MDMA ("Ecstasy") abe and high-risk sexual behavrs among 169 gay and bisexual men - PubMed

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Rerd a before the explosn of acid hoe and rooted NYC's gay clubs, 'Memorabilia' is an early prelu to rave culture.

Contents:

THE UNSUNG HISTORY OF CIRCU PARTI, WHERE GAY MEN SEEK SEX AND FREEDOM

* ecstasy gay *

In the 1980s, MDMA beme fashnable as a party dg the nightclub and rave scene and s e grew among llege stunts, "yuppi, " and the gay muny.

The circu—a loose global work of often weekend-long danceathons, where partygoers (almost all gay men) nvene om around the world to bond spirually, socially, sexually and milly—is one of the most unique phenomena to emerge om queer muni over the past few s. Undoubtedly, many younger gay men prefer smaller venu that "bask the bety and openns of queer culture.

" Plenty of olr gay men, too, fd the whole ethos of circu parti — glow sticks, remixed diva anthems, lor them, "body fascism"—to be tired figure out the state of the circu 2017, THUMP spoke wh Mickey Weems, a lecturer at the Universy of Hawai'i Manoa who has extensively studied circu parti (alongsi relig, anthropologil and folklore terts). Weems spoke to their past, prent and potential future, explag what role the circu has played shapg queer and gay culture, and what s evolutn says about the same today.

POLY-CLUB-DG USE AMONG GAY & BISEXUAL MEN: A LONGUDAL ANALYSIS

The gay world is often reprented as some sort of monolhic whole that has the same culture. That is a lie. It is actually broken down to a handful of substrata to which each gay belongs. Here they are. * ecstasy gay *

A gay circu party (Photo via)THUMP: Can you give me a psule history of the circu?

When the Gay Activist Alliance was formed—the first gay rights group, born only six months after Stonewall—they had danc an old firehoe SoHo. And New York, thoands of men began gatherg at Downtown loft spac that began croppg started pourg , wh plac like Flamgo and Twelve Wt, two of the most proment gay male dance spac, full of sweaty men dancg all the same time, Fire Island beme the place for people who uld afford .

A HANDY GUI TO ALL GAY MEN

The term "circu" me om beg the "need to know circu"—not only diss, but "--the-know" plac the gay muny that even clud, 1980, the Sat opened the East Village. One thg the 2002 documentary When Boys Fly [which followed a group of young gay men attendg the Miami Whe Party] got right was showg someone fallg out [passg out om dg e] was sndalo. Then you started seeg the rise of the ter, which pecially affected the gay datg scene.

A handful of proment gay punds saw the parti as a waste of our energy and rourc.

People like Michelangelo Signorile, who wrote about his experience at the Palm Sprgs Whe Party Life Outsi, a book about gay culture at the time, were posg that the parti were crics like Signorile, Larry Kramer and Gabriel Rotello, parti were seen as havens for irrponsible behavr, sex and dgs. Most of the kds of studi look at the areas of gay culture—like the bathhoe scene, club scene, the app scene—bee they're supposed hot spots for HIV fectn and rampant dg the qutn is: do the people dog the studi unrstand our muny at all?

MDMA ("ECSTASY") ABE AND HIGH-RISK SEXUAL BEHAVRS AMONG 169 GAY AND BISEXUAL MEN

Bee what they're "studyg" is jt what go on regular gay that "regular gay life" has e to mean somethg very different 2017. There's no qutn that for gay men, thgs have gotten better.

This generatnal divi between gay Boomers and lennials has to fluence how they perceive circu parti—or even if there's still a need for, as you said, the circu reached a nadir earlier this century, has that cle been nstant, or have they ma a eback?

And if so, what's the motivatn for younger gay men to attend a circu party?

CRYSTAL METHAMPHETAME AND ECSTASY DIFFER RELATN TO UNSAFE SEX AMONG YOUNG GAY MEN

H ave the parti themselv evolved to meet the challenge of a changed landspe for gay/queer culture a post-liberatn world?

