDS STRATEGI (2010-2021)ENDG THE HIV EPIMICABOUT ENDG THE HIV EPIMIC THE U.S.OVERVIEWKEY STRATEGIPRRY JURISDICTNSHHS AGENCI INVOLVEDFUNDGTIMELELEARN MORE ABOUT EHEREADY, SET, PREPREADY, SET, PREPREADY, SET, PREP PHARMACIREADY, SET, PREP ROURCAHEADAHEAD: AMERI’S HIV EPIMIC ANALYSIS DASHBOARDFERAL ACTIVI & AGENCIHIV PREVENTN ACTIVIHIV TTG ACTIVIHIV CARE AND TREATMENT ACTIVIHIV REARCH ACTIVIACTIVI COMBATG HIV STIGMA AND DISCRIMATNPOLICI & ISSUTHE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT AND HIV/AIDSHIV CARE CONTUUMSYRGE SERVIC PROGRAMSFUNDGBUDGETFERAL FUNDG FOR HIV/AIDSMORY HIV/AIDS FUNDOVERVIEWBACKGROUNDFUND ACTIVITHE FUND ACTNPACHAABOUT PACHACHARTERMEMBERS & STAFFSUBMTEPRR PACHA MEETGS AND REMENDATNSCAMPAIGNSI AM A WORK OF ART CAMPAIGNAWARENS CAMPAIGNSPEPFAR & GLOBAL AIDSGLOBAL HIV/AIDS OVERVIEWPEPFARU.S. GOVERNMENT GLOBAL HIV/AIDS ACTIVIGLOBAL HIV/AIDS ORGANIZATNSEVENTSAWARENS DAYSNATNAL BLACK HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY FEBARY 7HIV IS NOT A CRIME AWARENS DAY FEBARY 28NATNAL WOMEN AND GIRLS HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY MARCH 10NATNAL NATIVE HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY MARCH 20NATNAL YOUTH HIV & AIDS AWARENS DAY APRIL 10HIV VACCE AWARENS DAY MAY 18NATNAL ASIAN & PACIFIC ISLANR HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY MAY 19HIV LONG-TERM SURVIVORS AWARENS DAY JUNE 5NATNAL HIV TTG DAY JUNE 27ZERO HIV STIGMA JULY 21SOUTHERN HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY AUGT 20NATNAL FAH HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY AUGT 30NATNAL HIV/AIDS AND AGG AWARENS DAY SEPTEMPBER 18NATNAL GAY MEN'S HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY SEPTEMBER 27NATNAL LATX AIDS AWARENS DAY OCTOBER 15WORLD AIDS DAY DECEMBER 1EVENT PLANNG GUI CONFERENCU.S. CONFERENCE ON HIV/AIDS (USCHA) NATNAL RYAN WHE CONFERENCE ON HIV CARE & TREATMENT AIDS 2020 (23RD INTERNATNAL AIDS CONFERENCE VIRTUAL) LEARNG OPPORTUNILEARNG OPPORTUNILEARNG OPPORTUNIWANT TO STAY ABREAST OF CHANG PREVENTN, RE, TREATMENT OR REARCH OR OTHER PUBLIC HEALTH ARENAS THAT AFFECT OUR LLECTIVE RPONSE TO THE HIV EPIMIC? OR ARE YOU NEW TO THIS FIELD? CURAT LEARNG OPPORTUNI FOR YOU, AND THE PEOPLE YOU SERVE AND LLABORATE WH.STAY UP TO DATE WH THE WEBARS, TWTER CHATS, NFERENC AND MORE THIS SECTN.MORE LEARNG OPPORTUNIBLOGGET TTED. FD SERVIC + PREPSEARCHGOESPAñOL ESPAñOL ES GET TTED. FD SERVIC + PREPSEARCHOPEN LOTOR SEARCHHIV SERVICES LOCATORSEARCH⨯CLOSEHOMEHIV BASICSOVERVIEWDATA AND TRENDSU.S. STATISTICSSECTN MENUGET TTED. FIND SERVICES + PREP.DATA & TRENDSU.S. STATISTICSIMPACT ON RACIAL AND ETHNIC MORIGLOBAL STATISTICSSEARCHDATA & TRENDSU.S. STATISTICSIMPACT ON RACIAL AND ETHNIC MORIGLOBAL STATISTICSU.S. STATISTICS
• NATNAL GAY MEN’S HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY
• 1980S. HIV/AIDS: WHY WAS AIDS LLED ‘THE GAY PLAGUE’?
• HIV AMONG GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN THE U.S.
• DISCRIMATN AND HOMOPHOBIA FUEL THE HIV EPIMIC GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN
• 'IT'S A S' BRGS A LOST GENERATN OF GAY MEN TO LIFE

