Marsha P. Johnson was one of the most proment figur of the gay rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s New York Cy.
Contents:
- MARSHA P. JOHNSON, A BLACK TRANSGENR WOMAN, WAS A CENTRAL FIGURE THE GAY LIBERATN MOVEMENT
- INSI THE FIRST PRI PARA—A R PROTT FOR GAY LIBERATN
- MARSHA P. {LOR:#595959;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:600;MARG-BOTTOM:0.625REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:0.875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.2;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1.25REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.2;}} A{-WEBK-TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN-THICKNS:0.0625REM;TEXT-RATN-LOR:HER;TEXT-UNRLE-OFFSET:0.25REM;LOR:HER;-WEBK-TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;} A:HOVER{LOR:#A00000;TEXT-RATN-LOR:BORR-LK-BODY-HOVER;}MARSHA P. JOHNSON WAS AN AIN AMERIN TRANSGENR WOMAN AND REVOLUTNARY LGBTQ RIGHTS ACTIVIST. SHE IS CREDED FOR BEG AN STIGATOR THE STONEWALL {MARG-BOTTOM:0.625REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0.3125REM;LOR:#323232;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1;FONT-WEIGHT:800;} SPAN{LE-HEIGHT:1.6;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;}{FONT-STYLE:NORMAL;PADDG-RIGHT:0.3125REM;FONT-FAY:RALAS,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;LOR:#323232;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.3;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;TEXT-TRANSFORM:PALIZE;}{DISPLAY:LE-BLOCK;TEXT-TRANSFORM:UPPERSE;MARG-LEFT:0.625REM;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1;FONT-WEIGHT:800;}UPDATED: SEP 9, {DISPLAY:-WEBK-BOX;DISPLAY:-WEBK-FLEX;DISPLAY:-MS-FLEXBOX;DISPLAY:FLEX;}{MARG-BOTTOM:0.9375REM;POSN:RELATIVE;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 64REM){{MAX-WIDTH:LC(100VW - (1REM * 2));MARG-LEFT:1REM;MARG-RIGHT:1REM;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC(-1 * 1REM);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 61.25REM){{MARG-LEFT:TO;MARG-RIGHT:TO;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - (LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM) - 2 * 1REM)) / -2);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 61.25REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 90REM){{MAX-WIDTH:LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM);MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM) - 1REM - 20.625REM) / 2);PADDG-LEFT:1REM;PADDG-RIGHT:1REM;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC(LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM) - 1REM - 20.625REM) / -2) - 1REM);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 90REM){{MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM)) / 2);MAX-WIDTH:LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM);PADDG-LEFT:1REM;PADDG-RIGHT:1REM;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC(LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 + 1REM)) / -2) - LC(2 * 1REM));}[DATA-HAS-SPONSOR] {MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM)) / 4);MARG-RIGHT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM)) / 4);}}{JTIFY-SELF:CENTER;POSN:RELATIVE;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{MARG-LEFT:-50VW;MARG-RIGHT:-50VW;WIDTH:100VW;LEFT:50%;RIGHT:50%;}}{HEIGHT:TO;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{MARG:TO LC(50% - 50VW);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{MARG:TO;}}{POSN:RELATIVE;HEIGHT:TO;}{POSN:RELATIVE;--POSN:ABSOLUTE;HEIGHT:TO;} IMG{MAX-WIDTH:100%;HEIGHT:TO;} A{POSN:ABSOLUTE;}{POSN:RELATIVE;WIDTH:100%;HEIGHT:100%;OBJECT-F:VER;VERTIL-ALIGN:TOP;}{BACKGROUND:#C92228;BOTTOM:0;PADDG:.5REM;RIGHT:0;}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{PADDG:0.39REM;}}{DISPLAY:BLOCK;HEIGHT:1REM;WIDTH:1REM;}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{WIDTH:1.063REM;HEIGHT:1.063REM;}}{LE-HEIGHT:1;MARG-TOP:0.3125REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 