Wh ls than two weeks left office, the admistratn of US Print Donald Tmp has falized yet another le rollg back nondiscrimatn protectns for lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr (LGBT) people seekg the servic of health and welfare programs fund by the US Department of Health and Human Servic.
Contents:
- HOLIDAYS AND ARMS ALS WH BNEI DON’T TMP GAY PEOPLE’S RIGHT TO EXIST
- MIKE POMPEO AND TMP ADMISTRATN ‘CONCERNED’ ABOUT BNEI’S LAW TO STONE LGBT PEOPLE TO DEATHOUTRAGEON APRIL 3, BNEI WILL LEGALIZE THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE. AFTER 24 HOURS OF SILENCE, THE U.S. ERNMENT TELLS THE DAILY BEAST IS 'NCERNED' ABOUT THE LAW.TIM TEEMANSENR EDOR AND WRERUPDATED MAR. 29, 2019 4:36PM EDT / PUBLISHED MAR. 29, 2019 1:41PM EDT EXCLIVESUHAIMI ABDULLAH/GETTYON APRIL 3, BNEI WILL LEGALIZE THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE. A NEW LAW THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNTRY IMPOS ATH BY STONG OR WHIPPG FOR SODOMY, ADULTERY OR RAPE, AND AMPUTATN OF A HAND OR FOOT FOR THEFT.GLOBAL OUTRAGE HAS GREETED NEWS OF THE TRODUCTN OF THE NEW LAW UNR THE SYARIAH PENAL CO (SPC). ON FRIDAY, THE BRISH ERNMENT AND EUROPEAN UNN LLED ON BNEI TO ABANDON THE LAW, WHILE GEE CLOONEY LLED FOR A BOYTT OF HOTELS OWNED BY THE SULTAN OF BNEI A LUMN FOR DEADLE.AFTER NEARLY 24 HOURS OF CLG TO CLARIFY S POSN, THE STATE DEPARTMENT FALLY SENT THE DAILY BEAST A STATEMENT SAYG THE U.S. WAS “NCERNED” ABOUT THE NEW LAW, MUT AFTER WE PUBLISHED A STORY NOTG SECRETARY OF STATE MIKE POMPEO AND THE PARTMENT'S SILENCE.HOWEVER, WHEN ASKED BY THE DAILY BEAST, POMPEO AND THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE CLED TO DIRECTLY NMN, OR STATE AN OBJECTN TO, THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE. THE FULL STATEMENT READS: “THE UNED STAT IS NCERNED WH BNEI’S CISN TO IMPLEMENT PHAS TWO AND THREE OF THE SHARIA PENAL CO. SOME OF THE PUNISHMENTS THE LAW APPEAR NSISTENT WH TERNATNAL HUMAN RIGHTS OBLIGATNS, CLUDG WH RPECT TO TORTURE OR OTHER CEL, HUMAN OR GRADG TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT.“WE HAVE ENURAGED BNEI TO RATIFY AND IMPLEMENT THE UNED NATNS CONVENTN AGAST TORTURE, WHICH SIGNED 2015, AND TO SIGN, RATIFY, AND IMPLEMENT THE INTERNATNAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLIL RIGHTS.”THE DAILY BEAST ASKED THE STATE DEPARTMENT WHAT HAD POMPEO OR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIALS SAID TO BNEI OFFICIALS OR THE SULTAN OF BNEI ABOUT THE NEW LAW. HAD ANY OBJECTNS TO BEEN LODGED, AND WHAT HAD BEEN THE NATURE OF STATE DEPARTMENT REPRENTATNS OVER THE NEW LAW BEEN? SPECIFILLY, THE DAILY BEAST ASKED, DID THE U.S. GOVERNMENT OBJECT TO THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE AS STATED UNR THE NEW LAW?ON FRIDAY AFTERNOON, A DEPARTMENT OF STATE SPOKPERSON SENT ANOTHER STATEMENT. “WE REGULARLY MUNITE WH THE GOVERNMENT OF BNEI REGARDG HUMAN RIGHTS AND ENURAGE TO UPHOLD S TERNATNAL MMENTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS.