Gothamist</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M0 114.885C0 47.3785 29.418 0 72.1515 0C82.9937 0 90.4505 3.49826 96.3612 6.27118C100.242 8.09169 103.456 9.59956 106.524 9.59956C111.169 9.59956 114.575 6.81259 115.504 3.71596H123.246V61.0036H115.195C114.885 44.9011 91.3506 13.0058 69.9839 13.0058C44.9011 13.0058 30.0373 40.2562 30.0373 88.254C30.0373 162.573 50.1654 213.668 78.0351 213.668C88.5636 213.668 96.9245 207.474 102.189 196.326V124.485C102.189 121.078 95.0666 113.027 92.5893 113.027H82.68V104.976H148.019V113.027H141.206C138.11 113.027 131.297 121.078 131.297 124.485V226.673H129.749L111.169 209.642C101.569 222.338 87.6347 229.77 70.6032 229.77C28.7987 229.77 0 182.701 0 114.885ZM156.999 147.709C156.999 99.7115 181.153 65.6486 215.525 65.6486C249.898 65.6486 274.052 99.7115 274.052 147.709C274.052 195.707 249.898 229.77 215.525 229.77C181.153 229.77 156.999 195.707 156.999 147.709ZM248.35 173.721C248.35 120.149 230.699 79.2738 208.403 79.2738C192.92 79.2738 182.701 95.0666 182.701 121.698C182.701 174.96 200.352 216.145 222.648 216.145C238.131 216.145 248.35 200.352 248.35 173.721ZM330.708 229.77C344.643 229.77 356.41 216.455 367.867 197.875L361.674 193.849C353.932 204.378 346.81 210.261 341.546 210.261C332.256 210.261 326.682 201.281 326.682 194.778V84.8477H362.293V73.3902H325.443V28.489H318.321C318.012 35.9209 292.619 73.3902 286.116 73.3902H276.207V84.2284H298.503V198.184C298.503 216.455 310.889 229.77 330.708 229.77ZM412.768 92.2796C426.393 78.3448 442.186 65.0293 458.598 65.0293C478.727 65.0293 493.281 84.538 493.281 101.879V207.784C493.281 211.19 499.784 218.932 502.261 218.932H509.074V226.673H449.309V218.932H455.811C458.289 218.932 465.101 211.19 465.101 207.784V103.427C465.101 94.1376 456.74 85.1573 448.689 85.1573C437.541 85.1573 423.607 95.0666 412.768 106.834V207.784C412.768 211.19 419.581 218.932 422.058 218.932H427.942V226.673H369.415V218.932H375.299C377.776 218.932 384.589 211.19 384.589 207.784V28.1793C384.589 23.5344 375.918 15.4832 372.512 15.4832H366.319V7.74158C382.421 7.43191 400.072 4.33528 411.22 0H412.768V92.2796ZM587.109 115.814C540.04 137.49 516.506 155.451 516.506 187.656C516.506 213.048 530.75 229.77 552.736 229.77C565.742 229.77 577.819 220.17 588.967 209.642C592.373 220.48 601.663 228.531 611.882 228.531C622.101 228.531 631.081 218.312 640.061 197.255L633.558 194.159C629.533 201.9 625.507 207.165 622.101 207.165C618.695 207.165 615.288 202.829 615.288 198.184V111.788C615.288 82.68 599.496 65.6486 571.936 65.6486C541.279 65.6486 518.054 83.9187 518.054 104.666C518.054 110.859 522.08 114.266 529.202 114.266C539.731 114.266 547.782 109.001 547.782 101.879C547.782 100.29 547.619 98.0486 547.46 95.8662L547.46 95.8649L547.459 95.852C547.309 93.7865 547.162 91.7753 547.162 90.4216C547.162 83.609 552.427 77.4158 563.575 77.4158C577.509 77.4158 587.109 88.8733 587.109 105.905V115.814ZM587.109 197.255C579.367 205.307 572.245 210.571 564.504 210.571C552.117 210.571 543.447 196.326 543.447 176.818C543.447 152.974 560.168 140.897 587.109 126.962V197.255ZM587.109 199.113V199.733L586.49 199.113H587.109ZM699.826 226.673H641.3V218.932H647.183C649.661 218.932 656.473 211.19 656.473 207.784V97.2342C656.473 92.5893 647.803 84.538 644.396 84.538H638.203V76.7964C646.254 76.1771 666.692 69.9839 675.672 65.6486H677.221L683.724 89.8023C696.729 76.7964 710.664 65.0293 725.838 65.0293C742.56 65.0293 753.088 76.1771 756.494 90.112C769.191 77.1061 783.435 65.0293 798.609 65.0293C818.737 65.0293 830.194 81.4414 830.194 98.7825V207.784C830.194 211.19 837.007 218.932 839.484 218.932H845.368V226.673H786.841V218.932H792.725C795.202 218.932 802.015 211.19 802.015 207.784V100.331C802.015 91.0409 796.751 85.1573 788.699 85.1573C779.1 85.1573 767.642 93.5182 757.423 103.737V207.784C757.423 211.19 764.236 218.932 766.713 218.932H772.597V226.673H714.071V218.932H719.954C722.431 218.932 729.244 211.19 729.244 207.784V100.331C729.244 91.0409 723.98 85.1573 715.929 85.1573C706.329 85.1573 694.871 93.5182 684.653 103.737V207.784C684.653 211.19 691.465 218.932 693.943 218.932H699.826V226.673ZM896.76 207.784V65.6486H895.211C885.921 69.9839 857.432 76.1771 848.762 76.7964V84.538H856.503C859.91 84.538 868.58 92.5893 868.58 97.2342V207.784C868.58 211.19 861.768 218.932 859.29 218.932H851.858V226.673H913.481V218.932H906.049C903.572 218.932 896.76 211.19 896.76 207.784ZM862.077 27.56C862.077 38.3982 870.748 46.4495 880.967 46.4495C891.186 46.4495 899.856 38.3982 899.856 27.56C899.856 16.7218 891.186 8.67056 880.967 8.67056C870.748 8.67056 862.077 16.7218 862.077 27.56ZM926.487 226.673V174.96H933.919C935.158 186.108 953.118 216.764 974.485 216.764C986.562 216.764 995.542 207.165 995.542 192.301C995.542 180.534 988.729 172.173 977.891 164.741L945.686 142.755C930.513 132.536 924.01 121.388 924.01 107.763C924.01 82.9897 942.28 67.1969 963.956 67.1969C974.123 67.1969 980.844 70.1676 985.959 72.4285C989.101 73.8174 991.637 74.9385 993.994 74.9385C996.471 74.9385 999.258 72.7708 1000.19 69.9838H1006.38V114.885H999.568C998.329 105.285 981.297 78.6544 963.337 78.6544C953.428 78.6544 946.306 84.8477 946.306 94.7569C946.306 104.666 953.737 112.098 963.647 118.911L995.852 141.206C1011.33 152.045 1018.46 164.431 1018.46 179.914C1018.46 209.023 998.639 228.222 972.627 228.222C962.82 228.222 955.521 224.998 949.987 222.554C946.61 221.062 943.891 219.861 941.661 219.861C937.945 219.861 934.538 222.957 933.3 226.673H926.487ZM1071.1 229.77C1085.03 229.77 1096.8 216.455 1108.26 197.875L1102.07 193.849C1094.32 204.378 1087.2 210.261 1081.94 210.261C1072.65 210.261 1067.07 201.281 1067.07 194.778V84.8477H1102.69V73.3902H1065.84V28.489H1058.71C1058.4 35.9209 1033.01 73.3902 1026.51 73.3902H1016.6V84.2284H1038.89V198.184C1038.89 216.455 1051.28 229.77 1071.1 229.77Z" fill="black"></path></svg><!--]--></a><div class="gothamist-hear-tagle-holr hidn sm:block"><div class="gothamist-hear-tagle">A non-prof newsroom, powered by WNYC.</div></div></div><a href="/" class="flexible-lk ternal raw hidn xl:hidn hidn xl:hidn" role="headg" aria-level="1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><svg role="img" class="gothamist-logo gothamist-hear-center-logo" aria-label="Gothamist" width="1109" height="230" viewbox="0 0 1109 230" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Gothamist</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M0 114.885C0 47.3785 29.418 0 72.1515 0C82.9937 0 90.4505 3.49826 96.3612 6.27118C100.242 8.09169 103.456 9.59956 106.524 9.59956C111.169 9.59956 114.575 6.81259 115.504 3.71596H123.246V61.0036H115.195C114.885 44.9011 91.3506 13.0058 69.9839 13.0058C44.9011 13.0058 30.0373 40.2562 30.0373 88.254C30.0373 162.573 50.1654 213.668 78.0351 213.668C88.5636 213.668 96.9245 207.474 102.189 196.326V124.485C102.189 121.078 95.0666 113.027 92.5893 113.027H82.68V104.976H148.019V113.027H141.206C138.11 113.027 131.297 121.078 131.297 124.485V226.673H129.749L111.169 209.642C101.569 222.338 87.6347 229.77 70.6032 229.77C28.7987 229.77 0 182.701 0 114.885ZM156.999 147.709C156.999 99.7115 181.153 65.6486 215.525 65.6486C249.898 65.6486 274.052 99.7115 274.052 147.709C274.052 195.707 249.898 229.77 215.525 229.77C181.153 229.77 156.999 195.707 156.999 147.709ZM248.35 173.721C248.35 120.149 230.699 79.2738 208.403 79.2738C192.92 79.2738 182.701 95.0666 182.701 121.698C182.701 174.96 200.352 216.145 222.648 216.145C238.131 216.145 248.35 200.352 248.35 173.721ZM330.708 229.77C344.643 229.77 356.41 216.455 367.867 197.875L361.674 193.849C353.932 204.378 346.81 210.261 341.546 210.261C332.256 210.261 326.682 201.281 326.682 194.778V84.8477H362.293V73.3902H325.443V28.489H318.321C318.012 35.9209 292.619 73.3902 286.116 73.3902H276.207V84.2284H298.503V198.184C298.503 216.455 310.889 229.77 330.708 229.77ZM412.768 92.2796C426.393 78.3448 442.186 65.0293 458.598 65.0293C478.727 65.0293 493.281 84.538 493.281 101.879V207.784C493.281 211.19 499.784 218.932 502.261 218.932H509.074V226.673H449.309V218.932H455.811C458.289 218.932 465.101 211.19 465.101 207.784V103.427C465.101 94.1376 456.74 85.1573 448.689 85.1573C437.541 85.1573 423.607 95.0666 412.768 106.834V207.784C412.768 211.19 419.581 218.932 422.058 218.932H427.942V226.673H369.415V218.932H375.299C377.776 218.932 384.589 211.19 384.589 207.784V28.1793C384.589 23.5344 375.918 15.4832 372.512 15.4832H366.319V7.74158C382.421 7.43191 400.072 4.33528 411.22 0H412.768V92.2796ZM587.109 115.814C540.04 137.49 516.506 155.451 516.506 187.656C516.506 213.048 530.75 229.77 552.736 229.77C565.742 229.77 577.819 220.17 588.967 209.642C592.373 220.48 601.663 228.531 611.882 228.531C622.101 228.531 631.081 218.312 640.061 197.255L633.558 194.159C629.533 201.9 625.507 207.165 622.101 207.165C618.695 207.165 615.288 202.829 615.288 198.184V111.788C615.288 82.68 599.496 65.6486 571.936 65.6486C541.279 65.6486 518.054 83.9187 518.054 104.666C518.054 110.859 522.08 114.266 529.202 114.266C539.731 114.266 547.782 109.001 547.782 101.879C547.782 100.29 547.619 98.0486 547.46 95.8662L547.46 95.8649L547.459 95.852C547.309 93.7865 547.162 91.7753 547.162 90.4216C547.162 83.609 552.427 77.4158 563.575 77.4158C577.509 77.4158 587.109 88.8733 587.109 105.905V115.814ZM587.109 197.255C579.367 205.307 572.245 210.571 564.504 210.571C552.117 210.571 543.447 196.326 543.447 176.818C543.447 152.974 560.168 140.897 587.109 126.962V197.255ZM587.109 199.113V199.733L586.49 199.113H587.109ZM699.826 226.673H641.3V218.932H647.183C649.661 218.932 656.473 211.19 656.473 207.784V97.2342C656.473 92.5893 647.803 84.538 644.396 84.538H638.203V76.7964C646.254 76.1771 666.692 69.9839 675.672 65.6486H677.221L683.724 89.8023C696.729 76.7964 710.664 65.0293 725.838 65.0293C742.56 65.0293 753.088 76.1771 756.494 90.112C769.191 77.1061 783.435 65.0293 798.609 65.0293C818.737 65.0293 830.194 81.4414 830.194 98.7825V207.784C830.194 211.19 837.007 218.932 839.484 218.932H845.368V226.673H786.841V218.932H792.725C795.202 218.932 802.015 211.19 802.015 207.784V100.331C802.015 91.0409 796.751 85.1573 788.699 85.1573C779.1 85.1573 767.642 93.5182 757.423 103.737V207.784C757.423 211.19 764.236 218.932 766.713 218.932H772.597V226.673H714.071V218.932H719.954C722.431 218.932 729.244 211.19 729.244 207.784V100.331C729.244 91.0409 723.98 85.1573 715.929 85.1573C706.329 85.1573 694.871 93.5182 684.653 103.737V207.784C684.653 211.19 691.465 218.932 693.943 218.932H699.826V226.673ZM896.76 207.784V65.6486H895.211C885.921 69.9839 857.432 76.1771 848.762 76.7964V84.538H856.503C859.91 84.538 868.58 92.5893 868.58 97.2342V207.784C868.58 211.19 861.768 218.932 859.29 218.932H851.858V226.673H913.481V218.932H906.049C903.572 218.932 896.76 211.19 896.76 207.784ZM862.077 27.56C862.077 38.3982 870.748 46.4495 880.967 46.4495C891.186 46.4495 899.856 38.3982 899.856 27.56C899.856 16.7218 891.186 8.67056 880.967 8.67056C870.748 8.67056 862.077 16.7218 862.077 27.56ZM926.487 226.673V174.96H933.919C935.158 186.108 953.118 216.764 974.485 216.764C986.562 216.764 995.542 207.165 995.542 192.301C995.542 180.534 988.729 172.173 977.891 164.741L945.686 142.755C930.513 132.536 924.01 121.388 924.01 107.763C924.01 82.9897 942.28 67.1969 963.956 67.1969C974.123 67.1969 980.844 70.1676 985.959 72.4285C989.101 73.8174 991.637 74.9385 993.994 74.9385C996.471 74.9385 999.258 72.7708 1000.19 69.9838H1006.38V114.885H999.568C998.329 105.285 981.297 78.6544 963.337 78.6544C953.428 78.6544 946.306 84.8477 946.306 94.7569C946.306 104.666 953.737 112.098 963.647 118.911L995.852 141.206C1011.33 152.045 1018.46 164.431 1018.46 179.914C1018.46 209.023 998.639 228.222 972.627 228.222C962.82 228.222 955.521 224.998 949.987 222.554C946.61 221.062 943.891 219.861 941.661 219.861C937.945 219.861 934.538 222.957 933.3 226.673H926.487ZM1071.1 229.77C1085.03 229.77 1096.8 216.455 1108.26 197.875L1102.07 193.849C1094.32 204.378 1087.2 210.261 1081.94 210.261C1072.65 210.261 1067.07 201.281 1067.07 194.778V84.8477H1102.69V73.3902H1065.84V28.489H1058.71C1058.4 35.9209 1033.01 73.3902 1026.51 73.3902H1016.6V84.2284H1038.89V198.184C1038.89 216.455 1051.28 229.77 1071.1 229.77Z" fill="black"></path></svg><!--]--></a><div class="gothamist-hear-right align-ems-center gap-2"><div class="listen-live-button hidn md:block"><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-round p-button-danger w-full flex jtify-ntent-center" type="button"><!--[--><div class="flex align-ems-center"><i class="pi pi-sp pi-spner mr-2" style="font-size:1rem;"></i><img alt="WNYC" src="/live-stream-logos-whe/" class="mr-2"> Listen Live</div><!--]--></button></div><a class="gothamist-hear-donate-button mod-button p-ponent p-button-round p-button" href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="p-button-label">Donate</span></a><div class="search-button"><a href="/search" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button-text p-button-round -mr-2" type="button" aria-label="Go to search page" aria-expand="false"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-search p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button><!--]--></a></div><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only hamburger p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button-text p-button-round -mr-2" type="button" aria-label="Open the navigatn menu" aria-expand="false"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-bars p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button></div></div><!----></hear><!