73.75REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0.9375REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0;}}{PADDG-RIGHT:0.3125REM;LOR:#595959;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1;FONT-WEIGHT:800;}BARBARA ALPER/GETTY {FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-SIZE:1.1875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.6;PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;POSN:RELATIVE;}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{PADDG-LEFT:3.5REM;PADDG-RIGHT:3.5REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 61.25REM){{MAX-WIDTH:45.25REM;MARG-LEFT:TO;MARG-RIGHT:TO;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 61.25REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 73.75REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 100REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 90REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;}} EM{FONT-STYLE:ALIC;FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;} STRONG{FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;}{CLEAR:BOTH;NTENT:" ";DISPLAY:BLOCK;FONT-SIZE:0.7REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.5REM;HEIGHT:0REM;VISIBILY:HIDN;}{FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-SIZE:1.1875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.6;} STRONG{FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;} EM{FONT-STYLE:ALIC;FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;}(1945-1992){LOR:#323232;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:800;LETTER-SPACG:0.02EM;MARG-BOTTOM:0.625REM;MARG-TOP:0.625REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1.875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.1;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:2REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.1;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{FONT-SIZE:2REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.1;}} B, STRONG{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;} EM, I{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-STYLE:ALIC;}WHO WAS MARSHA P. JOHNSON? MARSHA P. JOHNSON WAS AN AIN AMERIN TRANSGENR WOMEN WHO WAS AN LGBTQ RIGHTS ACTIVIST AND AN OUTSPOKEN ADVOTE FOR TRANS PEOPLE OF LOR. JOHNSON SPEARHEAD THE STONEWALL UPRISG 1969 AND ALONG WH SYLVIA RIVERA, SHE LATER TABLISHED THE STREET TRANSVTE (NOW TRANSGENR) ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR), A GROUP MTED TO HELPG HOMELS TRANSGENR YOUTH NEW YORK CY. SHE WAS TRAGILLY FOUND AD ON JULY 6, 1992 AT THE AGE OF 46. HER LIFE HAS BEEN CELEBRATED NUMERO BOOKS, DOCUMENTARI AND FILMS. EARLY LIFE AND DRAG QUEEN STARDOMMARSHA P. JOHNSON WAS BORN MALLM MICHAELS, JR. ON AUGT 24, 1945 ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY. JOHNSON EXPERIENCED A DIFFICULT CHILDHOOD DUE TO HER CHRISTIAN UPBRGG. SHE ENGAGED CROSS-DRSG BEHAVR AT AN EARLY AGE BUT WAS QUICKLY REPRIMAND. JOHNSON MOVED TO GREENWICH VILLAGE NEW YORK CY AFTER GRADUATG OM HIGH SCHOOL. IN NEW YORK, MARSHA STGGLED TO MAKE ENDS MEET. SHE WAS HOMELS AND PROSTUTED HERSELF TO MAKE ENDS MEET. HOWEVER, SHE FOUND JOY AS A DRAG QUEEN AMIDST THE NIGHTLIFE OF CHRISTOPHER STREET. JOHNSON SIGNED ALL OF HER OWN STUM (MOSTLY OM THRIFT SHOPS). SHE QUICKLY BEME A PROMENT FIXTURE THE LGBTQ MUNY SERVG AS A “DRAG MOTHER” BY HELPG HOMELS AND STGGLG LGBTQ YOUTH AND TOURG THE WORLD AS A SUCCSFUL DRAG QUEEN WH THE HOT {BORR-LEFT:MEDIUM SOLID BLACK;BORR-LEFT-LOR:#A00000;LOR:#323232;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:800;LETTER-SPACG:0.02EM;MARG:0.625REM 0 0;PADDG-LEFT:1.25REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.4;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.4;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{FONT-SIZE:1REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.4;}} B, STRONG{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;} EM, I{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-STYLE:ALIC;}"I WAS NO ONE, NOBODY, OM NOWHERVILLE UNTIL I BEME A DRAG QUEEN. THAT'S WHAT MA ME NEW YORK, THAT'S WHAT MA ME NEW