“GOVERNMENTS HAVE AN OBLIGATN TO ENSURE THAT ALL PEOPLE, CLUDG LGBTI PEOPLE, N EELY ENJOY THE UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL EEDOMS TO WHICH THEY ARE ENTLED. WE STRONGLY OPPOSE HUMAN RIGHTS VLATNS AND AB AGAST LGBTI PERSONS, CLUDG VLENCE, THE CRIMALIZATN OF LGBTI STAT OR NDUCT, AND SER FORMS OF DISCRIMATN.”THE DAILY BEAST AGA ASKED IF POMPEO OR THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE OBJECTED TO THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE UNR THE NEW LAW. A SPOKPERSON WOULD NOT ADDRS THIS QUTN DIRECTLY, AND STEAD REFERRED TO THE STATEMENT ABOVE.A REQUT FOR MENT BY THE DAILY BEAST TO VICE PRINT MIKE PENCE, GIVEN HIS FLUENCE WHEN TO U.S. FOREIGN POLICY, WENT UNRPOND TO.IN A STATEMENT THE HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN’S GLOBAL DIRECTOR TY COBB SAID: “WE ARE FACG A DANGERO CRISIS AS BNEI IS CLOSE TO IMPLEMENTG LAWS THAT IMPOSE STATE-SPONSORED TORTURE AND MURR OF LGBTQ PEOPLE. “IT’S ABSOLUTELY CCIAL THAT THE TERNATNAL MUNY SPEAK OUT NOW AND MAND THAT THE SULTAN OF BNEI STOP THE BARBARIC CHANG THAT THREATEN THE LIV OF BNEI CIZENS. THE TMP-PENCE ADMISTRATN MT ALSO IMMEDIATELY MAKE CLEAR THAT THE OUTRAGEO HUMAN RIGHTS AB WILL NOT BE TOLERATED.”THE STATE DEPARTMENT’S UT NMNATN IS STARK NTRAST TO A 2017 REPORT PUBLISHED TAILG EXTENSIVE HUMAN RIGHTS AB BNEI, CLUDG AGAST LGBT PEOPLE.THE REPORT SAID: “THE SPC BANS ‘LIWAT’ (ANAL TERURSE) BETWEEN MEN OR BETWEEN A MAN AND A WOMAN WHO IS NOT HIS WIFE. IF IMPLEMENTED, THIS LAW WOULD IMPOSE ATH BY STONG. THE SPC ALSO PROHIBS MEN OM DRSG AS WOMEN OR WOMEN DRSG AS MEN “WHOUT REASONABLE EXCE” OR “FOR IMMORAL PURPOS.” THERE WERE NO KNOWN NVICTNS DURG THE YEAR. “LGBTI DIVIDUALS REPORTED TIMIDATN BY POLICE, CLUDG THREATS TO MAKE PUBLIC THEIR SEXUALY, TO HAMPER THEIR ABILY TO OBTA A ERNMENT JOB, OR TO BAR GRADUATN OM ERNMENT AMIC STUTNS” “MEMBERS OF THE LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR, AND TERSEX (LGBTI) MUNY REPORTED UNOFFICIAL AND SOCIETAL DISCRIMATN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT, HOG, RECREATN, AND OBTAG SERVIC CLUDG TN OM STATE ENTI. “LGBTI DIVIDUALS REPORTED TIMIDATN BY POLICE, CLUDG THREATS TO MAKE PUBLIC THEIR SEXUALY, TO HAMPER THEIR ABILY TO OBTA A ERNMENT JOB, OR TO BAR GRADUATN OM ERNMENT AMIC STUTNS. MEMBERS OF THE LGBTI MUNY REPORTED THE ERNMENT MONORED THEIR ACTIVI AND MUNITNS. “EVENTS ON LGBTI TOPICS WERE SUBJECT TO RTRICTNS ON ASSEMBLY AND EXPRSN. THE LGBTI MUNY REPORTED THAT THE ERNMENT WOULD NOT ISSUE PERMS FOR SUCH EVENTS.” “THE MISTER FOR ASIA AND HIGH COMMISSNER HAVE RAISED THEIR NCERNS PERSON. CORPORAL AND PAL PUNISHMENT GO AGAST OUR NATNAL VALU” WHILE THE REPORT LAID OUT HOW DIFFICULT LIFE IS FOR LGBT PEOPLE BNEI, IS UNKNOWN IF THE TMP ADMISTRATN IS AS OUTRAGED BY THE PROSPECT OF LGBT PEOPLE BEG STONED TO ATH BNEI AS OTHER FOREIGN ERNMENTS ARE.