Gay Bars and Gay Rights - JSTOR Daily

Contents:

• LIQUOR LAWS ONCE TARGETED GAY BARS. NOW, ONE STATE IS APOLOGIZG.
• GAY BARS AND GAY RIGHTS
• HOW THE MOB HELPED ESTABLISH NYC’S GAY BAR SCENE
• WH THE WOODWARD’S FUTURE UNCERTA, TAKG STOCK OF DETRO'S DISAPPEARG GAY BARS
• THE HISTORY OF HOW GAY BARS BEME THE BATTLEGROUND FOR LGBTQ+ RIGHTS
• THE PANMIC IS HURTG GAY AND LBIAN BARS. THE NSEQUENC FOR THE MUNY ULD BE VASTATG
• THE FOTTEN HISTORY OF GAY ENTRAPMENT
• THE NUMBER OF GAY BARS HAS DWDLED. A NEW GENERATN PLANS TO BRG THEM BACK.
• BLACK-OWNED GAY BARS ARE DWDLG. CAN THEY SURVIVE COVID?
• GAY BARS WERE HARASSED BY N.J. VTIGATORS FOR S. THE STATE IS NOW OFFERG AN APOLOGY.

LIQUOR LAWS ONCE TARGETED GAY BARS. NOW, ONE STATE IS APOLOGIZG.

AdvertisementSKIP ADVERTISEMENTNew Jersey’s attorney general apologized for s-old state polici that shuttered bars for allowg gay patrons to Samuel Berg/Berg Picture Collectn, via The Newark Public LibraryOne tavern Newark was shut down for a month 1939 after a man “ma up wh rouge, lipstick, masra and fgernail polish” asked for a drk a “very effemate voice, ” rerds Paterson, N.

Rints follows other moments of reckong over the abe of a populatn that was routely and unfairly sgled out by the years ago, the missner of the New York Police Department apologized for a vlent 1969 raid on the Stonewall Inn, a clash that galvanized the gay rights movement.

GAY BARS AND GAY RIGHTS

” Margoli Roadsi Ameri photograph archive, via Library of CongrsThe practice of penalizg taverns for servg gay patrons, who at the time were maly men, was wispread across the untry durg the early to mid-20th century, when gay sex was self a crime, said Gee Chncey, a history profsor at Columbia Universy and the thor of “Gay New York. Three years before Stonewall, a “sip ” prott at Juli’ the Wt Village of Manhattan that challenged the discrimatory policy was nsired a semal moment the stggle for gay addn to apologizg and releasg the agency rerds, New Jersey will also symbolilly vate the penalti agast the bars, none of which are believed to still be bs. J., lost s liquor license 1955 after spectors nclud that owners “suffered female impersonators” on eight DocumentBill Sger, a New Jersey lawyer and gay rights activist who beme known as the “angel of ath” for wrg athbed wills for men dyg of AIDS, said the attorney general’s actn was ldable — but Sger said any te reckong should also clu expungg crimal rerds of same-sex upl arrted on charg of lewd behavr while cisg parks and other public areas the 1970s and 1980s.

But between New York’s LGBT muny the 1960s beg forced to live on the outskirts of society and the Mafia’s disregard for the law, the two ma a profable, if uneasy, the gay muny blossomed New York Cy the 1960s, members had few plac to gather publicly. Unr the guise of New York State’s liquor laws that barred “disorrly” premis, the State Liquor Authory and the New York Police Department regularly raid bars that tered to gay the law saw viance, however, the Mafia saw a goln bs opportuny. It was the only place where gay people uld openly dance close together, and for relatively ltle money, drag queens (who received a bter receptn at other bars), naways, homels LGBT youths and others uld be off the streets as long as the bar was open.

“Fat Tony, ” for one, paid New York’s 6th Precct approximately $1, 200 a week, exchange for the police agreeg to turn a bld eye to the “cent nduct” occurrg behd closed Photo<em>An NYPD officer grabs someone by their hair as another officer clubs a young man durg a nontatn Greenwich Village after a Gay Power march New York, 1970.

HOW THE MOB HELPED ESTABLISH NYC’S GAY BAR SCENE

Sometim the ps even went to the extreme measure of sendg female officers to the bathroom to verify people’s get around laws that prohibed servg alhol to LGBT patrons, many gay bars—cludg the Stonewall—operated ostensibly as “bottle bars, ” private clubs where members would brg their own alhol. Apparently, too many high-powered dividuals—cludg Mafia members, police officers and big Hollywood nam—were implited as Stonewall Inn is a bar loted New York Cy’s Greenwich Village that served as a haven the 1960s for the cy’s gay, lbian and transgenr muny. " This sign was wrten by the Mattache Society–an early anizatn dited to fightg for gay reportg the events, The New York Daily News rorted to homophobic slurs s tailed verage, nng the headle: “Homo Nt Raid, Queen Be Are Stgg Mad.

