A brief history of lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr social movements

Contents:

• GAY (ADJ.)
• GAY RIGHTS
• A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
• THE EVOLUTNARY PARADOX OF HOMOSEXUALYBEG GAY NO LONGER HOLDS THE STIGMA ONCE DID, BUT EVOLUTN, WHY DO A NON-REPRODUCTIVE TRA PERSIST?TOM WHIPPLEPUBLISHED: MAY 8, 2018 AT 11:00 PMTHE EVOLUTNARY PARADOX OF HOMOSEXUALY

GAY (ADJ.)

Macklemore and Ryan Lewis's h song Same Love, which has bee an unofficial anthem of the pro-gay marriage mpaign the US, reflects how many gay people feel about their mocks those who "thk 's a cisn, and you n be cured wh some treatment and relign - man-ma rewirg of a predisposn". The evolutn of lbianism is relatively unrstudied - may work a siar way or be pletely gen that for homosexualy do other thgs tooThe allele - or group of gen - that sometim s for homosexual orientatn may at other tim have a strong reproductive benef.

"We know that women tend to like more feme behavural featur and facial featur their men, and that might be associated wh thgs like good parentg skills or greater empathy, " says Qazi Rahman, -thor of Born Gay; The Psychoblogy of Sex Orientatn.

GAY RIGHTS

Gay people were 'helpers the nt'Image source, Jeante MankelowImage ptn, The fa'afafe of Samoa dislike beg lled "gay" or "homosexual"Some rearchers believe that to unrstand the evolutn of gay people, we need to look at how they f to the wir culture. That hypothis has led Vasey to speculate that the gay men who intify as men and have mascule tras - that is to say, most gay men the Wt - are scend om men who had a cross-genred people do have childrenImage source, Getty ImagImage ptn, Elton John and David Furnish have had two children wh a surrogate mother, although the inty of the blogil father is secretIn the US, around 37% of lbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual people have a child, about 60% of which are blogil. Acrdg to the Williams Instute, gay upl that have children have an average of figur may not be high enough to sta geic tras specific to this group, but the evolutnary blogist Jeremy Yor pots out a blog post that for much of morn history gay people haven't been livg openly gay liv.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

In theory, humans and other animals who are exclively attracted to others of the same sex should be unlikely to produce many blogil children, so any gen that predispose people to homosexualy would rarely be passed on to future generatns. Yet same-sex attractn is wispread humans, and rearch suggts that is partly a study of data om hundreds of thoands of people, rearchers have now intified geic patterns that uld be associated wh homosexual behavur, and showed how the might also help people to fd different-sex mat, and reproduce. Most of the participants were born durg a time when homosexualy was eher illegal or culturally taboo their untri, so many people who were attracted to others of the same sex might never have actually acted on their attractn, and uld therefore have end up the wrong group the Monk, an elogist and evolutnary blogist at Yale Universy New Haven, Connecticut, thks that the veats are so important that the paper n’t draw any real nclns about geics and sexual orientatn.

Here we discs a body of scientific evince that directly ntradicts this assertn and stead argu that homosexualy has emerged through evolutn as a normal variant that nfers survival benefs to the fay, particularly certa settgs. In the largt and most rigoro geic lkage study foced on this topic, Sanrs and lleagu sctized the DNA om 409 pairs of gay brothers, searchg for shared sgle nucleoti polymorphisms (SNPs)—substutns of a sgle letter the geic (Sanrs, 2015). Studi show that mothers of gay men are much more likely to have skewed X-activatn than mothers who had no gay sons, another strong ditn that male homosexualy is a partially herable ndn, and gen on the X-chromosome are likely to be volved termg sexual orientatn mal.

Compellg evince dit that epigeic mechanisms are fundamental to the genis of homosexualy, which helps expla both s partially herable nature and the -utero environmental effects that seem to predispose a male to same-sex orientatn.

THE EVOLUTNARY PARADOX OF HOMOSEXUALYBEG GAY NO LONGER HOLDS THE STIGMA ONCE DID, BUT EVOLUTN, WHY DO A NON-REPRODUCTIVE TRA PERSIST?TOM WHIPPLEPUBLISHED: MAY 8, 2018 AT 11:00 PMTHE EVOLUTNARY PARADOX OF HOMOSEXUALY

In another study g the empathizg quotient (EQ)—a sixty-em sle ed to asss empathy participants by measurg emotnal reactns—Mark Sergeant and his team reported that homosexual mal nsistently exhibed higher levels of empathy pared to heterosexual mal (Sergeant, 2004). More telligent children as pared to ls telligent children are subsequently more likely to self-intify as gay as adults, to exprs same-genr sexual attractn (Figure 3a), and to have had signifintly more same-genr sexual partners durg their lifetim (Figure 3b).

Conversely, gay men pared to straight men generally posss a ls accurate nate sense of directn and tend to navigate by g landmarks rather than stctive directnal orientatn—a navigatnal style that has been shown to be more mon among women, as well.

While the signifince of the variatns bra stcture between gay and straight mal remas largely unknown, and further rearch on specific receptors and nrotransmters is need, the nro-anatomil divergence do support a blogil basis for homosexualy. 2001 (Bobrow) and England 2005 (Rahman) reported that homosexual mal pared to heterosexual mal were not found to have a signifintly higher level of faial affy, generosy to fay members, or benevolent tennci to their siblgs. In a scientific asssment of this populatn (Vasey, 2007), the homosexual men were more likely than heterosexual men to display avuncular behavr, and showed signifintly more kdns and generosy to their extend fai, particularly to the niec and nephews.