Gay marriage legal Illois - POLITICO

Contents:

• THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN ILLOIS: A HISTORY
• GAY RIGHTS
• FEW PEOPLE KNOW AMERI’S FIRST GAY RIGHTS ORGANIZATN WAS RUN OUT OF THE HENRY GERBER HOE IN ILLOIS
• ILLOIS GAY MARRIAGE BE LAW AS PROMPTS HOPE, NCERN

THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN ILLOIS: A HISTORY

In 1924, German immigrant Henry Gerber found the Society for Human Rights, which served a goal to teach others about the gay muny and attemptg to change laws that ma homosexualy illegal. The anizatn only lasted a short time before thori shut down, but gay and lbian Chigoans were visible the 1920s and enjoyed acceptance among the artists, poets and bohemians of Towertown, an area of the Near North Si jt wt of the Magnificent Mile. Lectur and discsns on homosexualy were found on the agenda salons and speakeasi, and female impersonator shows were popular, the Encyclopedia of Chigo tells .

Around the same time on the Near South Si, a substantial Ain-Amerin gay and lbian muny also formed, equentg the barets Bronzeville, acrdg to the encyclopedia. By the send half of the 20th century, gay muni were tablished on the Near North Si, Old Town, Hy Park, and a part of the Lakeview neighborhood centered at Clark Street, Diversey Parkway and Broadway known as New Town. As the gay and lbian populatn grew number, so did the equency of police raids on gay bars, which rulted arrts for beg "mat of disorrly ho, " or breakg a law agast cross-drsg, acrdg to the Encyclopedia of Chigo.

GAY RIGHTS

The Mattache Midwt Society was one such anizatn, which helped wh the fense of those arrted the raids and set up a 24-hour hotle for gays and lbians, acrdg to the encyclopedia. In 1970, another anizatn, Universy of Chigo-based Chigo Gay Liberatn, challenged laws forbiddg on same-sex dancg by anizg a dance at the Colism, the stadium formerly at 16th Street and Wabash Avenue, the Wdy Cy Tim reported.

Mayor Jane Byrne beme the first Chigo mayor officially to regnize the GLBT muny, and her succsor, Mayor Harold Washgton, was the first mayor to headle a gay rights rally and began the cy's first Commtee on Gay and Lbian Issu. Bernard Hansen, then of the 44th Ward, said a bill makg illegal to discrimate agast gays and lbians, as well as Ain-Amerins, Latos, people wh disabili and ex-nvicts was necsary to ensure jtice for all. The Moody Church also fought the ordance, sayg "puts homosexual behavr on par wh heterosexual behavr, " acrdg to the book Rogu, Rebels and Rubber Stamps by polil scientist Dick Simpson.

FEW PEOPLE KNOW AMERI’S FIRST GAY RIGHTS ORGANIZATN WAS RUN OUT OF THE HENRY GERBER HOE IN ILLOIS

"It's a great honor for me to be here, so 's not jt a polil exprsn – also 's a personal exprsn, alg wh the gay and lbian muny; what they have given to the Cy of Chigo, " Mayor Daley said at the 1989 para. Gay rights activists faced a far greater challenge gettg a statewi law approved forbiddg discrimatn based on sexual orientatn, but January 2005, they succeed when an amendment to the Illois Human Rights Act was approved.

ILLOIS GAY MARRIAGE BE LAW AS PROMPTS HOPE, NCERN

Opponents of the state law, notably cludg former Illois Fay Instute executive director Peter LaBarbera, charged that the statewi law curtailed the First Amendment rights of any person or church that was agast homosexualy. "The arguments this time around were not the arguments we had the '80s and '90s, when people would talk about (generally speakg) the moraly of homosexualy, etc. The Early Gay Rights Movement In 1924, Henry Gerber, a German immigrant, found Chigo the Society for Human Rights, the first documented gay rights anizatn the Uned Stat.

Army service World War I, Gerber was spired to create his anizatn by the Scientific-Humanarian Commtee, a “homosexual emancipatn” group ’s small group published a few issu of s newsletter “Friendship and Freedom, ” the untry’s first gay-tert newsletter. Ernment signated Gerber’s Chigo hoe a Natnal Historic Pk TriangleCorbis/Getty ImagHomosexual prisoners at the ncentratn mp at Sachsenhsen, Germany, wearg pk triangl on their uniforms on December 19, gay rights movement stagnated for the next few s, though LGBT dividuals around the world did e to the spotlight a few example, English poet and thor Radclyffe Hall stirred up ntroversy 1928 when she published her lbian-themed novel, The Well of Lonels.

