In Gay Berl, Robert Beachy scrib the rise of a gay subculture the 1920s and '30s, how ntributed to our unrstandg of gay inty and how was eradited by the Nazis.
Contents:
- BERL & GAY LIBERATN LONG BEFORE STONEWALL
- 10 FACTS ON THE ORIGS OF GAY RIGHTS BERL
- GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
- QUEER & GAY BERL: YOUR GUI FOR LGBTQ+ BERL
- BETWEEN WORLD WARS, GAY CULTURE FLOURISHED IN BERL
- GAY LIFE BERL IS STARTG TO ECHO A DARKER ERA
- GAY BERL: BIRTHPLACE OF A MORN INTY
- SCHWUL MM (GAY MM)
- STANFORD SCHOLAR EXPLOR THE HISTORY OF GAY RIGHTS GERMANY
- BERL'S GAY NEIGHBOURHOODS
- BERL MM SHEDS LIGHT ON GAY HISTORY GERMANY
- BERL CY GUI: WORLD-CLASS GAY CULTURE
- RACG TO PRERVE THE HISTORY OF MAE’S 1ST GAY RIGHTS ANIZATN
BERL & GAY LIBERATN LONG BEFORE STONEWALL
Alex Ross on Robert Beachy’s new book, “Gay Berl: Birthplace of a Morn Inty.” * gay history berlin *
The tle of the chapter, “The German Inventn of Homosexualy, ” telegraphs a prcipal argument of the book: although same-sex love is as old as love self, the public disurse around , and the polil movement to w rights for , arose Germany the late neteenth and early twentieth centuri.
10 FACTS ON THE ORIGS OF GAY RIGHTS BERL
Wh CSD and KCSD g up (Jun 27), glter and gaiety will be out on the streets full force, but Berl has always been ahead of the queer curve. Here's a timele of the LGBTQ rights movement gay ol' Berl. * gay history berlin *
Beachy, a historian who teach at Yonsei Universy, Seoul, ends his book by notg that Germans hold gay-pri celebratns each June on what is known as Christopher Street Day, honor of the street where the Stonewall prott unfold. By the begng of the twentieth century, a non of gay lerature had emerged (one early advote ed the phrase “Stayg silent is ath, ” nearly a century before aids activists ed the slogan “Silence = Death”); activists were bemoang negative pictns of homosexualy (Thomas Mann’s “Death Venice” was one target); there were bat over the ethics of outg; and a schism opened between an clive, mastream factn and a more rto, anarchistic wg. The episo suggts the gree to which the German cultural and tellectual tradn, particularly the Romantic age, which stretched om Goethe and Schiller to Schopenher and Wagner, embolned those who me to intify themselv as gay and lbian.
GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
Neteenth century Berl was the birthplace of gay rights. * gay history berlin *
”) Schopenher proceed to expound the dub theory that nature promoted homosexualy olr men as a way of disuragg them om ntug to surprisgly, Karl Herich Ulrichs seized on Schopenher’s cur piece of advocy when he began his mpaign; he quoted the philosopher one of his g-out letters to his relativ.
QUEER & GAY BERL: YOUR GUI FOR LGBTQ+ BERL
The Nazi regime rried out a mpaign agast male homosexualy and persecuted gay men between 1933 and 1945. * gay history berlin *
Magn Hirschfeld, his 1914 book “The Homosexualy of Men and Women, ” noted that the Wagner ftival Bayrth had bee a “favore meetg place” for homosexuals, and quoted a classified ad, om 1894, which a young man had sought a handsome pann for a Tyrolean bicyclg expedn; was signed “Numa 77, general livery, Bayrth. The most revelatory chapter of Beachy’s book ncerns Leopold von Meerscheidt-Hüllsem, a Berl police missner the Wilhelme perd, who, perhaps more than any other figure, enabled “gay Berl” to blossom.
BETWEEN WORLD WARS, GAY CULTURE FLOURISHED IN BERL
Everythg about Berl's LGBTQ+ scene ✓ practil ✓ queer events ✓ LGBTQ+ hotels ✓ gay bars & clubs ► Click here for the Gay Gui for Berl * gay history berlin *
A week later, a grim irony, this enigmatic protector killed himself—not on acunt of his homosexual associatns but bee he was exposed as havg taken brib om a lnaire banker acced of statutory rape. ) Hirschfeld, who was born 1868, a year after Ulrichs’s speech Munich, began his radil activi 1896, publishg a pamphlet tled “Sappho and Socrat, ” which told of the suici of a gay man who felt erced to marriage.
