The number of gay bars has dwdled. A new generatn plans to brg them back. - The Washgton Post

washington post best gay bars

The bt gay bars, dance clubs, gay-rated hotels, gay snas and gay cise clubs Washgton DC.

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THE NUMBER OF GAY BARS HAS DWDLED. A NEW GENERATN PLANS TO BRG THEM BACK.

* washington post best gay bars *

A group is planng a lbian and queer “clubhoe” Los Angel, and an “old-school gay girl” Norfolk plans to reopen the lbian bar she found four s ago. Pike and McDaniel know openg a bar durg a panmic may be risky, but they say they’ve learned one thg om years of visg and workg other queer tablishments: If they want to survive, they first have to build a better and more clive than a barThe gay bar was long the ma, and sometim only, space where queer people uld gather. A few opened quietly the early 1930s, then after World War II, hundreds more began servg gay men and women.

About 200 of those tered to, like Hershee Bar Norfolk, opened when their stat had laws that prohibed bar owners om employg gay people or creatg gatherg spots for them. She mentored foster children whose parents had kicked them out, and every Thanksgivg, she threw a dner for people whose fai didn’t accept 1987, Norfolk had four or five gay bars, and the number natnwi peaked at more than 1, 700. Many stayed open through the 1990s, but the early 2000s, hundreds of gay bars started to close.

Those servg lbians and people of lor were h all gay bar listgs cled by 37 percent between 2007 and 2019, the number of queer bars servg people of lor cled by 59 percent, and bars for lbians cled by 52 percent, Mattson Francis lost the Lexgton Club, and Rubyu Jungle shut s doors New Orleans. Still, Mattson has found two prevailg factors — the rise of datg apps and a growg acceptance of gay people.

IN THE FACE OF HOSTILY AT CHIGO GAY BARS, TWO BLACK LBIANS CREATE THEIR OWN

“Gay bars were never jt hookup plac, but they were plac to meet other LGBTQ+ people, and now that you n meet them om your bedroom or while you’re wag for the b, that has taken away some of gay bars’ monopoly on beg the place where you fd other LGBTQ+ folks, ” he bars are also no longer the only place some queer people, pecially Whe and cisgenr men, feel safe. “I thk this is highly uneven, ” Mattson said, “but for gay, Whe, middle-class people like myself, any bar feels like a gay bar if you show up wh six iends.

”Mattson has terviewed 120 bar owners 35 stat for a forthg book lled “Who Needs Gay Bars?

THE 42 BT GAY BARS AMERI

For some bar owners, Mattson found, that’s jt enomics, but for a new generatn, “lbian” and “gay” don’t pture their full and fluid inti.

”A fay-oriented spacePike and McDaniel have spent the past 20 years workg gay and lbian spac. Pike did secury for Nellie’s Sports Bar, and McDaniel bartend at APEX, Cobalt and other gay bars before workg alongsi Pike at A League of Her Own (ALOHO) Adams was one of jt 21 lbian bars left the untry when Pike and McDaniel worked there, but durg the early days of the ronavis panmic, the uple cid they wanted to create a new spot, one they owned. As You Are won’t have secury guards; stead, Pike is trag a fleet of “safety managers” — a change Pike hop will attract applints who are ls ncerned wh actg tough and more terted creatg a safe atmosphere for and McDaniel know that some people thk the gay bar era is over, that spac like theirs are no longer need, but people who say that tend to have more privilege, McDaniel said.

GAY BARS ARE DISAPPEARG. THEIR PAST HOLDS KEYS TO THEIR FUTURE.

“My experience of tryg to fd safe space here the Stat, and parg wh trips back to vis fay Mexi, has probably rmed my fervor for creatg a space where you are able to jt exist regardls of how or where you were born, who you want to love and how you intify, ” Castellanos, the owner of Hershee Bar Norfolk, nsirs herself an “old-school gay girl, ” but she’s rootg for the next generatn of queer bar owners.