" We create a gay space on the dance floor of mastream parti. EDC enurag ongog cricism is that the parti reprent only one small segment of gay men.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* ECSTASY GAY

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What kd of dg uld bee next?</div><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl SplScreenContentHearByle-kvEhqE ejWxsm"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH ivtvgj byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span><a class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM ByleLk-gEnFiw iUEiRd ggMZaT cXqSTL eErqIx byle__name-lk button" href="/ntributors/rachel-rierer">Rachel Rierer</a></span></span></p></div><time data-ttid="ContentHearPublishDate" dateTime="2023-07-13T06:00:00-04:00" class="SplScreenContentHearPublishDate-bMGEVk gvRvVr">July 13, 2023</time><div class="SocialInsWrapper-hKMEXV ffgPVr social-ins social-ins--standard SplScreenContentHearSocialShare-gSVclr kUKgnn"><ul data-ttid="socialInslist" 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class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M20 23.9508L12.5 19.7312L5 23.9508V2.95081H14V3.93211H6V22.1845L12.5 18.5536L19 22.1845V8.83866H20V23.9508Z"></path><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M23 3H20V0H19V3H16V4H19V7H20V4H23V3Z"></path></svg></span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ActnBarButtonText-bYXYuh iUEiRd bkefvo gkccfO">Save this story</span></button></div></div></div><div class="LightboxWrapper-dxsWBV hhylRt"><div class="ArticlePageChunksContent-etcMtP imbgVA"><div data-ttid="ArticlePageChunks" class="ArticlePageChunks-fLyCVG lmuXQm"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bDFJoo"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg">When I was llege, I took MDMA wh a few iends. It was 2002, and we thought of the dg as <a href=">Ecstasy</a>, or Molly, and associated wh rav. We weren’t really rave people, so we piled to a dorm-room bathroom and sat together on the floor. We were blissed out on one another’s pany, eply appreciatg the ol, smooth nature of the wall, when John, the roommate of one of my iends, opened the door. He seemed unfazed to fd starg up at him wh the big pupils you’d expect om an anime character. But somethg about his meanor ma thk that he was upset. When we asked him what was gog on, he told only that he’d been hangg out wh some iends. On an ordary day, we probably wouldn’t have quired further. But we were on MDMA, which has been lled an “empathogen,” bee tensifi feelgs of empathy and nnectn, and we were cur to the pot of phs. Was he sure that everythg was fe? Did he want to tell what had happened?</p><p class="paywall">John closed the toilet lid, sat down, and began to talk. He was a ser mician who played both an orchtra and a rock band; he said that, earlier that day, a iend of his had asked why he bothered wh the band. As he told about , he started to tear up. Her ment, I sensed, had pricked a tenr spot his ia of himself. At the time, I thought of John as a iend but not necsarily a close nfidant—but I was on empathy overdrive, and felt tolerable to see him hurtg. We got to work tryg to help him sort thgs out, remdg him what a talented mician we knew him to be.</p><p class="paywall">John’s dorm-room bathroom didn’t have much mon wh a therapist’s office. Still, I’ve always thought of our enunter as a sort of rmal therapy ssn. Some key elements of therapy were volved: we listened, wh focsed attentn, while John told what was botherg him, and we asked why the remark had hurt so much. When he nfsed his anxieti, we tried to validate and reassure him. In my memory, John left the bathroom feelg better, and so did I; I remember that nversatn as a turng pot our iendship. Strangely, a chemil seemed to facilate this nnectn. If not for MDMA, we might not have been so vted, or have ved John so earntly to open up.</p><p class="paywall">In recent years, growg numbers of scientists have been askg whether MDMA uld bee a regnized, official part of psychotherapy. Rachel Yehuda, who ns a lab at Mount Sai focsed on post-trmatic strs disorr, or P.T.S.D., says that MDMA “produc a substantial change mental state that creas people’s abily to engage wh trmatic material psychotherapy.” Although the dg has been illegal sce the eighti, the F.D.A. nsirs MDMA one ponent of a “breakthrough therapy” for the treatment of P.T.S.D., and uld soon nsir an applitn for s prcriptn e durg therapy ssns. Such a velopment would force to change our ia of the dg. Many people still thk of MDMA as a chemil that mak you feel good when you go out dancg all night long. But what if s greatt power is an abily to spire empathetic nversatns? The meang of MDMA is changg. What kd of a dg is gog to be?