--]--></div><hear class="gothamist-hear" style=""><div class="top flex jtify-ntent-between align-ems-center sm:align-ems-end"><div class="gothamist-hear-left"><a href="/" class="flexible-lk ternal raw block hidn block hidn" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><svg role="img" class="gothamist-logo gothamist-hear-logo pr-2" aria-label="Gothamist" width="1109" height="230" viewbox="0 0 1109 230" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Gothamist</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M0 114.885C0 47.3785 29.418 0 72.1515 0C82.9937 0 90.4505 3.49826 96.3612 6.27118C100.242 8.09169 103.456 9.59956 106.524 9.59956C111.169 9.59956 114.575 6.81259 115.504 3.71596H123.246V61.0036H115.195C114.885 44.9011 91.3506 13.0058 69.9839 13.0058C44.9011 13.0058 30.0373 40.2562 30.0373 88.254C30.0373 162.573 50.1654 213.668 78.0351 213.668C88.5636 213.668 96.9245 207.474 102.189 196.326V124.485C102.189 121.078 95.0666 113.027 92.5893 113.027H82.68V104.976H148.019V113.027H141.206C138.11 113.027 131.297 121.078 131.297 124.485V226.673H129.749L111.169 209.642C101.569 222.338 87.6347 229.77 70.6032 229.77C28.7987 229.77 0 182.701 0 114.885ZM156.999 147.709C156.999 99.7115 181.153 65.6486 215.525 65.6486C249.898 65.6486 274.052 99.7115 274.052 147.709C274.052 195.707 249.898 229.77 215.525 229.77C181.153 229.77 156.999 195.707 156.999 147.709ZM248.35 173.721C248.35 120.149 230.699 79.2738 208.403 79.2738C192.92 79.2738 182.701 95.0666 182.701 121.698C182.701 174.96 200.352 216.145 222.648 216.145C238.131 216.145 248.35 200.352 248.35 173.721ZM330.708 229.77C344.643 229.77 356.41 216.455 367.867 197.875L361.674 193.849C353.932 204.378 346.81 210.261 341.546 210.261C332.256 210.261 326.682 201.281 326.682 194.778V84.8477H362.293V73.3902H325.443V28.489H318.321C318.012 35.9209 292.619 73.3902 286.116 73.3902H276.207V84.2284H298.503V198.184C298.503 216.455 310.889 229.77 330.708 229.77ZM412.768 92.2796C426.393 78.3448 442.186 65.0293 458.598 65.0293C478.727 65.0293 493.281 84.538 493.281 101.879V207.784C493.281 211.19 499.784 218.932 502.261 218.932H509.074V226.673H449.309V218.932H455.811C458.289 218.932 465.101 211.19 465.101 207.784V103.427C465.101 94.1376 456.74 85.1573 448.689 85.1573C437.541 85.1573 423.607 95.0666 412.768 106.834V207.784C412.768 211.19 419.581 218.932 422.058 218.932H427.942V226.673H369.415V218.932H375.299C377.776 218.932 384.589 211.19 384.589 207.784V28.1793C384.589 23.5344 375.918 15.4832 372.512 15.4832H366.319V7.74158C382.421 7.43191 400.072 4.33528 411.22 0H412.768V92.2796ZM587.109 115.814C540.04 137.49 516.506 155.451 516.506 187.656C516.506 213.048 530.75 229.77 552.736 229.77C565.742 229.77 577.819 220.17 588.967 209.642C592.373 220.48 601.663 228.531 611.882 228.531C622.101 228.531 631.081 218.312 640.061 197.255L633.558 194.159C629.533 201.9 625.507 207.165 622.101 207.165C618.695 207.165 615.288 202.829 615.288 198.184V111.788C615.288 82.68 599.496 65.6486 571.936 65.6486C541.279 65.6486 518.054 83.9187 518.054 104.666C518.054 110.859 522.08 114.266 529.202 114.266C539.731 114.266 547.782 109.001 547.782 101.879C547.782 100.29 547.619 98.0486 547.46 95.8662L547.46 95.8649L547.459 95.852C547.309 93.7865 547.162 91.7753 547.162 90.4216C547.162 83.609 552.427 77.4158 563.575 77.4158C577.509 77.4158 587.109 88.8733 587.109 105.905V115.814ZM587.109 197.255C579.367 205.307 572.245 210.571 564.504 210.571C552.117 210.571 543.447 196.326 543.447 176.818C543.447 152.974 560.168 140.897 587.109 126.962V197.255ZM587.109 199.113V199.733L586.49 199.113H587.109ZM699.826 226.673H641.3V218.932H647.183C649.661 218.932 656.473 211.19 656.473 207.784V97.2342C656.473 92.5893 647.803 84.538 644.396 84.538H638.203V76.7964C646.254 76.1771 666.692 69.9839 675.672 65.6486H677.221L683.724 89.8023C696.729 76.7964 710.664 65.0293 725.838 65.0293C742.56 65.0293 753.088 76.1771 756.494 90.112C769.191 77.1061 783.435 65.0293 798.609 65.0293C818.737 65.0293 830.194 81.4414 830.194 98.7825V207.784C830.194 211.19 837.007 218.932 839.484 218.932H845.368V226.673H786.841V218.932H792.725C795.202 218.932 802.015 211.19 802.015 207.784V100.331C802.015 91.0409 796.751 85.1573 788.699 85.1573C779.1 85.1573 767.642 93.5182 757.423 103.737V207.784C757.423 211.19 764.236 218.932 766.713 218.932H772.597V226.673H714.071V218.932H719.954C722.431 218.932 729.244 211.19 729.244 207.784V100.331C729.244 91.0409 723.98 85.1573 715.929 85.1573C706.329 85.1573 694.871 93.5182 684.653 103.737V207.784C684.653 211.19 691.465 218.932 693.943 218.932H699.826V226.673ZM896.76 207.784V65.6486H895.211C885.921 69.9839 857.432 76.1771 848.762 76.7964V84.538H856.503C859.91 84.538 868.58 92.5893 868.58 97.2342V207.784C868.58 211.19 861.768 218.932 859.29 218.932H851.858V226.673H913.481V218.932H906.049C903.572 218.932 896.76 211.19 896.76 207.784ZM862.077 27.56C862.077 38.3982 870.748 46.4495 880.967 46.4495C891.186 46.4495 899.856 38.3982 899.856 27.56C899.856 16.7218 891.186 8.67056 880.967 8.67056C870.748 8.67056 862.077 16.7218 862.077 27.56ZM926.487 226.673V174.96H933.919C935.158 186.108 953.118 216.764 974.485 216.764C986.562 216.764 995.542 207.165 995.542 192.301C995.542 180.534 988.729 172.173 977.891 164.741L945.686 142.755C930.513 132.536 924.01 121.388 924.01 107.763C924.01 82.9897 942.28 67.1969 963.956 67.1969C974.123 67.1969 980.844 70.1676 985.959 72.4285C989.101 73.8174 991.637 74.9385 993.994 74.9385C996.471 74.9385 999.258 72.7708 1000.19 69.9838H1006.38V114.885H999.568C998.329 105.285 981.297 78.6544 963.337 78.6544C953.428 78.6544 946.306 84.8477 946.306 94.7569C946.306 104.666 953.737 112.098 963.647 118.911L995.852 141.206C1011.33 152.045 1018.46 164.431 1018.46 179.914C1018.46 209.023 998.639 228.222 972.627 228.222C962.82 228.222 955.521 224.998 949.987 222.554C946.61 221.062 943.891 219.861 941.661 219.861C937.945 219.861 934.538 222.957 933.3 226.673H926.487ZM1071.1 229.77C1085.03 229.77 1096.8 216.455 1108.26 197.875L1102.07 193.849C1094.32 204.378 1087.2 210.261 1081.94 210.261C1072.65 210.261 1067.07 201.281 1067.07 194.778V84.8477H1102.69V73.3902H1065.84V28.489H1058.71C1058.4 35.9209 1033.01 73.3902 1026.51 73.3902H1016.6V84.2284H1038.89V198.184C1038.89 216.455 1051.28 229.77 1071.1 229.77Z" fill="black"></path></svg><!--]--></a><div class="gothamist-hear-tagle-holr hidn sm:block"><div class="gothamist-hear-tagle">A non-prof newsroom, powered by WNYC.</div></div></div><a href="/" class="flexible-lk ternal raw hidn xl:hidn hidn xl:hidn" role="headg" aria-level="1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><svg role="img" class="gothamist-logo gothamist-hear-center-logo" aria-label="Gothamist" width="1109" height="230" viewbox="0 0 1109 230" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Gothamist</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M0 114.885C0 47.3785 29.418 0 72.1515 0C82.9937 0 90.4505 3.49826 96.3612 6.27118C100.242 8.09169 103.456 9.59956 106.524 9.59956C111.169 9.59956 114.575 6.81259 115.504 3.71596H123.246V61.0036H115.195C114.885 44.9011 91.3506 13.0058 69.9839 13.0058C44.9011 13.0058 30.0373 40.2562 30.0373 88.254C30.0373 162.573 50.1654 213.668 78.0351 213.668C88.5636 213.668 96.9245 207.474 102.189 196.326V124.485C102.189 121.078 95.0666 113.027 92.5893 113.027H82.68V104.976H148.019V113.027H141.206C138.11 113.027 131.297 121.078 131.297 124.485V226.673H129.749L111.169 209.642C101.569 222.338 87.6347 229.77 70.6032 229.77C28.7987 229.77 0 182.701 0 114.885ZM156.999 147.709C156.999 99.7115 181.153 65.6486 215.525 65.6486C249.898 65.6486 274.052 99.7115 274.052 147.709C274.052 195.707 249.898 229.77 215.525 229.77C181.153 229.77 156.999 195.707 156.999 147.709ZM248.35 173.721C248.35 120.149 230.699 79.2738 208.403 79.2738C192.92 79.2738 182.701 95.0666 182.701 121.698C182.701 174.96 200.352 216.145 222.648 216.145C238.131 216.145 248.35 200.352 248.35 173.721ZM330.708 229.77C344.643 229.77 356.41 216.455 367.867 197.875L361.674 193.849C353.932 204.378 346.81 210.261 341.546 210.261C332.256 210.261 326.682 201.281 326.682 194.778V84.8477H362.293V73.3902H325.443V28.489H318.321C318.012 35.9209 292.619 73.3902 286.116 73.3902H276.207V84.2284H298.503V198.184C298.503 216.455 310.889 229.77 330.708 229.77ZM412.768 92.2796C426.393 78.3448 442.186 65.0293 458.598 65.0293C478.727 65.0293 493.281 84.538 493.281 101.879V207.784C493.281 211.19 499.784 218.932 502.261 218.932H509.074V226.673H449.309V218.932H455.811C458.289 218.932 465.101 211.19 465.101 207.784V103.427C465.101 94.1376 456.74 85.1573 448.689 85.1573C437.541 85.1573 423.607 95.0666 412.768 106.834V207.784C412.768 211.19 419.581 218.932 422.058 218.932H427.942V226.673H369.415V218.932H375.299C377.776 218.932 384.589 211.19 384.589 207.784V28.1793C384.589 23.5344 375.918 15.4832 372.512 15.4832H366.319V7.74158C382.421 7.43191 400.072 4.33528 411.22 0H412.768V92.2796ZM587.109 115.814C540.04 137.49 516.506 155.451 516.506 187.656C516.506 213.048 530.75 229.77 552.736 229.77C565.742 229.77 577.819 220.17 588.967 209.642C592.373 220.48 601.663 228.531 611.882 228.531C622.101 228.531 631.081 218.312 640.061 197.255L633.558 194.159C629.533 201.9 625.507 207.165 622.101 207.165C618.695 207.165 615.288 202.829 615.288 198.184V111.788C615.288 82.68 599.496 65.6486 571.936 65.6486C541.279 65.6486 518.054 83.9187 518.054 104.666C518.054 110.859 522.08 114.266 529.202 114.266C539.731 114.266 547.782 109.001 547.782 101.879C547.782 100.29 547.619 98.0486 547.46 95.8662L547.46 95.8649L547.459 95.852C547.309 93.7865 547.162 91.7753 547.162 90.4216C547.162 83.609 552.427 77.4158 563.575 77.4158C577.509 77.4158 587.109 88.8733 587.109 105.905V115.814ZM587.109 197.255C579.367 205.307 572.245 210.571 564.504 210.571C552.117 210.571 543.447 196.326 543.447 176.818C543.447 152.974 560.168 140.897 587.109 126.962V197.255ZM587.109 199.113V199.733L586.49 199.113H587.109ZM699.826 226.673H641.3V218.932H647.183C649.661 218.932 656.473 211.19 656.473 207.784V97.2342C656.473 92.5893 647.803 84.538 644.396 84.538H638.203V76.7964C646.254 76.1771 666.692 69.9839 675.672 65.6486H677.221L683.724 89.8023C696.729 76.7964 710.664 65.0293 725.838 65.0293C742.56 65.0293 753.088 76.1771 756.494 90.112C769.191 77.1061 783.435 65.0293 798.609 65.0293C818.737 65.0293 830.194 81.4414 830.194 98.7825V207.784C830.194 211.19 837.007 218.932 839.484 218.932H845.368V226.673H786.841V218.932H792.725C795.202 218.932 802.015 211.19 802.015 207.784V100.331C802.015 91.0409 796.751 85.1573 788.699 85.1573C779.1 85.1573 767.642 93.5182 757.423 103.737V207.784C757.423 211.19 764.236 218.932 766.713 218.932H772.597V226.673H714.071V218.932H719.954C722.431 218.932 729.244 211.19 729.244 207.784V100.331C729.244 91.0409 723.98 85.1573 715.929 85.1573C706.329 85.1573 694.871 93.5182 684.653 103.737V207.784C684.653 211.19 691.465 218.932 693.943 218.932H699.826V226.673ZM896.76 207.784V65.6486H895.211C885.921 69.9839 857.432 76.1771 848.762 76.7964V84.538H856.503C859.91 84.538 868.58 92.5893 868.58 97.2342V207.784C868.58 211.19 861.768 218.932 859.29 218.932H851.858V226.673H913.481V218.932H906.049C903.572 218.932 896.76 211.19 896.76 207.784ZM862.077 27.56C862.077 38.3982 870.748 46.4495 880.967 46.4495C891.186 46.4495 899.856 38.3982 899.856 27.56C899.856 16.7218 891.186 8.67056 880.967 8.67056C870.748 8.67056 862.077 16.7218 862.077 27.56ZM926.487 226.673V174.96H933.919C935.158 186.108 953.118 216.764 974.485 216.764C986.562 216.764 995.542 207.165 995.542 192.301C995.542 180.534 988.729 172.173 977.891 164.741L945.686 142.755C930.513 132.536 924.01 121.388 924.01 107.763C924.01 82.9897 942.28 67.1969 963.956 67.1969C974.123 67.1969 980.844 70.1676 985.959 72.4285C989.101 73.8174 991.637 74.9385 993.994 74.9385C996.471 74.9385 999.258 72.7708 1000.19 69.9838H1006.38V114.885H999.568C998.329 105.285 981.297 78.6544 963.337 78.6544C953.428 78.6544 946.306 84.8477 946.306 94.7569C946.306 104.666 953.737 112.098 963.647 118.911L995.852 141.206C1011.33 152.045 1018.46 164.431 1018.46 179.914C1018.46 209.023 998.639 228.222 972.627 228.222C962.82 228.222 955.521 224.998 949.987 222.554C946.61 221.062 943.891 219.861 941.661 219.861C937.945 219.861 934.538 222.957 933.3 226.673H926.487ZM1071.1 229.77C1085.03 229.77 1096.8 216.455 1108.26 197.875L1102.07 193.849C1094.32 204.378 1087.2 210.261 1081.94 210.261C1072.65 210.261 1067.07 201.281 1067.07 194.778V84.8477H1102.69V73.3902H1065.84V28.489H1058.71C1058.4 35.9209 1033.01 73.3902 1026.51 73.3902H1016.6V84.2284H1038.89V198.184C1038.89 216.455 1051.28 229.77 1071.1 229.77Z" fill="black"></path></svg><!--]--></a><div class="gothamist-hear-right align-ems-center gap-2"><div class="listen-live-button hidn md:block"><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-round p-button-danger w-full flex jtify-ntent-center" type="button"><!--[--><div class="flex align-ems-center"><i class="pi pi-sp pi-spner mr-2" style="font-size:1rem;"></i><img alt="WNYC" src="/live-stream-logos-whe/" class="mr-2"> Listen Live</div><!--]--></button></div><a class="gothamist-hear-donate-button mod-button p-ponent p-button-round p-button" href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="p-button-label">Donate</span></a><div class="search-button"><a href="/search" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button-text p-button-round -mr-2" type="button" aria-label="Go to search page" aria-expand="false"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-search p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button><!--]--></a></div><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only hamburger p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button-text p-button-round -mr-2" type="button" aria-label="Open the navigatn menu" aria-expand="false"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-bars p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button></div></div><!----></hear><div class="flt-slot-holr"><!--[--><div><div class="scroll-trigger"><!--[--><!--[--><hear class="article-page-hear" style="top:0px;--43b64114:0%;"><sectn class="article-page-hear-progrs"><div class="article-page-hear-ntents ntent py-0 my-3 flex align-ems-center jtify-ntent-between"><div class="article-page-hear-left"><a href="/" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><svg role="img" class="gothamist-logo article-page-hear-logo" aria-label="Gothamist" width="1109" height="230" viewbox="0 0 1109 230" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Gothamist</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M0 114.885C0 47.3785 29.418 0 72.1515 0C82.9937 0 90.4505 3.49826 96.3612 6.27118C100.242 8.09169 103.456 9.59956 106.524 9.59956C111.169 9.59956 114.575 6.81259 115.504 3.71596H123.246V61.0036H115.195C114.885 44.9011 91.3506 13.0058 69.9839 13.0058C44.9011 13.0058 30.0373 40.2562 30.0373 88.254C30.0373 162.573 50.1654 213.668 78.0351 213.668C88.5636 213.668 96.9245 207.474 102.189 196.326V124.485C102.189 121.078 95.0666 113.027 92.5893 113.027H82.68V104.976H148.019V113.027H141.206C138.11 113.027 131.297 121.078 131.297 124.485V226.673H129.749L111.169 209.642C101.569 222.338 87.6347 229.77 70.6032 229.77C28.7987 229.77 0 182.701 0 114.885ZM156.999 147.709C156.999 99.7115 181.153 65.6486 215.525 65.6486C249.898 65.6486 274.052 99.7115 274.052 147.709C274.052 195.707 249.898 229.77 215.525 229.77C181.153 229.77 156.999 195.707 156.999 147.709ZM248.35 173.721C248.35 120.149 230.699 79.2738 208.403 79.2738C192.92 79.2738 182.701 95.0666 182.701 121.698C182.701 174.96 200.352 216.145 222.648 216.145C238.131 216.145 248.35 200.352 248.35 173.721ZM330.708 229.77C344.643 229.77 356.41 216.455 367.867 197.875L361.674 193.849C353.932 204.378 346.81 210.261 341.546 210.261C332.256 210.261 326.682 201.281 326.682 194.778V84.8477H362.293V73.3902H325.443V28.489H318.321C318.012 35.9209 292.619 73.3902 286.116 73.3902H276.207V84.2284H298.503V198.184C298.503 216.455 310.889 229.77 330.708 229.77ZM412.768 92.2796C426.393 78.3448 442.186 65.0293 458.598 65.0293C478.727 65.0293 493.281 84.538 493.281 101.879V207.784C493.281 211.19 499.784 218.932 502.261 218.932H509.074V226.673H449.309V218.932H455.811C458.289 218.932 465.101 211.19 465.101 207.784V103.427C465.101 94.1376 456.74 85.1573 448.689 85.1573C437.541 85.1573 423.607 95.0666 412.768 106.834V207.784C412.768 211.19 419.581 218.932 422.058 218.932H427.942V226.673H369.415V218.932H375.299C377.776 218.932 384.589 211.19 384.589 207.784V28.1793C384.589 23.5344 375.918 15.4832 372.512 15.4832H366.319V7.74158C382.421 7.43191 400.072 4.33528 411.22 0H412.768V92.2796ZM587.109 115.814C540.04 137.49 516.506 155.451 516.506 187.656C516.506 213.048 530.75 229.77 552.736 229.77C565.742 229.77 577.819 220.17 588.967 209.642C592.373 220.48 601.663 228.531 611.882 228.531C622.101 228.531 631.081 218.312 640.061 197.255L633.558 194.159C629.533 201.9 625.507 207.165 622.101 207.165C618.695 207.165 615.288 202.829 615.288 198.184V111.788C615.288 82.68 599.496 65.6486 571.936 65.6486C541.279 65.6486 518.054 83.9187 518.054 104.666C518.054 110.859 522.08 114.266 529.202 114.266C539.731 114.266 547.782 109.001 547.782 101.879C547.782 100.29 547.619 98.0486 547.46 95.8662L547.46 95.8649L547.459 95.852C547.309 93.7865 