A lot of LGBTQ people will be able to tell you about their first trip si a gay bar. Sudnly, they relaxed: Here were women kissg women and men holdg men, wh, well, gay ’s been jt over 10 years sce then, and I now live London, but LGBTQ clubs and venu rema among the plac where I fd the most joy.

Held south London’s Royal Vxhall Tavern — where Freddie Mercury is mored to have once smuggled Prcs Diana si — the night is specifilly for queer women, trans and nonbary people, who are often siled on the gay nightlife scene London. Earlier this year, three people were nvicted the homophobic murr of Gary Jenks, a bisexual man, Cardiff, Wal. A few years ago Cumbria, a whe supremacist was jailed for his plot to rry out a “slghter” at a gay pri night.

A GAY UPLE RAN A RAL RTRANT PEACE. THEN NEW NEIGHBORS ARRIVED.

In 2016, 49 people were killed Orlando at the LGBTQ nightclub Pulse — exactly where they were supposed to be a lbian, I’m often subjected to a specific kd of homophobia: one laced wh misogyny and the fetishizatn of my relatnships. Globally, my sexualy ntu to be persecuted (homosexualy is still crimalized about 70 untri) by the hate crime statistics, there is a greater need than ever for LGBTQ-specific spac, cludg on not centered around alhol.

As a closeted teenager, Outrageo ma me feel ls alone: I ed to stand on the edge of the dance floor my plaid shirt — my way of sayg I was gay whout actually sayg — avoidg eye ntact and nervoly sg at the floor. CHICAGO — Last year, this cy’s Boystown gayborhood faced a racial reckong after one bar owner tried to ban rap mic and others were acced of opprsive drs s and unrpayment of non-Whe staff. Lbian bars: by s unt, jt 21 left, 52, and Riddle, 41, met 10 years ago on a women’s actn mtee at a gay muny center.

You have women their 60s next to gay guys their 20s or lbians their 40s.

GAY WASHGTON DC

”In short, they’ve created the only thg better than a bar for regulars: a bar for Tunney, a Whe man who reprents Boystown as Chigo’s first openly gay alrman, cled to ment on his neighborhood’s tensns. “You go to a gay bar, and you feel like an var, vadg their misogyny, ” Angeve ntued. “Funnily enough, my therapist told me to e here ‘before the cis Whe gays take over, ’ ” Morse said.

’ ” Phipps chimed : “And they thk gay men n grope women bee ‘ don’t unt. Beg gay is sorta agast the l, but some gay people don’t know which l are still valid. ”Héctor Torr, 46, a Lato gay clil psychologist, set the venue s 2021 ntext: “Wh pre-vid gay bars, you had to give up who you are to be part of muny, ” he said.

GAY BARS WERE SUPPOSED TO BE SAFE SPAC. BUT THEY OFTEN WEREN’T.

“This is a post-vid gay bar, one where we know how much we need each other.

But Chigo — where Verna Gray ran a queer hotle wh the phone number FBI-LIST — has been sential to queer life 1924, Henry Gerber, a German immigrant postal clerk Chigo, created the Society for Human Rights, the natn’s first gay rights anizatn. ” In 1939, Aled Ksey disvered what he lled “a scientific gold me” the sexual histori of gay men Chigo, upon whom the amic foundatns of human sexualy were based when Ksey lerally wrote the book on the matter.

The word “gay” lls to md our special knack for fdg the light the darkns, for buildg the dance floor off to the si of the cel world. Let’s take a look at some of the bt gay bars Ameri, om the open-air, vil-may-re spac Wt Hollywood to the neighborhood pub downtown St.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* WASHINGTON POST BEST GAY BARS