HIV AND ALL GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN

But as evince piled up, the allegatn that homosexualy and HIV/AIDS were unrelated was no longer fensible, and those who nied the nnectn were creasgly perceived as disnnected om realy.

However, Amerin urts have thlsly med the Constutn to illicly expand the right to privacy to clu abortn, fantici, thanasia, pornography ― and now, ersatz homosexual “marriage.

IS AIDS A “GAY” DISEASE?

Organized “gays” have blocked blood screeng for HIV, fought the closg of homosexual bathho, advoted for the legalizatn of both male and female prostutn, shut down ntact tracg and sexual partner notifitn, opposed crimalizg the liberate fectn of another person wh HIV-AIDS, and promoted the e of ndoms, which have a six to eight percent failure rate.

To show how out of touch the mastream media is wh realy, Newsweek Magaze, which has featured AIDS on s ver no fewer than twenty tim, laid the blame for the AIDS epimic at the feet of “homophobia and relig lears steeped moralistic doctre who have supprsed hont nversatn about how to stop . In perhaps the most extreme statement of self-excal, Harry Hay, founr of the first homophile anizatn the Uned Stat (the Mattache Society), acced nservativ of velopg and spreadg the AIDS vis.

WHY ARE GAY MEN MORE AT RISK FOR HIV?

All of this shows the power of the homosexual lobby as greedily gobbl up every penny n get s hands on for s very small percentage of the populatn, thereby privg lns of others of badly-need assistance.

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But still AIDS fundg climbs relentlsly, bee lawmakers know that if they vote agast any crease, the homophil will stantly brand them as “hate-filled bigots” and “homophob. [4] Acrdg to the Natnal Gay Task Force, screeng donated blood for HIV is “spegoatg” and “stigmatizg” [Journal of the Amerin Medil Associatn, Febary 4, 1983; New Dimensns Magaze, March 1990].

READ MORE: Panmics That Changed History: A TimeleThe AIDS Epimic Aris Though HIV arrived the Uned Stat around 1970, didn’t e to the public’s attentn until the early 1981, the Centers for Disease Control and Preventn (CDC) published a report about five prevly healthy homosexual men beg fected wh Pnmocystis pnmonia, which is ed by the normally harmls fung Pnmocystis jirovecii. Bee the disease appeared to affect mostly homosexual men, officials ially lled gay-related immune ficiency, or the CDC disvered all major rout of the disease’s transmissn—as well as that female partners of AIDS-posive men uld be fected— 1983, the public nsired AIDS a gay disease.

NATNAL GAY MEN’S HIV/AIDS AWARENS DAY

The FDA would revise s l 2015 to allow gay men to give blood if they’ve been celibate for a year, though blood banks routely tt blood for the end of 1985, there were more than 20, 000 reported s of AIDS, wh at least one se every regn of the is Developed In 1987, the first antiretroviral meditn for HIV, azidothymide (AZT), beme available. HIV/AIDS the 1990s and 2000s In 1991, the red ribbon beme an ternatnal symbol of AIDS that year, basketball player Magic Johnson announced he had HIV, helpg to further brg awarens to the issue and dispel the stereotype of beg a gay disease.