</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">MDMA tak s name om s chemil formula: 3,4-methylenedxymethamphetame. In “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">I Feel Love: MDMA and the Qut for Connectn a Fractured World</a>,” a new book on the history and rurgence of the dg, the journalist Rachel Nuwer wr that was first synthized the U.S. 1965, by Alexanr Shulg, a gifted chemist at Dow Chemil. Shulg, who tght at the Universy of California, Berkeley, and nsulted for the Dg Enforcement Admistratn (D.E.A.), was part of a muny of <a href=">psychelic</a> enthiasts who “tend to thk of MDMA as a cherished and rpected medice,” Nuwer wr—“somethg to assist wh transcennce, growth, and healg.” The dg beme popular among therapists of a untercultural bent, who admistered to patients and sometim took themselv. But, as others began to synthize and share , Shulg feared that would bee known as a recreatnal dg and the D.E.A. would crimalize .</p><p class="paywall">MDMA’s reach grew the early eighti, when a former Catholic prit named Michael Clegg troduced to the Dallas club scene. It proved succsful enough there that, one day, he vised Bob McMillen, who had been a major <a href=">marijuana</a> distributor California. He told McMillen that he had been g a dg that was gog to be a big al, and he wanted to sell on the Wt Coast. Clegg even had a name for the molecule: Therapy. After some jolg, McMillen agreed to sample . He put on an album by the New Age stmentalist Dter and sat on his uch, unr a sheet. “I floated off a wonrful phoria,” he later relled. “Then I threw the sheet off, sat up and said, ‘Sold! How much n I get?’ ” But McMillen sisted on a rebrand: Therapy was too rny a name to move any product. He chose the name of the Dter album, and four days he sold five thoand uns of Ecstasy.</p><p class="paywall">MDMA was gag a sort of spl personaly, as a potentially theraptic chemil on the one hand and as pleasure pill form on the other. Shulg hated the name Ecstasy; when Nuwer vised his widow, she lled “penicill for the soul.” On the party scene, however, was beg monplace for clubbers to go to a bartenr and orr “a beer and an Ecstasy,” one of Nuwer’s sourc rells. Users didn’t necsarily know what they were gettg: Ecstasy is often cut wh other dgs, such as fentanyl. In part for this reason, 1985, the D.E.A. named MDMA a Schle 1 ntrolled substance—a classifitn rerved for dgs “wh no currently accepted medil e and a high potential for abe.”</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">In the s that followed, a rearch and advocy anizatn, the Multidisciplary Associatn for Psychelic Studi, or <em class="small">MAPS</em>, tried to make psychelics acceptable and accsible to the public. But not until the two-thoands did studi of MDMA’s theraptic potential start to ga wir tractn. In a Phase 2 clil trial started 2004, a hundred and seven people wh a P.T.S.D. diagnosis received several weeks of talk therapy; durg two of the ssns, about a month apart, participants received eher MDMA or a placebo. When the study nclud, fifty-six per cent of those given MDMA and therapy no longer met the diagnostic creria for the disorr, more than twice as many as those the placebo group. One downsi of such studi is their small size; another is that they do not tt MDMA whout therapy, makg difficult to disentangle the impacts of the dg om the ssns.</p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">Nuwer argu that the effort to rentextualize MDMA as a treatment for trma is both “the latt stallment a long history of hype that’s surround this unique molecule” and a return to the dg’s roots. “The pendulum is swgg back to where MDMA began,” she wr. Recently, an Atralian law ma MDMA and <a href=">psilocyb</a>, the pound psychelic mhrooms, available by prcriptn; an Atralian btech pany raised $2.5 ln to velop a program for psychiatrists to provi MDMA durg therapy. In 2021, a psychiatrist associated wh <em class="small">MAPS</em>, Michael Mhoefer, published a Phase 3 trial—the first late-stage clil trial volvg MDMA—wh promisg rults for patients wh severe P.T.S.D. Now that Mhoefer and his lleagu have pleted an addnal Phase 3 trial, his team plans to subm an applitn for prcriptn e to the F.D.A. Nuwer wr that some psychiatrists are skeptil about whether the dg is ready for “wispread clil e,” but many <a href=">experts</a> thk that uld be approved as soon as this year.