Comment on this story</tle><path d="M14 14V2H2v9.47h8.18L12.43 13ZM3 10.52V3h10v9.23l-2.5-1.66Z"></path></svg></button><span aria-hidn="te" class="wpds-c-fBEbFG">Comment</span><span class="wpds-c-fOvfhP wpds-c-fOvfhP-kshkDy-isCommentType-te none" aria-hidn="te"><span class="ment-unt font-xxxxs sc-ral-unt"><span></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="teaser-ntent grid-center"><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null"><i>Each week June, we are publishg an say by an LGBTQ wrer that answers this qutn: Where do you fd pri, joy and/or fort your own life, particularly amid a rise anti-LGBTQ legislatn? Check back </i><a href=" target=_blank><i>here </i></a><i>each Monday this month to read a new stallment of the seri.</i></p></div></div><div></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><hr data-qa="article-ntent-divir" class="b bb bc-light pt-sm"/></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">A lot of LGBTQ people will be able to tell you about their first trip si a gay bar. Me? I was 17, and was snuck to a club lled Outrageo, Carlisle, northern England, by the lbians on my football team.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">The terr was as s name suggted. The wdow am were a garish pk; they played Rihanna’s “S&M” every time I went; and off to one si, there was a mol horse — taken om an old-fashned roel — that people would s on and take photos of themselv. The club nicknamed the horse “Randy.”</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">As a young lbian the early 2010s, that place was like a royal palace to me. I’d seen some of the lbian upl om football kissg before, but, public, there was often an unrlyg trepidatn to their affectn: like someone uld shout at them at any moment. (And, sometim, someone did.)</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">But their anxiety dissipated si Outrageo. Sudnly, they relaxed: Here were women kissg women and men holdg men, wh, well, gay abandon.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><div class="wpds-c-VkPmP hi-for-prt"><div></div></div></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">It’s been jt over 10 years sce then, and I now live London, but LGBTQ clubs and venu rema among the plac where I fd the most joy. When I was a kid, I ed to shake snow glob, then watch the snow settle, and see how those idyllic microsms were undisturbed spe my efforts. That’s kd of how I feel si queer spac: protected om the outsi world, no matter how much tri to dispt .</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">I n only speak om personal experience — this won’t be the same as every other LGBTQ person — but, every relatnship of me, I’ve been discrimated agast. To be more specific: In every sgle one, I’ve been shouted at for holdg hands public. That clus multiple tim the past year London; one time, we were followed by teenage boys on their bik.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p><span class="wpds-c-gnhuPA wpds-c-gnhuPA-hqeSyH-variant-terstial wpds-c-gnhuPA-iPJLV-css hi-for-prt"><a data-qa="terstial-lk" href=">The number of gay bars has dwdled. A new generatn plans to brg them back.</a></span></p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">If you are straight, try to image that: what would feel like to know that, at some pot — not if, but when — you’ll get heckled for simply holdg your partner’s hand. It might not bother you the first time, maybe not even the send or third stance. But nsir how 10 years of , the length of time that I’ve been “out,” might grd you down. That’s the thg wh discrimatn: It’s exhstg. There is an attrn to . I am tired of beg shouted at.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">What I’m tryg to say is this: LGBTQ clubs are like sanctuari to me; pk-l paradis, where I n fet about all of that while flailg around to Robyn and Muna. They are among the few plac where I n kiss whom I want, knowg I won’t get harassed.