Rgo Starr: Gay Manager's Sexualy 'Didn't Matter' to The Beatl

beatles were gay

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Brian Epste will be remembered for troducg The Beatl to a global dience, but their gay manager passed away 50 years ago durg the "Summer of Love" as homosexualy was first crimalised England and Wal.

Contents:

THE BEATL STAR REVEALS THE BAND’S ATTU ABOUT GAY PEOPLE

Who created that geo 20th-century creature, the rock star? Consir the gay image makers of the day, like Brian Epste and Jann Wenner. * beatles were gay *

One of the most inic stars of The Beatl, Rgo Starr had a new terview wh Para’s Jim Farber and revealed his ias about ‘gay accatns’ about The Beatl’ Brian Epste.

“The Beatl had a gay manager, Brian Epste, at a time when beg gay was illegal England and very much stigmatized. What was the band’s attu about gay people back then?

“I had known a lot of gay men.

THE GAY ARCHECTS OF ROCK

is the beatl gay * beatles were gay *

However, the longstandg mour claims that the song was wrten for The Beatl manager, Brian Epste, who was openly homosexual durg a time when was still outlawed the UK, and societal issu towards sexualy were still firmly stuck the dark ag.

WERE ANY OF THE BEATL GAY?

Please exce his language, but his 2006 tobgraphy The Beatl, Football And Me, he claimed: “John wasn’t a homosexual but he was daft enough to try anythg once”. Were The Beatl gay? He was a closeted gay man who had a tumultuo relatnship wh his sexualy.

Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band and Whe Album vers, wh a Magrte patg he troduced to McCartney servg as the Apple Rerds logo’s Spetti, the fuzzy sweater-clad TV director that the Beatl teased A Hard Day’s Night, was a notable gay man. He also held an LGBTQ+ nnectn to the Prton, an openly gay man, joed the Beatl at a time when the band seemed to be on the verge of a breakdown. Consir the gay image makers of the day, like Brian Epste and Jann Beatl wh their manager Brian Epste, right, October Archiv/Redferns, via Getty ImagOct.

Managers groomed them and shaped them, and the classic rock era those managers were often gay s, the close relatnships between the managers and the predomantly straight micians they advised were not discsed much.

THE ABSURDLY VLENT AND GAY BEATL MOVIE THAT NEVER GOT MA

“The Fifth Beatle, ” a recent graphic novel that foc on the personal life of the Fab Four’s gay manager, Brian Epste, was a New York Tim bt seller and is now velopment as a six-part mi-seri, wh the approval of the Beatl’ tate.

And the documentary film “Lambert & Stamp” ma clear the important role played by K Lambert, the gay -manager of the Who, shapg the band’s inty.

“Beg gay gave me a fer appreciatn of the sexualy of the guys up there, ” Mr.

THE UNTOLD STORY OF THE BEATL' GAY MANAGER

“It was all great until Harry said, ‘The only thg is, I don’t thk I uld be managed by a gay man.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* BEATLES WERE GAY