</p><p class="paywall">We’re ed to thkg of psychiatric meditns as workg separately om therapy, wh the former makg physlogil chang to bra chemistry and the latter helpg patients unrstand their emotns, adjt their thkg patterns, or change behavr. But MDMA don’t f that mol of psychiatric meditn; ’s fundamentally different om the dgs that currently treat prsn or anxiety. No one is suggtg that patients take MDMA every day, like Wellbutr, or as need to bat acute distrs, like Xanax. Instead, MDMA is a dg that one might take batn wh therapy, durg ssns—ls a treatment than a treatment enhancer.</p><p class="paywall">The exact mechanisms through which MDMA works are not well unrstood. Durg the last four s, most rearch on the dg has focsed on whether damag the bra; studi are ongog, and Nuwer’s expert sourc are nvced that don’t—although, she wr, is clear that “high, repeated dos n flict major chang” on the seroton systems of lab animals. One of Nuwer’s important ntributns is dissectg two serly flawed studi of MDMA that have been rrected the scientific lerature but have nohels shaped public opn. In one, rearchers mistakenly admistered methamphetame to subjects, yet reported the rults as g om MDMA.</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">Gül Dölen, a rearcher at Johns Hopks, has found that MDMA and other psychelics reopen what nroscientists <a href=">ll</a> a “cril perd” the bra—wdows of time, mostly occurrg durg childhood and puberty, durg which nral nnectns n change and reanize. It’s unknown whether this has anythg to do wh the feelgs of empathy and social nnectn associated wh the dg. Dölen pots out that dividuals receivg MDMA-assisted therapy need to be treated wh particular re, not jt durg their ssns but afterward; even after the dg’s acute effects have worn off, patients will “ntue to exhib heightened sensivy, malleabily and vulnerabily durg the open state.” (One woman who had participated a <em class="small">MAPS</em>-sponsored trial, Canada, ntued treatment wh two therapists who had nducted the trial; she later acced one of them of sexual asslt durg ssns. He claimed legal filgs that the relatnship was nsensual; <em class="small">MAPS</em> cut ti wh both therapists.)</p><p class="paywall">If the F.D.A. approv MDMA for e durg therapy, this will reprent an unprecented velopment both for psychelic dgs and for therapy. A substance that has long been associated wh parti uld be mastreamed and medilized; many more people might try a new tegory of mental-health re, which uld e wh new kds of risks. There uld e a day when MDMA is associated ls wh feelg good than wh tryg to get better. As patients Mhoefer’s studi have told him, “I don’t know why they ll this Ecstasy.”</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">In the late neteen-neti, a psychiatrist named Charl Grob published a study showg that MDMA uld be safely admistered a medil settg. His rearchers admistered the dg at a hospal to volunteers who, per the F.D.A.’s requirements, had prr experience takg . The only person who had a problem wh the tts, he reported, was the head nurse. She was annoyed that her nurs were neglectg their duti, stead choosg to spend time wh the study participants. “The subjects were so empathetic and terted the liv of the nurs,” Grob wrote, that the nurs gravated to them, eager to talk. One of the peculiari of MDMA is that turns s ers to listeners. Back llege, durg our “ssn” wh John, was our MDMA-heightened empathy that helped the nversatn along. John didn’t need to take dgs to benef om s effects; he jt walked to the room.</p><p class="paywall">Nuwer wr that, when she tried MDMA for the first time, at a warehoe party Brooklyn, she was worried that the dg would e her to “spontaneoly start makg out wh everyone.” But the sexs associated wh MDMA might not be one of s trsic properti; stead, the dg might work more broadly to epen our tert others. Therapy is a social pursu: a good therapist provis not jt sight and tools but a relatnship which ’s possible to change. When someone tak MDMA the prence of a therapist, they might feel more supported and secure this bond, and more able to dredge up paful feelgs or hard memori whout beg overwhelmed by fear or shame. When I took , I felt my bond wh John a ltle more powerfully.