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-full-bleed" data-qa="article-body"><div class="cb dn db-ns" data-qa="article-body-ad" data-ttid="article-body-ad-sktop"><div aria-hidn="te" class="hi-for-prt relative flex jtify-center ntent-box ems-center b bh mb-md mt-none pt-lg pb-lg" style="m-height:250px;borr-top-lor:;borr-bottom-lor:"><div class="center absolute w-100 borr-box" style="top:"><div class="dib gray-dark pl-xs pr-xs font-sans-serif light font-xxxxs lh-md" style="--primary-borr-lor:"></div></div><div data-ttid="placeholr-box" class="w-100 h-100 absolute flex flex-lumn jtify-center borr-box bg-offwhe" style="width:300px;height:250px"><div class="flex flex-lumn jtify-center font-sans-serif center font-xxs light gray-dark lh-md"><div>Advertisement</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body grid-full-bleed" data-qa="article-body"><div class="cb db dn-ns" data-qa="article-body-ad" data-ttid="article-body-ad-mobile"><div aria-hidn="te" class="hi-for-prt relative flex jtify-center ntent-box ems-center b bh mb-md mt-sm pt-sm pb-sm" style="m-height:250px;borr-top-lor:;borr-bottom-lor:"><div class="center absolute w-100 borr-box" style="top:"><div class="dib gray-dark pl-xs pr-xs font-sans-serif light font-xxxxs lh-md" style="--primary-borr-lor:"></div></div><div data-ttid="placeholr-box" class="w-100 h-100 absolute flex flex-lumn jtify-center borr-box bg-offwhe" style="width:300px;height:250px"><div class="flex flex-lumn jtify-center font-sans-serif center font-xxs light gray-dark lh-md"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">In the past uple of months, the first time sce before the panmic, I’ve started gog back to a club night lled <a href=" target=_blank>Butch, Please!</a> Held south London’s Royal Vxhall Tavern — where Freddie Mercury <a href=" target=_blank>is mored</a> to have once smuggled Prcs Diana si — the night is specifilly for queer women, trans and nonbary people, who are often siled on the gay nightlife scene London.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><div id="gift-share-le" data-ttid="gift-share-le" class="PJLV PJLV-ilotWTr-css hi-for-prt"><button aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-expand="false" aria-ntrols="gift-share-drawer" role="button" tabx="0" aria-label="Share this article" id="gift-share-drawer-ntrol-le" data-ttid="gift-share-drawer-ntrol-le" class="wpds-c-PJLV wpds-c-gsmDXe wpds-c-gsmDXe-goNocI-placement-Inle foc-highlight"><div data-ttid="gift-share-terstial-trigger" class="wpds-c-kPqOkS wpds-c-kPqOkS-jtSXsT-hasSubsText-false"><span class="wpds-c-hBJqc"><span class="wpds-c-dzSncg">Share this article</span></span><span class="wpds-c-eCvK"><span class="wpds-c-enedHQ wpds-c-enedHQ-cCdK-isShown-false">Share</span><svg xmlns=" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidn="te" focable="false" role="img" class="wpds-c-fBqPWp wpds-c-fDHGth"><path fill="currentColor" d="M8 .6v3.8h.1c-4.4 0-7.3 4.5-6.9 8.8.1.8.2 1.2.2 1.2l.2 1 .4-1.3c.8-2 2-4 6.2-3.9H8v4l7-6.9L8 .6Zm1 11.3V9.3h-.9c-3 0-4.8.5-6.2 2.9.5-3.3 2.7-6.8 6.2-6.8H9V3l4.5 4.4L9 11.9Z"></path></svg></span></div></button></div></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">I’d fotten how important Butch, Please! is to me, as a butch lbian; what feels like to wa to a crowd floor and see who I am reflected the people around me. In recent years, our var LGBTQ inti have been pted agast each other. But what I see durg those events is a termed uny: a sweaty muny of lbians, queer women, transgenr and nonbary people dancg together to Olivia Rodrigo. There is a solidary between those bodi prsed together, our inti harmony — a sea of low-fa haircuts, piercgs, tattoos — when feels like the world is tryg to rip apart.