A brief history of lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr social movements

Contents:

• ABOUT THE CENTERSCE 1983 THE CENTER HAS BEEN SUPPORTG, FOSTERG AND CELEBRATG THE LGBT MUNY OF NEW YORK CY. FD MORE RMATN ON AND OUR WORK ABOUT THE CENTER. VIS ABOUT THE CENTEROUR MISSNCYBER CENTERCENTER HISTORYRACE EQUYMEDIA CENTERLEARSHIP & STAFFEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNICORPORATE PARTNERSHIPSANNUAL REPORTS & FANCIAL INFORMATNCONTACT USHOURS & LOTNSEMAPSUPPORT THE CENTER
• LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR HEALTH
• HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR?
• A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
• GAY RIGHTS

ABOUT THE CENTERSCE 1983 THE CENTER HAS BEEN SUPPORTG, FOSTERG AND CELEBRATG THE LGBT MUNY OF NEW YORK CY. FD MORE RMATN ON AND OUR WORK ABOUT THE CENTER. VIS ABOUT THE CENTEROUR MISSNCYBER CENTERCENTER HISTORYRACE EQUYMEDIA CENTERLEARSHIP & STAFFEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNICORPORATE PARTNERSHIPSANNUAL REPORTS & FANCIAL INFORMATNCONTACT USHOURS & LOTNSEMAPSUPPORT THE CENTER

Other acronym variatns that are sometim ed clu LGBTIQ (lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, tersex, and queer) and LGBTQQIP2SAA (lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, queer, qutng, tersex, pansexual, two-spir (2S), androgyno, and asexual). Where a variety of orientatns and inti had prevly been referred to as "the gay muny" and later "the gay and lbian muny, " the acronym eventually evolved as a way to be more clive of other inti.

“Coverage of LGBTQ issu has moved beyond simplistic polil dichotomi and toward more fully realized reprentatns, not only of the diversy of the LGBTQ muny, but also of LGBTQ people’s liv, their fai, and their fundamental cln the fabric of Amerin society, ” explas GLAAD, or the Gay & Lbian Alliance Agast Defamatn.

If you are terted learng more about what terms and phras should be avoid, GLAAD, the Gay & Lbian Alliance Agast Defamatn, has a reference page that offers helpful rmatn on LGBTQ terms as well as rmatn on terms that are specific to the transgenr muny. Although historians pot out ad nseam the so-lled appropriatens of applyg morn nstcts such as "gay, " "bisexual, " "homosexual, " or "queer" to an ancient kg like Alexanr, no ser historian doubts that history's penultimate warrr-monarch was attracted to men. By enablg Brish telligence to Enigma msag, Alan Turg also enabled the Alli to feat the Adolf Hler World War, the Brish ernment "thanked" Turg for his wartime efforts by arrtg him 1952 for the "crime" of homosexualy.

LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR HEALTH

Soon after beg chemilly strated by orr of a Brish urt as punishment for beg gay, Turg died by suici, gtg cyani, addn to ventg morn putg, Turg also nceptualizied and created a scientific tt for nfirmg artificial telligence. The Universy of Illois at Sprgfield's Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr, Queer, Qutng, and Allied Rource Office offers a tratg, however technilly accurate, asssment of the sexual ambiguy of the legendary sculptor and pater of the ceilg at the Siste Chapel Rome.

Pietro Areto’s suggtns of perasty), there is no clear evince of Michelangelo’s homosexualy or, at least, none ditg overt sexual activy, " reads an entry at the universy's webse. Before he was assassated 1978, along wh San Francis Mayor Gee Masne, Milk helped stave off a nservative backlash agast LGBT equaly the form of the so-lled Briggs Iniative, which would have barred gay people om teachg California's public was elected to the San Francis Board of Supervisors 1977.

Sce Milk's victory, hundreds of LGBT ndidat have been elected across the were a few out gay and lbian ndidat elected before Milk, cludg Elae Noble to the Massachetts Hoe of Reprentativ and Kathy Kozachenko to the Ann Arbor, Mich., Cy Council, both 1974. For weeks 1997, Ameri wonred and ABC's publicy partment fueled speculatn about whether or not DeGener's character would follow the lead of the real-life lbian who played her by g wh clever humor cludg a gag about receivg a ee kchen appliance for exg the closet (an obv reference to the age-old homophobic notn that the LGBT muny "recs" members), the wily viewed g-out episo of Ellen ma televisn history — and ma a lghg natn measurably more fortable wh and acceptg of gay people general. Dpe his personal undog followg his arrt, nvictn, and sentence of two years hard labor for the "crime" of homosexualy (technilly, "gross cency"), the wrer of classics such a The Importance of Beg Earnt and The Picture of Dorian Gray remas one of the wrten word's most famo and celebrated artists.

HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR?