Addnally, 1948, his book Sexual Behavr the Human Male, Aled Ksey proposed that male sexual orientatn li on a ntuum between exclively homosexual to exclively Homophile Years In 1950, Harry Hay found the Mattache Foundatn, one of the natn’s first gay rights group. ”Though started off small, the foundatn, which sought to improve the liv of gay men through discsn groups and related activi, expand after foundg member Dale Jenngs was arrted 1952 for solicatn and then later set ee due to a adlocked the end of the year, Jenngs formed another anizatn lled One, Inc., which weled women and published ONE, the untry’s first pro-gay magaze.

Post Office, which 1954 clared the magaze “obscene” and refed to liver Mattache Society Mattache Foundatn members rtctured the anizatn to form the Mattache Society, which had lol chapters other parts of the untry and 1955 began publishg the untry’s send gay publitn, The Mattache Review. That same year, four lbian upl San Francis found an anizatn lled the Dghters of Bilis, which soon began publishg a newsletter lled The Ladr, the first lbian publitn of any early years of the movement also faced some notable setbacks: the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn listed homosexualy as a form of mental disorr followg year, Print Dwight D.

In 1961, Illois beme the first state to do away wh s anti-sodomy laws, effectively crimalizg homosexualy, and a lol TV statn California aired the first documentary about homosexualy, lled The 1965, Dr. ”In fear of beg shut down by thori, bartenrs would ny drks to patrons spected of beg gay or kick them out altogether; others would serve them drks but force them to s facg away om other ctomers to prevent them om 1966, members of the Mattache Society New York Cy staged a “sip-”—a twist on the “s-” protts of the 1960s— which they vised taverns, clared themselv gay, and waed to be turned away so they uld sue. They were nied service at the Greenwich Village tavern Juli, rultg much publicy and the quick reversal of the anti-gay liquor Stonewall Inn A few years later, 1969, a now-famo event talyzed the gay rights movement: The Stonewall clanste gay club Stonewall Inn was an stutn Greenwich Village bee was large, cheap, allowed dancg and weled drag queens and homels the early hours of June 28, 1969, New York Cy police raid the Stonewall Inn.

As -founr of the Gay Liberatn Front, Rivera was known for participatg the Stonewall Rts and tablishg the polil anizatn STAR (Street Transvte Actn Revolutnari). After the Stonewall Rts, a msage was pated on the outsi of the board-up bar readg, "We homosexuals plead wh out people to please help mata peaceful and quiet nduct on the streets of the village. " This sign was wrten by the Mattache Society–an early anizatn dited to fightg for gay reportg the events, The New York Daily News rorted to homophobic slurs s tailed verage, nng the headle: “Homo Nt Raid, Queen Be Are Stgg Mad.

”Over the next several nights, gay activists ntued to gather near the Stonewall, takg advantage of the moment to spread rmatn and build the muny that would fuel the growth of the gay rights movement. They are pictured here marchg Tim Square,, Sylvia Ray Rivera (ont) and Arthur Bell are seen at a gay liberatn monstratn, New York Universy, 1970 Marsha P. Johnson is seen at a Gay Liberatn Front monstratn at Cy Hall New York, a large crowd memorat the 2nd anniversary of the Stonewall rts Greenwich Village of New York Cy 1971.

1 / 12: NY Daily News Archive/Getty ImagChristopher Street Liberatn Day Shortly after the Stonewall uprisg, members of the Mattache Society spl off to form the Gay Liberatn Front, a radil group that lnched public monstratns, protts and nontatns wh polil officials. Siar groups followed, cludg the Gay Activists Alliance, Radilbians, and Street Transvt Actn Revolutnari (STAR) 1970, at the one-year anniversary of the Stonewall Rts, New York Cy muny members marched through lol streets memoratn of the event. Activists also turned the once-disreputable Pk Triangle to a symbol of gay Polil Victori The creased visibily and activism of LGBTQ dividuals the 1970s helped the movement make progrs on multiple onts.

Addnally, several openly LGBTQ dividuals secured public office posns: Kathy Kozachenko won a seat to the Ann Harbor, Michigan, Cy Council 1974, beg the first out Amerin to be elected to public Milk, who mpaigned on a pro-gay rights platform, beme the San Francis cy supervisor 1978, beg the first openly gay man elected to a polil office asked Gilbert Baker, an artist and gay rights activist, to create an emblem that reprents the movement and would be seen as a symbol of pri. Baker signed and stched together the first rabow flag, which he unveiled at a pri para followg year, 1979, more than 100, 000 people took part the first Natnal March on Washgton for Lbian and Gay Rights.