1 / 14: RxSome scholars have argued the famo Stonewall rts that sparked the natnwi LGBT movement were as much a ristance agast the mob’s exploatn of the gay muny as they were a stggle agast police harassment and discrimatory laws. ” Two of the ma gay-rights anizatns that me out of the rts, the Gay Activists Alliance and Gay Liberatn Front, actively champned gettg anized crime out of gay Mafia’s stranglehold on New York Cy’s nightlife bs took a huge h wh a seri of high-profile prosecutns the 1980s. When The Woodward, Detro's olst-nng gay bar, burned a massive fire last week, spurred a nversatn about the history of the bar self, but also where was suated Detro gay history more broadly — and how to remember and celebrate s signifince the gay muny while lookg toward the future.

The fire happened the middle of Pri Month, and not jt any Pri Month Detro: This year marks 50 years sce the cy's first Pri march, held June 24, 1972 to mand "full civil rights for gay people" and a repeal of all anti-gay laws, the Free Prs reported back then.

WH THE WOODWARD’S FUTURE UNCERTA, TAKG STOCK OF DETRO'S DISAPPEARG GAY BARS

Other notable Detro gay bars of the 1970s clu The Famo Door, on Griswold near Grand River Capol Park, which had been a straight bar until was purchased 1972 by Ernt Backos, the owner of the old Club 1011, which by then had been sold and molished for parkg. The Fotten History of Gay EntrapmentRoute arrts were the lchp of a social system tend to huiate LGBTQ JonEdor’s Note: This article is part of a seri about the gay-rights movement and the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Payne, a mic stunt and aspirg performer om Trenton, New Jersey, got his big break near the end of 1947, when he was 23. But the bure’s regulatns prohibed the employment of anyone who “was or pretend to be a homosexual, ” an expansive le signed to prevent queer-themed entertament, cludg the so-lled pansy acts that had been all the rage New York clubs near the end of Prohibn, as well as homosexual entertaers themselv.

THE HISTORY OF HOW GAY BARS BEME THE BATTLEGROUND FOR LGBTQ+ RIGHTS

Between 1923, when the New York state legislature specifilly crimalized male homosexual cisg as a form of disorrly nduct (“generate disorrly nduct, ” or simply, police lgo, “generacy”), and 1966, when a loose aln of pre-Stonewall gay activists, civil libertarians, fé owners, and bohemian wrers persuad newly elected Mayor John Ldsay to end the police partment’s e of entrapment to arrt men on this charge, more than 50, 000 men were arrted for cisg bars, streets, parks, and subway washrooms New York Cy the e of entrapment was one of the signal victori of New York’s ant pre-Stonewall gay activists.

THE PANMIC IS HURTG GAY AND LBIAN BARS. THE NSEQUENC FOR THE MUNY ULD BE VASTATG

The tens of thoands of New Yorkers who were arrted for cisg the 45 years before Stonewall have been even more thoroughly fotten than the movement that fought on their the 1940s and 1950s, police surveillance was only the lchp of a broar social system that punished people who were disvered to be gay. Above all, the men feared that their fai or their employers would learn they were gay if word of their arrt reached them, as sometim happened when the police or urt officials ntacted them or, more rarely, a newspaper published the man’s name.

But employers were much more likely to dismiss men and women they disvered to be gay, and begng the 1920s and 1930s, state ernments New York and elsewhere ma queer life more and more 1927, the New York state legislature prohibed theaters om stagg plays wh queer characters, and the 1930s, the Hollywood studs adopted a censorship that prohibed the appearance of lbian or gay characters or even the “ference of sexual perversn” s films. Durg the Send World War, the feral ernment followed su by prohibg homosexuals as a class om servg the ary, and after the war, extend that ban to civilian feral re prciple that erned such l was to exclu people who were openly gay om many workplac and the urban public sphere of bars and rtrants, and to prevent them om even beg reprented or discsed plays, films, and baret performanc. The pot was not jt to nmn, huiate, and disurage people who were queer, but also to renr homosexualy visible and therefore, the thori hoped, filmmakers, playwrights, and bar and baret owners who dissented om such heteronormative impuls were forced to ply.