“THE MISTER FOR ASIA AND HIGH COMMISSNER HAVE RAISED THEIR NCERNS PERSON,” A BRISH FOREIGN OFFICE SPOKWOMAN SAID AN EMAILED STATEMENT TO RTERS ON FRIDAY. “CORPORAL AND PAL PUNISHMENT GO AGAST OUR NATNAL VALU.”CLOONEY NOTED THAT A SIAR BOYTT HAD BEGUN (AND FIZZLED OUT) 2014 OF HOTELS OWNED BY THE SULTAN OF BNEI HASSANAL BOLKIAH, WHEN NEWS OF THE TRODUCTN OF STRICTER SHARIA LAW PUNISHMENTS WAS FIRST REPORTED. “ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP PAY FOR THE HUMAN RIGHTS VLATNS? ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP FUND THE MURR OF NOCENT CIZENS?” IN HIS DEADLE LUMN, CLOONEY WROTE OF THE HOTELS OWNED BY THE BNEI INVTMENT AGENCY: “LET’S BE CLEAR, EVERY SGLE TIME WE STAY AT OR TAKE MEETGS AT OR DE AT ANY OF THE NE HOTELS WE ARE PUTTG MONEY DIRECTLY TO THE POCKETS OF MEN WHO CHOOSE TO STONE AND WHIP TO ATH THEIR OWN CIZENS FOR BEG GAY OR ACCED OF ADULTERY… ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP PAY FOR THE HUMAN RIGHTS VLATNS? ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP FUND THE MURR OF NOCENT CIZENS? “I’VE LEARNED OVER YEARS OF ALG WH MURRO REGIM THAT YOU N’T SHAME THEM. BUT YOU N SHAME THE BANKS, THE FANCIERS AND THE STUTNS THAT DO BS WH THEM AND CHOOSE TO LOOK THE OTHER WAY?”CLOONEY THEN LISTED THE HOTELS OWNED BY THE SULTAN: THE DORCHTER, LONDON; 45 PARK LANE, LONDON; COWORTH PARK, U.K.; THE BEVERLY HILLS HOTEL, BEVERLY HILLS; HOTEL BEL-AIR, LOS ANGEL; LE MRICE, PARIS; HOTEL PLAZA ATHéNéE, PARIS; HOTEL EN, ROME; AND HOTEL PRCIPE DI SAVOIA, MILAN. TIM TEEMAN
HOLIDAYS AND ARMS ALS WH BNEI DON’T TMP GAY PEOPLE’S RIGHT TO EXIST
The Tmp admistratn is lnchg a global mpaign to end the crimalizatn of homosexualy dozens of natns where 's still illegal to be gay. * brunei gay rights trump *
And 69 untri, nsensual same-sex activy is still a homophobia and transphobia plac such as Chechnya, Tanzania and Egypt margalize and humanize LGBTQ people. As of today, Bnei, gay sex and adultery n be punished wh ath by stong -- and the print of the Uned Stat hasn't said a word about Tmp's silence spe his admistratn's announced mpaign to end the crimalizatn of homosexualy around the world -- although that is somethg he seemed to have no clue about when qutned on small but oil-rich natn is an absolute monarchy led by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah who cid to set this new le wh ltle explanatn to why. Homosexualy has been illegal and punishable by up to 10 years prison for some time already -- and are nnected to Bolkiah's 2014 pursus to her more nservative laws.
