Gay Marriage and the Social Constctn of Social “Problems” - Soclogil Imag

Contents:

• PART 5. GAY MARRIAGE: THE ARGUMENTS PEOPLE HEAR ABOUT A MAJOR SOCIAL ISSUE
• GAY MARRIAGE AND SOCIAL ISSU
• GAY MARRIAGE: THEOLOGIL AND MORAL ARGUMENTS
• GAY RIGHTS
• TEN REASONS TO SUPPORT GAY MARRIAGE
• SOCIAL ISSU POLICS – GAY MARRIAGE

PART 5. GAY MARRIAGE: THE ARGUMENTS PEOPLE HEAR ABOUT A MAJOR SOCIAL ISSUE

The vast majory of scientific studi that have directly pared lbian and gay parents wh heterosexual parents have nsistently shown that the same-sex upl are as f and pable parents as heterosexual upl, and that their children are jt as psychologilly healthy and well adjted. Soclogist Steven Nock of the Universy of Virgia, who is agnostic on the issue of same-sex civil marriage, offered this review of the lerature on gay parentg as an expert wns for a Canadian urt nsirg legalizatn of same-sex civil marriage:. In the first edn of his book fense of same-sex marriage, Virtually Normal, homosexual mentator Andrew Sullivan wrote: "There is more likely to be greater unrstandg of the need for extramaral outlets between two men than between a man and a woman.

GAY MARRIAGE AND SOCIAL ISSU

It is plsible to spect that legal regnn of homosexual civil marriage would have siar nsequenc for the stutn of marriage; that is, would further stabilize the norm that adults should sacrifice to get and stay married for the sake of their children. Early Years: Same-Sex Marriage Bans In 1970, jt one year after the historic Stonewall Rts that galvanized the gay rights movement, law stunt Richard Baker and librarian Jam McConnell applied for a marriage license Mnota.Clerk Gerald Nelson rejected their applitn bee they were a same-sex uple, and a trial urt upheld his cisn.

Supreme Court 1972 cled to hear the se “for want of a substantial feral qutn.” This lg effectively blocked feral urts om lg on same-sex marriage for s, leavg the cisn solely the hands of stat, which alt blow after blow to those hopg to see gay marriage beg legal.In 1973, for stance, Maryland beme the first state to create a law that explicly f marriage as a unn between a man and woman, a belief held by many nservative relig groups. Though the gay rights movement saw some advancements the 1970s and 1980s—such as Harvey Milk beg the first openly gay man elected to public office the untry 1977—the fight for gay marriage ma ltle headway for many years.Marriage Equaly: Turng the Ti In the late 1980s and early 1990s, same-sex upl saw the first signs of hope on the marriage ont a long time.

In 1989, the San Francis Board of Supervisors passed an ordance that allowed homosexual upl and unmarried heterosexual upl to register for domtic partnerships, which granted hospal visatn rights and other benefs.Three years later, the District of Columbia siarly passed a new law that allowed same-sex upl to register as domtic partners. Ernment.Then, 1993, the hight urt Hawaii led that a ban on same-sex marriage may vlate that state nstutn’s Equal Protectn Clse—the first time a state urt has ever ched toward makg gay marriage legal.The Hawaii Supreme Court sent the se—brought by a gay male uple and two lbian upl who were nied marriage licens 1990—back for further review to the lower First Circu Court, which 1991 origally dismissed the su.As the state tried to prove that there was “pellg state tert” jtifyg the ban, the se would be tied up ligatn for the next three years.The Defense of Marriage Act Opponents of gay marriage, however, did not s on their hnch. Congrs 1996 passed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which Print Bill Clton signed to law.DOMA didn’t ban gay marriage outright but specified that only heterosexual upl uld be granted feral marriage benefs.

GAY MARRIAGE: THEOLOGIL AND MORAL ARGUMENTS

That is, even if a state ma gay marriage legal, same-sex upl still wouldn’t be able to file e tax jotly, sponsor spo for immigratn benefs or receive spoal Social Secury payments, among many other thgs.The act was a huge setback for the marriage equaly movement, but transient good news arose three months later: Hawaii Judge Kev S.

GAY RIGHTS

In 1998, voters approved a nstutnal amendment banng same-sex marriage the state.Phg for Change: Civil Unns The next saw a whirlwd of activy on the gay marriage ont, begng wh the year 2000 when Vermont beme the first state to legalize civil unns, a legal stat that provis most of the state-level benefs of marriage.Three years later, Massachetts beme the first state to legalize gay marriage when the Massachetts Supreme Court led that same-sex upl had the right to marry Goodridge v. Bh—that would outlaw gay marriage across the untry.2004 was notable for upl many other stat as well, though for the oppose reason: Ten typilly nservative stat, along wh Oregon, enacted state-level bans on gay marriage. Kansas and Texas were next 2005, and 2006 saw seven more stat passg Constutnal amendments agast gay marriage.But towards the end of the , gay marriage beme legal var stat, cludg Connecticut, Iowa, Vermont (the first state to approve by legislative means) and New Hampshire.Domtic Partnerships Throughout the and the begng of the next, California equently ma headl for seawg on the gay marriage issue.The state was the first to pass a domtic partnership statute 1999, and legislators tried to pass a same-sex marriage bill 2005 and 2007.