His tert effemacy among homosexual men, his attentn to lbianism, and his fascatn wh cross-drsg among both gay and straight populatns (he ed the word “transvtism”) offend men who believed that their lt for fellow-mal, pecially for younger on, ma them more virile than the rt of the populatn. ” There is no mentn, for example, of the theatre and mic cric Theo Anna Sprüngli, who, 1904, spoke to the Scientific-Humanarian Commtee on the subject of “Homosexualy and the Women’s Movement, ” helpg to gurate a parallel movement of lbian activism. Employg the alias Anna Rülg, Sprüngli proposed that the gay-rights and femist movements “aid each other reciprolly”; the prcipl at stake both stggl, she wrote, were eedom, equaly, and “self-termatn.
GAY LIFE BERL IS STARTG TO ECHO A DARKER ERA
* gay history berlin *
After Sprüngli gave her historic speech—one that may have exacerbated the spl between the “masculist” and the “sexologil” factns of the gay movement, as Beachy lls them—she said nothg more about lbianism. Yet her sudn silence suggts how quickly gas n slip the goln years of the Weimar Republic, which occupy the last chapters of “Gay Berl, ” gays and lbians achieved an almost dizzyg gree of visibily popular culture.
GAY BERL: BIRTHPLACE OF A MORN INTY
The right-wg rurgence Germany rells prewar Berl. It may signal an omo turn for the untry’s gay muny. * gay history berlin *
They uld see themselv onscreen films like “Mädchen Uniform” and “Different om the Others”—a tale of a gay vlist driven to suici, wh Hirschfeld featured the supportg role of a wise sexologist.
Disdaful reprentatns of gay life were not only lamented but also protted; Beachy pots out that when a 1927 Komische Oper revue lled “Strictly Forbidn” mocked gay men as effemate, a monstratn at the theatre prompted the Komische Oper to remove the offendg sk.
The openns of Berl’s gay scene attracted visors om more benighted lands; Christopher Isherwood lived the cy om 1929 to 1933, enjoyg the easy availabily of htlers, who, Beachy’s book, have a somewhat exhstg chapter to the gay muny, the masculist-sexologil spl persisted.
SCHWUL MM (GAY MM)
A talk wh Robert Beachy spans om Gay Berl to Achwz, providg a warng for our tim of the historic power of hate to stroy the power of love. * gay history berlin *
Some of Brand’s associat were flirtg wh Nazism, and not jt a metaphoril sense; one of them later beme the lover of Ernst Röhm, the head of the Brown the First World War, a new figure entered the ay: Friedrich Radszuwe, an entreprenr who tablished a work of gay publitns, cludg the first lbian magaze, Die Frnd.
Röhm never ma a secret of his homosexualy, and Hler chose to overlook ; although the Nazi lear had nounced Hirschfeld and the gay movement as early as 1920, he was too pennt on Röhm’s army of thugs to reject him. The guid tour about Berl’s History of Sex Augmented Realy starts jt like the history of the world’s first LGBTIQ rights movement: wh Karl Herich Ulrichs–a man born long before the emergence of the ia of a homosexual inty.
In the guid tour, people learn how, 1864, Ulrichs published the first of a total of 12 wrgs lled “Forschungen über das Räthsel r mannmännlichen Liebe” (Rearch on the Mystery of Male-Male Love) – a masterpiece of gay history. In the guid tour, people disver why von Meerscheidt-Hüllsem believed would be easier to enforce §175 and ntrol male homosexualy if gay and bisexual men were allowed to have their bars, clubs, and other lotns. 1935: Two years after burng down Hirschfeld’s Instute of Sex Rearch, the Nazis step up their persecutn of homosexuals, expandg Paragraph 175 to clu “lewd acts” and sendg offenrs to ncentratn mps, where they are forced to wear pk triangl.