JERSEY, THAT'S WHAT MA ME THE WORLD." -MARSHA P. JOHNSONAN ECCENTRIC WOMAN KNOWN FOR HER OUTLANDISH HATS AND GLAMORO JEWELRY, SHE WAS FEARLS AND BOLD. DPE HER DIFFICULTI WH MENTAL ILLNS AND NUMERO POLICE ENUNTERS, WHENEVER SHE WAS ASKED WHAT THE “P” HER NAME STOOD FOR AND WHEN PEOPLE PRIED ABOUT HER GENR OR SEXUALY, SHE QUIPPED BACK WH “PAY NO MD.” HER FORTHRIGHT NATURE AND ENDURG STRENGTH LED HER TO SPEAK OUT AGAST JTIC.STONEWALL UPRISGON JUNE 28, 1969, AT THE STONEWALL INN ON CHRISTOPHER STREET (THE HUB OF THE NYC GAY COMMUNY THE 1960S), THGS TURNED VLENT AFTER A FEW LGBTQ PEOPLE WERE ARRTED ON QUTNABLE CHARG, HANDCUFFED, AND VERY PUBLICLY FORCED TO POLICE RS ON THE STREETS OF NYC. THE LGBTQ MUNY WAS FED UP WH BEG TARGETED BY THE POLICE AND SEEG THE PUBLIC ARRTS CED RTG THAT SPILLED OVER TO THE NEIGHBORG STREETS AND LASTED SEVERAL DAYS. THE EVENTS HAVE BEEN LLECTIVELY SCRIBED AS A “RT,” A “REBELLN,” A “PROTT,” AND AN “UPRISG.” WHATEVER THE LABEL, THIS WAS CERTALY A WATERSHED MOMENT LGBT HISTORY. MANY EYEWNS HAVE INTIFIED MARSHA AS ONE OF THE MA STIGATORS OF THE UPRISG AND TH, SOME HAVE REGNIZED HER AS THE VANGUARD OF THE GAY LIBERATN MOVEMENT THE UNED STAT. STREET TRANSVTE ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR)AS AN AIN AMERIN TRANS WOMAN, JOHNSON HAS NSISTENTLY BEEN OVERLOOKED BOTH AS A PARTICIPANT THE STONEWALL UPRISG AND MORE GENERALLY, LGBTQ ACTIVISM. AS THE BROAR GAY AND LBIAN MOVEMENT SHIFTED TOWARD LEARSHIP OM WHE CISGENR MEN AND WOMEN, TRANS PEOPLE OF LOR WERE SWEPT TO THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE MOVEMENT. DPE THIS, FOLLOWG THE EVENTS AT STONEWALL, JOHNSON AND HER IEND {-WEBK-TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN-THICKNS:0.0625REM;TEXT-RATN-LOR:HER;TEXT-UNRLE-OFFSET:0.25REM;LOR:#A00000;-WEBK-TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;}{LOR:#595959;TEXT-RATN-LOR:BORR-LK-BODY-HOVER;}SYLVIA RIVERA -FOUND THE STREET TRANSVTE ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR) AND THEY BEME FIXTUR THE MUNY, PECIALLY THEIR MMENT TO HELPG HOMELS TRANSGENR YOUTH. STAR PROVID SERVIC — CLUDG SHELTER (THE FIRST WAS A TRAILER TCK) — TO HOMELS LGBTQ PEOPLE NEW YORK CY, CHIGO, CALIFORNIA AND ENGLAND FOR A FEW YEARS THE EARLY 1970S BUT EVENTUALLY DISBAND.DEATH AND TRIBUT SADLY, AT THE AGE OF 46, ON JULY 6, 1992, JOHNSON’S BODY WAS FOUND THE HUDSON RIVER OFF THE WT VILLAGE PIERS. THE POLICE LED SHE HAD MTED SUICI SPE CLAIMS OM HER IENDS AND OTHER MEMBERS OF THE LOL MUNY THAT SHE WAS NOT SUICIDAL. TWENTY-FIVE YEARS LATER, VICTORIA CZ, A CRIME VICTIM ADVOTE OF THE NEW YORK CY ANTI-VLENCE PROJECT (AVP) RE-OPENED THE SE. DOCUMENTARY AND INSTUTEJOHNSON’S STORY IS FEATURED PAY IT NO MD: MARSHA P. JOHNSON (2012) AND THE DEATH AND LIFE OF MARSHA P. JOHNSON (2017) AND HAPPY BIRTHDAY, MARSHA! (2017). IN 2015, THE MARSHA P. JOHNSON INSTUTE WAS TABLISHED. ITS MISSN IS TO FEND AND PROTECT THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF TRANSGENR AND GENR NONNFORMG MUNI. MARSHA IS HONORED AS A STONEWALL STIGATOR, A DRAG QUEEN, AN ANDY WARHOL MOL, AN ACTRS AND A REVOLUTNARY TRANS {BORR:0;BORR-BOTTOM:TH SOLID BLACK;MARG:1.875REM 0;CLEAR:BOTH;}QUICK FACTS
- GAY LIBERATN FRONT
- CATEGORY:GAY LIBERATN FRONT
MARSHA P. JOHNSON, A BLACK TRANSGENR WOMAN, WAS A CENTRAL FIGURE THE GAY LIBERATN MOVEMENT
Marsha P. Johnson stood at the center of New York Cy’s gay liberatn movement for nearly 25 years. But LGBTQ rights weren’t her only e. * gay liberation front marsha *
Johnson played a key role the uprisg that began on June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn New York’s Greenwich Village after police raid the gay bar and patrons fought back. “We were … throwg over rs and and screamg the middle of the street ‘e we were so upset ‘e they closed that place, ” Johnson told historian Eric Marc a 1989 terview that’s now been piled to an episo for the “Makg Gay History” podst. Johnson, a self-intified drag queen and a proment gay liberatn activist, is one of the most well-known participants the Stonewall uprisg.