MIKE POMPEO AND TMP ADMISTRATN ‘CONCERNED’ ABOUT BNEI’S LAW TO STONE LGBT PEOPLE TO DEATHOUTRAGEON APRIL 3, BNEI WILL LEGALIZE THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE. AFTER 24 HOURS OF SILENCE, THE U.S. ERNMENT TELLS THE DAILY BEAST IS 'NCERNED' ABOUT THE LAW.TIM TEEMANSENR EDOR AND WRERUPDATED MAR. 29, 2019 4:36PM EDT / PUBLISHED MAR. 29, 2019 1:41PM EDT EXCLIVESUHAIMI ABDULLAH/GETTYON APRIL 3, BNEI WILL LEGALIZE THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE. A NEW LAW THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN UNTRY IMPOS ATH BY STONG OR WHIPPG FOR SODOMY, ADULTERY OR RAPE, AND AMPUTATN OF A HAND OR FOOT FOR THEFT.GLOBAL OUTRAGE HAS GREETED NEWS OF THE TRODUCTN OF THE NEW LAW UNR THE SYARIAH PENAL CO (SPC). ON FRIDAY, THE BRISH ERNMENT AND EUROPEAN UNN LLED ON BNEI TO ABANDON THE LAW, WHILE GEE CLOONEY LLED FOR A BOYTT OF HOTELS OWNED BY THE SULTAN OF BNEI A LUMN FOR DEADLE.AFTER NEARLY 24 HOURS OF CLG TO CLARIFY S POSN, THE STATE DEPARTMENT FALLY SENT THE DAILY BEAST A STATEMENT SAYG THE U.S. WAS “NCERNED” ABOUT THE NEW LAW, MUT AFTER WE PUBLISHED A STORY NOTG SECRETARY OF STATE MIKE POMPEO AND THE PARTMENT'S SILENCE.HOWEVER, WHEN ASKED BY THE DAILY BEAST, POMPEO AND THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE CLED TO DIRECTLY NMN, OR STATE AN OBJECTN TO, THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE. THE FULL STATEMENT READS: “THE UNED STAT IS NCERNED WH BNEI’S CISN TO IMPLEMENT PHAS TWO AND THREE OF THE SHARIA PENAL CO. SOME OF THE PUNISHMENTS THE LAW APPEAR NSISTENT WH TERNATNAL HUMAN RIGHTS OBLIGATNS, CLUDG WH RPECT TO TORTURE OR OTHER CEL, HUMAN OR GRADG TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT.“WE HAVE ENURAGED BNEI TO RATIFY AND IMPLEMENT THE UNED NATNS CONVENTN AGAST TORTURE, WHICH SIGNED 2015, AND TO SIGN, RATIFY, AND IMPLEMENT THE INTERNATNAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLIL RIGHTS.”THE DAILY BEAST ASKED THE STATE DEPARTMENT WHAT HAD POMPEO OR STATE DEPARTMENT OFFICIALS SAID TO BNEI OFFICIALS OR THE SULTAN OF BNEI ABOUT THE NEW LAW. HAD ANY OBJECTNS TO BEEN LODGED, AND WHAT HAD BEEN THE NATURE OF STATE DEPARTMENT REPRENTATNS OVER THE NEW LAW BEEN? SPECIFILLY, THE DAILY BEAST ASKED, DID THE U.S. GOVERNMENT OBJECT TO THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE AS STATED UNR THE NEW LAW?ON FRIDAY AFTERNOON, A DEPARTMENT OF STATE SPOKPERSON SENT ANOTHER STATEMENT. “WE REGULARLY MUNITE WH THE GOVERNMENT OF BNEI REGARDG HUMAN RIGHTS AND ENURAGE TO UPHOLD S TERNATNAL MMENTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS.“GOVERNMENTS HAVE AN OBLIGATN TO ENSURE THAT ALL PEOPLE, CLUDG LGBTI PEOPLE, N EELY ENJOY THE UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL EEDOMS TO WHICH THEY ARE ENTLED. WE STRONGLY OPPOSE HUMAN RIGHTS VLATNS AND AB AGAST LGBTI PERSONS, CLUDG VLENCE, THE CRIMALIZATN OF LGBTI STAT OR NDUCT, AND SER FORMS OF DISCRIMATN.”THE DAILY BEAST AGA ASKED IF POMPEO OR THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE OBJECTED TO THE STONG TO ATH OF LGBT PEOPLE UNR THE NEW LAW. A SPOKPERSON WOULD NOT ADDRS THIS QUTN DIRECTLY, AND STEAD REFERRED TO THE STATEMENT ABOVE.A REQUT FOR MENT BY THE DAILY BEAST TO VICE PRINT MIKE PENCE, GIVEN HIS FLUENCE WHEN TO U.S. FOREIGN POLICY, WENT UNRPOND TO.IN A STATEMENT THE HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN’S GLOBAL DIRECTOR TY COBB SAID: “WE ARE FACG A DANGERO CRISIS AS BNEI IS CLOSE TO IMPLEMENTG LAWS THAT IMPOSE STATE-SPONSORED TORTURE AND MURR OF LGBTQ PEOPLE. “IT’S ABSOLUTELY CCIAL THAT THE TERNATNAL MUNY SPEAK OUT NOW AND MAND THAT THE SULTAN OF BNEI STOP THE BARBARIC CHANG THAT THREATEN THE LIV OF BNEI CIZENS. THE TMP-PENCE ADMISTRATN MT ALSO IMMEDIATELY MAKE CLEAR THAT THE OUTRAGEO HUMAN RIGHTS AB WILL NOT BE TOLERATED.”THE STATE DEPARTMENT’S UT NMNATN IS STARK NTRAST TO A 2017 REPORT PUBLISHED TAILG EXTENSIVE HUMAN RIGHTS AB BNEI, CLUDG AGAST LGBT PEOPLE.THE REPORT SAID: “THE SPC BANS ‘LIWAT’ (ANAL TERURSE) BETWEEN MEN OR BETWEEN A MAN AND A WOMAN WHO IS NOT HIS WIFE. IF IMPLEMENTED, THIS LAW WOULD IMPOSE ATH BY STONG. THE SPC ALSO PROHIBS MEN OM DRSG AS WOMEN OR WOMEN DRSG AS MEN “WHOUT REASONABLE EXCE” OR “FOR IMMORAL PURPOS.” THERE WERE NO KNOWN NVICTNS DURG THE YEAR. “LGBTI DIVIDUALS REPORTED TIMIDATN BY POLICE, CLUDG THREATS TO MAKE PUBLIC THEIR SEXUALY, TO HAMPER THEIR ABILY TO OBTA A ERNMENT JOB, OR TO BAR GRADUATN OM ERNMENT AMIC STUTNS” “MEMBERS OF THE LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR, AND TERSEX (LGBTI) MUNY REPORTED UNOFFICIAL AND SOCIETAL DISCRIMATN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT, HOG, RECREATN, AND OBTAG SERVIC CLUDG TN OM STATE ENTI. “LGBTI DIVIDUALS REPORTED TIMIDATN BY POLICE, CLUDG THREATS TO MAKE PUBLIC THEIR SEXUALY, TO HAMPER THEIR ABILY TO OBTA A ERNMENT JOB, OR TO BAR GRADUATN OM ERNMENT AMIC STUTNS. MEMBERS OF THE LGBTI MUNY REPORTED THE ERNMENT MONORED THEIR ACTIVI AND MUNITNS. “EVENTS ON LGBTI TOPICS WERE SUBJECT TO RTRICTNS ON ASSEMBLY AND EXPRSN. THE LGBTI MUNY REPORTED THAT THE ERNMENT WOULD NOT ISSUE PERMS FOR SUCH EVENTS.” “THE MISTER FOR ASIA AND HIGH COMMISSNER HAVE RAISED THEIR NCERNS PERSON. CORPORAL AND PAL PUNISHMENT GO AGAST OUR NATNAL VALU” WHILE THE REPORT LAID OUT HOW DIFFICULT LIFE IS FOR LGBT PEOPLE BNEI, IS UNKNOWN IF THE TMP ADMISTRATN IS AS OUTRAGED BY THE PROSPECT OF LGBT PEOPLE BEG STONED TO ATH BNEI AS OTHER FOREIGN ERNMENTS ARE.