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Stuart wears..." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></picture></span></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 SplScreenContentHearGrid-kFpOdh fLkIyA"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn SplScreenContentHearCaptn-iOfEOv ckLUKG"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">Stuart Sutcliffe and his bandmat Hamburg, 1960.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Astrid Kirchherr / Courty Gzburg Fe Arts</span></div></div></div></hear></div><div data-attribute-verso-pattern="article-body" class="ArticlePageContentBackGround-cNiFNN kbAoLA article-body__ntent"><div class="ActnBarWrapperContent-lasBkU cAHp"><div class="ActnBarWrapperComponent-cjwxLS bEeSLb"><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="ActnBarWrapper-dhxmQh kNjTbQ viewport-monor-anchor"><button id="bookmark" aria-label="Save this story" class="ActnBarButton-dyFOZU hQrwCF bookmark large-screen"><span class="ActnBarSendaryButtonPrimaryIn-isbvyN cAwccV bookmark-button-in"><svg class="in in-bookmark" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Save this story</tle><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M20 23.9508L12.5 19.7312L5 23.9508V2.95081H14V3.93211H6V22.1845L12.5 18.5536L19 22.1845V8.83866H20V23.9508Z"></path><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M23 3H20V0H19V3H16V4H19V7H20V4H23V3Z"></path></svg></span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ActnBarButtonText-bYXYuh iUEiRd bkefvo gkccfO">Save this story</span></button></div><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="ActnBarWrapper-dhxmQh kAEsuD viewport-monor-anchor"><button id="bookmark" aria-label="Save this story" class="ActnBarButton-dyFOZU cjjxgx bookmark mobile"><span class="ActnBarSendaryButtonPrimaryIn-isbvyN cAwccV bookmark-button-in"><svg class="in in-bookmark" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Save this story</tle><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M20 23.9508L12.5 19.7312L5 23.9508V2.95081H14V3.93211H6V22.1845L12.5 18.5536L19 22.1845V8.83866H20V23.9508Z"></path><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M23 3H20V0H19V3H16V4H19V7H20V4H23V3Z"></path></svg></span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ActnBarButtonText-bYXYuh iUEiRd bkefvo gkccfO">Save this story</span></button></div></div></div><div class="LightboxWrapper-dxsWBV hhylRt"><div class="ArticlePageChunksContent-etcMtP imbgVA"><div data-ttid="ArticlePageChunks" class="ArticlePageChunks-fLyCVG lmuXQm"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg">On Augt 17, 1960, five young Brons were approachg the stage of a small night club Hamburg, about to play mic that cy for the first time. To reach the stage, they had e an almost unimagable distance. From their home, Liverpool, they had driven a cream-and-green mib to the port of Harwich. The b, teeterg unr the weight of amplifiers and stments, had been lifted onto a ferry by a crane. At first, the stevedor had refed to handle such a prer load; a photograph ptured the moment jt after they changed their mds, wh the sixti hangg the balance.</p><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Black and whe photograph of a mib beg lifted by a crane wh people standg below." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">The Beatl begng their takeoff, Augt 16, 1960; at far left, a bpectacled John Lennon.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Barry Chang</span></div></figure><p class="paywall">The micians slept on bench as the ferry churned across the North Sea toward the Hook of Holland. From there, they drove to the Wt German borr, where they told officials that they were stunts, brgg their guars for “sg-songs” wh iends. They were young enough to enurage the se—durg the long ri, their manager had reced “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">The Wd the Willows</a>” to enterta them. Four of the five were teen-agers: John Lennon, neteen; Pl McCartney and Pete Bt, eighteen; Gee Harrison, seventeen. The fifth, Stuart Sutcliffe, was twenty, barely.</p><p class="paywall">But they were growg up fast, and the road offered s own form of stctn. Enterg a roundabout, they turned the wrong directn, and found a gigantic tck bearg down on them. When the b’s tir beme ught streetr tracks, s passengers avoid llidg wh a tram, but only at the last send. Fally, as they pulled to Hamburg, they rammed to a r.</p><p class="paywall">Eventually, the mib found s way to the Reeperbahn, the ma avenue of Hamburg’s s district, then turned to Grosse Freihe, a small street named after the “great eedom” offered by a lol unt, around 1610, when he tablished a set of enomic and relig reforms. The band set up their gear a ty club, at No. 64, that offered a “daily ternatnal program” wh lgerie shows. Its marquee clud a name, Indra, that me om a Hdu y, a iend to weary travellers and poets. That seemed appropriate. John Lennon took out a pen and crossed out the word “Silver” om the band’s name. From now on, they were simply Beatl.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa RaHuL body ArticlePageBodyGridContaer-jrMoA-d xjuw body__grid-ntaer" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div data-ttid="feature-large-llout" class="CalloutFeatureLargeWrapper-cGjDsT gldPvP"><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Blackandwhe photo of the Beatl performg on a small stage. Stuart Sutcliffe stands on the right wearg sunglass..." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">The Beatl at the Indra, Augt 17, 1960.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photographer unknown</span></div></figure></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">On their first night Hamburg, the band members posed for a photograph, as if to prove that they had survived the crossg. In light blazers, dark pants, and tan wboy boots, they had not yet settled on their look, and were starg different directns. But, on the right, the bassist was locked , radiatg an attu of pure rock and roll. Stuart Sutcliffe’s pose might have amed the others; he had been playg bass for only seven months, and was distctly ls virtuosic than the three guarists. Yet he had done a great al to propel this journey across the North Sea, to the slipstream of history.</p><p class="paywall">Sutcliffe remas a spectral prence Beatl lore, obscured by our knowledge that the band was sted to bee a quartet. He joed early 1960, and his parture, 1961, forced <a href=">Pl McCartney</a> to pick up the bass, the stment that God clearly wanted him to play. No band needs three guarists.</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">Yet Sutcliffe has e out of the shadows recent years, thanks pecially to the Brish wrer Mark Lewisohn, who has been laborg for s, like a medieval scribe, on what is sure to be the most tailed history of the Beatl ever wrten. “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Tune In</a>,” the first volume of an expected trilogy, appeared 2013, and voted ne hundred and forty-four pag to their begngs, through 1962. Among other breakthroughs, Lewisohn has shown how pivotal Sutcliffe was durg the <em>Wunrjahr</em> of 1960. At the end of 1959, the band was an iffy proposn, changg s name every few months. Like Spal Tap, they suffered om a chronic shortage of dmmers, and they llectively owned a sgle amp. So dim were the group’s prospects that Gee Harrison joed a band wh steadier gigs.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">But Sutcliffe’s arrival was galvanic. Lennon, energized by his iendship wh a brilliant pater, began to hear his own me. Together, they me up wh the perfect band name, and Sutcliffe’s charisma kept openg doors. His search for his voice guid theirs, and even after he left—and even after he died, 1962, of a myster bra jury—he ntued to speak to them.</p><p class="paywall">I enuntered that voice three years ago, on an arctic day, a basement on Long Island. A iend had alerted me to a che of art, letters, journals, and photographs by Sutcliffe, which were held the hoe of his sister Ple near a street named Blue Jay Way. The Beatl’ creatn story is eply entrenched, and teleologil: is simply <em>evable</em> that Lennon will meet McCartney, that their geni will nquer the world. But Ple’s archive suggts that, whout Sutcliffe’s arrival, they might never have found their way to the ferry. To elevate his role the story don’t tract om his bandmat’ achievement. On the ntrary, forc new amazement that they ma out of Liverpool at all.</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">Born 1940, the elst child of his fay, Sutcliffe grew up wh a father at sea, and filled the void wh readg, wrg, and drawg his sketchbooks. “We young artists are like young sailors,” he wrote a notebook. “Unls we enunter rough seas and are buffeted by the wds, we’ll not bee real sailors.” It was as if the North Sea were already beckong.</p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">The story has been told of Liverpool’s openns to Amerin mic, but was also a cy teemg wh lerary ias— the ffee bars near the Liverpool College of Art, where beatniks gathered to shout poems at one another, and the garrets where they chattered late to the night. Sutcliffe entered the llege 1956, and quickly tablished himself as a star pater, splashg his nvas wh a rt of lor, like the artists he loved: Serge Poliakoff, Nilas Staël. When he met another stunt, John Lennon, a spark was kdled.</p><p class="paywall">Cynthia Powell, a fellow-stunt and the woman who would bee Lennon’s first wife, wrote about the years her memoirs, and dwelled at length on the iendship between the two nearsighted artists, who tried so hard to see what the world had to offer. Patiently, Sutcliffe tght Lennon how to thk through the act of posn, planng a patg so that would create a rich universe of s own. Ls patiently, Lennon expand Sutcliffe’s sense of sound, ravg about the latt sgl om across the Atlantic.</p><p class="paywall">They shared a love of words, too. In his youth, Lennon had created <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">a mock newspaper, the <em>Daily Howl</em></a>, which he wrote out at home, by hand. Sutcliffe read everythg he uld get his hands on, om Kant and Spoza to Kerouac, Dostoyevsky, and <a href=">Søren Kierkegaard</a>, the neteenth-century Danish philosopher who unselled his rears to set asi tellectual ncerns and “leap.”</p><p class="paywall">The first leap me soon enough. At the end of 1959, Sutcliffe was selected for a prtig art exhibn, and sold a patg. Sudnly, he had nety pounds burng a hole his pocket. Lennon, who had been playg skiffly rock and roll wh McCartney, Harrison, and an assortment of dmmers, prsed Sutcliffe to nvert his pal ga to a new bass. On January 21, 1960, Sutcliffe bought a Hofner 333, and soon joed the bo.