The Long, Sordid History of the Gay Conspiracy Theory

was kaiser wilhelm gay

Today’s right-wg mpaign agast “groomers” is Ameri’s latt moral panic. Gog back to the early 20th century, gays were often at the center of nspiracy theori to unrme the ernment.

Contents:

SNDALS: WILHELM'S GAY IENDS SHOOK THE EMPIRE

Alex Ross on Robert Beachy’s new book, “Gay Berl: Birthplace of a Morn Inty.” * was kaiser wilhelm gay *

” The kaiser had already been hurt polilly 1907 by the Eulenburg-Harn affair, which members of his circle of iends were acced of beg homosexuals. Although there is no evince that Wilhelm was gay– addn to his seven children wh his first wife, he was mored to have several illegimate offsprg–the sndal was ed by his polil opponents to weaken his fluence. Still, he had an effect: a few liberal-md lleagu accepted his notn of an nate gay inty, and a Bavarian official privately nfsed to siar yearngs.

”The first chapter of Robert Beachy’s “Gay Berl: Birthplace of a Morn Inty” (Knopf) begs wh an acunt of Ulrichs’s dac act. The tle of the chapter, “The German Inventn of Homosexualy, ” telegraphs a prcipal argument of the book: although same-sex love is as old as love self, the public disurse around , and the polil movement to w rights for , arose Germany the late neteenth and early twentieth centuri.

WAS KAISER WILHELM II OF GERMANY GAY?

Homosexualy was lobbed as an sult durg the war while gay people hid , but sometim would "hi pla sight." * was kaiser wilhelm gay *

This msage may surprise those who believe that gay inty me of age London and New York, sometime between the Osr Wil trials and the Stonewall rts.

THE LONG, SORDID HISTORY OF THE GAY CONSPIRACY THEORY

The btal reprsn of gay people durg the Nazi perd largely erased German gay history om ternatnal nscns, and even om German memory. Beachy, a historian who teach at Yonsei Universy, Seoul, ends his book by notg that Germans hold gay-pri celebratns each June on what is known as Christopher Street Day, honor of the street where the Stonewall prott unfold. Gayns is st as an Amerin import.

Ulrichs, sentially the first gay activist, enuntered censorship and end up gog to exile, but his ias very gradually took hold. In 1869, an Atrian ltératr named Karl Maria Kertbeny, who was also opposed to sodomy laws, ed the term “homosexualy.

” In the eighteen-eighti, a Berl police missner gave up prosecutg gay bars and stead stuted a policy of bemed tolerance, gog so far as to lead tours of a growg mimon. In 1896, Der Eigene (“The Self-Owng”), the first gay magaze, began publitn.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* WAS KAISER WILHELM GAY