For the first time the untry’s history, voters (rather than judg or legislators) Mae, Maryland, and Washgton approved Constutnal amendments permtg same-sex marriage 2012.Same-sex marriage also beme a feral issue aga.In 2010, Massachetts, the first state to legalize gay marriage, found Sectn 3 of DOMA—the part of the 1996 law that fed marriage as a unn between one man and one woman—to be unnstutnal. Wdsor, nservative Jtice Anthony Kennedy sid wh Jtic Ruth Bar Gsburg, Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan favor of same-sex marriage rights, ultimately makg gay marriage legal across the natn June 2015.By this time, was still outlawed only 13 stat, and more than 20 other untri had already legalized gay marriage, startg wh the Netherlands December 2000. Examg the extent to which rponnts had greater exposure to the arguments supportg their viewpot, we fd some evince that people have been exposed to more arguments support of their posn on gay marriage than arguments challengg their posn.

It had no effect on exposure to argument supportg gay marriage, and rponnts on both sis wh broadband accs typilly had heard more arguments challengg gay marriage than those who share their pot of view but don’t have broadband. People who said they enjoyed readg about different thgs, and those who said they sometim change their mds after reachg an opn were both more faiar wh the statements about gay marriage than those who didn’t. Durg our nversatn, which has been eded for length and clary, we discsed what ma the stggle for gay marriage distct om other civil-rights movements, how Tmp’s electn shifted the foc of social nservatism away om sexual polics, and what this fight n tell about future civil-rights is the stggle for gay marriage Ameri different om other stggl for civil rights Amerin history?

TEN REASONS TO SUPPORT GAY MARRIAGE

And so the procs of g out, which is the unrlyg social enge of a lot of the opn change that leads to polil and legal victori, is somethg that’s available to members of the gay and lbian muny that is not available to Ain-Amerins or to women, their I still n’t ci whether this is a profound observatn or a banal one, but most gay people are born to straight people—which means that they are, one prum, evenly distributed across the populatn, which is to say that they’re not geographilly ncentrated, that the likelihood of anybody the untry g to know somebody as a neighbor or a fay member or a classmate who’s gay or lbian is probably more or ls equally distributed. And we’ve seen across gay-rights issu, not jt marriage, that the bt predictor of liberal attus has always been how somebody answers the qutn “Do you have a iend, fay member, or -worker who’s gay or lbian? So, the mid-neteen-neti, anti-gay activists on the maland who rpond to this urt cisn Hawaii end up unifyg a gay-rights movement that had been unvted marriage as a e and actured iologilly over as a strategic proposn—over the tra-offs, terms of cremental gas that would have to be put asi the qut for marriage rights.

And, all of a sudn, some gay-rights activists who had been prcipled opponents of seekg marriage ci that, bee their opponents want to ny them that right, they feel basilly obliged to fight for ’s not a bad argument, right? And gays and lbians and bisexuals and transgenr people were a aln, and their opponents cid that what was wh that aln had been a niche issue but was now gog to be the primary area which they were gog to fight. Consequently, statistics nducted on the uned stat public opn show that 1996, only twenty-seven percent of the participants were approval of the gay marriage, while 2018, the percentage rose to sixty-seven percent (ProCon).

Notably, the Uned Stat, proponents of legalizatn of gay marriage ntend that same-sex unn is discrimatory and unnstutnal; th, they should have accs to all the benefs that are relished by oppose-sex upl (ProCon).

SOCIAL ISSU POLICS – GAY MARRIAGE

For stance, theory about the role of sets, dividuals are allowed to make their ee will durg the unn, more so, regardg the ncept of reference of groups, superr bodi such as the ernment have legalized gay marriage some stat; th, dividuals n make their own preferred choic their unn. On the ntrary, the theory of the role of sets allows dividuals to make their cisn ncerng their ee will, whereas on the ncept of reference groups certa bodi such as the ernment have to legalize particular issu such as gay marriage for the dividuals to make their own preferred choic regardg the social ncepts.

For stance, relatg to the pot on gay marriage, the theory of role of sets allows gay groups to make their preference regardg the matter, while on the ncept of reference of groups, gay upl have to rely on certa bodi such as the ernment to legalize the issue so that they n make their choice on gay marriage.