</p><p class="paywall">From that moment, the story accelerat. Sutcliffe was not a natural mician, but he practiced until his fgers bled, and helped other ways to fill out the picture. (Harrison would remember him as the band’s “Art Director” those years.) He helped sre up a send amplifier om the llege, and the band’s sound grew richer. They need nnectns, too, and when a new fé and venue, the Jaranda, opened nearby, Sutcliffe was ready. The fé’s owner—a plumber named Allan Williams—wanted someone to pat over graffi the women’s bathroom. Sutcliffe livered a seri of murals of, as Williams later put his memoir, “Rock n’ Roll Scen.” Williams was lighted.</p><p class="paywall">Sutcliffe had begun livg an artist’s loft, across the street om the Anglin thedral that towered over Liverpool. Lennon immediately moved , and Harrison and McCartney were a nstant prence, eager to pe parental supervisn. McCartney later remembered as a magil place (“Very stunty!”), where they uld stay up all night, playg the latt rerds om Ameri, until the sun shone on the thedral.</p><div class="GenericCalloutWrapper-tojWn iHBnEl llout--has-top-borr" data-ttid="GenericCallout"><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Waterlor of a le figure playg the guar wh a shadow to the right." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">A waterlor of John Lennon playg guar, by Stuart Sutcliffe, om around 1960. </span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Art work urty Stuart Sutcliffe Estate</span></div></figure></div><p class="paywall">But, even as they hered, the band lacked a name. (They had outgrown optns like the Quarrymen, and Johnny and the Moondogs.) Sutcliffe kept long vobulary lists—<em>gregar, ascetic, sublimate</em>—and one night, April, he and Lennon ncted a pun that nodd at once to the Beat Generatn and to one of their favore acts, the Crickets, the band led by Buddy Holly. McCartney later remembered the exact moment when his iends, walkg along the thedral, announced, “Hey, we want to ll the band the Beatl.” Harrison gave the cred to “Sutcliffe/Lennon.”</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-2 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">In the weeks that followed, the Beatl rehearsed Sutcliffe’s rooms. Williams, enchanted by their style, and by Sutcliffe’s artistic disposn, began to take an tert. In late May, he booked the group on a tour of a wdswept stretch of the Sttish ast, backg a teen-idol type, Johnny Gentle. When the group returned, they were granted a regular spot playg gigs at the Jaranda. But the big break me Augt, when Williams got a ll om a German club owner who need five English micians to perform Hamburg.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="lhzstf"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">Here was a send leap of fah, pecially for Sutcliffe, who would need to pse his promisg art reer, and had more to lose than the others. But he fally agreed. The cisn was ma easier when a newspaper article about beatniks intified his buildg as a foul nt of this vasive speci. On Augt 15th, he and Lennon were evicted. The next day, the band ma onto the ferry.</p><p class="paywall">In eight months, they had e a long way, thanks no small part to the bookish young man who kept patg new doorways for them to walk through. Sutcliffe still wrtled wh his stment, but he had earned his place the Beatl, fdg them a name, a place to grow, and a chance to soar. In a notepad, he wrote a list of aphorisms. “History is my father and tomorrow is my son,” one reads. Another: “Now I am young I have strong wgs I n fly high. I will.”</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">From the moment the Beatl arrived Hamburg, their immersn was total. Between Augt 17th and October 3rd, they played forty-eight sets at the Indra, each roughly six or eight hours long—far more than they had ever played England. After an elrly lodger plaed about the noise, they moved to the Kaiserkeller, a nearby sailor bar. On their first night at the new venue, at a tense moment the <a href=">Cold War</a>, the U.S.S. Antar and the U.S.S. Fiske sailed to Hamburg. Sudnly, hundreds of Navy men need entertag.</p><p class="paywall">The Beatl played fifty-eight more sets between October 4th and November 30th. Unr prsure to <em>mach sch,</em> or “make show”—the phrase that had been yelled at them by the Indra’s manager—they beme more extroverted, stompg and screamg to get attentn. In mid-October, Sutcliffe wrote home to Ple, “We have improved a thoandfold sce our arrival.” His nfince was burgeong durg this trial by fire. At the Kaiserkeller and the Indra, women swooned over the tense young man, as did the gay clientele, pecially when Sutcliffe me forward to sg the Elvis ballad “Love Me Tenr.” In a letter home to his sister, Sutcliffe wrote, “I’ve bee very popular both wh girls and homosexuals, who tell me I’m the sweett, most betiful boy.”</p><p class="paywall">As Liverpool, Sutcliffe soon nnected wh a group of like-md art stunts. One night late October, a young graphic signer, Kls Voormann, me to the Kaiserkeller after a quarrel wh his girliend. It was his first time a night club. When I spoke to Voormann, who liv near Munich, he relled the moment as if were yterday. He had jt seen a boistero band fish s set. (It turned out to be Rory Storm and the Hurrin, featurg Rgo Starr on dms.) When the next act me out, the first Beatle to take the stage was a slenr young man wh a passg remblance to Jam Dean. The group lnched to a blisterg set, and Voormann remembers a woman the dience who seemed to experience an asm “jt lookg at the way Stuart was standg.”