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kGxnNB rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO KhjZz AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset rponsive-image rponsive-image--expandable"><noscript><img alt="Image may nta Milary Milary Uniform Officer Human Person Clothg Hat Apparel and Capta" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w, 1920w, 2240w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn AssetEmbedCaptn-fNQBPI fmQnYP asset-embed__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">Durg Kaiser Wilhelm II’s reign, the upper echelons of the German ernment began to unravel to a ee-for-all, wh officials wranglg agast one another.</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Hulton-Dtsch Collectn / Corbis via Getty</span></div></figure></div><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg">One of the few thgs that Kaiser Wilhelm II, who led Germany om 1888 to 1918, had a talent for was g outrage. A particular specialty was sultg other monarchs. He lled the dimutive Kg Victor Emmanuel III of Italy “the dwarf” ont of the kg’s own entourage. He lled Prce (later Tsar) Ferdand, of Bulgaria, “Fernando naso,” on acunt of his beaky nose, and spread mors that he was a hermaphrode. Sce Wilhelm was notably discreet, people always knew what he was sayg behd their backs. Ferdand had his revenge. After a vis to Germany, 1909, durg which the Kaiser slapped him on the bottom public and then refed to apologize, Ferdand award a valuable arms ntract that had been promised to the Germans to a French pany stead.</p><p class="paywall">Not that this terred the Kaiser. One of the many thgs that Wilhelm was nvced he was brilliant at, spe all evince to the ntrary, was “personal diplomacy,” fixg foreign policy through one-on-one meetgs wh other European monarchs and statmen. In fact, Wilhelm uld do neher the personal nor the diplomacy, and the meetgs rarely went well. The Kaiser viewed other people stmental terms, was a pulsive liar, and seemed to have a limed unrstandg of e and effect. In 1890, he let lapse a long-standg fensive agreement wh Rsia—the German Empire’s vast and sometim threateng eastern neighbor. He judged, wrongly, that Rsia was so sperate for German good will that he uld keep danglg. Instead, Rsia immediately ma an alliance wh Germany’s wtern neighbor and enemy, France. Wilhelm cid he would charm and manipulate Tsar Nicholas II (a “nny” and a “whimperer,” acrdg to Wilhelm, f only “to grow turnips”) to abandong the alliance. In 1897, Nicholas told Wilhelm to get lost; the German-Rsian alliance whered.</p><p class="paywall">About a ago, I published “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Gee, Nicholas and Wilhelm: Three Royal Cos and the Road to World War I</a>,” a book that was, part, about Kaiser Wilhelm, who is probably bt known for beg Queen Victoria’s first grandchild and for leadg Germany to the First World War. Ever sce <a href=">Donald Tmp</a> started mpaigng for Print, the Kaiser has once aga been on my md—his personal failgs, and the global fallout they led to.</p><p class="paywall">Tmp’s tweets were what first remd me of the Kaiser. Wilhelm was a pulsive speechmaker who nstantly strayed off script. Even his staff uldn’t stop him, though tried, distributg pi of speech to the German prs before he’d actually given them. Unfortunately, the Atrian prs prted the speech as they were livered, and the gaff and sults soon circulated around Europe. “There is only one person who is master this empire and I am not gog to tolerate any other,” Wilhelm liked to say, even though Germany had a mocratic assembly and polil parti. (“I’m the only one that matters,” Tmp has said.) The Kaiser rerved particular abe for polil parti that voted agast his polici. “I regard every Social Democrat as an enemy of the Fatherland,” he said, and he nounced the German Socialist party as a “gang of traors.” Augt Bebel, the Socialist party lear, said that every time the Kaiser opened his mouth, the party gaed another hundred thoand vot.</p><p class="paywall">When Wilhelm beme emperor, 1888, at twenty-ne years old, he was termed to be seen as tough and powerful. He fetishized the Army, surround himself wh generals (though, like Tmp, he didn’t like listeng to them), owned a hundred and twenty ary uniforms, and wore ltle else. He cultivated a special severe facial exprsn for public ocsns and photographs—there are many, as Wilhelm would send out signed photos and portra bts to anyone who’d have one—and also a heavily waxed, upward-turned motache that was so famo had s own name, “<em>Er ist Erreicht!</em>” (It is acplished!)</p><p class="paywall">In fact, Wilhelm didn’t acplish very much. The general staff of the German Army agreed that the Kaiser uldn’t “lead three soldiers over a gutter.” He had neher the attentn span nor the abily. “Distractns, whether they are ltle gam wh his army or navy, travellg or huntg—are everythg to him,” a disillned former mentor wrote. “He reads very ltle apart om newspaper cuttgs, hardly wr anythg himself apart om margalia on reports and nsirs those talks bt which are quickly over and done wh.” The Kaiser’s entourage piled prs cuttgs for him, mostly about himself, which he read as obssively as Tmp watch televisn. A cril story would send him to paroxysms of fury.</p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">Durg Wilhelm’s reign, the upper echelons of the German ernment began to unravel to a ee-for-all, wh officials wranglg agast one another. “The most ntradictory opns are now urged at high and all-hight level,” a German diplomat lamented. To add to the nfn, Wilhelm changed his posn every five mut. He was eply suggtible and would fer to the last person he’d spoken to or cuttg he’d read—at least until he’d spoken to the next person. “It is unendurable,” a foreign mister wrote, 1894. “Today one thg and tomorrow the next and after a few days somethg pletely different.” Wilhelm’s staff and misters rorted to manipulatn, distractn, and flattery to manage him. “In orr to get him to accept an ia you mt act as if the ia were his,” the Kaiser’s clost iend, Philipp zu Eulenburg, advised his lleagu, addg, “Don’t fet the sugar.” (In “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Fire and Fury</a>,” Michael Wolff wr that to get Tmp to take an actn his Whe Hoe staff has to persua him that “he had thought of himself.”)