“THE MISTER FOR ASIA AND HIGH COMMISSNER HAVE RAISED THEIR NCERNS PERSON,” A BRISH FOREIGN OFFICE SPOKWOMAN SAID AN EMAILED STATEMENT TO RTERS ON FRIDAY. “CORPORAL AND PAL PUNISHMENT GO AGAST OUR NATNAL VALU.”CLOONEY NOTED THAT A SIAR BOYTT HAD BEGUN (AND FIZZLED OUT) 2014 OF HOTELS OWNED BY THE SULTAN OF BNEI HASSANAL BOLKIAH, WHEN NEWS OF THE TRODUCTN OF STRICTER SHARIA LAW PUNISHMENTS WAS FIRST REPORTED. “ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP PAY FOR THE HUMAN RIGHTS VLATNS? ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP FUND THE MURR OF NOCENT CIZENS?” IN HIS DEADLE LUMN, CLOONEY WROTE OF THE HOTELS OWNED BY THE BNEI INVTMENT AGENCY: “LET’S BE CLEAR, EVERY SGLE TIME WE STAY AT OR TAKE MEETGS AT OR DE AT ANY OF THE NE HOTELS WE ARE PUTTG MONEY DIRECTLY TO THE POCKETS OF MEN WHO CHOOSE TO STONE AND WHIP TO ATH THEIR OWN CIZENS FOR BEG GAY OR ACCED OF ADULTERY… ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP PAY FOR THE HUMAN RIGHTS VLATNS? ARE WE REALLY GOG TO HELP FUND THE MURR OF NOCENT CIZENS? “I’VE LEARNED OVER YEARS OF ALG WH MURRO REGIM THAT YOU N’T SHAME THEM. BUT YOU N SHAME THE BANKS, THE FANCIERS AND THE STUTNS THAT DO BS WH THEM AND CHOOSE TO LOOK THE OTHER WAY?”CLOONEY THEN LISTED THE HOTELS OWNED BY THE SULTAN: THE DORCHTER, LONDON; 45 PARK LANE, LONDON; COWORTH PARK, U.K.; THE BEVERLY HILLS HOTEL, BEVERLY HILLS; HOTEL BEL-AIR, LOS ANGEL; LE MRICE, PARIS; HOTEL PLAZA ATHéNéE, PARIS; HOTEL EN, ROME; AND HOTEL PRCIPE DI SAVOIA, MILAN. TIM TEEMAN
Tmp has yet to nmn btal antigay laws greenl by the Sultan of Bnei, who also owns The Beverly Hills Hotel -- a popular se for the print's sordid past. * brunei gay rights trump *
BERLIN — The Tmp admistratn is lnchg a global mpaign to end the crimalizatn of homosexualy dozens of natns where 's still illegal to be gay, U. Ambassador to Germany Richard Grenell, the hight-profile openly gay person the Tmp admistratn, is leadg the effort, which kicks off Tuday eveng Berl. Embassy is flyg LGBT activists om across Europe for a strategy dner to plan to ph for crimalizatn plac that still outlaw homosexualy — mostly ncentrated the Middle East, Ai and the Caribbean.
Although the crimalizatn strategy is still beg hashed out, officials say ’s likely to clu workg wh global anizatns like the Uned Natns, the European Unn and the Organizatn for Secury and Cooperatn Europe, as well as other untri whose laws already allow for gay rights. Narrowly foced on crimalizatn, rather than broar LGBT issu like same-sex marriage, the mpaign was nceived partly rponse to the recent reported executn by hangg of a young gay man Iran, the Tmp admistratn’s top geopolil foe. “This is not the first time the Iranian regime has put a gay man to ath wh the ual outrageo claims of prostutn, kidnappg, or even pedophilia.