</p><p class="paywall">The next night, Voormann me back wh his girliend, Astrid Kirchherr, and another iend, Jürgen Vollmer. They beme regulars, and Voormann shyly troduced himself to Lennon, who told him to fd Sutcliffe, “the arty one.” “We started talkg, and was like the world was on fire,” Voormann said.</p><p class="paywall">Soon Kirchherr began takg photographs of the Beatl, who stctively unrstood how to <em>mach sch</em> for her mera. One day, she brought the band to a lol fairground—the <em>Heiligengeistfeld</em>, or Field of the Holy Spir—where she ptured them among the abandoned tcks and rnival ris of the off-season. Twice, she amed Sutcliffe the distance, lookg past Lennon and McCartney, through sunglass, toward her.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa RaHuL body ArticlePageBodyGridContaer-jrMoA-d xjuw body__grid-ntaer" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div data-ttid="feature-large-llout" class="CalloutFeatureLargeWrapper-cGjDsT gldPvP"><div class="GroupCalloutWrapper-bPWknp gdIAQE llout llout--group llout--group-2" data-ttid="GroupCalloutWrapper"><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed llout--group-em llout--group-em-1"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Black and whe photograph of John Lennon foc on the right and a blurry Stuart Sutcliffe holdg his guar the..." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Astrid Kirchherr / Courty Gzburg Fe Arts</span></div></figure><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed llout--group-em llout--group-em-2"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Black and whe photograph of Pl McCartney foc on the right and a blurry Stuart Sutcliffe holdg his guar ..." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Astrid Kirchherr / Courty Gzburg Fe Arts</span></div></figure></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">Kirchherr spoke hardly a word of English; Sutcliffe spoke almost no German. But they fell love, and their relatnship sparked a seri of formative ias, pecially regardg how a band uld look. Sutcliffe was small enough to wear Kirchherr’s cloth, and he often did, whout hatn. For rockers on both sis of the Atlantic, hair grease was a ccial mortar; but Voormann and Vollmer were begng to let their bangs tumble forward, wh no grease at all. The look, which they lled a <em>pilzenkopf</em>, or mhroom head, was dargly new, but was also old, and Voormann traced back to Classil statuary. Sutcliffe was the first Beatle to go Gre-Roman; the others soon me around. Later, Sutcliffe showed up a llarls Pierre Card jacket, the garment that would eventually e to fe the band.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-3 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">The timacy between Sutcliffe and Kirchherr also ed tensn. Acrdg to Ple, McCartney later nfsed that “peeved the rt of like mad, that she hadn’t fallen love wh any of ,” and he seemed to feel that the plonk of Sutcliffe’s bass playg was holdg the band back. Voormann, for his part, matas that “the Beatl were bt when Stuart was still the band,” and that Sutcliffe had “great feelg.” Pete Bt, who had a ont-row seat, agreed that Sutcliffe got the hang of his stment.</p><p class="paywall">By early December, most of the group was orred back to England after disput wh the Kaiserkeller’s owner and the lol police. Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Bt limped back to Liverpool, but Sutcliffe lgered Hamburg, hant to return to a cy that he likened his letters to a “brass ff.” When he fally returned for a set of gigs late January, he received a savage beatg after beg rnered by a group of Teddy Boys. Lennon and Bt broke up the fight, but not before Sutcliffe was kicked the head. Two weeks later, the Beatl began playg at the Cavern Club. (A gray photograph shows Lennon playg guar wh a splt on his fger. Behd him, Sutcliffe’s bass n be seen, but not his face, as though he were easg out of the picture.)</p><p class="paywall">The Beatl journeyed back to Hamburg, and played nety-two shows between April 1st and July 1st. In photographs, Sutcliffe appears fully engaged, but he was spendg more and more time wh Kirchherr, and was creasgly drawn to his passn for art. (As Cynthia Lennon wrote, “He was not the type of person to fool himself.”) In late June, the Beatl rerd their first profsnal tracks; Sutcliffe, though there to cheer on his iends, didn’t play. The band backed another sger, Tony Sheridan, for five songs, then worked out two on their own. One was an stmental tled “Cry for a Shadow.” The only song creded to John Lennon and Gee Harrison, seemed to scribe the Beatle who was both prent and not.</p><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Sepia toned image of Sutcliffe standg his stud wh large patgs behd him." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">Sutcliffe his stud, around 1961.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph urty Stuart Sutcliffe Estate</span></div></figure><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">A week later, the break was plete. The Beatl returned to Liverpool for the next phase of their lnch, and Sutcliffe began patg wh a fury, sellg his Hofner to Voormann and g the sh for pats and nvas. He had also found the perfect stctor: Eduardo Paolozzi, a fellow-Br, who happened to be teachg at a Hamburg art school. Like Sutcliffe, Paolozzi was entranced by Amerin pop culture. In 1947, he created a llage tled “I Was a Rich Man’s Playthg,” which featured an airplane, a bottle of Co-Cola, and a gun wh the word “pop” near the barrel. Many believe that Pop Art was born that moment.