Mental health challeng of lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr people: An tegrated lerature review - PMC

Contents:

• MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENG OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENR PEOPLE: AN TEGRATED LERATURE REVIEW
• MENTAL HEALTH LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR (LGBT) YOUTH
• LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR HEALTH

MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENG OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENR PEOPLE: AN TEGRATED LERATURE REVIEW

Gay, Lbian, and Straight Edutn Network (GLSEN): natnal work of tors, stunts, and lol chapters workg to give stunts a safe, supportive, and LGBTQ+ clive tn. Lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr people experience the followg mental health challeng: emotnal distrs, stigmatisatn, victimisatn, discrimatn and barriers to accsg healthre servic. Keywords: LGBT, mental health dispari, discrimatn, stigmatisatn, victimisatnIntroductnThe acronym LGBTQ (also LGBTQAP+, LGBTQA, GLBTIQ, LGBT, LGBTQ and other alternat) is an umbrella term that stands for lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, tersex, and queer or qutng people.

This acronym has s origs the shorter versn lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr (LGBT), which vers a heterogeneo group of LGBT people who often feature together as a group efforts to ga better social reprentatn and more polil support (Salmen 2015:11). The LGBT dividuals have unique experienc that are shaped by multiple factors, such as race/ethnicy, soc-enomic stat, geographil lotn and age, not jt sexual orientatn (Farmer & Yancu 2015:37) lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr people differ om ‘tradnal’ mori two aspects: (1) they are not necsarily regnisable through physil characteristics and (2) they are still perceived many ntexts as actg agast natural procs (Takács 2015:10). The people suffer om var forms of soc-enomic and cultural jtic, but mostly they feel they are nied regnn, meang that heterosexualy is privileged and homosexualy is valuated (Takács 2015:9).

The belief that other sexual orientatns are abnormal or ferr to heterosexualy is a source of opprsn, rultg heterosexism and homophobic attus, creatg a hostile climate for LGBT people (Mostert, Gordon & Kriegler 2015:116; Salmen 2015:11). N = 914 subjects who had sexual partners of the same sex the past 12 months, the past 5 years, or sce age 18, reprentative sample of sexual mori om the non-stutnalised English-speakg USA populatn aged 18 and vtigate whether stctural stigma (livg muni wh high levels of anti-gay prejudice) creas the risk of premature mortaly for sexual mori. N = 10 members of a high school gay-straight alliance the north-eastern Uned StatTo terme the feasibily and acceptabily of a mental health promotn programme to addrs mory strsors and promote pg skills amongst LGBTQ youth.

MENTAL HEALTH LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR (LGBT) YOUTH

N = 770 rponnts who self-intified as lbian, gay, bisexual and/or transgenr (91 transgenr and 676 non-transgenr), over the age of 19 asss whether transgenr inty is associated wh an elevated probabily of reported discrimatn, prsn symptoms and suicidal attempts pared wh non-transgenr LGB dividuals.

N = 2846 LGBT dividuals non-probabilistic and tentnally sampled analyse the associatn between ternalised homophobia, homophobic vlence, discrimatn, and muny nnectedns and alhol e and prsive symptoms LGBT dividuals(h) Aims and objectiv clearly stated(h) Study sign aquately scribed(h) Rearch methods appropriate(nr) Explic theoretil amework(l) Limatns prented(i) Implitns discsedData abstractn and synthisTwo rearchers analysed the selected publitns penntly by thematic analysis. (2013) USAMory strsorsLGBT youth:Mental health risk factors related to stctural/societal levels and terpersonal teractns wh fay and peers characterised by mory for studi to intify trapersonal strengths or pg strategi orr to overe mory dividuals:Internalised homophobia. Discrimatn (abe and public sults, healthre system (pathologisg LGBTI and generic mastream servic) and social excln based on stigma, heterosexism, heteronormativy, homophobia and transphobia rult the followg:-Fear of stigma and discrimatn.

Siar rults by Lozano-Verduz, Fernánz-Niño and Bach-Domínguez (2017:224) lked prsive symptoms and alhol e to homophobic discrimatn, vlence and low-muny nnectedns towards LGBT muni Mexi. The emotnal distrs ed by heterosexism, heteronormativy, homophobia, transphobia and stigma is further exacerbated by fears of stigma and discrimatn that hr accs to mental healthre servic (Rosenstreich 2011:16–18).

LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR HEALTH

The mory strs mol (Meyer 2003:35) helps to unrstand the relatnships between (1) external strsors such as stigmatisatn, discrimatn and victimisatn based on a person’s mory stat and (2) ternal strsors such as expectatns of rejectn, ncealment of sexual orientatn and ternalised homophobia. S., 2021, ‘Mental health challeng of lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr people: An tegrated lerature review’, Health SA Gondheid 26(0), a1487., This article is dited to the memory of the late Dr Richard Rikhotso (1969–2020).

ReferencAmerin Psychologil Associatn, 2008, Answers to your qutns: For a better unrstandg of sexual orientatn and homosexualy, Amerin Psychologil Associatn, Washgton, DC, viewed 01 December 2018, om.

P, 2015, ‘Thursday’s child: The role of adverse childhood experienc explag mental health dispari among lbians, gay and bisexual US adults’, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epimlogy.