</p><p class="paywall">It uld be that MDMA simply tensifi somethg that’s already prent succsful therapy. Therapy helps, part, bee human nnectn is good for . It matters when someone listens to you, and when you listen. Recently, I reached out to John to ask him how he relled our enunter the dorm bathroom. On the phone, our old rapport quickly reëstablished self; the longer we talked, the better I felt. When I asked about that day, he lghed and told me that he remembered our nversatn as a soothg one. But he never spected that we were on MDMA. “You guys were my iends,” he relled. “I knew you were empathetic people.” That had been enough. ♦</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 PaywallInleBarrierWhWrapperGrid-fyrGfS jyGBoi"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="body body__le-barrier article__body article__body--grid-margs"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"><asi class="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper-iBnuqk lfXXa-D" data-ttid="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper"><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--paywall-le-barrier" role="prentatn" aria-live="pole" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--paywall-le-barrier"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></asi></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 ContentWrapperGrid-fvkmBv jfHKjr"><div 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class="ContributorBContent-ubQdr jZTSSi"><div class="ContributorBHear-ledood XOIEx"></div><div class="ContributorBB-fBolsO giFhKz"><a href="/ntributors/rachel-rierer">Rachel Rierer</a> is a member of The New Yorker’s edorial staff.</div><div class="ContributorBFooter-brqDlv ezUmSv"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div data-ttid="TagCloudWrapper" class="TagCloudWrapper-gGgndx ctyZyK ContentFooterTagCloud-krQmRG ZLGh"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudSectnHear-cOforY iUEiRd bPyAoD kQQRmu">More:</span><a href="/tag/dgs" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM TagCloudLk-kvjZFu iUEiRd ggMZaT gFob hIhJOI"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TagCloudName-eAUnLd iUEiRd gwIVBQ bUkXwu">Dgs</span></a><a href="/tag/ecstasy" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM 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summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Therapy Issue" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Science</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Therapy Issue</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Therapy Issue" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">The talkg cure and other pursus of feelg better.</div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="What We Still Don’t Unrstand About Postpartum Psychosis" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Annals of Medice</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">What We Still Don’t Unrstand About Postpartum Psychosis</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="What We Still Don’t Unrstand About Postpartum Psychosis" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">The recent tragedy surroundg Ldsay Clancy and her children unrsr popular misnceptns about a grave and myster disorr.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Jsi Wter</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Unr Review</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Upper Wt Si Cult That Hid Pla Sight" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">In the sixti and seventi, the Sullivanian Instute had a wng sal pch for young New Yorkers: parti, sex, low rent, and affordable therapy.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Jsi Wter</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff ewgXAt summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Elon Mk’s Shadow Rule" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl bcywvc summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">A Reporter at Large</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Elon Mk’s Shadow Rule</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Elon Mk’s Shadow Rule" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">How the U.S. ernment me to rely on the tech billnaire—and is now stgglg to re him .</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi cuRXdL summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span 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