</p><p class="paywall">Wh a sculptor’s eye, Paolozzi roamed the scrap lots and ship-salvage yards of Hamburg, lookg for bs of metal. Sutcliffe followed him, eager to experiment wh new media. Paolozzi began work on a <a href=">thirteen-mute movie</a>; Sutcliffe, acrdg to his letters, started makg short films. The art was flowg out of him: life studi, llag, nvas as tall as he was. “If he’d lived, he uld easily have been <em>the</em> Beatle,” Paolozzi later said. “He was imagative, ultra-telligent, and he was open to everythg.” In at least one edn of “Tune In,” Lewisohn clus a photograph om Febary 3, 1962, full of that sense of possibily. Voormann wears a Baroque ff, as if impersonatg a Rembrandt portra; Kirchherr and Sutcliffe wear matchg leather pants.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="do8n3r"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Black and whe photo of Stuart Sutcliffe Kls Voormann and Astrid Kirchherr stume." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">Voormann, Kirchherr, and Sutcliffe Hamburg, 1962. </span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph urty Kai-Uwe Franz</span></div></figure><p class="paywall">To judge om the swagger, Sutcliffe was the picture of good health. In fact, he had been sufferg om a range of medil plats. The issu began early 1961, when he was still wh the band, and when he started experiencg myster pas. In July, he wrote his mother that he had “a shadow” on his lungs, gastris, and an appendix that need removal. Near the end of January, he suffered a nvulsive f, and uldn’t attend class. Still, he kept patg at a antic pace.</p><p class="paywall">When Sutcliffe returned to Liverpool, the third week of Febary, he began to worry iends. He nfsed to Lennon that he sometim thought about jumpg out of a wdow, and his mother later scribed his pa as “a bomb gog off his head.” In March, the Beatl played on the rad for the first time, and Sutcliffe soon returned to Hamburg, where the headach got worse. They stopped on April 10, 1962, when he slipped to a a and died Kirchherr’s arms, on the way to the hospal.</p><p class="paywall">The Beatl learned the news not long after, om Kirchherr, at the Hamburg airport, where they had land to beg a new rincy. “John went to hysterics,” she later relled. “We uldn’t make out . . . whether he was lghg or cryg bee he did everythg at once. I remember him stg on a bench, huddled over, and he was shakg, rockg backward and forward.” Losg his bt iend was an exprsible loss, but there was ltle time to grieve. Once aga, the Beatl need to <em>mach sch</em>.</p><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Black and whe double exposure of John Lennon the same lotn as Sutcliffe's self portra photograph his..." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">Double exposure of John Lennon, grievg Sutcliffe’s stud. </span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Astrid Kirchherr / Courty Gzburg Fe Arts</span></div></figure><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">Three days later, on April 13th, the Beatl played an extraordary show at the Star Club, a huge theatre wh a mural of the New York skyle. Voormann wnsed a tragiic scene as John, drsed as a cleang woman and knockg over mike stands, worked through his grief. “It gave me shivers to watch , but this is what clowns do, brg humor to tragedy,” he told Lewisohn s later. “It was hilar.”</p><p class="paywall">At first, the official e of Sutcliffe’s ath was “cerebral paralysis due to bleedg to the right ventricle of the bra.” One doctor told Kirchherr that Sutcliffe’s bra had been prsg agast his cranium as grew. Later, pathologists disvered a tumor ed by a small prsn Sutcliffe’s skull, suggtg that his sufferg stemmed om an act of vlence.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-4 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">Whatever the reason, Lennon was plunged to grief. He began pickg fights and drkg too much, and for a time even lost his voice. He told Kirchherr that he wished he uld have died Sutcliffe’s place. One day, he showed Kirchherr the room where he was stayg, and she scribed , her dimentary English, a letter to Sutcliffe’s mother: “Every piece of paper om Stuart he have stick on the wall and big photographs by his bed.” At tim, Lennon swallowed his anguish and exprsed a hard-bten perspective. Tryg to fort Kirchherr, he told her, “Make up your md, you eher live or you die.”</p><p class="paywall">The Beatl ntued their ascent, but Sutcliffe st a long shadow. He would appear, ghostlike, on their album vers: on “Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band,” Sutcliffe is among the sr of pictured fac, and, when Lennon released “Rock ’n’ Roll,” 1975, he ed an old photograph om Hamburg, which his iend appears as a blur om the spir world. Yoko Ono later told the journalist Larry Kane that “there was not a perd our liv” durg which Lennon didn’t mentn Sutcliffe, and that he nsired them to be “soul mat.”</p><p class="paywall">Even the other Beatl felt Sutcliffe’s prence. McCartney remembered that the band had a pact. “If one of were to die, he’d e back and let the others know if there was another si,” he said. “So as Stuart was the first one to go, we did half expect him to show up. Any pans that rattled the night uld be him.”</p><p class="paywall">If pans did rattle, would go some distance toward explag jt how good the Beatl beme. Their songs embraced life, but they also dared to ntemplate ath, and what li beyond. “It is not dyg,” Lennon sists “Tomorrow Never Knows.” In jt a few years, Sutcliffe had given a great al to his iends—but ath he remd them of life’s transience, and of the urgency of beg te to onelf. “He would walk down the street, anywhere, and see somethg betiful—the sky, a bird, anythg,” Voormann said. “He was the most spirg person I have met all my life.”