INSI THE FIRST PRI PARA—A R PROTT FOR GAY LIBERATN
This Pri Month, as part of our “Hidn Histori” seri, we look back on the legacy of Marsha P. Johnson, a larger-than-life figure her own muny, whose ntributns to the fight for gay and transgenr rights were largely overlooked until recently. * gay liberation front marsha *
After Stonewall, her activism ntued—she joed the Gay Liberatn Front, ACT UP, and found the Street Transvte Actn Revolutnari (STAR) wh Sylvia Rivera. Rivera was also volved Stonewall, and the experience led her to mpaign wh the Gay Activist Alliance (GAA) for a cy nondiscrimatn law. But Rivera, who was a transgenr woman and Lata, faced discrimatn om tablished gay rights anizatns like the GAA that were predomantly led by whe men.
MARSHA P. {LOR:#595959;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:600;MARG-BOTTOM:0.625REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:0.875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.2;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1.25REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.2;}} A{-WEBK-TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN-THICKNS:0.0625REM;TEXT-RATN-LOR:HER;TEXT-UNRLE-OFFSET:0.25REM;LOR:HER;-WEBK-TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;} A:HOVER{LOR:#A00000;TEXT-RATN-LOR:BORR-LK-BODY-HOVER;}MARSHA P. JOHNSON WAS AN AIN AMERIN TRANSGENR WOMAN AND REVOLUTNARY LGBTQ RIGHTS ACTIVIST. SHE IS CREDED FOR BEG AN STIGATOR THE STONEWALL {MARG-BOTTOM:0.625REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0.3125REM;LOR:#323232;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1;FONT-WEIGHT:800;} SPAN{LE-HEIGHT:1.6;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;}{FONT-STYLE:NORMAL;PADDG-RIGHT:0.3125REM;FONT-FAY:RALAS,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;LOR:#323232;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.3;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;TEXT-TRANSFORM:PALIZE;}{DISPLAY:LE-BLOCK;TEXT-TRANSFORM:UPPERSE;MARG-LEFT:0.625REM;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1;FONT-WEIGHT:800;}UPDATED: SEP 9, {DISPLAY:-WEBK-BOX;DISPLAY:-WEBK-FLEX;DISPLAY:-MS-FLEXBOX;DISPLAY:FLEX;}{MARG-BOTTOM:0.9375REM;POSN:RELATIVE;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 64REM){{MAX-WIDTH:LC(100VW - (1REM * 2));MARG-LEFT:1REM;MARG-RIGHT:1REM;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC(-1 * 1REM);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 61.25REM){{MARG-LEFT:TO;MARG-RIGHT:TO;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - (LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM) - 2 * 1REM)) / -2);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 61.25REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 90REM){{MAX-WIDTH:LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM);MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM) - 1REM - 20.625REM) / 2);PADDG-LEFT:1REM;PADDG-RIGHT:1REM;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC(LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM) - 1REM - 20.625REM) / -2) - 1REM);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 90REM){{MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM)) / 2);MAX-WIDTH:LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM);PADDG-LEFT:1REM;PADDG-RIGHT:1REM;} .E152U5OS0{WIDTH:100VW;MARG-LEFT:LC(LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 + 1REM)) / -2) - LC(2 * 1REM));}[DATA-HAS-SPONSOR] {MARG-LEFT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM)) / 4);MARG-RIGHT:LC((100VW - LC(20.625REM * 2 - 1REM)) / 4);}}{JTIFY-SELF:CENTER;POSN:RELATIVE;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{MARG-LEFT:-50VW;MARG-RIGHT:-50VW;WIDTH:100VW;LEFT:50%;RIGHT:50%;}}{HEIGHT:TO;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{MARG:TO LC(50% - 50VW);}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{MARG:TO;}}{POSN:RELATIVE;HEIGHT:TO;}{POSN:RELATIVE;--POSN:ABSOLUTE;HEIGHT:TO;} IMG{MAX-WIDTH:100%;HEIGHT:TO;} A{POSN:ABSOLUTE;}{POSN:RELATIVE;WIDTH:100%;HEIGHT:100%;OBJECT-F:VER;VERTIL-ALIGN:TOP;}{BACKGROUND:#C92228;BOTTOM:0;PADDG:.5REM;RIGHT:0;}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{PADDG:0.39REM;}}{DISPLAY:BLOCK;HEIGHT:1REM;WIDTH:1REM;}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{WIDTH:1.063REM;HEIGHT:1.063REM;}}{LE-HEIGHT:1;MARG-TOP:0.3125REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 73.75REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0.9375REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0;}}{PADDG-RIGHT:0.3125REM;LOR:#595959;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-SIZE:0.75REM;LE-HEIGHT:1;FONT-WEIGHT:800;}BARBARA ALPER/GETTY {FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-SIZE:1.1875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.6;PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;POSN:RELATIVE;}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{PADDG-LEFT:3.5REM;PADDG-RIGHT:3.5REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 61.25REM){{MAX-WIDTH:45.25REM;MARG-LEFT:TO;MARG-RIGHT:TO;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 61.25REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 73.75REM) AND (MAX-WIDTH: 100REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 90REM){{PADDG-LEFT:0REM;PADDG-RIGHT:0REM;}} EM{FONT-STYLE:ALIC;FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;} STRONG{FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;}{CLEAR:BOTH;NTENT:" ";DISPLAY:BLOCK;FONT-SIZE:0.7REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.5REM;HEIGHT:0REM;VISIBILY:HIDN;}{FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-SIZE:1.1875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.6;} STRONG{FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;} EM{FONT-STYLE:ALIC;FONT-FAY:CHARTER,GEIA,TIM,SERIF;}(1945-1992){LOR:#323232;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:800;LETTER-SPACG:0.02EM;MARG-BOTTOM:0.625REM;MARG-TOP:0.625REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1.875REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.1;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:2REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.1;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{FONT-SIZE:2REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.1;}} B, STRONG{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;} EM, I{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-STYLE:ALIC;}WHO WAS MARSHA P. JOHNSON? MARSHA P. JOHNSON WAS AN AIN AMERIN TRANSGENR WOMEN WHO WAS AN LGBTQ RIGHTS ACTIVIST AND AN OUTSPOKEN ADVOTE FOR TRANS PEOPLE OF LOR. JOHNSON SPEARHEAD THE STONEWALL