Gay and lbian rights

Contents:

• THE EQUALY CLSE: GAY RIGHTS AND THE CONSTUTN

THE EQUALY CLSE: GAY RIGHTS AND THE CONSTUTN

The legal and social stat of between 400, 000–over 2 ln lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr and tersex South Ains has been fluenced by a batn of tradnal South Ain mor, lonialism, and the lgerg effects of apartheid and the human rights movement that ntributed to s Ai’s post-apartheid Constutn was the first the world to outlaw discrimatn based on sexual orientatn, and South Ai was the fifth untry the world to legalise same-sex marriage. Neverthels, LGBT South Ains, particularly those outsi of the major ci, ntue to face some challeng, cludg homophobic vlence (particularly rrective rape), and high rat of HIV/AIDS fectn.

They are ually discsed as homosexual relatnships, though sometim the boy-wiv are discsed the ntext of transgenr Bantu peopl, cludg the Tswana people, and the Nbele people, had tradns of acceptance or difference towards same-sex sexual acts. There was wispread liberty to engage sexual activy wh both men and IsiNgqumo, the term skana refers to effemate gay men or transgenr people (typilly people born male but who act, drs and behave as female) who have sexual relatns wh men, and jonga refers to mascule gay terurse between men was historilly prohibed South Ai as the mon law crime of “sodomy” and “unnatural sexual offence”, hered om the Roman-Dutch law.

Apartheid eraUnr South Ai’s lg Natnal Party om 1948 to 1994, homosexualy was a crime punishable by up to seven years prison; this law was ed to harass and outlaw South Ain gay muny events and polil activists. The Gay Associatn of South Ai (GASA), based the Hillbrow district central Johannburg, was a predomantly whe anisatn that ially avoid takg an official posn on apartheid, while the Rand Gay Organisatn was multi-racial and found opposn to apartheid. Hubert du Plsis, one of the most proment South Ain posers of the 20th century, was proudly and openly gay yet also a stnch supporter of the Natnal Party and posed many natnalist works.

He was outspoken about his sexualy, however, and appeared before Parliament the late 1960s to prott the tighteng of sodomy the untry’s 1987 general electn, GASA and the gay magaze Ex endorsed the Natnal Party ndidate for Hillbrow, Leon Beer. It was the general opn of the gay muny of Hillbrow that their vote was the cidg factor Beer’s ultimate the 1960s to the late 1980s, the South Ain Defence Force forced whe gay and lbian soldiers to unrgo var medil “cur” for their sexual orientatn, cludg sex reassignment surgery. Organisatns such as the Organisatn of Lbian and Gay Activists (OLGA) worked wh the Ain Natnal Congrs to clu protectns for LGBT people the new Constutn of South eraGay pri flag of South AiGay pri flag of South AiIn 1993, the Ain Natnal Congrs, the Bill of Rights, [a] endorsed the legal regnn of same-sex marriag, and the terim Constutn prohibed discrimatn on the basis of sexual orientatn.

Two years later, the Constutnal Court of South Ai led a landmark se that the law prohibg homosexual nduct between nsentg adults private vlated the 1994, durg his guratn speech as print, Nelson Manla stated the followg:In 1980s the Ain Natnal Congrs was still settg the pace, beg the first major polil formatn South Ai to m self firmly to a Bill of Rights, which we published November 1990. They speak of a nstutnal, mocratic, polil orr which, regardls of lour, genr, relign, polil opn or sexual orientatn, the law will provi for the equal protectn of all gay pri flag of South Ai, signed by Eugene Brockman, is a hybrid of the LGBT rabow flag and the South Ain natnal flag lnched 1994 after the end of the apartheid era.