STANFORD SCHOLAR EXPLOR THE HISTORY OF GAY RIGHTS GERMANY
The Gay Mm Berl sets an example for tolerance and diversy. Changg exhibns provi thentic sights to queer inti. * gay history berlin *
1971: Activist anisatn Homosexuelle Aktn Wt Berl is found outsi Ko Arsenal after a screeng of Rosa von Prnheim’s It Is Not the Homosexual Who Is Perverse, But the Society Which He Liv, markg the begng of a new gay rights movement Germany.
Fally, 1936 SS lear and Chief of the German Police Herich Himmler tablished the Reich Central Office for the Combatg of Homosexualy and Abortn (Reichszentrale zur Bekämpfung r Homosexualät und r Abtreibung). A few years later, May 2008, the Memorial to Homosexuals Persecuted unr Nazism (Denkmal für die im Natnalsozialism verfolgten Homosexuellen) was unveiled nearby Tiergarten park central Berl.
A number of lbian women, cludg Johanna Elberskirchen and Toni Schwabe, take a pro-active stance and fight to bee actively volved the gay movement, argug favour of havg their say Magn Hirschfeld's Scientific-Humanarian Commtee. Magaz for gays and lbians are available at public ksks and the venu: they clu Die Frndschaft (Friendship), the Blätter für Menschenrecht (Magaze for Human Rights), Die Frnd (The Girliends), Frenliebe (Women's Love), and Das drte Gchlecht (The Third Sex) for transvt and transsexuals.
BERL'S GAY NEIGHBOURHOODS
Gay Neighbourhoods Berl ➤ Where the Rabow Flag Fli ✓Gay & Lbian Scene Berl | Click here ➤ More Informatn * gay history berlin *
There are now around 80 venu for gays and lbians Berl: beer-soaked div and distilleri, bourgeois rtrants, we bars and clubho, dance halls and dance palac, ballrooms and smopolan night-time bars. Numero hotels and gut ho, bety and hairdrsg salons, tailors and photo studs, doctors and lawyers private practice, librari, cigarette and shoe shops, and even a r rental pany, a travel agency and a distributor for potency pills advertise gay and lbian magaz. The owners of the all-night bar for lbians, Mai & Igel, are also affected by the forced closur, while the rnival stume balls for gays and lbians held at the In n Zelten amement strip Berl's Tiergarten, which were also hugely popular among heterosexuals, are banned wh immediate effect.
BERL MM SHEDS LIGHT ON GAY HISTORY GERMANY
A jot exhibn by the German Historil Mm and the Schwul Mm Berl documents gay history, polics and culture Germany. * gay history berlin *
Homosexuelle Aktn Wtberl is found Berl 1971, om which the femist awakeng emerg 1975 wh the foundg of the Lbian Aktnszentm – along wh the lbian archive Spnbon as an iative for the disvery, and prervatn, of female love.
In September 2017, a monument to the world's first gay and lbian emancipatn movement, which was iated by the gay and lbian associatn, is unveiled on Magn-Hirschfeld-Ufer, behd the Feral Chancellery.
It is a symbol of the diversy of sexualy and genr, and a metaphor for a nfint, flourishg scene – a landspe that was first nceived of, put to the tt, and ma possible the 1920s – when Berl was a role mol for an ternatnal gay and lbian pal which all queer people uld fd a haven and refuge. On 1 October 2017 – a Sunday – the first gay and lbian upl marry Germany, cludg Volker Beck, a polician for the Green party, who marri his spoe Berl-Krzberg after a long fight to be able to say “I do”.
BERL CY GUI: WORLD-CLASS GAY CULTURE
Berl LGBTQ+ cy gui. The pal of Germany, Berl has an active LGBTQ+ muny and a long and credible history gay rights and culture. * gay history berlin *
It is said that there were more than 100 venu for homosexuals at that time, rangg om the famo Eldorado to the ladi dance hall Zur Manuela through to the large balls anised by var homosexual associatns.
After the supprsn of the entire gay and lbian muny and subculture by the Nazis, wasn’t until 1971 that the homosexual scene revered aga – which is when the gay movement Homosexuelle Aktn Wtberl (Homosexual Actn Wt Berl) was found.
RACG TO PRERVE THE HISTORY OF MAE’S 1ST GAY RIGHTS ANIZATN
Sce 1993, the gay/lbian cy ftival has been celebrated every year – is the largt of s kd worldwi and ensur to this day that Berl is home to the most diverse, vibrant and popular gay/lbian scen Europe.