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-full-bleed" data-qa="article-body"><div data-qa="article-image" class="hi-for-prt"><div style="m-height:358px"></div></div></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">In the pal, some of my other favor are <a href=" target=_blank>Gal Pals</a> — a night for queer women, nonbary and trans people — alongsi queer venu <a href=" target=_blank>the Glory</a>, a drag hot spot, and <a href=" target=_blank>Dalston Superstore</a>. Insi each of them, ’s the same feelg: I get this sheer thrill, an unrivaled liberatn, that om not beg the mory, jt for one night. There is somethg very betiful watchg people e alive a way we’d never do the outsi world.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">Statistilly, recent years, LGBTQ people here have been ls safe than ever. In England and Wal, anti-LGBTQ hate crim rose every year the five fancial years up to 2021, acrdg to official <a href=" target="_blank">ernment</a> statistics. <a href=" target="_blank">Earlier this year</a>, three people were nvicted the homophobic murr of Gary Jenks, a bisexual man, Cardiff, Wal. LGBTQ spac have also been targeted. A few years ago Cumbria, a whe supremacist was <a href=" target="_blank">jailed</a> for his plot to rry out a “slghter” at a gay pri night. In 2016, <a href=" target="_blank">49 people were killed</a> Orlando at the LGBTQ nightclub Pulse — exactly where they were supposed to be safe.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">As a lbian, I’m often subjected to a specific kd of homophobia: one laced wh misogyny and the fetishizatn of my relatnships. It is nearly always by men. In <a href=" target=_blank>2018</a>, <a href=" target=_blank>2019</a> and <a href=" target=_blank>2021</a> (2020 was missed out), “lbian” was the most searched for term by U.K.-based ers on Pornhub, acrdg to s own data.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p><span class="wpds-c-gnhuPA wpds-c-gnhuPA-hqeSyH-variant-terstial wpds-c-gnhuPA-iPJLV-css hi-for-prt"><a data-qa="terstial-lk" href=">GOP lawmakers ph historic wave of bills targetg rights of LGBTQ teens, children and their fai</a></span></p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">In the past uple of years, I have been asked for threom, had “lbian” shouted at me the street, and had kiss aggrsively blown at me — all by men. In <a href=" target=_blank>2019</a>, two women were beaten up by a group of boys on a b London after they refed those boys’ mands for them to kiss. Globally, my sexualy ntu to be persecuted (homosexualy <a href=" target=_blank>is still crimalized</a> about 70 untri).</p></div><div class="article-body grid-full-bleed" data-qa="article-body"><div class="cb dn db-ns" data-qa="article-body-ad" data-ttid="article-body-ad-sktop"><div aria-hidn="te" class="hi-for-prt relative flex jtify-center ntent-box ems-center b bh mb-md mt-none pt-lg pb-lg" style="m-height:250px;borr-top-lor:;borr-bottom-lor:"><div class="center absolute w-100 borr-box" style="top:"><div class="dib gray-dark pl-xs pr-xs font-sans-serif light font-xxxxs lh-md" style="--primary-borr-lor:"></div></div><div data-ttid="placeholr-box" class="w-100 h-100 absolute flex flex-lumn jtify-center borr-box bg-offwhe" style="width:300px;height:250px"><div class="flex flex-lumn jtify-center font-sans-serif center font-xxs light gray-dark lh-md"><div>Advertisement</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body grid-full-bleed" data-qa="article-body"><div class="cb db dn-ns" data-qa="article-body-ad" data-ttid="article-body-ad-mobile"><div aria-hidn="te" class="hi-for-prt relative flex jtify-center ntent-box ems-center b bh mb-md mt-sm pt-sm pb-sm" style="m-height:250px;borr-top-lor:;borr-bottom-lor:"><div class="center absolute w-100 borr-box" style="top:"><div class="dib gray-dark pl-xs pr-xs font-sans-serif light font-xxxxs lh-md" style="--primary-borr-lor:"></div></div><div data-ttid="placeholr-box" class="w-100 h-100 absolute flex flex-lumn jtify-center borr-box bg-offwhe" style="width:300px;height:250px"><div class="flex flex-lumn jtify-center font-sans-serif center