” The edian Bill Maher said on his show that by 2054, if we follow what he se as the current trajectory, “we will all be gay, ” addg that the rise the number of younger people intifyg as transgenr seemed spic. Bee of the fluence of Schorr put siarly Natnal Review: “To suggt that social suggtibily uld be playg a role the skyrocketg numbers of young girls’ exprsg their sire to bee mal, for example, is not of urse to say that gay and transgenr people would not exist whout the topics’ beg discsed the public square.

Increasg numbers of populatn-based surveys the Uned Stat and across the world clu qutns that allow for an timate of the size of the lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr (LGBT) populatn. In measurg sexual orientatn, lbian, gay, and bisexual dividuals may be intified strictly based on their self-inty or may be possible to nsir same-sex sexual behavr or sexual attractn. While the surveys show a fairly wi variatn the overall percentage of adults who intify as LGB, the proportn who intify as lbian/gay vers bisexual is somewhat more nsistent (see Figure 2).

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

The Natnal Survey of Sexual Health and Behavr and the Atralian Longudal Study of Health and Relatnships both found a majory of rponnts (55% and 59%, rpectively) intifyg as surveys show even greater nsistency differenc between men and women associated wh lbian/gay vers bisexual inty.

A nearly 50-year-old Rivera was livg there prott of the mostly gay- and lbian-foced anizatns and muny groups at the time -- particularly, The Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgenr Communy Center (then known as the Lbian and Gay Communy Servic Center Inc. "Born 1932, Barbara Gtgs heard the term "homosexual" for the first time her life when she was rejected for membership to the Natnal Honor Society when a teacher spected her of 'homosexual clatns.

Activist and legend Harvey Milk was not the first LGBTQ+ person to hold public office, but he was immensely fluential shapg the spir of queer ristance om even before his historic term on San Francis's Board of Supervisors as California's first out gay polician. In 1994, nearly a after her first televisn appearance on The Tonight Show wh Johnny Carson, her s Ellen went on air for the first time -- and three years after that, the mastream media giant me out g that very platform, makg her the first person to star as an openly gay character on prime-time televisn. Where homosexual activy or viance om tablished genr rol/drs was banned by law or tradnal ctom, such nmnatn might be munited through sensatnal public trials, exile, medil warngs, and language om the pulp.

GAY RIGHTS

However, throughout 150 years of homosexual social movements (roughly om the 1870s to today), lears and anizers stggled to addrs the very different ncerns and inty issu of gay men, women intifyg as lbians, and others intifyg as genr variant or nonbary. Whe, male, and Wtern activists whose groups and theori gaed leverage agast homophobia did not necsarily reprent the range of racial, class, and natnal inti plitg a broar LGBT agenda. Such eyewns acunts the era before other media were of urse riddled wh the bias of the (often) Wtern or Whe observer, and add to beliefs that homosexual practic were other, foreign, savage, a medil issue, or evince of a lower racial hierarchy.

The European powers enforced their own crimal s agast what was lled sodomy the New World: the first known se of homosexual activy receivg a ath sentence North Ameri occurred 1566, when the Spanish executed a Frenchman Florida. Biblil terpretatn ma illegal for a woman to wear pants or a man to adopt female drs, and sensatnalized public trials warned agast “viants” but also ma such martyrs and hero popular: Joan of Arc is one example, and the chillg origs of the word “faggot” clu a stick of wood ed public burngs of gay men.

” In Wtern history, we fd ltle formal study of what was later lled homosexualy before the 19th century, beyond medil texts intifyg women wh large cloris as “tribas” and severe punishment s for male homosexual acts. Their wrgs were sympathetic to the ncept of a homosexual or bisexual orientatn occurrg naturally an intifiable segment of humankd, but the wrgs of Krafft-Ebg and Ellis also labeled a “third sex” generate and abnormal. ” German rearcher Magn Hirschfeld went on to gather a broar range of rmatn by foundg Berl’s Instute for Sexual Science, Europe’s bt library archive of materials on gay cultural history.

His efforts, and Germany’s more liberal laws and thrivg gay bar scene between the two World Wars, ntrasted wh the backlash, England, agast gay and lbian wrers such as Osr Wil and Radclyffe Hall.

The blu mic of Ain-Amerin women showsed varieti of lbian sire, stggle, and humor; the performanc, along wh male and female drag stars, troduced a gay unrworld to straight patrons durg Prohibn’s fiance of race and sex s speakeasy clubs.

The disptns of World War II allowed formerly isolated gay men and women to meet as soldiers and war workers; and other volunteers were uprooted om small towns and posted worldwi. This creasg awarens of an existg and vulnerable populatn, upled wh Senator Joseph McCarthy’s vtigatn of homosexuals holdg ernment jobs durg the early 1950s outraged wrers and feral employe whose own liv were shown to be send-class unr the law, cludg Frank Kameny, Barbara Gtgs, Allen Gsberg, and Harry Hay. Awarens of a burgeong civil rights movement (Mart Luther Kg’s key anizer Bayard Rt was a gay man) led to the first Amerin-based polil mands for fair treatment of gays and lbians mental health, public policy, and employment.