A brief history of lbian, gay, bisexual, and transgenr social movements

Contents:

• HOW GAY ACTIVISTS CHALLENGED THE POLICS OF CIVILY
• HUNDREDS HIDG AS TANZANIA LNCH ANTI-GAY CRACKDOWN
• A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
• GAY RIGHTS

HOW GAY ACTIVISTS CHALLENGED THE POLICS OF CIVILY

Johnson was a key figure of the 1960s gay rights movement the US and, as legend has , threw the brick that igned the famo Stonewall rts, which were the talyst for the movement and have spired many Pri march ever 1992, Johnson’s body was found the Hudson River. “Sylvia’s role gay history was that she was one of the first people to highlight that our movement need to be more clive of people who did not f the mastream, ” Carrie Davis, Chief Programs and Policy Officer at New York Cy’s LGBT Communy Center, told NBC News. In a untry where police officer entrap members of the LGBTQ muny through text msag and beat those they perceive to be gay, Nkom bravely fights for rights on behalf of the LGBTQ Nkom intifi as heterosexual, she has dited her work to fightg for Cameroon’s LGBTQ muny and found the Associatn for the Defence of Homosexualy 2003.

But 2005, the queer activist was forced to flee his untry, where homosexual activy remas, Parsi liv exile Canada, where he has found the Iranian Railroad for Queer Refuge, which supports and provis guidance to LGBTQ asylum seekers om the Middle East.

Jonathan Van Ns, Antoni Porowski, Tan France, Bobby Berk, and Karamo Brown om Queer Courty of NetflixThe all-star st of Netflix’s new Queer Eye seri — a reboot of Bravo’s early 2000s seri Queer Eye for the Straight Guy — may be all fun when to makeovers, but they’re ser about makg a difference the “Fab Five” — Tan France, Jonathan Van Ns, Bobby Berk, Karamo Brown, and Antoni Porowski — speak openly on Queer Eye about their personal stggl and experienc wh homophobia and discrimatn. They pneered this h-and-n tactic, known as the “zap actn, ” to urt necsary media attentn and force homophobic figur and stutns to acknowledge gay rights, a prott technique spired by other New Left groups like the Yippi and radil femist llectiv.

HUNDREDS HIDG AS TANZANIA LNCH ANTI-GAY CRACKDOWN

In the early 1970s, most zaps foced on prottg negative reprentatns of gays and lbians televisn shows, films and newspapers, like ABC's "Marc Welby MD" (zapped 1973 for s nflatn of homosexualy and illns), and NBC's "Police Woman" (zapped 1974 by the Lbian Femist Liberatn group, for pictg a gang of lbian murrers targetg elrly people a nursg home). The biggt moment of the year volved former bety queen, sger, and Florida orange juice spokwoman Ana Bryant, who created the “Save Our Children” mpaign Miami, a Christian aln purportg to protect young people om recment by gay and lbian sexual predators. They relied on a “bchery” law that had been ed the early 2000s agast gay men and transgenr women and was revived wh a vengeance followg the 2013 up, when the ernment, led by Print Abl Fattah al-Sisi, appeared to embrace persecutn of gays and trans people as a polil strategy.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

The report also builds upon prev rearch nducted by Human Rights Watch wh LGBT activists and other LGBT people Lebanon, Tunisia, Moroc, Egypt, Kuwa, Iraq, and the Uned Arab Emirat, and on Human Rights Watch’s prev reportg on vlatns agast LGBT people the regn, cludg the reports Digny Debased: Forced Anal Examatns Homosexualy Prosecutns (2016); “It’s Part of the Job”: Ill-treatment and Torture of Vulnerable Groups Lebane Police Statns (2013); “‘They Hunt Down for Fun’: Discrimatn and Police Vlence Agast Transgenr Women Kuwa (2012); “They Want Us Extermated”: Murr, Torture, Sexual Orientatn and Genr Iraq (2009); and In a Time of Torture: The Asslt on Jtice In Egypt's Crackdown on Homosexual Conduct (2004). [7] Egypt is a serial offenr terms of systematic e of such provisns agast LGBT people: a law prohibg “bchery, ” ially promulgated 1951 for the purpose of crimalizg sex work and then replaced by Law 10/1961 on the Combatg of Prostutn, has been ed by the thori sce the 1990s to prosecute homosexual nduct between men, rultg hundreds of arrts. However, Egypt, a provisn on “cement to bchery” the 1961 law on batg prostutn was ed September 2017 agast young people spected of raisg the rabow flag at a Mashrou’ Leila ncert, and agast other people who were prosecuted after g gay datg apps or chat rooms.

Acrdg to an analysis by the Internatnal Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr and Intersex Associatn (ILGA), laws regulatg non-ernmental anizatns Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Moroc, Bahra, Jordan, Kuwa, Oman, Qatar, Sdi Arabia, and the Uned Arab Emirat make virtually impossible for anizatns workg on issu of sexual orientatn and genr inty to legally register. [31] The rise of the anizatn known as Islamic State (also known as ISIS), which killed dozens of gay men, as discsed below, has been creded part to s abily to “fill the power vacuum created by failg stat” the wake of the 2011 uprisgs.

Mubarak’s ernment had overseen a massive crackdown on gay men the early 2000s, tend part, acrdg to one Egyptian activist, “to prent an image as the guardian of public virtue, to flate an Islamist opposn movement that appear[ed] to be gag support every day. In 2009, fighters spected of affiliatn wh Muqtada al-Sadr’s Mahdi army, an armed group which publicly vilified gay and effemate men as “the third sex, ” kidnapped, tortured and murred as many as several hundred men a matter of months, most of them Baghdad.

GAY RIGHTS

An Iraqi activist livg another untry the regn said that although he is “out” as gay to a broad circle of iends, he mt be ut when anizg events that uld out him more publicly—not out of fear of what might happen to him his host untry, but bee of what might happen if he is ever returned to Iraq. Gay men and transgenr women have also scribed other forms of torture and ill-treatment at the hands of police officers and other members of secury forc the regn: beg beaten wh electric bl and raped wh an iron rod (Lebanon)[60]; police who “took off their belts and put them around our necks and ma walk like dogs” (Egypt)[61]; beg raped by police and then thrown out of a movg police r to the street (Kuwa)[62]; and beg hung upsi down om a hook the ceilg (Iraq). Human Rights Watch has documented such vlence Kuwa, where men sexually asslt transgenr women wh impuny[64]; Moroc, where people perceived to be gay or transgenr have been subjected to mob vlence[65]; and Iraq, where gay men reported severe beatgs and ath threats at the hands of their own fay members.

In 2017, there are dozens of LGBT anizatns operatg throughout the regn, workg on issu cludg homophobic and transphobic vlence, crimalizatn, forced anal ttg, legal aid, HIV preventn, genr equaly, media trag, digal secury, and outreach through the arts. In Libya, where a gay activist told Human Rights Watch that he only knew of two other people his untry that he would nsir to be LGBT rights activists, along wh about five other Libyans livg abroad, buildg muny is a prry—and the ter is regard as the saft place to do . A study published 2017 by OutRight Actn Internatnal found that Arabic language media tend to e “gradg and rogatory terms” when discsg LGBT people, equently ed relign to jtify transphobia and homophobia, and often ed accatns of homosexualy “as a tool to reputatns of dividuals regardls of the actual sexual orientatn of the person who is beg targeted.

In Oman, for example, 2013, state media regulators forced a newspaper to issue an apology after published an article suggtg that homosexualy is tolerated the untry, and 2015 they spend a rad statn after nducted an terview wh a gay Omani.