Sce the HIV epimic started the 1980s gay men have been at a greater risk and reprented more of the new HIV s that we’ve known this untry and actually ternatnally as well. About 13 percent of them don’t know and need ntu to have a disproportnate impact on certa populatns, particularly racial and ethnic mori and gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex wh 2019, an timated 34, 800 new HIV fectns occurred the U. CDC timat show new HIV fectns cled 8% om 2015 to 2019, after a perd of general of this progrs is likely due to larger cl among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex wh men (MSM)c recent years.

1980S. HIV/AIDS: WHY WAS AIDS LLED ‘THE GAY PLAGUE’?

:In 2020, MSM acunted for 71% of new HIV diagnos the Uned 2020, Black/Ain Amerin MSM acunted for 26% (8, 064) of new HIV diagnos and 39% of diagnos among all 2020, Hispanic/Lato MSM ma up 21% (6, 359) of new HIV diagnos and 31% of diagnosis among all 2016 to 2019, HIV diagnos creased 7% among gay and bisexual men overall.

Men who have sex wh men were, and still are, disproportnately impacted by HIV bee transms much more easily through anal sex than through vagal first official ernment report on AIDS me on June 5, 1981, the Morbidy and Mortaly Weekly Report, a ernment bullet on perplexg disease s: “In the perd October 1980-May 1981, 5 young men, all active homosexuals, were treated for bpsy-nfirmed Pnmocystis rii pnmonia at 3 different hospals Los Angel, California. ”In a 1983 appearance on NBC's "Today" show, activist and Gay Mens Health Crisis -founr Larry Kramer asked host Jane Pley, "Jane, n you image what mt be like if you had lost 20 of your iends the last 18 months? 'GAY PLAGUE'After the Stonewall Rts 1969, LGBTQ activists across the untry ma signifint civil rights advanc and secured some municipal and state-level protectns agast discrimatn public employment.

She lled the group "Save Our Children" and said reprented the rights of the majory of fileOn March 22, 1980, a year before that first MMWR report, evangelil Christian lears livered a petn to Print Jimmy Carter mandg a halt to the advance of gay rights. “God’s judgment is gog to fall on Ameri as on other societi that allowed homosexualy to bee a protected way of life, ” Bob Jon III predicted, acrdg to the anti-gay reactn gaed steam across Ameri wh the electn of Moral Majory ally Ronald Reagan, activists found their mands for attentn for a growg medil crisis were ignored. One such group was the Gay Men’s Health Crisis, found New York Cy 1982, which is today the olst HIV/AIDS service anizatn the Men's Health Crisis Smh / NY Daily News via Getty Imag fileBut 1987, activists were still trated by ernment actn as bodi ntued to pile up, and they found the AIDS Coaln To Unleash Power, or ACT UP, New York, their actns and their activist art are legendary for speedg the ernment’s rponse to the AIDS crisis, allowg quicker ttg and treatment of lifavg experimental dgs, and drawg public attentn to the adly impact of homophobic public health polici.

HIV AMONG GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN THE U.S.

In New York, December 1989 ACT UP and took over St Patrick’s 1991, Activist Peter Staley draped a giant ndom over the home of noted homophobic senator Jse Helms om North Carola. CDC is fundg a monstratn project 4 jurisdictns to intify active HIV transmissn works and implement HIV terventns for Hispanic/Lato gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex wh men. In 2017, CDC award nearly $11 ln per year for five years to 30 CBOs to provi HIV ttg to young gay and bisexual men of lor and transgenr youth of lor, wh the goal of intifyg undiagnosed HIV fectns and lkg those who have HIV to re and preventn servic.

