Gay Conversn Therapy's Disturbg 19th-Century Origs | HISTORY

Contents:

• IT IS NOW 50 YEARS SCE GAY PEOPLE WERE “CURED"
• I WAS 19, GAY AND READY TO BE ‘CURED’ BY NVERSN THERAPY
• RODRIGO DUTERTE SAYS HE ‘CURED’ HIMSELF FROM BEG GAY
• 5 SURPRISG FACTS ABOUT GAY CONVERSN THERAPY
• GAY CONVERSN THERAPY’S DISTURBG 19TH-CENTURY ORIGS

IT IS NOW 50 YEARS SCE GAY PEOPLE WERE “CURED"

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn’s removal of homosexualy om s Diagnostic Manual 1973.

It led to an important shift mental health practic as clicians stopped askg qutns like “What homosexualy? An openly gay physician, psychiatrist, or other mental-health profsnal uld lose their state license to practice. Psychiatric diagnosg of homosexualy as a mental disorr began the 19th century, most promently the work of Richard von Krafft-Ebg, who thought was due to “generatn” of the nervo system—generacy beg a now-disproven medil theory of that era.

I WAS 19, GAY AND READY TO BE ‘CURED’ BY NVERSN THERAPY

Sigmund Frd directly disagreed wh Krafft-Ebg’s ncept of homosexualy as an illns and stead saw as a “velopmental arrt, ” a kd of psychologil immatury. However, by the middle of the 20th century, the belief that homosexualy was a mental disorr was the prevailg view among psychiatrists and most of Frd’s psychoanalytic followers. Th, 1952, when the APA published the first edn of s Diagnostic and Statistil Manual (DSM-I), classified “homosexualy” as a “socpathic personaly disturbance.

The psychiatric perspectiv on homosexualy were drawn om a skewed sample of patients seekg treatment for homosexualy or other difficulti and studi of prison populatns. They found homosexualy to be more mon the general populatn than was generally believed—a fdg at odds wh psychiatric claims of the time that homosexualy was extremely rare the general populatn. All this changed the wake of the 1969 Stonewall rts New York Cy, an event that energized gay and lbian activists who believed psychiatric diagnosis to be a major ntributor to anti-homosexual social stigma.

A 1971 panel, entled “Gay is Good” featured Kameny, Barbara Gtgs, and Ron Gold, who explaed to psychiatrists, many of whom were hearg for the first time, the stigma ed by the “homosexualy” diagnosis.

RODRIGO DUTERTE SAYS HE ‘CURED’ HIMSELF FROM BEG GAY

H Anonymo, a “homosexual psychiatrist" who, given the realistic fear of adverse profsnal nsequenc for g out at that time, disguised his te inty om the dience and spoke of the discrimatn gay psychiatrists faced their own profsn.

The APA also engaged a slow, ternal liberative procs to nsir the qutn of whether homosexualy should rema a psychiatric diagnosis. After notg some humoro aspects of historil diagnos, he nclud, “To ntue to classify homosexualy as a disorr is as valid today as was the diagnosis of masturbatn the 1942 edn.

Havg arrived at a novel fn of mental disorr—one that would change future DSM edns until the prent—the mtee agreed that homosexualy per se was not one. It should be noted that psychiatrists did not vote, as is often reported the popular prs, on whether homosexualy should rema a diagnosis.

5 SURPRISG FACTS ABOUT GAY CONVERSN THERAPY

APA’s diagnostic revisn was the begng of the end of anized medice’s official participatn the social stigmatizatn of homosexualy. For example, 1990, the World Health Organizatn removed homosexualy per se om the Internatnal Classifitn of Diseas (ICD-10).

Whout a medil or scientific ratnalizatn for discrimatn, bat about homosexualy gradually shifted away om medice and psychiatry and to the moral and polil realms of relign, ernment, the ary, the media, and tnal stutns. The reasong behd acceptance went like this: If homosexualy is no longer nsired an illns, if one do not lerally accept biblil prohibns agast , and if gay people are able and prepared to functn as productive cizens, then what is wrong wh beg gay? Further, if there is nothg wrong wh beg gay, what moral and legal prcipl should society endorse helpg gay people openly live their liv?

The enactment of laws protectg the human rights of lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr (LGBT) people society and the workplace.

GAY CONVERSN THERAPY’S DISTURBG 19TH-CENTURY ORIGS

This film by Patrick Sammon and Bent Sger profil the velopment, expansn, and eventual victory of activists both outsi and si the ranks of the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn (APA) to remove homosexualy om s manual of mental illns, s Diagnostic and Statistil Manual, and the often-ntent bate surroundg the change. The film begs om a ntext which nservative relig nomatns fed homosexuals as sful, ernment prosecuted homosexuals as crimal, and the psychiatric profsn judged them as sick. Urologist, surgeon, and profsor om Chigo, 1889 livered a lecture at the College of Physicians and Surgeons Chigo which he referred to homosexuals as “sexual perverts” who are “physilly abnormal.