547.162 91.7753 547.162 90.4216C547.162 83.609 552.427 77.4158 563.575 77.4158C577.509 77.4158 587.109 88.8733 587.109 105.905V115.814ZM587.109 197.255C579.367 205.307 572.245 210.571 564.504 210.571C552.117 210.571 543.447 196.326 543.447 176.818C543.447 152.974 560.168 140.897 587.109 126.962V197.255ZM587.109 199.113V199.733L586.49 199.113H587.109ZM699.826 226.673H641.3V218.932H647.183C649.661 218.932 656.473 211.19 656.473 207.784V97.2342C656.473 92.5893 647.803 84.538 644.396 84.538H638.203V76.7964C646.254 76.1771 666.692 69.9839 675.672 65.6486H677.221L683.724 89.8023C696.729 76.7964 710.664 65.0293 725.838 65.0293C742.56 65.0293 753.088 76.1771 756.494 90.112C769.191 77.1061 783.435 65.0293 798.609 65.0293C818.737 65.0293 830.194 81.4414 830.194 98.7825V207.784C830.194 211.19 837.007 218.932 839.484 218.932H845.368V226.673H786.841V218.932H792.725C795.202 218.932 802.015 211.19 802.015 207.784V100.331C802.015 91.0409 796.751 85.1573 788.699 85.1573C779.1 85.1573 767.642 93.5182 757.423 103.737V207.784C757.423 211.19 764.236 218.932 766.713 218.932H772.597V226.673H714.071V218.932H719.954C722.431 218.932 729.244 211.19 729.244 207.784V100.331C729.244 91.0409 723.98 85.1573 715.929 85.1573C706.329 85.1573 694.871 93.5182 684.653 103.737V207.784C684.653 211.19 691.465 218.932 693.943 218.932H699.826V226.673ZM896.76 207.784V65.6486H895.211C885.921 69.9839 857.432 76.1771 848.762 76.7964V84.538H856.503C859.91 84.538 868.58 92.5893 868.58 97.2342V207.784C868.58 211.19 861.768 218.932 859.29 218.932H851.858V226.673H913.481V218.932H906.049C903.572 218.932 896.76 211.19 896.76 207.784ZM862.077 27.56C862.077 38.3982 870.748 46.4495 880.967 46.4495C891.186 46.4495 899.856 38.3982 899.856 27.56C899.856 16.7218 891.186 8.67056 880.967 8.67056C870.748 8.67056 862.077 16.7218 862.077 27.56ZM926.487 226.673V174.96H933.919C935.158 186.108 953.118 216.764 974.485 216.764C986.562 216.764 995.542 207.165 995.542 192.301C995.542 180.534 988.729 172.173 977.891 164.741L945.686 142.755C930.513 132.536 924.01 121.388 924.01 107.763C924.01 82.9897 942.28 67.1969 963.956 67.1969C974.123 67.1969 980.844 70.1676 985.959 72.4285C989.101 73.8174 991.637 74.9385 993.994 74.9385C996.471 74.9385 999.258 72.7708 1000.19 69.9838H1006.38V114.885H999.568C998.329 105.285 981.297 78.6544 963.337 78.6544C953.428 78.6544 946.306 84.8477 946.306 94.7569C946.306 104.666 953.737 112.098 963.647 118.911L995.852 141.206C1011.33 152.045 1018.46 164.431 1018.46 179.914C1018.46 209.023 998.639 228.222 972.627 228.222C962.82 228.222 955.521 224.998 949.987 222.554C946.61 221.062 943.891 219.861 941.661 219.861C937.945 219.861 934.538 222.957 933.3 226.673H926.487ZM1071.1 229.77C1085.03 229.77 1096.8 216.455 1108.26 197.875L1102.07 193.849C1094.32 204.378 1087.2 210.261 1081.94 210.261C1072.65 210.261 1067.07 201.281 1067.07 194.778V84.8477H1102.69V73.3902H1065.84V28.489H1058.71C1058.4 35.9209 1033.01 73.3902 1026.51 73.3902H1016.6V84.2284H1038.89V198.184C1038.89 216.455 1051.28 229.77 1071.1 229.77Z" fill="black"></path></svg><!--]--></a><div class="article-page-hear-tagle hidn">A non-prof newsroom, powered by WNYC.</div></div><div class="article-page-hear-center hidn h6 md:block px-4">Vio: Cisg The Wt Si Piers In The 1970s</div><div class="article-page-hear-right flex jtify-ntent-end"><div class="v-share-tools group hidn lg:flex mx-3 hidn lg:flex mx-3"><!----><!--[--><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Facebook" class="o-in o-facebook-in" viewbox="2 2 20 20" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Facebook</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M9.34783 9H7V12H9.34783V21H13.2609V12H16.1111L16.3913 9H13.2609V7.74975C13.2609 7.0335 13.4111 6.75 14.1335 6.75H16.3913V3H13.4111C10.5969 3 9.34783 4.18725 9.34783 6.46125V9Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Twter" class="o-in o-twter-in" viewbox="2 2 20 20" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Twter</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M22.2894 5.98424C21.5429 6.32111 20.7406 6.54798 19.8986 6.65024C20.7584 6.1269 21.4186 5.29762 21.7289 4.30937C20.9249 4.79404 20.0339 5.14638 19.0854 5.33629C18.327 4.51389 17.2441 4 16.047 4C13.3595 4 11.3847 6.54884 11.9917 9.19478C8.53319 9.01862 5.46611 7.33429 3.41265 4.77428C2.32209 6.67602 2.84708 9.16385 4.70018 10.4237C4.0188 10.4013 3.3763 10.2114 2.8158 9.8943C2.77015 11.8545 4.15237 13.6883 6.15425 14.0965C5.5684 14.2581 4.92675 14.2959 4.2741 14.1687C4.80332 15.8496 6.34024 17.0725 8.1629 17.1068C6.41294 18.5016 4.20816 19.1246 2 18.8599C3.84211 20.0604 6.03083 20.7608 8.38102 20.7608C16.1096 20.7608 20.476 14.1257 20.2123 8.17473C21.0255 7.57748 21.7314 6.83242 22.2894 5.98424Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Redd" class="o-in o-redd-in" viewbox="3 3 18 18" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Redd</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M21 11.0589C21 9.83693 19.988 8.84636 18.7396 8.84636C18.1143 8.84636 17.5495 9.09585 17.1404 9.49751C15.8763 8.69949 14.2614 8.19094 12.4877 8.1116C12.4888 7.37447 12.8261 6.68731 13.4136 6.22596C14.0022 5.76383 14.7624 5.59076 15.4987 5.75083L15.5998 5.7728C15.5988 5.79761 15.596 5.82193 15.596 5.84698C15.596 6.86703 16.4408 7.69395 17.4829 7.69395C18.525 7.69395 19.3698 6.86703 19.3698 5.84698C19.3698 4.82689 18.525 4 17.4829 4C16.8128 4 16.2258 4.34286 15.891 4.85813L15.7102 4.81881C14.6835 4.59551 13.6238 4.83693 12.8033 5.48124C11.9838 6.12477 11.5135 7.08335 11.5124 8.1116C9.73916 8.1909 8.12451 8.6992 6.86056 9.49685C6.45143 9.09512 5.88576 8.84632 5.2604 8.84632C4.01203 8.84636 3 9.83693 3 11.0589C3 11.9103 3.49219 12.6479 4.21251 13.0178C4.15781 13.2917 4.12903 13.5718 4.12903 13.8568C4.12903 17.036 7.65297 19.6133 12 19.6133C16.347 19.6133 19.8709 17.036 19.8709 13.8568C19.8709 13.5719 19.8422 13.292 19.7875 13.0182C20.5079 12.6483 21 11.9104 21 11.0589ZM17.4831 4.95483C17.9857 4.95483 18.3946 5.35509 18.3946 5.84712C18.3946 6.3391 17.9857 6.73936 17.4831 6.73936C16.9804 6.73936 16.5715 6.3391 16.5715 5.84712C16.5715 5.35509 16.9804 4.95483 17.4831 4.95483ZM3.97548 11.0587C3.97548 10.3652 4.55196 9.80089 5.26055 9.80089C5.56403 9.80089 5.84259 9.90495 6.06238 10.078C5.3749 10.6553 4.84266 11.3339 4.5122 12.079C4.18765 11.8509 3.97548 11.479 3.97548 11.0587ZM16.9817 17.1623C15.6625 18.127 13.8933 18.6584 11.9999 18.6584C10.1065 18.6584 8.33728 18.127 7.01812 17.1623C5.78399 16.2597 5.1043 15.0857 5.1043 13.8566C5.1043 12.6275 5.78399 11.4535 7.01812 10.551C8.33728 9.58618 10.1065 9.05484 11.9999 9.05484C13.8933 9.05484 15.6625 9.58618 16.9817 10.551C18.2158 11.4535 18.8955 12.6275 18.8955 13.8566C18.8955 15.0857 18.2158 16.2597 16.9817 17.1623ZM19.4875 12.0785C19.1569 11.3335 18.6247 10.655 17.9374 10.0778C18.1572 9.90478 18.4359 9.80089 18.7394 9.80089C19.448 9.80089 20.0245 10.3652 20.0245 11.0587C20.0244 11.479 19.812 11.8504 19.4875 12.0785Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M9.12491 13.5202C9.69333 13.5202 10.1541 13.0692 10.1541 12.5128C10.1541 11.9564 9.69333 11.5054 9.12491 11.5054C8.5565 11.5054 8.0957 11.9564 8.0957 12.5128C8.0957 13.0692 8.5565 13.5202 9.12491 13.5202Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M14.8744 13.5197C15.4428 13.5197 15.9036 13.0687 15.9036 12.5123C15.9036 11.9559 15.4428 11.5049 14.8744 11.5049C14.306 11.5049 13.8452 11.9559 13.8452 12.5123C13.8452 13.0687 14.306 13.5197 14.8744 13.5197Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M14.4392 14.9606C13.7136 15.6076 12.7731 15.9639 11.7908 15.9639C10.6878 15.9639 9.6658 15.5288 8.91319 14.7387C8.72954 14.5459 8.42095 14.5354 8.22395 14.7152C8.02694 14.8949 8.01618 15.197 8.19986 15.3898C9.12539 16.3614 10.4343 16.9186 11.7908 16.9186C13.0167 16.9186 14.1905 16.4738 15.0961 15.6663C15.2951 15.4887 15.3095 15.1868 15.1281 14.9919C14.9468 14.7972 14.6385 14.7829 14.4392 14.9606Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Email" class="o-in o-email-in" viewbox="3 3 18 18" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Email</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M21 6.60714C21 5.72321 20.2768 5 19.3929 5H4.60714C3.72321 5 3 5.72321 3 6.60714V7.41071L11.6518 11.6964C11.8661 11.8036 12.1339 11.8036 12.3482 11.6964L21 7.41071V6.60714Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M4.60714 18.4466H19.3929C20.2768 18.4466 21 17.7234 21 16.8394V8.61621L12.8304 12.6609C12.5625 12.7948 12.2946 12.8484 12 12.8484C11.7054 12.8484 11.4375 12.7948 11.1696 12.6609L3 8.61621V16.8394C3 17.7234 3.72321 18.4466 4.60714 18.4466Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><!--]--></div><a class="article-page-hear-donate-button mod-button p-ponent p-button p-button-round mr-2" href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="p-button-label">Donate</span></a><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only p-button-text p-button-round -mr-2" type="button" aria-label="Open the navigatn menu" aria-expand="false"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-bars p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button></div></div></sectn></hear><!--]--><!--]--></div><sectn class="top-sectn"><div class="ntent"><div class="grid gutter-x-30"><div class="l-fixed hidn xxl:block"></div><div class="l"><span class="v-tag"><a href="/arts-entertament" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled Arts & Entertament"><span class="p-button-label">Arts & Entertament</span></div><!--]--></a></span><h1 class="mt-4 mb-3 h2">Vio: Cisg The Wt Si Piers In The 1970s</h1></div><div class="l-fixed hidn lg:block"></div></div><div class="grid gutter-x-30"><div class="l-fixed hidn xxl:block"><hr class="black"><div class="byle mb-3 pt-4"><div class="one-thor thor flex"><div class="thor-imag flex flex-wrap"><!--[--><div class="thor-image"><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><img src="/" alt loadg="lazy"><!--]--></a></div><!--]--></div><div class="flex flex-lumn gap-125"><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Garth Johnston<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div><div class="date-published"><p class="type-ptn">Published Feb 16, 2012</p><p class="type-ptn">Modified Feb 16, 2012</p></div><!----></div></div><div><hr class="mt-4"><div class="v-share-tools group mt-3 mt-3"><p class="label">Share</p><!--[--><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Facebook" class="o-in o-facebook-in" viewbox="2 2 20 20" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Facebook</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M9.34783 9H7V12H9.34783V21H13.2609V12H16.1111L16.3913 9H13.2609V7.74975C13.2609 7.0335 13.4111 6.75 14.1335 6.75H16.3913V3H13.4111C10.5969 3 9.34783 4.18725 9.34783 6.46125V9Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Twter" class="o-in o-twter-in" viewbox="2 2 20 20" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Twter</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M22.2894 5.98424C21.5429 6.32111 20.7406 6.54798 19.8986 6.65024C20.7584 6.1269 21.4186 5.29762 21.7289 4.30937C20.9249 4.79404 20.0339 5.14638 19.0854 5.33629C18.327 4.51389 17.2441 4 16.047 4C13.3595 4 11.3847 6.54884 11.9917 9.19478C8.53319 9.01862 5.46611 7.33429 3.41265 4.77428C2.32209 6.67602 2.84708 9.16385 4.70018 10.4237C4.0188 10.4013 3.3763 10.2114 2.8158 9.8943C2.77015 11.8545 4.15237 13.6883 6.15425 14.0965C5.5684 14.2581 4.92675 14.2959 4.2741 14.1687C4.80332 15.8496 6.34024 17.0725 8.1629 17.1068C6.41294 18.5016 4.20816 19.1246 2 18.8599C3.84211 20.0604 6.03083 20.7608 8.38102 20.7608C16.1096 20.7608 20.476 14.1257 20.2123 8.17473C21.0255 7.57748 21.7314 6.83242 22.2894 5.98424Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Redd" class="o-in o-redd-in" viewbox="3 3 18 18" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Redd</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M21 11.0589C21 9.83693 19.988 8.84636 18.7396 8.84636C18.1143 8.84636 17.5495 9.09585 17.1404 9.49751C15.8763 8.69949 14.2614 8.19094 12.4877 8.1116C12.4888 7.37447 12.8261 6.68731 13.4136 6.22596C14.0022 5.76383 14.7624 5.59076 15.4987 5.75083L15.5998 5.7728C15.5988 5.79761 15.596 5.82193 15.596 5.84698C15.596 6.86703 16.4408 7.69395 17.4829 7.69395C18.525 7.69395 19.3698 6.86703 19.3698 5.84698C19.3698 4.82689 18.525 4 17.4829 4C16.8128 4 16.2258 4.34286 15.891 4.85813L15.7102 4.81881C14.6835 4.59551 13.6238 4.83693 12.8033 5.48124C11.9838 6.12477 11.5135 7.08335 11.5124 8.1116C9.73916 8.1909 8.12451 8.6992 6.86056 9.49685C6.45143 9.09512 5.88576 8.84632 5.2604 8.84632C4.01203 8.84636 3 9.83693 3 11.0589C3 11.9103 3.49219 12.6479 4.21251 13.0178C4.15781 13.2917 4.12903 13.5718 4.12903 13.8568C4.12903 17.036 7.65297 19.6133 12 19.6133C16.347 19.6133 19.8709 17.036 19.8709 13.8568C19.8709 13.5719 19.8422 13.292 19.7875 13.0182C20.5079 12.6483 21 11.9104 21 11.0589ZM17.4831 4.95483C17.9857 4.95483 18.3946 5.35509 18.3946 5.84712C18.3946 6.3391 17.9857 6.73936 17.4831 6.73936C16.9804 6.73936 16.5715 6.3391 16.5715 5.84712C16.5715 5.35509 16.9804 4.95483 17.4831 4.95483ZM3.97548 11.0587C3.97548 10.3652 4.55196 9.80089 5.26055 9.80089C5.56403 9.80089 5.84259 9.90495 6.06238 10.078C5.3749 10.6553 4.84266 11.3339 4.5122 12.079C4.18765 11.8509 3.97548 11.479 3.97548 11.0587ZM16.9817 17.1623C15.6625 18.127 13.8933 18.6584 11.9999 18.6584C10.1065 18.6584 8.33728 18.127 7.01812 17.1623C5.78399 16.2597 5.1043 15.0857 5.1043 13.8566C5.1043 12.6275 5.78399 11.4535 7.01812 10.551C8.33728 9.58618 10.1065 9.05484 11.9999 9.05484C13.8933 9.05484 15.6625 9.58618 16.9817 10.551C18.2158 11.4535 18.8955 12.6275 18.8955 13.8566C18.8955 15.0857 18.2158 16.2597 16.9817 17.1623ZM19.4875 12.0785C19.1569 11.3335 18.6247 10.655 17.9374 10.0778C18.1572 9.90478 18.4359 9.80089 18.7394 9.80089C19.448 9.80089 20.0245 10.3652 20.0245 11.0587C20.0244 11.479 19.812 11.8504 19.4875 12.0785Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M9.12491 13.5202C9.69333 13.5202 10.1541 13.0692 10.1541 12.5128C10.1541 11.9564 9.69333 11.5054 9.12491 11.5054C8.5565 11.5054 8.0957 11.9564 8.0957 12.5128C8.0957 13.0692 8.5565 13.5202 9.12491 13.5202Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M14.8744 13.5197C15.4428 13.5197 15.9036 13.0687 15.9036 12.5123C15.9036 11.9559 15.4428 11.5049 14.8744 11.5049C14.306 11.5049 13.8452 11.9559 13.8452 12.5123C13.8452 13.0687 14.306 13.5197 14.8744 13.5197Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M14.4392 14.9606C13.7136 15.6076 12.7731 15.9639 11.7908 15.9639C10.6878 15.9639 9.6658 15.5288 8.91319 14.7387C8.72954 14.5459 8.42095 14.5354 8.22395 14.7152C8.02694 14.8949 8.01618 15.197 8.19986 15.3898C9.12539 16.3614 10.4343 16.9186 11.7908 16.9186C13.0167 16.9186 14.1905 16.4738 15.0961 15.6663C15.2951 15.4887 15.3095 15.1868 15.1281 14.9919C14.9468 14.7972 14.6385 14.7829 14.4392 14.9606Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Email" class="o-in o-email-in" viewbox="3 3 18 18" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Email</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M21 6.60714C21 5.72321 20.2768 5 19.3929 5H4.60714C3.72321 5 3 5.72321 3 6.60714V7.41071L11.6518 11.6964C11.8661 11.8036 12.1339 11.8036 12.3482 11.6964L21 7.41071V6.60714Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M4.60714 18.4466H19.3929C20.2768 18.4466 21 17.7234 21 16.8394V8.61621L12.8304 12.6609C12.5625 12.7948 12.2946 12.8484 12 12.8484C11.7054 12.8484 11.4375 12.7948 11.1696 12.6609L3 8.61621V16.8394C3 17.7234 3.72321 18.4466 4.60714 18.4466Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><!