</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">Sutcliffe’s ra was palpable on the day that I met his sister on Long Island. The sunshe was streamg through genero skylights, and Ple sat a room that brimmed wh her brother’s art. There seemed to be hundreds of piec: some large, stretchg om floor to ceilg, while others were small llag, wh bs of Hamburg newspapers pasted throughout. In a rner, one nvas mand special attentn. At the bottom, there was a sgle word, “Stuart,” and below two shap remblg qutn marks. Ple told me they were add at the last mute, as the pat was dryg, by John Lennon.</p><p class="paywall">Ple ved me to vis several tim, and enuraged me to go through the archive of wrgs her basement. (Some of them have been reproduced by bgraphers, cludg Ple herself, her 2001 book “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">The Beatl’ Shadow</a>.”) It was impossible not to feel Sutcliffe’s life force; was radiatg om the nvas, and the letters, and om Ple’s face, which l up every time she said his name. In the fall of 2019, she died, and my viss stopped. Still, she had given a great gift, by grantg a backstage pass to the story. Throughout the solatn of the panmic, helped to play the Beatl, pecially wh a eper unrstandg of jt how close we me to never hearg them at all. If Harrison had immigrated to Atralia, as he wished; if McCartney had kept his job as a il-wr, as he nearly did; or, if Lennon and Sutcliffe had not regnized somethg profound one another, this would have been a different story.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa RaHuL body ArticlePageBodyGridContaer-jrMoA-d xjuw body__grid-ntaer" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="GenericCalloutWrapper-tojWn ecxUUd llout--has-top-borr" data-ttid="GenericCallout"><div class="GroupCalloutWrapper-bPWknp gdIAQE llout llout--group llout--group-2" data-ttid="GroupCalloutWrapper"><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed llout--group-em llout--group-em-1"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Abstract patg wh a whe background and blue and black geometric l crossg over eachother." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">One of Sutcliffe’s mixed-media llag.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Art work urty Stuart Sutcliffe Estate</span></div></figure><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed llout--group-em llout--group-em-2"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Red and brown patg of a face." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">A self-portra by Sutcliffe, cir 1960.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Art work urty Stuart Sutcliffe Estate</span></div></figure></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">Fortunately, history unfold as did, thanks part to a young artist who took a leap of fah and never looked back. “There is no mercy for ,” Sutcliffe wrote his journal. “Everyone has to go through a perd of worry and stggle if he wants to go to ep water.” By crossg the North Sea, the Beatl found a water so ep that we n swim forever.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 PaywallInleBarrierWhWrapperGrid-fyrGfS jyGBoi"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="body body__le-barrier article__body article__body--grid-margs"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"><asi class="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper-iBnuqk lfXXa-D" data-ttid="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper"><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--paywall-le-barrier" role="prentatn" aria-live="pole" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--paywall-le-barrier"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></asi></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ContentWrapperGrid-fvkmBv jfHKjr"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="body body__ntaer"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"></div></div></div></div></div></div></article><div class="ContentFooterWrapper-jVNdRG bGJnrW ArticlePageContentFooterGrid-ccsXYy fzwwkW article-body__footer"><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="LkStackWrapper-NFLYw kgtXXB lkstack" data-ttid="LkStack"><div class="SectnTleRoot-dBGvdq kjAxEG LkStackHear-lKjbE hejl lk-stack--headg" data-ttid="SectnTle"><h2 class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SectnTleHed-dKqZet dxqEAa dqtvfu jttyjJ">New Yorker Favor</h2></div><div class="LkStackContent-jyKicS gPhyME"><ul class="LkStackList-gGcjdZ dnMwpz"><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>The killer who <a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">got to Harvard</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>A thief who <a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">stole only silver</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>The light of the <a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">world’s first nuclear bomb</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>How Steve Mart <a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">learned what’s funny</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Growg up as the <a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">son of the Cowardly Ln</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Amelia Earhart’s <a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">last flight</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Fictn by Milan Kunra: “<a href="/unfed" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">The Unbearable Lightns of Beg</a>.”