UPRISG 1969 AND ALONG WH SYLVIA RIVERA, SHE LATER TABLISHED THE STREET TRANSVTE (NOW TRANSGENR) ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR), A GROUP MTED TO HELPG HOMELS TRANSGENR YOUTH NEW YORK CY. SHE WAS TRAGILLY FOUND AD ON JULY 6, 1992 AT THE AGE OF 46. HER LIFE HAS BEEN CELEBRATED NUMERO BOOKS, DOCUMENTARI AND FILMS. EARLY LIFE AND DRAG QUEEN STARDOMMARSHA P. JOHNSON WAS BORN MALLM MICHAELS, JR. ON AUGT 24, 1945 ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY. JOHNSON EXPERIENCED A DIFFICULT CHILDHOOD DUE TO HER CHRISTIAN UPBRGG. SHE ENGAGED CROSS-DRSG BEHAVR AT AN EARLY AGE BUT WAS QUICKLY REPRIMAND. JOHNSON MOVED TO GREENWICH VILLAGE NEW YORK CY AFTER GRADUATG OM HIGH SCHOOL. IN NEW YORK, MARSHA STGGLED TO MAKE ENDS MEET. SHE WAS HOMELS AND PROSTUTED HERSELF TO MAKE ENDS MEET. HOWEVER, SHE FOUND JOY AS A DRAG QUEEN AMIDST THE NIGHTLIFE OF CHRISTOPHER STREET. JOHNSON SIGNED ALL OF HER OWN STUM (MOSTLY OM THRIFT SHOPS). SHE QUICKLY BEME A PROMENT FIXTURE THE LGBTQ MUNY SERVG AS A “DRAG MOTHER” BY HELPG HOMELS AND STGGLG LGBTQ YOUTH AND TOURG THE WORLD AS A SUCCSFUL DRAG QUEEN WH THE HOT {BORR-LEFT:MEDIUM SOLID BLACK;BORR-LEFT-LOR:#A00000;LOR:#323232;FONT-FAY:GILROY,HELVETI,ARIAL,SANS-SERIF;FONT-WEIGHT:800;LETTER-SPACG:0.02EM;MARG:0.625REM 0 0;PADDG-LEFT:1.25REM;}@MEDIA(MAX-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.4;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 48REM){{FONT-SIZE:1REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.4;}}@MEDIA(M-WIDTH: 64REM){{FONT-SIZE:1REM;LE-HEIGHT:1.4;}} B, STRONG{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-WEIGHT:BOLD;} EM, I{FONT-FAY:HER;FONT-STYLE:ALIC;}"I WAS NO ONE, NOBODY, OM NOWHERVILLE UNTIL I BEME A DRAG QUEEN. THAT'S WHAT MA ME NEW YORK, THAT'S WHAT MA ME NEW JERSEY, THAT'S WHAT MA ME THE WORLD." -MARSHA P. JOHNSONAN ECCENTRIC WOMAN KNOWN FOR HER OUTLANDISH HATS AND GLAMORO JEWELRY, SHE WAS FEARLS AND BOLD. DPE HER DIFFICULTI WH MENTAL ILLNS AND NUMERO POLICE ENUNTERS, WHENEVER SHE WAS ASKED WHAT THE “P” HER NAME STOOD FOR AND WHEN PEOPLE PRIED ABOUT HER GENR OR SEXUALY, SHE QUIPPED BACK WH “PAY NO MD.” HER FORTHRIGHT NATURE AND ENDURG STRENGTH LED HER TO SPEAK OUT AGAST JTIC.STONEWALL UPRISGON JUNE 28, 1969, AT THE STONEWALL INN ON CHRISTOPHER STREET (THE HUB OF THE NYC GAY COMMUNY THE 1960S), THGS TURNED VLENT AFTER A FEW LGBTQ PEOPLE WERE ARRTED ON QUTNABLE CHARG, HANDCUFFED, AND VERY PUBLICLY FORCED TO POLICE RS ON THE STREETS OF NYC. THE LGBTQ MUNY WAS FED UP WH BEG TARGETED BY THE POLICE AND SEEG THE PUBLIC ARRTS CED RTG THAT SPILLED OVER TO THE NEIGHBORG STREETS AND LASTED SEVERAL DAYS. THE EVENTS HAVE BEEN LLECTIVELY SCRIBED AS A “RT,” A “REBELLN,” A “PROTT,” AND AN “UPRISG.” WHATEVER THE LABEL, THIS WAS CERTALY A WATERSHED MOMENT LGBT HISTORY. MANY EYEWNS HAVE INTIFIED MARSHA AS ONE OF THE MA STIGATORS OF THE UPRISG AND TH, SOME HAVE REGNIZED HER AS THE VANGUARD OF THE GAY LIBERATN MOVEMENT THE UNED STAT. STREET TRANSVTE ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR)AS AN AIN AMERIN TRANS WOMAN, JOHNSON HAS NSISTENTLY BEEN OVERLOOKED BOTH AS A PARTICIPANT THE STONEWALL UPRISG AND MORE GENERALLY, LGBTQ ACTIVISM. AS THE BROAR GAY AND LBIAN MOVEMENT SHIFTED TOWARD LEARSHIP OM WHE CISGENR MEN AND WOMEN, TRANS PEOPLE OF LOR WERE SWEPT TO THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE MOVEMENT. DPE THIS, FOLLOWG THE EVENTS AT STONEWALL, JOHNSON AND HER IEND {-WEBK-TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN:UNRLE;TEXT-RATN-THICKNS:0.0625REM;TEXT-RATN-LOR:HER;TEXT-UNRLE-OFFSET:0.25REM;LOR:#A00000;-WEBK-TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;TRANSN:ALL 0.3S EASE--OUT;}{LOR:#595959;TEXT-RATN-LOR:BORR-LK-BODY-HOVER;}SYLVIA RIVERA -FOUND THE STREET TRANSVTE ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR) AND THEY BEME FIXTUR THE MUNY, PECIALLY THEIR MMENT TO HELPG HOMELS TRANSGENR YOUTH. STAR PROVID SERVIC — CLUDG SHELTER (THE FIRST WAS A TRAILER TCK) — TO HOMELS LGBTQ PEOPLE NEW YORK CY, CHIGO, CALIFORNIA AND ENGLAND FOR A FEW YEARS THE EARLY 1970S BUT EVENTUALLY DISBAND.DEATH AND TRIBUT SADLY, AT THE AGE OF 46, ON JULY 6, 1992, JOHNSON’S BODY WAS FOUND THE HUDSON RIVER OFF THE WT VILLAGE PIERS. THE POLICE LED SHE HAD MTED SUICI SPE CLAIMS OM HER IENDS AND OTHER MEMBERS OF THE LOL MUNY THAT SHE WAS NOT SUICIDAL. TWENTY-FIVE YEARS LATER, VICTORIA CZ, A CRIME VICTIM ADVOTE OF THE NEW YORK CY ANTI-VLENCE PROJECT (AVP) RE-OPENED THE SE. DOCUMENTARY AND INSTUTEJOHNSON’S STORY IS FEATURED PAY IT NO MD: MARSHA P. JOHNSON (2012) AND THE DEATH AND LIFE OF MARSHA P. JOHNSON (2017) AND HAPPY BIRTHDAY, MARSHA! (2017). IN 2015, THE MARSHA P. JOHNSON INSTUTE WAS TABLISHED. ITS MISSN IS TO FEND AND PROTECT THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF TRANSGENR AND GENR NONNFORMG MUNI. MARSHA IS HONORED AS A STONEWALL STIGATOR, A DRAG QUEEN, AN ANDY WARHOL MOL, AN ACTRS AND A REVOLUTNARY TRANS {BORR:0;BORR-BOTTOM:TH SOLID BLACK;MARG:1.875REM 0;CLEAR:BOTH;}QUICK FACTS
* gay liberation front marsha *
Police still routely rated gay bars a late night June 1969 raid on the Stonewall Inn, patrons fought back and the morn gay rights movement Ameri was born. She was a key player the LGBTQ pl rights movement that had sparked even as many gay and lbian groups margalized transgenr people.
Johnson scribed herself as a gay person, a transvte, and a drag queen and ed she/her pronouns; the term “transgenr” only beme monly ed after her ath. The first Gay Pri Para took place 1970 and a seri of gay rights groups—cludg the Gay Liberatn Front, a more radil anizatn, and the Gay Activist Alliance, a more morate and foced sp-off group—emerged.
GAY LIBERATN FRONT
The Stonewall Rts, also lled the Stonewall Uprisg, took place on June 28, 1969, New York Cy, after police raid the Stonewall Inn, a lol gay club. The raid sparked a rt among bar patrons and neighborhood rints as police hled employe and patrons out of the bar, leadg to six days of protts and vlent clash. The Stonewall Rts served as a talyst for the gay rights movement. * gay liberation front marsha *
” In an terview Johnson did for a 1972 book, she said her ambn was “to see gay people liberated and ee and to have equal rights that other people have Ameri. ” In another terview, she said “as long as gay people don’t have their rights all across Ameri…there is no reason for celebratn. Five months after the rts, activists Craig Rodwell, his partner Fred Sargeant, Ellen Brody and Lda Rhos proposed a rolutn at the Eastern Regnal Conference of Homophile Organizatns (ERCHO) Philalphia that a march be held New York Cy to memorate the one-year anniversary of the raid.