--]--></div></div></div><div><div id="pned-newsletter" style="m-width:300px;"><hr class="mb-4"><div class="newsletter-article pb-8"><div class="newsletter-home grid small"><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only closer-x p-button-round p-button-sm p-button-text" type="button" aria-label="Dismiss newsletter signup form"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-tim p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button><div class="pr-6 l-12 lg:l-3 pr-3 pb-2"><div class="h4">Never miss a story</div></div><div class="l-12 lg:l-7 xl:l-5 l-offset-0 xl:l-offset-1"><!----><div class="mt-2"><div class="email-llector-form"><span class="flex flex-lumn lg:flex-row" style="gap:1rem;"><div class="flex-grow-1"><span class="p-put-in-right w-full"><i class="altDignIn subm-in" data-style-mo="flt"><button class="p-button p-ponent p-button-in-only subm-btn p-button-round p-button-outled" type="button" aria-label="Sign up"><!--[--><!----><span class="pi pi-arrow-right p-button-in"></span><span class="p-button-label"> </span><!----><!--]--></button></i><span class="field"><label class="" for="email">Email addrs</label><put class="p-puttext p-ponent w-full p-puttext-lg alt-sign" value style="paddg-right:40px;" type="email" placeholr="" aria-label="sign up" aria-scribedby="email-addrs-field" toplete="email" name="email"></span></span><!----><div class="field-checkbox mt-3 mb-0"><div class="p-checkbox p-ponent p-checkbox-checked" role="checkbox" aria-checked="te"><div class="p-hidn-accsible"><put type="checkbox" class="" style="" checked aria-label="Toggle agreement to the terms"></div><div class="p-checkbox-box p-highlight"><span class="p-checkbox-in pi pi-check"></span></div></div><label for="bary"><!--[--> By submtg your rmatn, you're agreeg to receive munitns om New York Public Rad acrdance wh our <a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flexible-lk external" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Terms<!--]--></a>. <!--]--></label></div></div><!----></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="l overflow-hidn"><div class="mb-4 xxl:mb-6 relative"><figure class="image-wh-ptn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><div class="flexible-lk null image-wh-ptn-image-lk disabled image-wh-ptn-image-lk disabled" aria-hidn="false" tabx="0" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="simple-rponsive-image-holr" style="aspect-rat:3 / 2;"><!----><img class="image native-image prime-img-class" srcset="" src="|format-webp|webpqualy-70" width="700" height="467" style="" alt="" loadg="eager"></div><!--]--></div><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure><!----></div><div class="block xxl:hidn mb-5"><hr class="black"><div class="byle pt-4"><div class="one-thor thor flex"><div class="thor-imag flex flex-wrap"><!--[--><div class="thor-image"><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><img src="/" alt loadg="lazy"><!--]--></a></div><!--]--></div><div class="flex flex-lumn gap-125"><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Garth Johnston<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div><div class="date-published"><p class="type-ptn">Published Feb 16, 2012</p><p class="type-ptn">Modified Feb 16, 2012</p></div><!----></div></div><div><hr class="mt-4"><div class="v-share-tools group mt-3 mt-3"><p class="label">Share</p><!--[--><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Facebook" class="o-in o-facebook-in" viewbox="2 2 20 20" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Facebook</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M9.34783 9H7V12H9.34783V21H13.2609V12H16.1111L16.3913 9H13.2609V7.74975C13.2609 7.0335 13.4111 6.75 14.1335 6.75H16.3913V3H13.4111C10.5969 3 9.34783 4.18725 9.34783 6.46125V9Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Twter" class="o-in o-twter-in" viewbox="2 2 20 20" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Twter</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M22.2894 5.98424C21.5429 6.32111 20.7406 6.54798 19.8986 6.65024C20.7584 6.1269 21.4186 5.29762 21.7289 4.30937C20.9249 4.79404 20.0339 5.14638 19.0854 5.33629C18.327 4.51389 17.2441 4 16.047 4C13.3595 4 11.3847 6.54884 11.9917 9.19478C8.53319 9.01862 5.46611 7.33429 3.41265 4.77428C2.32209 6.67602 2.84708 9.16385 4.70018 10.4237C4.0188 10.4013 3.3763 10.2114 2.8158 9.8943C2.77015 11.8545 4.15237 13.6883 6.15425 14.0965C5.5684 14.2581 4.92675 14.2959 4.2741 14.1687C4.80332 15.8496 6.34024 17.0725 8.1629 17.1068C6.41294 18.5016 4.20816 19.1246 2 18.8599C3.84211 20.0604 6.03083 20.7608 8.38102 20.7608C16.1096 20.7608 20.476 14.1257 20.2123 8.17473C21.0255 7.57748 21.7314 6.83242 22.2894 5.98424Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Redd" class="o-in o-redd-in" viewbox="3 3 18 18" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Redd</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M21 11.0589C21 9.83693 19.988 8.84636 18.7396 8.84636C18.1143 8.84636 17.5495 9.09585 17.1404 9.49751C15.8763 8.69949 14.2614 8.19094 12.4877 8.1116C12.4888 7.37447 12.8261 6.68731 13.4136 6.22596C14.0022 5.76383 14.7624 5.59076 15.4987 5.75083L15.5998 5.7728C15.5988 5.79761 15.596 5.82193 15.596 5.84698C15.596 6.86703 16.4408 7.69395 17.4829 7.69395C18.525 7.69395 19.3698 6.86703 19.3698 5.84698C19.3698 4.82689 18.525 4 17.4829 4C16.8128 4 16.2258 4.34286 15.891 4.85813L15.7102 4.81881C14.6835 4.59551 13.6238 4.83693 12.8033 5.48124C11.9838 6.12477 11.5135 7.08335 11.5124 8.1116C9.73916 8.1909 8.12451 8.6992 6.86056 9.49685C6.45143 9.09512 5.88576 8.84632 5.2604 8.84632C4.01203 8.84636 3 9.83693 3 11.0589C3 11.9103 3.49219 12.6479 4.21251 13.0178C4.15781 13.2917 4.12903 13.5718 4.12903 13.8568C4.12903 17.036 7.65297 19.6133 12 19.6133C16.347 19.6133 19.8709 17.036 19.8709 13.8568C19.8709 13.5719 19.8422 13.292 19.7875 13.0182C20.5079 12.6483 21 11.9104 21 11.0589ZM17.4831 4.95483C17.9857 4.95483 18.3946 5.35509 18.3946 5.84712C18.3946 6.3391 17.9857 6.73936 17.4831 6.73936C16.9804 6.73936 16.5715 6.3391 16.5715 5.84712C16.5715 5.35509 16.9804 4.95483 17.4831 4.95483ZM3.97548 11.0587C3.97548 10.3652 4.55196 9.80089 5.26055 9.80089C5.56403 9.80089 5.84259 9.90495 6.06238 10.078C5.3749 10.6553 4.84266 11.3339 4.5122 12.079C4.18765 11.8509 3.97548 11.479 3.97548 11.0587ZM16.9817 17.1623C15.6625 18.127 13.8933 18.6584 11.9999 18.6584C10.1065 18.6584 8.33728 18.127 7.01812 17.1623C5.78399 16.2597 5.1043 15.0857 5.1043 13.8566C5.1043 12.6275 5.78399 11.4535 7.01812 10.551C8.33728 9.58618 10.1065 9.05484 11.9999 9.05484C13.8933 9.05484 15.6625 9.58618 16.9817 10.551C18.2158 11.4535 18.8955 12.6275 18.8955 13.8566C18.8955 15.0857 18.2158 16.2597 16.9817 17.1623ZM19.4875 12.0785C19.1569 11.3335 18.6247 10.655 17.9374 10.0778C18.1572 9.90478 18.4359 9.80089 18.7394 9.80089C19.448 9.80089 20.0245 10.3652 20.0245 11.0587C20.0244 11.479 19.812 11.8504 19.4875 12.0785Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M9.12491 13.5202C9.69333 13.5202 10.1541 13.0692 10.1541 12.5128C10.1541 11.9564 9.69333 11.5054 9.12491 11.5054C8.5565 11.5054 8.0957 11.9564 8.0957 12.5128C8.0957 13.0692 8.5565 13.5202 9.12491 13.5202Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M14.8744 13.5197C15.4428 13.5197 15.9036 13.0687 15.9036 12.5123C15.9036 11.9559 15.4428 11.5049 14.8744 11.5049C14.306 11.5049 13.8452 11.9559 13.8452 12.5123C13.8452 13.0687 14.306 13.5197 14.8744 13.5197Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M14.4392 14.9606C13.7136 15.6076 12.7731 15.9639 11.7908 15.9639C10.6878 15.9639 9.6658 15.5288 8.91319 14.7387C8.72954 14.5459 8.42095 14.5354 8.22395 14.7152C8.02694 14.8949 8.01618 15.197 8.19986 15.3898C9.12539 16.3614 10.4343 16.9186 11.7908 16.9186C13.0167 16.9186 14.1905 16.4738 15.0961 15.6663C15.2951 15.4887 15.3095 15.1868 15.1281 14.9919C14.9468 14.7972 14.6385 14.7829 14.4392 14.9606Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><button class="v-share-tools-em share-button"><svg role="img" aria-label="Email" class="o-in o-email-in" viewbox="3 3 18 18" width="40" height="40" prerveaspectrat="xMidYMid meet" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Email</tle><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M21 6.60714C21 5.72321 20.2768 5 19.3929 5H4.60714C3.72321 5 3 5.72321 3 6.60714V7.41071L11.6518 11.6964C11.8661 11.8036 12.1339 11.8036 12.3482 11.6964L21 7.41071V6.60714Z" fill="black"></path><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M4.60714 18.4466H19.3929C20.2768 18.4466 21 17.7234 21 16.8394V8.61621L12.8304 12.6609C12.5625 12.7948 12.2946 12.8484 12 12.8484C11.7054 12.8484 11.4375 12.7948 11.1696 12.6609L3 8.61621V16.8394C3 17.7234 3.72321 18.4466 4.60714 18.4466Z" fill="black"></path></svg></button><!--]--></div></div></div><hr class="mt-3 mb-5"></div><div class="article-donatn-CTA"><div class="h6">We rely on your support to make lol news available to all</div><p class="type-textlk2 no-unrle"> Make your ntributn now and help Gothamist thrive 2023. <a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" class="thor-name flexible-lk external thor-name" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--> Donate today <!--]--></a></p></div></div><div class="l-fixed hidn lg:block"><div><div class="ad-wrapper rectangle"><div class="htlad-gothamist_terr_rectangle_topper"></div></div><p class="type-feprt">Gothamist is fund by sponsors and member donatns</p></div></div></div><div class="grid gutter-x-30"><div class="l-fixed hidn xxl:block"></div><div class="l overflow-hidn article-lumn"><div class="streamfield article-body"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="streamfield-embed streamfield-embed-fualt streamfield-paragraph mb-7 youtube"><p></p><p>In the years between <a href=">Stonewall</a> and the AIDS crisis, New York Cy was somethg of a hotbed of homosexual activy. Especially the <a href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wt Village and on the piers lg the Hudson</a>. The piers pecially were regularly ed for sunbathg, cisg and more. So what did that look like? On a sunny day, somethg like this:</p><p><iame width="640" height="480" src=" ameborr="0" allowfullscreen=""></iame></p><p>Of urse not everyone was to gettg on outsi, and for them optns clud gog unrneath the then-elevated Wt Si Highway or headg to the nearby Pier 48, "a rottg woon stcture where sex uld be had anytime of the day or the night." That one <a href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">looked like this</a>. Want a better sense of what those piers were like at night? Might as well start wh Edmund Whe (check out the <a href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">first few pag</a> of this one).</p><p>Tim have very much changed sce the 1970s, but a portn of the gay populatn still flock to the Wt Si piers (specifilly the Christopher Street pier), however now stead of sexual liberatn they have <a href=">bter neighbors</a>. [h/t <a href=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kenh the 212</a>]</p></div><!--]--><!--]--></div><div class="below-body"><!----></div><!----></div></div></div></sectn><sectn><div id="pned-newsletter-end" class="ntent"><div class="grid gutter-x-30"><div class="l-fixed hidn xxl:block"></div><div class="l w-full"><div class="article-footer"><div class="tags flex align-ems-start mb-4 md:mb-6"><p class="type-ptn mr-3">Tagged</p><div class="flex gap-1 align-ems-center flex-wrap"><!--[--><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/1970s" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled 1970s"><span class="p-button-label">1970s</span></div><!--]--></a></span><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/cisg" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled cisg"><span class="p-button-label">cisg</span></div><!--]--></a></span><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/flashback" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled flashback"><span class="p-button-label">flashback</span></div><!--]--></a></span><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/gay" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled gay"><span class="p-button-label">gay</span></div><!--]--></a></span><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/homosexuals" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled homosexuals"><span class="p-button-label">homosexuals</span></div><!--]--></a></span><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/manhattan" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled manhattan"><span class="p-button-label">manhattan</span></div><!--]--></a></span><span class="v-tag tag-small"><a href="/tags/wt-si-piers" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled wt si piers"><span class="p-button-label">wt si piers</span></div><!--]--></a></span><!--]--></div></div><hr class="black mb-4 md:mb-6"><div class="grid gutter-x-30"><div class="profile-l"><!--[--><div class="thor-profile grid grid-nogutter mb-4 md:mb-6" style="--62b89991:86px;--33221300:60px;"><div class="l-fixed profile"><div class="thor-image"><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><img src="/" loadg="lazy" alt><!--]--></a></div></div><div class="l flex flex-lumn gap-2"><div class="flex flex-lumn align-ems-start gap-2 md:flex-row md:align-ems-center"><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal no-unrle no-unrle" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h5">Garth Johnston</div><!--]--></a><span><div class="v-share-tools group"><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></span></div><!----><a href="/staff/garth-johnston" class="flexible-lk ternal type-textlk1 type-textlk1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Read more<!--]--></a></div></div><!--]--><div class="block mx-to block lg:hidn mb-6" style="width:300px;"><div><div class="ad-wrapper rectangle"><div class="htlad-gothamist_terr_rectangle_article_b"></div></div><p class="type-feprt">Gothamist is fund by sponsors and member donatns</p></div></div><div id="ments" class="mb-4 md:mb-6"><hr class="black mb-4 md:mb-6"><div class="ments-sectn"><div data-spotim-module="nversatn" data-post-url=" data-article-tags="1970s, cisg, flashback, gay, homosexuals, manhattan, wt si piers" data-post-id="509619"></div></div></div></div><div class="l-fixed mx-to hidn lg:block"><div><div class="ad-wrapper rectangle"><div class="htlad-gothamist_terr_rectangle_article_b"></div></div><p class="type-feprt">Gothamist is fund by sponsors and member donatns</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><hr class="black"><p role="headg" aria-level="2" class="type-label3 mt-2 mb-4"> MORE arts-entertament</p><div class="recirculatn"><!