THE FOTTEN HISTORY OF GAY ENTRAPMENT

Absent such five evince intifyg patrons as gay, police reports routely ced ctomers’ mp w and other forms of genr nonnformy: women wh short hair stridg through a bar men’s cloth; makp-wearg men sashayg about and llg one another “Mary. ”At a moment when the State Liquor Authory was unr prsure to crack down on gay meetg plac, this was enough evince for to revoke the club’s license and permanently close for “perm[tg] homosexuals to ngregate” and “perm[tg] a performance by a homosexual.

” Unr normal circumstanc, even exclively gay bars managed to survive for perds of time bee they were n by the mob, paid brib to the lol patrolman, and were otherwise enmhed the web of rptn that erned much of New York’s postwar nightlife. Endg the police e of entrapment to arrt gay men was so fundamental a change that has now been almost entirely fotten, but had a more profound impact on the everyday liv of gay men than the burst of activism immediately followg the Stonewall rebelln. He also prov himself to be an extraordary rantr, willg to pull back the veil on the strategi for dissemblg—om wearg sunglass so the employers who thought he was “a dumb lored boy” uldn’t see how much he hated them to talkg “sweet ltle whe boys” to buyg him cloth at Saks—that had enabled him, as a poor, black, flamboyant gay man, to survive his post–Salle Champagne life as a maid, hoeboy, and film hts at the black and whe bohemian artistic circl which he found support: the black sgers, such as Carmen McRae, who helped him by givg him work, and the terracial and mixed gay and straight artistic circl which he socialized and partied New York.

Oil Can Harry's has had s last gay untry-wtern bar, which has provid le-dancg and a waterg hole for the LGBTQ+ muny Los Angel's Stud Cy neighborhood for 52 years, was sold December to a new owner who plans to nvert to a venue wh jazz mic, acrdg to owner John a Monday Facebook post, Fagan revealed that the landlord of the buildg, Monty Overstreet, had ma the sale. Although no reason was given the post, the popular dive bar was the fourth gay bar after Rage, Flamg Saddl, and Gym Bar to shutter Wt Hollywood durg the COVID-19 panmic, which has forced all Los Angel bars that nnot nvert to rtrants wh outdoor dg to cease Coast was also the third closed WeHo gay bar to have had Monte Overstreet as a landlord.

THE NUMBER OF GAY BARS HAS DWDLED. A NEW GENERATN PLANS TO BRG THEM BACK.

Sadly, there will be no more socializg at the Albuquerque Social New Mexi gay club, known to lols as the "SOCH, " operated for nearly four s before shutterg Augt 2020 due to fancial issu tied to bar had first opened as The Heights the 70s before takg on the Albuquerque Social Club name 1983. Flamg Saddl Wt Hollywood has hung up s Squatriglia and Chris Barngay, owners of the untry-wtern bar, announced Augt 2020 that COVID-19, bed wh a failure to renegotiate the lease wh the landlord durg the panmic, has led to s permanent tablishment, known for shirtls wboys and wgirls who danced on the bartop, opened January 2015 on Santa Moni Boulevard.

The Stud, San Francis's olst gay bar, shuttered s lotn of 33 years rponse to the health opened 1966 around the cy's burgeong leather muny by founrs Gee Mason and trans bs owner Alexis Muir, who was mored to be the spiratn of Anna Madrigal Tal of the Cy, the Stud grew to an LGBTQ+ stutn and safe hosted many drag and muny events over the s.

BLACK-OWNED GAY BARS ARE DWDLG. CAN THEY SURVIVE COVID?

It also featured a cktail named for Hay and others named for one of his lovers, fashn signer Rudi Gernreich, and Pershg Square, once a gay cisg an terview wh The Advote, owner Garrett McKechnie said gay bars were still relevant.

A sad story is nnected wh the bar; a manager, Sean Verdi, died sudnly at age 23 2014, possibly of a dg overdose, a Central Park South apartment belongg to Ian Reisner of Out NYC hotel fame (and known more recently for hostg a receptn for antigay printial ndidate Ted Cz).

GAY BARS WERE HARASSED BY N.J. VTIGATORS FOR S. THE STATE IS NOW OFFERG AN APOLOGY.

As had been ced as one of the bt gay bars Miami, Mova's closure me as a surprise -- fact, the Brickell property was bought out om unr the owner, Babak Movahedi, who then cid to sell the other lotn and start h somewhere else.

But engagg gay behavr public (holdg hands, kissg or dancg wh someone of the same sex) was still illegal, so police harassment of gay bars ntued and many bars still operated whout liquor licens— part bee they were owned by the Rights Before StonewallThe first documented U.