However, dispari ntue to exist among Black/Ain Amerin and Hispanic/Lato gay and bisexual men where 37% and 32% acunt for new HIV diagnos pared to other racial and ethnic groups. First observed 2008 by the Natnal Associatn of People wh AIDS, the Natnal Gay Men’s HIV/AIDS Awarens Day is a time to foc on the impact of HIV and AIDS on gay and bisexual men as well as ongog efforts to rce HIV and AIDS this populatn. As for the ‘gay’ nnectn, there is no doubt that AIDS was first tected gay men and, for a brief perd, sperate rearchers examed the so-lled ‘gay liftyle’ for clu as to atn.

But GRID was only adopted om early 1982 until July 27th 1982, when the Centers for Disease Control realised, amongst other thgs, that there’s no such thg as a universal “gay liftyle”. For gay and bisexual youth who are jt begng to explore their sexualy, homophobia and other forms of anti-LGBTQ bias help expla why so many young people our muny are unaware of their HIV stat.

DISCRIMATN AND HOMOPHOBIA FUEL THE HIV EPIMIC GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN

The natn also saw tremendo progrs the fight agast HIV unr former Print Barack Obama, whose Natnal HIV & AIDS Strategy explicly lled attentn to gay and bisexual men and transgenr women for the first time. Factors that fluence health out—cludg HIV-related stigma, homophobia, racism, discrimatn, poverty, limed accs to high-qualy health re, and other longstandg barriers—have ntributed to the unequal reach of HIV preventn and treatment; higher levels of HIV some muni; and ntued equi. Wh effective preventn and treatment tools at our disposal, the natn has a s--the-makg opportuny to end the domtic HIV epimic and elimate dispari HIV preventn and re among gay and bisexual men and other populatns disproportnately affected by HIV.

Over the last 30 years, efforts to prevent new HIV fectns among gay and bisexual men have been guid by paradigms that hold dividuals rponsible for their health behavrs. More recently, wh the game-changg breakthroughs the bmedil arena, attentn has shifted to the bmedil preventn strategi, which clu preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for gay, bisexual, and other MSM (Grant et al., 2010) and vagal microbicis for women (Abdool et al., 2010). In rponse to the alarmg health dispari among gay and bisexual men, there has been a ll to broan the preventn lens to exame the fluence of multiple social and ntextual factors fluencg health behavrs (Halkis & Cahill, 2011).

Dpe clear evince for the social termants of HIV transmissn and the beneficial effects of stctural terventns (Adimora & Auerbach, 2010), there have been limed efforts targetg the social equali, which place gay and bisexual men at greater risk for the acquisn of HIV disease. Of particular relevance to HIV preventn among gay and bisexual men are the social ndns that place at heightened risk for acquirg HIV as pared to our heterosexual unterparts. In this article, nsiratn is given to the manner through which discrimatn and homophobia, which may have been heightened bee of the AIDS epimic (Halkis, 1999), perpetuate HIV vulnerabili for gay and bisexual men.

'IT'S A S' BRGS A LOST GENERATN OF GAY MEN TO LIFE

Such health vulnerabili driven by homophobia are often exacerbated for gay and bisexual men of lor, who are often further burned by the social circumstanc of racism and poverty.

Sce discrimatn based on sexual inty is cril to the ias beg put forth, and sce the HIV preventn needs of gay and bisexual men differ wily om those of non-gay or bisexual MSM (Halkis, 2010b), the foc of this issue of the newsletter is on gay and bisexual men, and not MSM general. In the now historic document, which recently reached s 30th anniversary, the CDC (1981) reported five s of Pnmocystis rii pnmonia young gay men who otherwise should have been healthy.

Wh bewilrment and fear, I read Robert Altman’s (1981) acunt of “doctors New York and California [who] have diagnosed among homosexual men 41 s of a rare and often rapidly fatal form of ncer. ” In the followg years, I wnsed the eptn of the disease, which s early years was given the name GRID (gayrelated immunoficiency disease) bee of s omniprence the gay populatn (Shilts, 2007; Weeks & Almo, 2010).