----><div><div class="left-feature"><div class="grid gutter-x-30"><div class="l-12 xl:l-8"><div class="v-rd gothamist-rd article-lg mod-vertil mod-featured2 mod-large mb-4 article-lg mod-vertil mod-featured2 mod-large mb-4" hiimage="false" hitags="te" trackclicks="te" trackgponent="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentlotn="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentposn="1"><div class="rd-image-lk rd-image-wrapper"><figure class="image-wh-ptn rd-image w-full hidn" role="prentatn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><a href="/arts-entertament/where-to-take-the-kids--nyc" class="flexible-lk ternal image-wh-ptn-image-lk image-wh-ptn-image-lk" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure><figure class="image-wh-ptn rd-image w-full" role="prentatn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><a href="/arts-entertament/where-to-take-the-kids--nyc" class="flexible-lk ternal image-wh-ptn-image-lk image-wh-ptn-image-lk" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="simple-rponsive-image-holr addPoter" style="aspect-rat:3 / 2;"><!----><img class="image native-image prime-img-class" srcset="" src="|format-webp|webpqualy-80" width="897" height="598" style="" alt="" loadg="eager"></div><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure></div><div class="rd-tails"><!----><div class="rd-tle" role="headg" aria-level="3"><!--[--><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--]--><a href="/arts-entertament/where-to-take-the-kids--nyc" class="flexible-lk ternal rd-tle-lk rd-tle-lk" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h2">Kids visg NYC? 20 fun ias for where to take them</div><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----><div class="rd-slot"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="article-metadata v-rd-metadata alt-sign mt-0 md:mt-2"><div class="grid w-full gutter-x-xxl flex-grow-1"><div class="l-12 md:l-6 separator"><p class="sc">The ia are not too bad for grownups, eher.</p></div><div class="l-12 md:l-6"><div class="byle"><div class="one-thor thor flex"><div class="thor-imag flex flex-wrap"><!--[--><div class="thor-image"><a href="/staff/kerry-shaw" class="flexible-lk ternal raw" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="simple-rponsive-image-holr" style="aspect-rat:1 / 1;"><!----><img class="image native-image prime-img-class" srcset="|format-webp|webpqualy-60 2x " src="|format-webp|webpqualy-70" width="60" height="60" style="" alt="" loadg="lazy"></div><!--]--></a></div><!--]--></div><div class="flex flex-lumn gap-125"><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/kerry-shaw" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Kerry Shaw<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div><div class="date-published"><p class="type-ptn">Published Jul 29, 2023</p><p class="type-ptn">Modified Jul 31, 2023</p></div><!----></div></div><!----></div></div><!----></div></div><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><hr class="block xl:hidn mb-3"></div><div class="l-12 xl:l-4"><div class="v-rd gothamist-rd hidn xl:flex article-md mod-vertil mod-large mb-5 hidn xl:flex article-md mod-vertil mod-large mb-5" hiimage="false" hitags="te" trackclicks="te" trackgponent="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentlotn="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentposn="2" id="ntv-article-1"><div class="rd-image-lk rd-image-wrapper"><figure class="image-wh-ptn rd-image w-full hidn" role="prentatn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><a href="/arts-entertament/beat-the-heat--a-cy-pool-and-more-thgs-to-do-around-nyc--the-g-week" class="flexible-lk ternal image-wh-ptn-image-lk image-wh-ptn-image-lk" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure><figure class="image-wh-ptn rd-image w-full" role="prentatn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><a href="/arts-entertament/beat-the-heat--a-cy-pool-and-more-thgs-to-do-around-nyc--the-g-week" class="flexible-lk ternal image-wh-ptn-image-lk image-wh-ptn-image-lk" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="simple-rponsive-image-holr addPoter" style="aspect-rat:3 / 2;"><!----><img class="image native-image prime-img-class" srcset="|format-webp|webpqualy-80 1x " src="|format-webp|webpqualy-80" width="433" height="289" style="" alt="" loadg="eager"></div><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure></div><div class="rd-tails"><!----><div class="rd-tle" role="headg" aria-level="3"><!--[--><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--]--><a href="/arts-entertament/beat-the-heat--a-cy-pool-and-more-thgs-to-do-around-nyc--the-g-week" class="flexible-lk ternal rd-tle-lk rd-tle-lk" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h2">Beat the heat a cy pool and more thgs to do around NYC the g week</div><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----><div class="rd-slot"><!--[--><!--[--><p>It’s impossible to keep up wh everythg happeng New York Cy arts and culture, but here are some remendatns for events you shouldn’t miss durg the week ahead.</p><div class="article-metadata v-rd-metadata stack"><!--[--><span><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/steve-smh" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Steve Smh<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div></span><!----><!--]--></div><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><div class="v-rd gothamist-rd flex xl:hidn article-md mod-horizontal mod-left tag-small mb-5 flex xl:hidn article-md mod-horizontal mod-left tag-small mb-5" hiimage="false" hitags="false" trackclicks="false" id="ntv-article-1"><div class="rd-image-lk rd-image-wrapper"><figure class="image-wh-ptn rd-image w-full hidn" role="prentatn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><a href="/arts-entertament/beat-the-heat--a-cy-pool-and-more-thgs-to-do-around-nyc--the-g-week" class="flexible-lk ternal image-wh-ptn-image-lk image-wh-ptn-image-lk" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure><figure class="image-wh-ptn rd-image w-full" role="prentatn"><div class="image-wh-ptn-wrapper"><div class="image-wh-ptn-image"><a href="/arts-entertament/beat-the-heat--a-cy-pool-and-more-thgs-to-do-around-nyc--the-g-week" class="flexible-lk ternal image-wh-ptn-image-lk image-wh-ptn-image-lk" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="simple-rponsive-image-holr addPoter" style="aspect-rat:3 / 2;"><!----><img class="image native-image prime-img-class" srcset="|format-webp|webpqualy-80 1x " src="|format-webp|webpqualy-80" width="318" height="212" style="" alt="" loadg="eager"></div><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><figptn class="mt-1"><!----><!----><!----></figptn></figure></div><div class="rd-tails"><!----><div class="rd-tle" role="headg" aria-level="3"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="v-tag"><a href="/arts-entertament" class="flexible-lk ternal" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="p-button p-button-round p-button-outled Arts & Entertament"><span class="p-button-label">Arts & Entertament</span></div><!--]--></a></span><!--]--><!----><!--]--><a href="/arts-entertament/beat-the-heat--a-cy-pool-and-more-thgs-to-do-around-nyc--the-g-week" class="flexible-lk ternal rd-tle-lk rd-tle-lk" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h2">Beat the heat a cy pool and more thgs to do around NYC the g week</div><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----><div class="rd-slot"><!--[--><!--[--><p>It’s impossible to keep up wh everythg happeng New York Cy arts and culture, but here are some remendatns for events you shouldn’t miss durg the week ahead.</p><div class="article-metadata v-rd-metadata"><!--[--><span><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/steve-smh" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Steve Smh<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div></span><!----><!--]--></div><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><hr class="my-3"><div style="--57c40c15:930px;"><div class="horz-scroll-holr"><div class="horz-scroll"><div class="grid gutter-x-xl keep-gutter horz-scroll-ntent"><!--[--><div class="l-12 xl:l-12 flex-lumn xl:flex-row xl:flex-lumn un flex"><!--[--><div class="v-rd gothamist-rd article-sm mod-horizontal mod-small mb-3 tag-small article-sm mod-horizontal mod-small mb-3 tag-small" hiimage="te" hitags="te" trackclicks="te" trackgponent="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentlotn="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentposn="3"><!----><div class="rd-tails"><!----><div class="rd-tle" role="headg" aria-level="3"><!--[--><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--]--><a href="/arts-entertament/staten-island-fashn--to-the-foreont--a-new-exhibn-at-snug-harbor" class="flexible-lk ternal rd-tle-lk rd-tle-lk" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h2">Staten Island fashn to the foreont a new exhibn at Snug Harbor</div><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----><div class="rd-slot"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="article-metadata v-rd-metadata"><!--[--><span><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/prec-fondren" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Prec Fondren<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div></span><!----><!--]--></div><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="l-12 xl:l-12 flex-lumn xl:flex-row xl:flex-lumn un flex"><!--[--><div class="v-rd gothamist-rd article-sm mod-horizontal mod-small mb-3 tag-small article-sm mod-horizontal mod-small mb-3 tag-small" hiimage="te" hitags="te" trackclicks="te" trackgponent="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentlotn="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentposn="4"><!----><div class="rd-tails"><!----><div class="rd-tle" role="headg" aria-level="3"><!--[--><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--]--><a href="/arts-entertament/beyoncénomics-why-some-nyc-and-nj-bs-might-see-pre-show-spik" class="flexible-lk ternal rd-tle-lk rd-tle-lk" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h2">Beyoncénomics: Why some NYC and NJ bs might see pre-show spik</div><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----><div class="rd-slot"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="article-metadata v-rd-metadata"><!--[--><span><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/veróni-l-valle" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Veróni Del Valle<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div></span><!----><!--]--></div><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="l-12 xl:l-12 flex-lumn xl:flex-row xl:flex-lumn un flex"><!--[--><div class="v-rd gothamist-rd article-sm mod-horizontal mod-small mb-3 tag-small article-sm mod-horizontal mod-small mb-3 tag-small" hiimage="te" hitags="te" trackclicks="te" trackgponent="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentlotn="Recirculatn Module" trackgponentposn="5"><!----><div class="rd-tails"><!----><div class="rd-tle" role="headg" aria-level="3"><!--[--><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--]--><a href="/arts-entertament/renaissance-fare-5-ways-to-celebrate-beyoncé-g-to-nj-this-weekend" class="flexible-lk ternal rd-tle-lk rd-tle-lk" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><div class="h2">'Renaissance' fare: 5 ways to celebrate Beyoncé g to NJ this weekend</div><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----><div class="rd-slot"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="article-metadata v-rd-metadata"><!--[--><span><div class="v-byle">By <!--[--><!--[--><div class="v-byle-un"><a href="/staff/prec-fondren" class="flexible-lk ternal v-byle-thor-name v-byle-thor-name" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Prec Fondren<!--]--></a><!----><!----><!----></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div></span><!----><!--]--></div><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-6 mb-5"><hr class="black mb-4"><div class="newsletter-home grid"><!----><div class="pr-3 l-12 lg:l-3 pr-3 pb-2"><div class="h4">Never miss a story</div></div><div class="l-12 lg:l-7 xl:l-5 l-offset-0 xl:l-offset-1"><p class="type-paragraph2 pr-0 lg:pr-8 xl:pr-0"> Catch up on the most important headl wh a roundup of sential NYC stori, livered to your box daily. </p><div class="mt-5"><div class="email-llector-form"><span class="flex flex-lumn lg:flex-row" style="gap:1rem;"><div class="flex-grow-1"><span class="p-put-in-right w-full"><i class="subm-in" data-style-mo="flt"><button class="p-button p-ponent subm-btn p-button-round" type="button" aria-label="Sign up"><!--[--><!----><!----><span class="p-button-label">Sign up</span><!----><!--]--></button></i><span class="field"><label class="" for="email">Email addrs</label><put class="p-puttext p-ponent w-full p-puttext-lg" value style="paddg-right:40px;" type="email" placeholr="" aria-label="sign up" aria-scribedby="email-addrs-field" toplete="email" name="email"></span></span><!----><div class="field-checkbox mt-3 mb-0"><div class="p-checkbox p-ponent p-checkbox-checked" role="checkbox" aria-checked="te"><div class="p-hidn-accsible"><put type="checkbox" class="" style="" checked aria-label="Toggle agreement to the terms"></div><div class="p-checkbox-box p-highlight"><span class="p-checkbox-in pi pi-check"></span></div></div><label for="bary"><!--[--> By submtg your rmatn, you're agreeg to receive munitns om New York Public Rad acrdance wh our <a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flexible-lk external" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Terms<!--]--></a>. <!--]--></label></div></div><!----></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></sectn></div><!--]--></div></ma><sectn id="gothamist-footer" class="gothamist-footer" data-style-mo="dark" aria-label="gothamist footer"><div class="ntent" style="paddg-bottom:25px"><div class="top grid"><div class="hidn lg:flex lg:l-3 xl:l-4 p-0"><div class="menu" data-v-36bbdbda><!----><div class="menu-list" data-v-36bbdbda><!--[--><a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flexible-lk external" data-v-36bbdbda style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Advertisg<!--]--></a><a href="/ntact/" class="flexible-lk ternal" data-v-36bbdbda style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Contact Us<!--]--></a><a href="/our-team/" class="flexible-lk ternal" data-v-36bbdbda style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Our Team<!--]--></a><a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flexible-lk external" data-v-36bbdbda style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->RSS Feed<!--]--></a><a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flexible-lk external" data-v-36bbdbda style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Diversy (DEI)<!--]--></a><a to=" target="_blank" raw="false" rawhover="none" href=" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flexible-lk external" data-v-36bbdbda style="--31356108:none;"><!--[-->Careers<!--]--></a><!--]--></div></div></div><div class="l-12 lg:l-9 xl:l-8 right p-0"><div class="logo-lockup"><a href="/" class="flexible-lk ternal gothamist-logo gothamist-logo" style="--31356108:none;"><!--[--><svg role="img" class="gothamist-logo" aria-label="Gothamist" width="1109" height="230" viewbox="0 0 1109 230" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Gothamist