</p></div></li></ul><div class="LkStackFooter-KfRyO ebnmps lk-stack--footer"><div><p><a href=">Sign up</a> for our daily newsletter to receive the bt stori om <em>The New Yorker</em>.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="ContributorsWrapper-eNpWFu GWFsc ntributors" data-ttid="Contributors"><div class="ContributorBWrapper-bnVHbt gMon"><div class="ContributorBContent-ubQdr jZTSSi"><div class="ContributorBHear-ledood XOIEx"></div><div class="ContributorBB-fBolsO giFhKz"><a href="/ntributors/ted-widmer">Ted Widmer</a> is a distguished lecturer at the Maulay Honors College at the Cy Universy of New York. His most recent book is “<a href=">Lln on the Verge: Thirteen Days to Washgton</a>.”</div><div class="ContributorBFooter-brqDlv ezUmSv"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div data-ttid="TagCloudWrapper" class="TagCloudWrapper-gGgndx ctyZyK ContentFooterTagCloud-krQmRG ZLGh"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudSectnHear-cOforY iUEiRd bPyAoD kQQRmu">More:</span><a href="/tag/mic" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM TagCloudLk-kvjZFu iUEiRd ggMZaT gFob hIhJOI"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudName-eAUnLd iUEiRd gwIVBQ bUkXwu">Mic</span></a><a href="/tag/rock-mic" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM TagCloudLk-kvjZFu iUEiRd ggMZaT gFob hIhJOI"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudName-eAUnLd iUEiRd gwIVBQ bUkXwu">Rock Mic</span></a><a href="/tag/rock-bands" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM TagCloudLk-kvjZFu iUEiRd ggMZaT gFob hIhJOI"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudName-eAUnLd iUEiRd gwIVBQ bUkXwu">Rock Bands</span></a><a href="/tag/the-beatl" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM TagCloudLk-kvjZFu iUEiRd ggMZaT gFob hIhJOI"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudName-eAUnLd iUEiRd gwIVBQ bUkXwu">The Beatl</span></a><a href="/tag/bands" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM TagCloudLk-kvjZFu iUEiRd ggMZaT gFob hIhJOI"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudName-eAUnLd iUEiRd gwIVBQ bUkXwu">Bands</span></a></div></div></div></div><div data-ttid="ContentFooterBottom" class="ContentFooterBottom-jwWZfC kcbyiW"><div class="ContentFooterNewsletterContentWrapper-bmjtna kixtae"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div data-ttid="NewsletterSubscribeFormWrapper" class="NewsletterSubscribeFormWrapper-fCqqkN jKSBhE newsletter-subscribe-form ContentFooterNewsletterForm-hKeYwa liPqcf"><div data-ttid="NewsletterSubscribeFormHedDekWrapper" class="NewsletterSubscribeFormHedDekWrapper-fpMElW eglIBL"><h3 class="NewsletterSubscribeFormDangeroHed-kRwWjt kbxOa-D newsletter-subscribe-form__hed ContentFooterNewsletterForm-hKeYwa liPqcf">Gogs On</h3><div class="NewsletterSubscribeFormDek-kXonvc cKOhTM newsletter-subscribe-form__k">What we’re watchg, listeng to, and dog this week, onle, N.Y.C., and beyond. 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When I fally started “The Frd,” one prciple was clear: no Dickens.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Zadie Smh</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm dqlGhv" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Novelist Whose Inventns Went Too Far" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Life and Letters</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Novelist Whose Inventns Went Too Far</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Novelist Whose Inventns Went Too Far" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">After the Ao-Cuban wrer H. G. Carrillo died, his hband learned that almost everythg the wrer had shared about his life was ma up—cludg his Cuban inty.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>D. T. Max</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm dqlGhv" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Tan Submersible Was “an Accint Wag to Happen”" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">A Reporter at Large</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Tan Submersible Was “an Accint Wag to Happen”</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Tan Submersible Was “an Accint Wag to Happen”" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">Interviews and e-mails wh expedn lears and employe reveal how OceanGate ignored sperate warngs om si and outsi the pany. “It’s a lemon,” one wrote.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Ben Tb</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm dqlGhv" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Country Mic’s Culture Wars and the Remakg of Nashville" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Amerin Chronicl</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Country Mic’s Culture Wars and the Remakg of Nashville</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Country Mic’s Culture Wars and the Remakg of Nashville" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">Tennsee’s ernment has turned hard red, but a new set of outlaw songwrers is challengg Mic Cy’s nservative ways—and lg bro-untry sound.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Ey 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