font-xxs light gray-dark lh-md"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">Gog by the hate crime statistics, there is a greater need than ever for LGBTQ-specific spac, cludg on not centered around alhol. (<a href=" target=_blank>Rearch</a> has shown that LGBTQ people are disproportnately affected by substance abe.) But the climate for LGBTQ venu the Uned Kgdom — like the Uned Stat, which <a href=" target=_blank>has ntend wh a dwdlg number</a> of lbian bars for years — is harsh. Between 2006 and 2017, more than 50 percent of London’s lbian bars closed, acrdg to <a href=" target=_blank>one study</a>. There is jt one lbian bar London, She Soho. Outrageo closed 2019.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">I don’t know where I would be whout LGBTQ spac. As a closeted teenager, Outrageo ma me feel ls alone: I ed to stand on the edge of the dance floor my plaid shirt — my way of sayg I was gay whout actually sayg — avoidg eye ntact and nervoly sg at the floor. That place, my royal palace, showed me that I’d be all right, eventually. (And I was.)</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null">There is unbridled joy to be found si those queer havens. Unrneath those dis balls, there is so much eedom.</p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><p data-ttid="drop-p-letter" data-el="text" class="wpds-c-cYdRxM wpds-c-cYdRxM-iPJLV-css overriStyl font-py" dir="null"><i>Ella Braidwood is a journalist and edor based London.</i></p></div><div class="article-body grid-center grid-body" data-qa="article-body"><div class="wpds-c-VkPmP hi-for-prt"><div></div></div></div><div class="wpds-c-dhzjXW wpds-c-dhzjXW-iPJLV-css mt-md grid-center grid-body"><div id="gift-share-end" data-ttid="gift-share-end" class="PJLV PJLV-idiqKOk-css hi-for-prt"><button aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-expand="false" aria-ntrols="gift-share-drawer" role="button" tabx="0" aria-label="Share this article" id="gift-share-drawer-ntrol-end" data-ttid="gift-share-drawer-ntrol-end" class="wpds-c-PJLV wpds-c-gsmDXe wpds-c-gsmDXe-iIVoLq-placement-Shortcut foc-highlight"><div class="wpds-c-UazGY" id="gift-share-shortcut" data-ttid="gift-share-shortcut"><svg xmlns=" fill="var(--wpds-lors-primary)" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidn="te" focable="false" role="img" class="wpds-c-fVfumU "><path fill="currentColor" d="M8 .6v3.8h.1c-4.4 0-7.3 4.5-6.9 8.8.1.8.2 1.2.2 1.2l.2 1 .4-1.3c.8-2 2-4 6.2-3.9H8v4l7-6.9L8 .6Zm1 11.3V9.3h-.9c-3 0-4.8.5-6.2 2.9.5-3.3 2.7-6.8 6.2-6.8H9V3l4.5 4.4L9 11.9Z"></path></svg><div class="PJLV wpds-c-kwcHlj">Share</div></div></button></div><div class="wpds-c-hcekgi"><div class="mb-lg-mod" data-qa="ments-btn-div"><button aria-label="Scroll to the ments sectn" data-qa="ments-btn" class="wpds-c-kSOqLF wpds-c-kSOqLF-SQjOY-variant-sendary wpds-c-kSOqLF-eHdizY-nsy-flt wpds-c-kSOqLF-ejCoEP-in-left wpds-c-kSOqLF-igqYgPb-css ments hi-for-prt"><svg xmlns=" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidn="te" focable="false" role="img" class="wpds-c-fBqPWp "><path d="M14 14V2H2v9.47h8.18L12.43 13ZM3 10.52V3h10v9.23l-2.5-1.66Z"></path></svg><span></span> Comments</button></div></div></div><div class="grid-center grid-body"><div></div></div></article><div class="centered-layout grid-layout"><div class="grid-center grid-mobile-full-bleed"><div class="hi-for-prt ml-to mr-to mt-md pt-lg recirc" data-qa="recirc"><div class="flex-l jtify-center hi-for-prt"><div class="pr-sm ml-sm ml-0-ns b-l br-l bc-gray-darkt more-om-post"><div></div><div class="dn db-l pb-md pt-md"><div data-qa="newsletter" class="hi-for-prt relative"><div class="dib w-100"><div><div class="flex jtify-center align self-center center transn-all duratn-400 ease--out" data-qa="sc-newsletter-signup" aria-label=""><svg aria-labelledby="react-aria-1-aria" role="img" viewBox="0 0 100 80"><tle id="react-aria-1-aria">Loadg... .

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