When they were lookg for a slogan for the event, was Schoonmaker that suggted “Pri.” The ia of “Gay Power” was thrown around, but Schoonmaker said gay dividuals lacked real power to make change, but one thg they did have was pri. That’s how the movement was most eful, bee they thought, ‘Maybe I should be proud.’” The official chant for the march beme, “Say loud, gay is proud.”The Stonewall Inn is a bar loted New York Cy’s Greenwich Village that served as a haven the 1960s for the cy’s gay, lbian and transgenr muny.
At the time, homosexual acts remaed illegal every state except Illois, and bars and rtrants uld get shut down for havg gay employe or servg gay patrons. Most gay bars and clubs New York at the time were operated by the Mafia, who paid rptible police officers to look the other way and blackmailed wealthy gay patrons by threateng to “out” them.
CATEGORY:GAY LIBERATN FRONT
Other articl where Gay Liberatn Front is discsed: Stonewall rts: The legacy of Stonewall: …radil groups such as the Gay Liberatn Front (GLF) and the Gay Activists Alliance (GAA). In addn to lnchg numero public monstratns to prott the lack of civil rights for gay dividuals, the anizatns often rorted to such tactics as public nontatns wh polil officials and the disptn of public… * gay liberation front marsha *
Here, protters monstrate outsi the New York gay bar, Christopher's End.Durg the early hours of June 28, 1969, the Stonewall Inn was raid by police wh no warng. As -founr of the Gay Liberatn Front, Rivera was known for participatg the Stonewall Rts and tablishg the polil anizatn STAR (Street Transvte Actn Revolutnari).
After the Stonewall Rts, a msage was pated on the outsi of the board-up bar readg, "We homosexuals plead wh out people to please help mata peaceful and quiet nduct on the streets of the village." This sign was wrten by the Mattache Society–an early anizatn dited to fightg for gay rights.An unintified group of young people celebrate outsi the board-up Stonewall Inn after the rts.
The Gay Liberatn Front (GLF) the UK was set up 1970 though 's worth notg the Sexual Offenc Act 1967 was partially crimalised homosexualy only three years earlier. * gay liberation front marsha *
More and more supporters gathered outsi the bar, chantg slogans like “gay power” and “we shall overe.”Over the next several nights, gay activists ntued to gather near the Stonewall, takg advantage of the moment to spread rmatn and build the muny that would fuel the growth of the gay rights movement. They are pictured here marchg Tim Square, 1969.Here, Sylvia Ray Rivera (ont) and Arthur Bell are seen at a gay liberatn monstratn, New York Universy, 1970 Marsha P. Johnson is seen at a Gay Liberatn Front monstratn at Cy Hall New York Cy.Here, a large crowd memorat the 2nd anniversary of the Stonewall rts Greenwich Village of New York Cy 1971.
The march was 51 blocks long om wt of Sixth Avenue at Waverly Place, Greenwich Village, all the way to Sheep’s Meadow Central Park, where activists held a “Gay-.” Borrowg a technique that had been popularized by the Civil Rights Movement, the “Gay-” was both a prott and a celebratn. The ont page of The New York Tim ran wh the headle, “Thoands of Homosexuals Hold A Prott Rally Central Park.”There were no floats, no mic blastg through the streets, no sntily clad dancers: this was a polil statement and a tt—what would happen when LGBT cizens beme more visible?
The cy marked the one-year anniversary of the Stonewall Rts wh a week-long celebratn that clud a Gay Dance, workshops and speech. Organized by the Gay Liberatn Movement, the official slogan was “Gay Power.” The next day, the Chigo Tribune ran a 75-word story on the third page wh the headle, “Gay Liberatn Stage March to Civic Center.”On the same day as New York, the LGBT muny of Greater Los Angel took to Hollywood Boulevard to display their pri. Today, Los Angel boasts they had “the world’s first permted para advotg for gay rights.”Spencer Grant/Getty ImagView of the large crowd, some of whom are holdg up handma signs and banners, participatg a gay and lbian pri para the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston.In San Francis, activists marched down Polk Street and held a “Gay-” at Goln Gate Park on June 28th, too.