gay sex in the 1970s

Gay Sex the 70s is a 2005 Amerin documentary film about gay sexual culture New York Cy the 1970s. The film was directed by Joseph Lovett and enpass the twelve years of sexual eedom bookend by the Stonewall rts of 1969 and the...

Contents:

GAY SEX THE 70S

* gay sex in the 1970s *

Adventure (1)Award (2)Award Wner (1)Awome (3)Ayatollah Khomei (1)Azizi Johari (1)B-1 Bomber (1)Bab (13)Babyster Eroti A Forbidn Erotic Olr & Younger Romance Short Story Of Love & Deceptn (1)Ban (1)Bad Boys In Blue Fertile Erotic Romance Quik Read Collectn (1)Bad Edutn (1)Bad Girls Club (1)Bad Guys (2)Baek (1)Bahely Legal (1)Bailey Rayne (1)Ba A Dark Erotic Thriller (1)Baker Street The Mystery Of The Black Dove Erotic Fetish Tal (1)Baltimore Charm (1)Banger (1)Banger Racg (1)Barav Legal (1)Barbara Corser (1)Barcelona (2)Bareback (2)Bareiy Legal (1)Bare Knuckle Love (biker Gay Dark Erotic Romance) (1)Bar Ely (1)Barely (85)Barely Legal (86)Barely Legal 2022 (1)Barely Legal Latt (1)Barely Legal September 2022 (1)Barker (1)Barkg (5)Barkg News (2)Barrie Shaw (1)Barry Swzer (1)Bartered Dire The Billnaire's Wife (1)Bartered Passn The Billnaire's Wife (1)Baseball (2)Baseball Preview (1)Baseball Previews (1)Basketball (1)Basketball Previews (1)Bathurst (1)Batman (2)Battle Of The Sex (1)Battltar Galacti (1)Ber (41)Ber Consumer (9)Ber Media (36)Bayern (2)Bayern Munich (2)Baywatch (1)Bbc (63)Bbc News (42)Bbc Three (1)Bbcumboi (18)Bbcumboy (2)Bbq (3)Bc14 (1)Bc15 (1)Bc16 (1)Bc17 (1)Bc18 (1)Bc19 (1)Bc20 (1)Bc21 (1)Bc22 (1)Bc23 (1)Bc24 (1)Bc25 (1)Bc26 (1)Bc27 (1)Bc28 (1)Bc29 (1)Bc30 (1)Bc31 (1)Bc32 (1)Bc33 (1)Bc35 (1)Bc36 (1)Bc37 (1)Bc38 (1)Bc39 (1)Bc40 (1)Bc41 (1)Bc42 (1)Bc43 (1)Bc44 (1)Bc45 (1)Bc46 (1)Bc47 (1)Bc48 (1)Bc49 (1)Bc50 (1)Bc51 (1)Bc52 (1)Bc53 (1)Bc54 (1)Bc55 (1)Bc56 (1)Bc57 (1)Bc58 (1)Bc59 (1)Bc60 (1)Bc61 (1)Bc62 (1)Bc63 (1)Bc64 (1)Bc65 (1)Bc66 (1)Bc67 (1)Bc68 (1)Bc69 (1)Bc70 (1)Bc71 (1)Bc72 (1)Bc72ce (1)Bc73 (1)BD (20)BDSM (38)Bdsm (2)BDSM Fetish Latex Leather Crossdrsg Corsets Boots Fashn (1)Beach (1)Beach Ciser (1)Beach Girls Sexy Calendar 2022 (1)Beach Volleyball (1)Beastly Ratg (1)Beatniks (1)Beti2008 (1)Betiful (1)Betiful Girls (1)Bety (2)Betymute Magaze 198 NUDE SPECIAL (1)Bebe Buell (1)Bed (1)Beseme Magaze (48)Bedford Road (1)Bedroom Babe (1)Bedtime Stori A Collectn Of Erotic Fairy Tal (1)Beese (1)Beefke (2)Beer (8)Before Pornography Erotic Wrg In Early Morn England ( Studi In The History Of Sexualy) (1)Began (2)Belda Carlise (1)Bellew (1)Belly (1)Ben (1)Ben Arra (1)Benedikte Anrsen (1)Ben Gazzara (1)Benic Del Toro (1)Ben Kgsley (1)Ben Ste (8)Bernard Goldberg (1)Bernard Rose (1)Berra (1)Berto (1)Bt (19)Bt Director (1)Bt Erotic Romance By Krista Wright (1)Bt Of All-Time (1)Bt Of Sports 2021 (1)Bt Of VOLO In Nature Nu Landsp WORLD' S No 1 NUDE ART MAGAZINE (1)Bt Origal (1)Bt Physil (19)Bt Picture (1)Bt Sex (20)Bt Thg (1)Bt Time (1)Bt Vehicle (1)Bet Ari (1)Beth (2)Bethany (1)Bethany Lily (1)Beth Humphreys (1)Beth Ostrosky (1)Bettie Paige (1)Beverly (21)Biffy Clyro (1)Big Boob (1)Big Brother (16)Big Butt Woman (1)Big Game Huntg (1)Biggt Pet (1)Biggt Sexual (2)Big Man (1)Big Money (1)Big Night (1)Big Short (1)Bija (2)Bike Lock (1)Biker (1)Biki (1)Bill Cosby (1)Billed Msag (1)Billie (1)Billie Jean Kg (1)Billie Joe Armstrong (1)Billie Rabird (1)Billn (2)Billn Dollar (1)Billn Years (1)Bill Lear (1)Bill Maher (1)Bill Payers (1)Billy Bob Thornton (1)Billy Carter (2)B Lan (1)Birth Control Pills (1)Birthday Cake (1)Bishop (1)Bten Dark Erotic Stori (1)Bizarre (1)Black And Whe Photography (1)Black Label (4)Black Metal (1)Blair (5)Blake Lively (2)Blart (1)Blaster (1)Blatter (1)Blog (36)Blog, Pictur, Photos, Showse, LAcumboy, Bbcumboi, Gallery, (1)Blooper (1)Blueboy (1)Blue Jeans (1)Blue Light (1)Blh Magaze (7)Bmw (1)Bob (1)Bobby RIggs (1)Bob Guccne (2)Bob Marley (1)Bob Mizer (1)Bob Saget (1)Bodybuildg (2)Bodyguards (1)Body Language (1)Body Posn (1)Bold (1)Bomba Erotic (1)Bombgs (1)Bond (1)Bondage (8)Bondage Magaze (4)Bond Girls (2)Bondy (1)Bonkers (1)Bonkers Euro (1)Bonnie Large (1)Bonnie Logan (1)Bon Game (1)Boob Olympics (1)Boobs (9)Boob Special (1)Booby (2)Booby Bab (1)Booty (1)Booty Girls Erotic Calendar 2022 (1)Borat (1)Borllos (1)Boris Becker (1)Bossia Dortmund (1)Botezza (1)Boudoir (1)Bounty Hunters (1)Bourbon Street (4)Bout (1)Bowlg Attack (1)Boxi (1)Boxg (6)Box Office (2)Boy (1)Boy Fz (1)Boy Gee (1)Boys (87)Bra (1)Braai (1)Brad (2)Braddon (1)Bran (1)Bran Pulled (1)Brad Pt (1)Bra April (1)Bra Augt (1)Bra Box (6)Bra December (1)Bra June (1)Bra September (1)Brand (1)Bran Howard (1)Bran Rorick (2)Brandon (2)Brandon Lee (1)Bras (1)Breakfast (1)Breakg Bad (1)Breasts (1)Bree (1)Breers Cup (1)Brendan (1)Brett Butler (1)Bridget Moynahan (1)Bridgett Rolls (1)Brisbane (1)Bras Ftt Frhers (1)Brch (1)Brish Grand (2)Brish Magaze (38)Brtany Bger (1)Brtany Dane (1)Brtany Daniel (1)Brt Ldberg (1)Brock Lnar (1)Brody (1)Brooke Berry (1)Brooke Burns (1)Brooke Richards (1)Brooklyn Decker (1)Brothels (2)Brown Fat (1)Brown Paper (1)Bce Jenner (1)Bce Lee (1)Bucket Challenge (1)Buddy (1)Buddy Lentz (1)BUF Magaze (1)Buildg Se (1)Bul (2)Bull Terrier (1)Bum (1)Burgs (1)Burlque (1)Burlque Performer (1)Burton (1)Burt Reynolds (3)Bter (1)Bter Douglas (1)Butt (11)Buttman (5)Butt Sex (2)Buzz Aldr (1)Cabri-Green (1)Calyn (1)Calendar (24)Calendars (1)Calendars--1976 (1)Calendars--1977 (1)Calendars--1978 (1)Calendars--1985 (1)Calendars--1998 (1)Calendars--2001 (1)Calendars--2004 (1)Calendars--2006 (1)Calendars--2008 (1)Calendars--2009 (1)Calendars--2010 (1)Calendars--2011 (1)Calendars--2016 (1)Calendars--2020 (2)Calendars--2021 (2)Calendars--2022 (1)California Star Publitns (2)Calls (1)Calls Cost (1)Calv Harris (1)Calv Johnson (1)Camera (1)Camera Phone (27)Cameron Richardson (1)Canns De Paris 19 1966 (1)Canns De Paris 23 1967 (1)Canns De Paris 25 1967 08 (1)Canns De Paris 34 May 1968 (1)Canns De Paris 35 1968 07 (1)Canns De Paris 36 1968 08 (1)Canns De Paris 37 1968 09 (1)Canns De Paris 38 1968 (1)Canns De Paris 39 1968 11 (1)Canns De Paris 42 1969 (1)Cancer (1)Candice Cassidy (2)Candice Michelle (1)Candy Barr (1)Candyman (1)Canon (1)Canon Eos (1)Capal Punishment (1)Capri (1)Capta (1)Captured Magaze (1)Cara Wakel (1)Car Club (1)Card Frd (1)Card Number (1)Cards Accepted (1)Cards Valid (5)Career (1)Career Instute (2)Cartta (1)Carl Fogarty (1)Carlg (2)Carlg Cup (1)Carmen Electra (2)Carolyn Bosanko (1)Car Reviews (2)Carrie Nelson (1)Carrier Bag (1)Carson Jon (1)Cartel (3)Car Theft (1)Cartoon (1)Case Sensive (1)Casey (1)Casos (1)Cassandra Harrgton (1)Catala Taylor (1)Cate Blanchett (1)Cathere Bell (1)Cathere McCord (1)Cathere Roberts (1)Catholic School (1)Cat Hoe (1)Cats (20)CATS Magazyn Erotyczny (17)CBS (1)Cbs (1)CD (1)CD-ROM (1)CDROM (1)Cech (1)Celeb Centerfold (1)Celebry (2)Celebry Big (4)Celeb Sk Back-issue (1)Celeb Sk Back Issue (1)Celte (1)Celibacy (1)Censorship (2)Cent (1)Centerfold (2)Central Bank (1)Central Intelligence Agency (1)Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (1)Centre Court (1)Cera Vcent (1)Car Chavez (1)Chad (1)Chad Kroeger (1)Chad Mens (1)Challenge (1)Challenge Cup (1)Champns (2)Champnship (1)Champns League (16)Chanelle (1)Channel (1)Chaoyang District (1)Chapman (1)Charlene (1)Charl Berlz (1)Charl F.

WHY BEG “GAY THE ’70S NEW YORK AND L.A. WAS MAGIC” — AND HOW HOLLYWOOD HAS CHANGED (GUT COLUMN)

JEFFREY ESCOFFIER, Sex the Seventi: Gay Porn Cema as an Archive for the History of Amerin Sexualy, Journal of the History of Sexualy, Vol. 26, No. 1 (JANUARY 2017), pp. 88-113 * gay sex in the 1970s *

Hugh (1)Harrison Ford (1)Harry Kane (1)Harry Potter (1)Harry Reasoner (1)Harvard-Radcliffe (1)Hnted (1)Haw (2)Hayn Patiere (1)Haye (1)Hayne (1)Hazel (1)Heart Ano (1)Heather Graham (1)Heather Kozar (1)Heather Rae Young (1)Heather Starlet (1)Heather Vanven (1)Heavyweight (2)Hei Mann (1)Heidi (1)Heidi Fleiss (4)Heidi Montag (1)Helena Bonham (1)Helena Mattsson (1)Helen Cnt (1)Helen Lang (1)Hells (1)Hells Angels (1)Henrson (1)Henry Gibson (1)Henry Kissger (2)Henry Lee Lus (1)Henry Man (2)Herman (1)Hero (1)Herrera (1)Hervé Lewis (1)Hi (1)Hiaway (1)Highly Commend (1)High On Ivory (1)High On Ivory Magaze (5)High School (30)High Street (2)High Tar (1)Hilarie Burton (1)Hilary Duff (1)Hilton Sisters (1)Hdi (3)Hdi Ako (1)Hdi Naman (2)Hiram (1)Hiroshima (2)Historil Erotic Photography (1)H List (1)HIV (5)Hmdia Fhmdia (1)Hmp (1)Hmv (1)Hobie (1)Hobie Eastwell (1)Hockey (2)Hof (1)HOLD IT Featurg Mei Lg (1)Holiday Gift Guis (1)Holly Hagan (1)Hollyoaks (3)Holly Peers (3)Hollywood (5)Hollywood Reporter (1)Homels People (1)Homo (4)Homos (1)Homosexual (132)Homosexual Perdil (2)Homosexuals (1)Homosexuel (12)Homosexul (1)Homy (2)Hongrois (1)Hoomosexual (1)Hope Dworaczyk (1)Hope Dworzczyk (1)Hope Olson (1)Horny (18)Horror Movi (3)Horseracg (1)Hostage Rcue (1)Hot (15)Hot Dat (1)Hot Dog (1)Hot Gam For Md Blowg Sex Erotic Fantasi You And Your Partner Can Try At Home (1)Hot Hatch (1)Hot Magaz (1)Hotmags (1)Hot Pix (1)Hot Rod Hundley (1)Hot Shots (1)Hot Snaps (1)Hottt (1)Hottt Moment (1)Hottt Realy (1)Hot Vios (4)Hoe Doctor (1)Howar (1)Howard Hugh (4)Howard Stern (1)How I Met Your Mother (1)Huey Newton (1)Hugh Hefner (2)Hugh Jackman (1)Hulk Hogan (1)Human Centipe (1)Human Nature (1)Human Pla (1)Human Pony (2)Human Sexualy (2)Humor (2)Humpback Whal (1)Hungarian (1)Hunhi Hunhi (1)Hunnie Magaze (90)Htler (149)Htler Barely Legal (1)Htler Magaze (21)Htler USA (1)Ian McKellen (1)Iast (1)Ibiza (1)Icc Cricket (3)Ice Bucket (1)Ice Imperial (1)Ickey Woods (1)Ida Ljungqvist (1)Idi Am (1)Idt Abroad (1)Iggy Pop (2)Ihe (1)Ihe Enemy (1)Iii (1)Iike (2)Ike (2)Ilh (1)Ilka (1)Illtrated (1)Ilse Hasek (1)Image (2)Image Qualy (1)Imag (2)Immortaly (1)Imogen (1)Imogen Thomas (1)Impotence (1)Inct (1)Increasg (1)Increasg Weight (1)India (6)India Magaze (2)Indian (3)Indian Classil (2)Indian Sut (1)Inflatn (1)Inge Hegeler (1)Ingredients (1)Insomnia Magaze (1)Instagram (2)Instute Method (1)Intel (1)Intel Core (1)Intern (1)Internatnal Football (1)Inter (2)Interviews (1)Interviu (5)Intraveno (1)Intraveno Dg Use (1)Intrigug (1)Inventns (1)ION ( Imag Of Nu) Magaze Issue 3 November 2018 (1)ION ( Imag Of Nu) Magaze Issue 4 December 2018 (1)Ipc (10)Ipc Media (11)Iphone (2)Ipl (1)Iran (1)Iran-Contras (1)Iran Contra (1)Irg (1)Iris (4)Irish Language (3)Irish Republin Army (IRA) (1)Iron Man (1)Iron Man 2 (1)Irvg Wallace (1)Isaac Asimov (1)Isabelle (1)Isis (4)Israel (1)Issue (1)Issue Number (3)Italia (1)Italian (4)Italian Stalln (1)Italy (1)Itv (47)Itv News (42)Itv Nightscreen (1)Ivan Boky (1)Ivy (1)Ivy Rorschach (1)Izabella Miko (1)J-Lo (1)J.