</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">More sisterly, Wilhelm’s patronage of the aggrsive, natnalistic right left him surround by misters who held a llective nvictn that a European war was evable and even sirable. Aled von Tirpz, Germany’s Naval chief—who realized at his first meetg wh the Kaiser that he did “not live the real world”—nscly exploed Wilhelm’s envy and rage orr to extract the astronomil sums required to build a German Navy to rival Bra’s, a project that created an arms race and beme an tractable block to peace negotiatns.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">The Kaiser was sceptible but never tly ntrollable. He asserted his thory unpredictably, as if to prove he was still charge, stagg rogue terventns to his own advisers’ polici and sackg misters whout warng. “You nnot have the fatt ia what I have prevented,” his most obsequ ai, Bernhard von Bülow, plaed to a iend, “and how much of my time I mt vote to rtorg orr where our All Hight Master has created chaos.”</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">The Kaiser’s darkt secret was that every few years—after his meddlg and blunrs had exposed his petence or rulted a crisis—he would suffer a full-blown llapse. His entourage would scrape him off the floor, and he would retire to one of his palac, where, prostrate, he would weep and pla that he’d been victimized. After the moang me the pacg, uncharacteristic silence. Ocsnally he would give way to tears. Gradually he would relibrate his sense of realy—or unrealy—and after a few weeks would bounce up aga, as boistero and obstrepero as ever.</p><p class="paywall">I spent six years wrg my book about Wilhelm and his s, Kg Gee V, of England, and Tsar Nicholas II, and the Kaiser’s egotism and eccentricy ma him by far the most entertag of the three to wre about. After a while, though, livg wh Wilhelm—as you do when you wre about another person over a long perd—beme onero. It was dispirg, even opprsive, to spend so much time around someone who never learned, and never changed.</p><p class="paywall">The Kaiser wasn’t sgly rponsible for the First World War, but his actns and choic helped to brg on. If ternatnal nflict is around the rner, would seem that you really don’t want a narcissist ntrol of a global power. Wilhelm’s touchs, his unpredictabily, his need to be acknowledged: the thgs stck a chord wh elements Germany, which was a kd of adolcent spasm—quick to perceive slights, exced by the ia of flexg s mcl, filled wh a sense of entlement. At the same time, Wilhelm’s posturg raised tensns Europe. His clumsy personal diplomacy created spicn. His alliance wh the vrlic right and his slavish admiratn for the Army ched the untry closer and closer to war. Once the war was actually upon him, the ernment and ary effectively swept the Kaiser asi. And the gravt damage occurred only after Wilhelm abdited, November of 1918. (He spent the rt of his life—he survived until 1941— central Holland.) The feated Germany sank to years of prsn, rentments sharpened, the toxic lie that Germany had been “robbed” of s rightful victory the war took hold. The rt, as they say, is history.</p><p class="paywall">I’m not suggtg that Tmp is about to start the Third World War. But recent foreign velopments—the wild swgs wh North Korea, the dchg of the Iran nuclear al, the threat of a tra war wh Cha—suggt upheavals that uld quickly grow out of Amerin ntrol. Some of Tmp’s crics suppose that the latg cris might e him to loosen, or even lose, his grip on the Princy. The real lson of Kaiser Wilhelm II, however, may be that Tmp’s leavg office might not be the end of the problems he may brg on or exacerbate— may be only the begng.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><asi class="PersistentAsiWrapper-VGrR daRVRt persistent-asi" style="posn:absolute;top:to;height:to" data-ttid="PersistentAsiWrapper"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box ArticlePageSplAdRail-OyjwD jikppc"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="ArticlePageSplAdRailContent-jsltpq iZDmmY spl-ad-rail-ntent"><div class="ArticlePageSplAdRailTop-jUrrVY jzzFg"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="b1lhej"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" 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cQLtaa">got to Harvard</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>A thief who <a href="/magaze/2004/05/17/the-silver-thief" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">stole only silver</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>The light of the <a href="/tech/annals-of-technology/the-first-light-of-the-try-atomic-tt" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">world’s first nuclear bomb</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>How Steve Mart <a href="/magaze/2007/10/29/-the-bird-ge" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">learned what’s funny</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Growg up as the <a href="/magaze/1998/11/16/the-ln-and-me" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">son of the Cowardly 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class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ldWYvC summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">The Polil Scene</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href="/magaze/2018/05/28/will-the-fervor-for-impeachment-start-a-mocratic-civil-war" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Will the Fervor to Impeach Donald Tmp Start a Democratic Civil War?</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href="/magaze/2018/05/28/will-the-fervor-for-impeachment-start-a-mocratic-civil-war" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Will the Fervor to Impeach Donald Tmp Start a Democratic Civil War?" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">A ph to remove the Print om office may lead to disaster the midterms.</div><div 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summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm fvDIAb" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Mobster Cosplay of Donald Tmp" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ldWYvC summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Daily Comment</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Mobster Cosplay of Donald Tmp</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" 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