THE LAVENR MENACE FORMSCREATED 1970, "THE WOMAN INTIFIED WOMAN" WAS A MANIFTO OUTLG THE RE PRCIPL OF RADIL LBIANS THAT THE LAVENR MENACE HAND OUT AT THEIR "ZAP" OF THE SEND CONGRS TO UNE WOMEN 1970. THE LAVENR MENACE WAS THE PEJORATIVE NAME GIVEN TO LBIANS BY FEMIST BETTY FRIEDAN. FRIEDAN ARGUED THAT CREASGLY POLICIZED LBIANS WERE A THREAT TO THE FEMIST MOVEMENT AND ULD HURT THE NATNAL MOVEMENT FOR SOCIAL EQUY FOR WOMEN. FRIEDAN WAS A MEMBER OF THE NATNAL ORGANIZATN FOR WOMEN (NOW) AND THEIR STANCE WAS MOST WOMEN FELT AS IF LBIAN ISSU WERE IRRELEVANT TO THEM AND THAT IF THEY WERE TO PARTNER WH LBIANS, WOULD BE HARR TO PH POLICY MAKERS THE RIGHT DIRECTN.THE TERM WAS RECLAIMED BY LBIANS WH THE WOMEN’S MOVEMENT 1970 WHO MAND CLN AND REGNN. SOME STAFF MEMBERS OM NOW RIGNED OM THEIR JOBS TO JO THE GROUP. THAT SAME YEAR MEMBERS OF THE LAVENR MENACE DISPTED THE SEND CONGRS TO UNE WOMEN, A NFERENCE SPONSORED BY NOW BY CUTTG THE LIGHTS AND CHANGG TO SHIRTS WH THE NAME “LAVENR MENACE” ON THEMLBIAN RIGHTS WERE CLUD NOW’S SIX KEY ISSU 1971 AND 1977, BETTY FRIEDAN APOLOGIZED FOR HER PERV REMARKS AND ACTIVELY SUPPORTED A ROLUTN AGAST SEXUAL PREFERENCE DISCRIMATN.‍MARSHA P. JOHNSON AND SYLVIA RIVERA FOUND STARMARSHA P. JOHNSON AND SYLVIA RIVERA AT THE 1973 CHRISTOPHER STREET LIBERATN DAY PARA NEW YORK CYMARSHA P. JOHNSON, PART OF THE “VANGUARD” DURG THE STONEWALL RTS, WAS A PROMENT FIGURE OF THE GAY LIBERATN MOVEMENT. SHE AND SYLVIA RIVERA CREATED THE STREET TRANSVTE ACTN REVOLUTNARI (STAR) HOE 1970 TO ADVOTE FOR AND PROVI HOG, FOOD, AND CLOTHG TO LGBTQ HOMELS YOUTH. THE TWO WERE PROMPTED TO ADDRS THE ISSU FOLLOWG THE WESTE HALL S-S WHICH WERE SPARKED BY NEW YORK UNIVERSY’S CISN TO NCEL A SERI OF DANC WHICH CID WH THE FIRST PRI PARA 1970. OVER THE URSE OF FIVE DAYS, PROTTERS PLANNED AND WORKED WHEN RIVERA FIRST GOT THE IA FOR THE STAR HOE. BOTH ACTIVISTS FACED THE CHALLENG OF HOMELSNS AND THROUGH A FUNDRAISG EVENT THEY WERE ABLE TO PURCHASE THE STAR HOE 1970, A 4-BEDROOM APARTMENT THE EAST VILLAGE. THE ANIZATN IS REGNIZED AS THE FIRST SHELTER FOR LGBTQ+ HOMELS YOUTH NORTH AMERI AND ONE OF THE FIRST ANIZATNS LED BY TRANSGENR PEOPLE OF LOR. LBIAN DELEGATE MALE DAVIS BLAZ TRAIL AT DNCIN 1972, MALE DAVIS WAS THE FIRST OUT LBIAN LEGATE ELECTED TO THE DEMOCRATIC NATNAL CONVENTN. DURG THE CONVENTN, SHE LLED FOR THE CLN OF GAY RIGHTS THE PARTY’S PLATFORM FOR THE YEAR. FOLLOWG HER SPEECH, SHE BEME A MEMBER OF THE DEMOCRATIC COMMTEE AND WORKED WH THE PARTY FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF GAYS AND LBIANS. SHE ALSO TGHT THE FIRST URSE ON LBIANISM THE U.S. AT THE UNIVERSY OF BUFFALO NEW YORK. TWENTY STUNTS SIGNED UP FOR “LBIANISM 101” WHICH WAS TGHT AGA UNR THE NAME “WOMEN + WOMEN.” WORLD’S FIRST OUT GAY JUDGE APPOTED IN CALIFORNIA PHOTO BY KAREN OMBA LAWYER, ACTIVIST AND -FOUNR OF THE NATN’S FIRST GAY POLIL ACTN MTEE, STEPHEN LACHS WAS APPOTED BY CALIFORNIA GOVERNOR JERRY BROWN FOR AN OPEN POSN ON THE LOS ANGEL COUNTY SUPERR COURT 1979. HE MA HISTORY AS THE FIRST OUT LGBTQ+ JUDGE THE WORLD AS WELL AS THE FIRST OUT LGBTQ+ APPOTMENT BY GOV. BROWN. IN THE EY OF THOSE WHO SENT HIM ATH THREATS, A CRIMAL WAS ADJUDITG THE LAW. NOHELS, LACHS WAS ELECTED 1980 AND THRICE MORE TIM BEFORE RETIRG 1999 AS A WELL-RPECTED JUDGE AND EXPERT FAY LAW. “I BELIEVE THAT MY BEG A JUDGE CHANGED MANY PERCEPTNS WH THE CALIFORNIA JUDICIARY. JUDG ALL OVER THE STATE HAD TO AL WH A LLEAGUE WHO WAS OPENLY GAY, WHICH IS QUE DIFFERENT THAN READG ABOUT A MAGAZE,” LACHS WROTE AN SAY FOR THE “OUT AND ELECTED THE USA: 1974–2004” PROJECT FOR “I NNOT WRE ABOUT MY REER WHOUT REMEMBERG THE MANY MEN AND WOMEN, MUCH MORE URAGEO THAN I, UNSELFISH, IALISTIC AND WILLG TO RISK EVERYTHG FOR THEIR E, WHO LAID THE GROUNDWORK FOR MY APPOTMENT AND MY SUBSEQUENT FOUR ELECTNS. THEY HAVE BEEN MY SUPPORT AND MY FORT FOR MANY YEARS AND THEY HAVE CHANGED THE HISTORY OF OUR UNTRY.”KATHY KOZACHENKO BE FIRST OUT LGBTQ+ CANDIDATE TO W PUBLIC OFFICE THE U.S.KATHY KOZACHENKO ENTERED LLEGE AT THE UNIVERSY OF MICHIGAN AS A SOCIAL JTICE ADVOTE AND JOED THE HUMAN RIGHTS PARTY – A PRO-FEMIST, PRO-RACIAL JTICE AND PRO-LGBTQ+ PARTY. PARTY OFFICIALS ENURAGED HER TO N FOR ANN ARBOR CY COUNCIL AND TO DO SO AS AN OUT LBIAN. BOTH GERRY DEGRIECK AND NANCY WECHSLER HAD BEEN ELECTED TO THE UNCIL AS HUMAN RIGHTS PARTY MEMBERS BEFORE HER, AND BOTH ME OUT WHILE OFFICE, BEG THE FIRST ELECTED OFFICIALS TO DO SO. BUT KOZACHENKO CID TO TAKE THE PARTY OFFICIALS’ ADVICE AND N HER MPAIGN WHILE OUT – ALTHOUGH SHE DID NOT MAKE HER SEXUAL ORIENTATN CENTRAL TO HER MPAIGN.ON APRIL 2, 1974, A LIBERAL DISTRICT LIBERAL ANN ARBOR, KOZACHENKO FEATED HER OPPONENT BY 52 POTS AND BEME THE FIRST OUT LGBTQ+ PERSON EVER ELECTED THE UNED STAT. THE MICHIGAN DAILY REPORTS ON KATHY KOZACHENKO'S UPSET VICTORY.SHE SPOKE TO HER SEXUAL ORIENTATN HER VICTORY SPEECH:“THIS IS THE FIRST TIME THE HISTORY OF THE U.S. THAT SOMEONE HAS N OPENLY AS A GAY PERSON AND BEEN ELECTED TO PUBLIC OFFICE. GAY LIBERATN WAS NOT A MAJOR ISSUE THE MPAIGN — BOTH NDIDAT THIS WARD SAID THEY SUPPORTED GAY RIGHTS, BUT 10 YEARS AGO, OR EVEN THREE YEARS AGO, LBIANISM WOULD HAVE MEANT TOMATIC FEAT. THIS YEAR WE TALKED ABOUT RENT NTROL. WE TALKED ABOUT THE CY’S BUDGET. WE TALKED ABOUT POLICE PRRI, AND WE HAD A RERD OF ACTN TO N ON. MANY PEOPLE’S ATTUS ABOUT GAYNS ARE STILL FAR OM HEALTHY, BUT MY MPAIGN FORCED SOME PEOPLE AT LEAST TO RE-EXAME THEIR PREJUDIC AND STEREOTYP.”HER MPAIGN WAS THE FIRST SUCCS WHAT WOULD BEE A POLIL MOVEMENT TO BUILD LGBTQ POWER. ON APRIL 2, 2019, WH KOZACHENKO’S BLSG, LGBTQ+ VICTORY INSTUTE LNCHED S ANNUAL NATNAL OUT TO W DAY, TO HONOR HER ACHIEVEMENT AND TO ENURAGE MORE LGBTQ+ PEOPLE TO N FOR OFFICE.‍FIRST OUT STATE LEGISLATOR ELECTED THE U.S.EDUTOR ELAE NOBLE WAS ENURAGED TO N FOR THE MASSACHETTS HOE OF REPRENTATIV 1974 BY FORMER CONGRS MEMBER BARNEY FRANK’S SISTER, ANN WEXLER. THE TWO WOMEN HAD FORMED THE WOMEN’S POLIL CC, AND WEXLER THOUGHT NOBLE WOULD REPRENT HER IRISH CATHOLIC BOSTON DISTRICT WELL, EVEN THOUGH SHE WAS LGBTQ+.IT WAS THE HEIGHT OF SEGREGATN, SO NOBLE RO B WH CHILDREN OF LOR AND HAD MPAIGN WORKERS MONOR SCHOOL B STOPS TO MONSTRATE HER EP BELIEF EQUALY. A GAY NEWSPAPER REPORTER TOLD HER, “YOU SHOULD STICK TO YOUR OWN KD, OR WE’RE GOG TO GET SOMEONE ELSE TO REPRENT .” NOBLE RPOND, “WELL, I BELIEVE, DAVID, I AM STICKG WH MY OWN KD,” ACRDG TO AN TERVIEW NOBLE GAVE RON SCHLTLER FOR HIS “OUT AND ELECTED THE USA: 1974–2004” PROJECT FOR “YOU N’T SAY THAT YOU WANT PROGRS OR CHANGE FOR ONE GROUP AND NOT FOR ANOTHER. IT DON’T HAPPEN THAT WAY.”NOBLE EXPERIENCED SUCH HARASSMENT—OM BOMB THREATS TO BEG SPAT UPON BY AN EIGHTY-FIVE-YEAR-OLD MAN—THAT AT ONE POT SHE MPAIGNED PROTECTED BY STATE TROOPERS. “IT WAS A VERY UGLY MPAIGN. UGLY,” SHE TOLD SCHLTLER. “THERE WAS A LOT OF SHOOTG THROUGH MY WDOWS, STROYG MY R, BREAKG WDOWS AT MY MPAIGN HEADQUARTERS, SER HARASSMENT OF PEOPLE VISG MY HOE AND MPAIGN OFFICE— WAS REALLY BAD.”NOHELS, NOBLE PREVAILED, WNG WH 59 PERCENT OF THE VOTE. THE HARASSMENT, HOWEVER, NTUED AS SHE FOUND HUMAN FEC ON HER SK AND FEND OFF OBSCENE PROFANI. “I JT TRIED TO MATA WH WHAT LEVEL OF DIGNY THAT I ULD,” SHE SAID.EVENTUALLY, MOST OF THE UGLS DIED DOWN, AND NOBLE WON A SEND TERM WH ALMOST 90 PERCENT OF THE VOTE. NOBLE’S DIGNIFIED PERSEVERANCE SPIRED MANY CLOSETED AND POTENTIAL PUBLIC OFFICIALS TO E OUT DURG A DIFFICULT TIME, A LEGACY EVEN MORE LASTG THAN HER TWO TERMS OFFICE.HARVEY MILK ELECTEDHARVEY MILK ON THE MPAIGN TRAIL 1976HARVEY MILK IS TERNATNALLY RENOWNED AS AN LGBTQ+ HERO, HAVG ED HIS POSN AS THE FIRST OUT LGBTQ+ ELECTED OFFICIAL CALIFORNIA TO LOUDLY FIGHT BACK AGAST THE TORNADO OF ANTI-LGBTQ+ DISCRIMATN FURLY WHIPPG THE UNTRY TO A ENZY WH THE RISE OF THE MORAL MAJORY AND ANA BRYANT’S CSA TO “SAVE OUR CHILDREN” 1977. EFFECTIVELY G HIS BULLHORN ON THE SAN FRANCIS BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, MILK HELPED LEAD THE NAIL-BG SUCCSFUL MPAIGN TO STOP THE BRIGGS INIATIVE, WHICH WOULD HAVE PERMTED THE FIRG OF GAY TEACHERS AND THEIR ALLI 1978.AS THE OSR-WNG FICTNALIZED FILM BGRAPHY MILK DITED, HE DID NOT HAVE AN EASY ROAD TO ELECTORAL VICTORY. BUT GLOSSED OVER MILK HISTORI IS THAT AFTER HIS SEND FAILED MPAIGN, HIS CLOSE IEND AND ALLY MAYOR GEE MOSNE APPOTED HIM TO THE BOARD OF PERM APPEALS, MAKG HIM THE FIRST OUT GAY CY MISSNER AMERI. AFTER HIS THIRD FAILED MPAIGN, MILK, HIS MPAIGN MANAGER ANNE KRONENBERG, AND MOSNE ENGEERED A L CHANGE ENABLG NDIDAT TO N OM THEIR DISTRICTS STEAD OF SEEKG AN “AT-LARGE” SEAT. BY 1977, AS GAY SAN FRANCIS CHRONICLE REPORTER RANDY SHILTS LATER WROTE, MILK WAS BOTH A ALN-BUILR AND “THE MAYOR OF CASTRO STREET.” HE WAS ELECTED ON NOVEMBER 8, 1977.SUPERVISOR HARVEY MILK AT MAYOR GEE MOSNE'S SK.MILK BEME NATNALLY FAMO FOR HIS “G OUT” SPEECH. “GAY PEOPLE, WE WILL NOT W OUR RIGHTS BY STAYG QUIETLY OUR CLOSETS,” MILK SAID DURG ONE RALLY AGAST THE ANTI-GAY BRIGGS INIATIVE. AFTER RECEIVG DAILY ATH THREATS, MILK SAID HIS DTAPED WILL: “IF A BULLET SHOULD ENTER MY BRA, LET THAT BULLET STROY EVERY CLOSET DOOR.”ON NOVEMBER 27, 1978, MILK AND MOSNE WERE ASSASSATED BY DISGNTLED FORMER SUPERVISOR DAN WHE, PROMPTG MANY TO E OUT, CLUDG MILK’S TEENAGE NEPHEW STUART MILK, WHO NOW NS THE MILK FOUNDATN. ON AUGT 12, 2009, STUART MILK ACCEPTED THE MEDAL OF FREEDOM, THE NATN’S HIGHT CIVILIAN HONOR, POSTHUMOLY AWARD BY PRINT BARACK OBAMA TO HARVEY MILK FOR HIS “VISNARY URAGE AND NVICTN” FIGHTG DISCRIMATN.ACTIVIST FRANK KAMENY RUNS FOR U.S. CONGRS

Nowadays, gays have sex their apartments—sometim even beds—but back the old days, lots of gays went to all kds of rnchy lol to rry on, om clubs to parks to tcks to bath ho. Let me brg all back to you a pre-Grdr whiff of Poppers and prote. THE TRUCKS Y, t... * gay sex in the 1970s *

104 Mai Ju 2012 (1)Llie Bibb (1)Llie Grav (1)L Mots (1)Lson (1)Lethal (1)Lethal Bizzle (1)Lethal Injectn (1)Lewis Haton (1)Lex (1)Lexi Belle (1)Lfp (68)Lfp Publishg (73)Lgbt (20)LG Girl (1)Lhe (4)Lhu (1)Libby (1)Li Brand (1)Lick (1)Liew (1)LIFE Magaze (1)Life Sentenc (1)Life Span (1)Liftyle (8)Liftyle Magaz (66)Liftg Weights (1)Lighterlife Fast (1)Liks (1)Lili Simmons (1)Lillian Mueller (2)Lily Ivy (1)Lda Carlli (1)Lda Fairste (1)Lda Kenton (1)Ldsay Lohan (2)Ldsey (1)Ldsey Dear (1)Ldsey Gayle Evans (1)Lgerie (5)Lgerie Football League (1)Lk (1)Lkater (1)Lks (18)Lsey Dawn (1)Lns (1)Ln Man (1)Lips (1)Lisa (1)Lisa Knew (1)Lisa Schultz (2)Lisa Sohm (1)List (19)Listg (10)Lerature (33)Lhium Ion (1)Lríocht (1)Ltle Annie Fanny (2)Ltérature Française (34)Live View (1)Livg Room (1)Llc (30)Lol Mic (1)Lois (1)Loli (2)London (1)London Distributors Limed (1)London Enterpris Limed (1)Longley (1)Long Time (2)Lor (7)Loretta Ybarra (1)Lori (2)Lorri Bagley (1)Lorrie Walsh (1)Los (4)Los Angel (8)Los Angel Temptatn (1)Lottery (1)Lottie Gunthart (1)Louann (1)Louis Van (1)Love (47)Love Affair (1)Love Godss (1)Love Island (2)Love Makg (1)Lovers (1)Love Scen (1)Lov Raymond (2)Lovg The Body Black Relig Studi And The Erotic (1)Lowell Weicker (1)Lucian Bute (1)Lucie (1)Lucretia (1)Lucy (1)Lucy Collett (1)Lucy Pr (5)LUI (2)Luis (1)Luisa (1)Le Campbell (1)Lula (1)Lc (1)Lux Interr (1)Lyg (1)Lyndia (2)Lyte Asquh (1)Lynnda Kimball (1)Lynn Johnson (1)Lynn Partgton (1)Lynn Thomas (1)Lynn Turner (1)M-1 Abrams Tank (1)Maati Baani (1)Maaze (1)Ma (1)Ma Men (1)Mau (1)Mache Gun (1)Mackenzie Rosman (1)Macy (1)Madame Butterk (1)Madame Lalrie (1)Madams (1)Madison Riley (1)Mad Men (1)Madns Factor (1)Madonna (2)Madrid (2)Mafia (4)Mag (4)Magaz (2)Magaze (1, 044)MAGAZINE (1)Magaz (250)Magaz--1974 (1)Magaz--1975 (3)Magaz--1977 (3)Magaz--1979 (6)Magaz--1980 (3)Magaz--1981 (3)Magaz--1982 (5)Magaz--1983 (7)Magaz--1984 (3)Magaz--1985 (8)Magaz--1986 (14)Magaz--1987 (10)Magaz--1988 (6)Magaz--1990 (2)Magaz--1991 (1)Magaz--1992 (1)Magaz--1993 (1)Magaz--1994 (2)Magaz--1995 (4)Magaz--1998 (9)Magaz--2000 (8)Magaz--2001 (6)Magaz--2002 (1)Magaz--2003 (4)Magaz--2005 (1)Magaz--2006 (4)Magaz--2008 (12)Magaz--2009 (12)Magaz--2010 (14)Magaz--2010s (2)Magaz--2013 (10)Magaz--2015 (1)Magaz--2016 (1)Magaz Disntued In 2022 (1)Magaze_rack (6)Magazyn (17)Maggi Burton (1)Maggie Grace (1)Magic (1)Magic Number (1)Mail (1)Mail Coupon (2)Ma Goal (2)Major Cred (3)Major League Baseball (MLB) (1)Make Over Your Sex Life... (1)Mart Sre (1)Marvel (1)Marvel Comics (1)Marv Miller (1)Mary Jayne (1)Mas (1)Masterbatn (1)Masterrd Cred (1)Masterg (1)Masterg Composn (1)Matildas (2)Matt Blake (1)Matt LeBlanc (1)Matt Stone (1)Mature (1)Mreen Renzen (1)Maxim (68)Maxim Hot 100 (1)Maxim Lgerie Special (1)Maxim Magaze (68)Maxim UK (1)Maximum Perversum (11)Maxim USA (28)Maxposure (2)Maxposure Media (3)May (4)May 2009 (1)May 2010 (1)May 2016 (1)May 2018 (1)Mayfair (23)Mayfair Magaze (1)Mayweather (5)Mbps (1)Mcgregor (1)Mckay (1)Meat Pi (1)Medal Of Honor (1)Media (18)Mediarp (1)Mediarp Pte (1)Media Group (3)Media Limed (6)Medil Genoci (1)Medice Ball (1)Meeka (1)Meerkat Manor (1)Mee Commissn (2)Mega Climax (2)Megan Fox (3)Mei Lg (1)Mel (1)Melissa (1)Melissa Deblg (1)Melissa Jabs (1)Melissa Rch (1)Melissa Satta (1)Memorable (2)Memphis (1)Men (143)Men's (9)Men's Magaze (53)Men's Magaz (1, 066)Men's Magaz, Erotic, Adult, Magaze, Brish Magaze (7)Men's Magaz, Erotic, Adult, Magaze, Brish MagazeMen's Magaz, Erotic, Adult, Magaze, Brish Magaze (1)Men's Magaz--1960s (4)Men's Magaz--1970s (59)Men's Magaz--1980s (59)Men's Magaz--1990s (20)Men's Magaz--2000s (57)Men's Magaz--2010s (24)Mens (2)Men Magaze (2)Mens Intert (1)Mens Mag (1)Mens Magaizne (1)Mens Magaze (22)Mensmagaz (5)Mensmagaz_post70s (2)Mens Paper (1)Mens Pla (1)Mental Illns (1)Men Uned (1)Merces-Benz (1)Merse (2)Merse Ratg (1)Ma Miller (1)Metal (1)Metal Gear (1)Metaverse (13)Meth (13)Metr Fal (1)Mga (3)Mia (1)Mia Kirschner (1)Miami Caliente (1)Miami Heat (1)Michael Cae (1)Michael Douglas (1)Michael Dowd (1)Michael Jordan (1)Michael Myers (1)Michael Owen (1)Michelle Low (1)Michelle Walker (1)Mickey Mantle (1)Mickey Rourke (1)Mick Jagger (2)Micky (1)Middle East (1)Middleweight (1)Midsomer Murrs (1)Mieke Dockley (1)Mike (2)Mike Tyson (2)Miley Cys (2)Milf (1)Milf Prents (2)Milary Spendg (1)Milkayla Wgle (1)Milla Jovovich (1)Milo Manara (1)Milt (1)Milt Chapman (1)Milton Jon (1)Mdy McCready (1)Mi Sex (3)Mnota Vikgs (1)Ms (1)Mut Ago (1)Mut Left (1)Mira (1)Miranda Kerr (1)Miranda Lambert (1)Miranda Lee Man (1)Mischa Barton (1)Miss Ameri (1)Missg Pag (1)Missy (1)Muna Gay Thai Magaze Vtage (1)MMA (2)Mmm (1)Mmo (1)Mnut (1)Mnut Ago (1)Moana Pozzi (1)Moang Lour (1)Mob (1)Mol (2)Molg (1)Mol Release (7)Mols (7)Morn Sex Magick Secrets Of Erotic Spirualy (1)Morn Warfare (1)Moe Bandy (1)Moer (1)Moet (1)Moet Ice (1)Money Issue (1)Money Monster (1)Money Orr (6)Moni Hansen (1)Moni Hill (1)Moni Potter (1)Monique (1)Monkey Spanker (1)Monochrome Picture (1)Monte Carlo (1)Monty (1)Monty Laddo (1)Moon Bloodgood (1)Moran Atias (1)Mormon Church (1)Morng Sports (1)Mossad (1)Mother Goose (1)Mother Macri (1)Motn Picture Audienc—Uned Stat (1)Motn Picture Producers And Directors (1)Motn Pictur (7)Motn Pictur--Productn And Directn (1)Motogp (1)Motorcycle (1)Motorcycl (1)Mounta Ln (1)Mourho (2)Movie (8)Movi (2)Mr.

Men (1)Porn Mag (1)Porn Magaze (1)Porn Magaz (1)Porno (38)Pornografia (3)Pornographic (3)Pornographic Magaze (1)Pornographie (2)Pornography (130)Pornograpy (3)Pornostar (3)Porn Starlet (2)Porn Stars (3)Porn Tub (4)Porntub (1)Porsche (2)Portugal (23)Posg (1)Posg Nu (1)Post-apolyptique (34)Postal Co (2)Postmarked (1)Pour (1)Power Ele (1)Practil Joke (1)Practil Jokers (1)Practil Jok (2)Prana (1)Pranks (2)Pratap Sgh (1)Praxel (1)Preacher (1)Premier (9)Premier League (67)Premium (1)Preparatn Time (1)Prtt (1)Print Obama (1)Primera Vez (1)Prce Philip (1)Prt Facebook (1)Priscilla Taylor (1)Prison (2)Prisoners-of-War (1)Prisoners Of War (POWs) (1)Prison Esp (1)Prisons (1)Privacy Notice (5)Private (4)Private Sector (1)Prize (5)Prize Draw (3)Proba Bly (1)Profsnal Wrtlg (2)Pro Green (1)Progrsive Jackpot (1)Prolonged (1)Promo Co (1)Promoter (5)Promoter Rerv (5)Pronto (1)Prostate (1)Prostate Cancer (4)Prostutn (9)Protectn Dogs (1)Pty (1)Pub (1)Pub Ammo (1)Pubic Hair (1)Public Sector (1)Published Wrer (1)Publishg (15)Pue Ser (1)Pug (1)Punk (1)Pup Play (7)Purehmv (1)Psy (35)Psy Lips (3)Pyron Tan (1)Qiueer (1)Qpr (1)Queer (141)Quezon Cy (1)Qui (1)Quigg (1)Quill (1)Qucy Quek (1)Quote (1)Race (2)Race Car (1)Race Relatns In Motn Pictur (1)Rachel Hunter (1)Rachelle Leah (1)Rachel Nichols (1)Rachel Stevens (1)Rachel Wley (1)Racket (1)Racquel Darrian (1)Rae Clark (1)Raf (1)Raheem Sterlg (1)Railway Statn (1)Ran Wilson (1)Rajiv Gandi (1)Rally (1)Rally Drivg (1)Ralph (8)Ralph Magaze (10)Rammler (1)Rand (1)Rand Abel (1)Rand Shook (1)Raped (1)Rapoport (1)Rare Adult Publitn (1)Rare PB Back Issu (23)Ratg (1)Ratg Gurn (1)Rats (1)Rl (1)Rear (4)Rear Offers (31)Rears (1)Real College (1)Real Deal (4)Real Girls (15)Realy Televisn (1)Realy TV (1)Real Jon (1)Real Life (1)Real Madrid (7)Real People (1)Real Rcu (1)Realy (1)Rear Drive (1)Reasonable Control (5)Rebec (1)Rebec Davenport (1)Rebec De Mornay (1)Rebec Edwards (1)Rebec Gayheart (1)Rebec Hill (1)Rebec Romijn-Stamos (2)Received Prr (5)Receivg Yards (1)Recipe Preparatn (1)Rerd (1)Red Bull (7)Redd Foxx (1)Red Hot (1)Redneck (1)Redstone (1)Referendum Broadst (1)Reggie Jackson (1)Regnal (1)Regnal News (25)Relentls Energy (1)Relig Fanatics (1)Rene Cass (1)Rent-a-ps (1)Reporter (1)Reps (1)Republin (1)Rint Evil (3)Rtroom (1)Rum (1)Retro (1)Retro Bondage (6)Retro Bondge (1)Retro Magaz (1)Revealg Outf (1)Reverend Chad Varah (1)Reviews (1)Revista (8)Rex (2)Rex Featur (2)Rhii December (1)Rhm (1)Rhoy Cervant (1)Rhs Chelsea (1)Rich (1)Richard Ban (1)Richard Blackwood (1)Richard Branson (1)Richard Burton (1)Richard Hammond (1)Richard Hatcher (1)Richard Krajicek (1)Richard Nixon (1)Rich Man (1)Rick (1)Rick Felt (1)Rick Knew (1)Rick Rosner (1)Rick Ross (1)Ridley Stt (2)Rihanna (1)Riley (1)Rg Girl (1)Rgsi Special (1)Rip Layer (1)Rual (1)Rivista (4)Rivoni (1)Rmii (1)Rmii December (1)Road Chaoyang (1)Road Rage (1)Road Trip (1)Road Trips (1)Road Tckers (1)Road Wars (7)Roarg 20s (1)Rob (2)Robbie Knievel (1)Rob Dyrk (1)Robert Ardrey (1)Robert Downey (1)Robert Englund (1)Robert Evans (1)Robert F.

THIS IS WHAT BRA’S GAY LIBERATN FRONT MOVEMENT LOOKED LIKE THE 1970S

"In the 70s, society labeled gay men irrponsible hedonists, so we proudly owned and by clarg our love of sex we ma a polil statement." * gay sex in the 1970s *

WRER AND PHILANTHROPIST CHUCK FORTER ON GAY SEX THE 1970S

This documentary explor the birth of the gay pri movement New York after the Stonewall rts of 1969 and the sexual eedom that rulted. It touch on many aspects of gay culture the 1970s, cludg mic, dgs and art, followed by the vastatg impact that the onset of AIDS had on the homosexual muny. Told through several terviews and archival material, pats a picture of solidary and posivy while explorg the sexualy of a relatively new movement. * gay sex in the 1970s *

GAY SEX THE '70S

Gay rights movement, civil rights movement that advot equal rights for LGBTQ persons—that is, for lbians, gays, bisexuals, transgenr persons, and queer persons—and lls for an end to discrimatn agast LGBTQ persons employment, cred, hog, public acmodatns, and other areas of life. * gay sex in the 1970s *

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

In 1979, soclogist Joseph Harry took a look at what that era's marriage-like relatnships between gay men were like. * gay sex in the 1970s *

WHAT GAY MARRIAGE LOOKED LIKE THE ’70S

The sexual revolutn, the women’s movement and the gay liberatn movement bed to make the 1970s an era of cultural change. * gay sex in the 1970s *

GAY RIGHTS

The gay rights movement the Uned Stat began the 1920s and saw huge progrs the 2000s, wh laws prohibg homosexual activy stck down and a Supreme Court lg legalizg same-sex marriage. * gay sex in the 1970s *

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* GAY SEX IN THE 1970S

What Gay Marriage Looked Like the '70s - JSTOR Daily .

TOP