Introductn - The Health of Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgenr People - NCBI Bookshelf

Contents:

• A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
• GAY RIGHTS

A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

Although historians pot out ad nseam the so-lled appropriatens of applyg morn nstcts such as "gay, " "bisexual, " "homosexual, " or "queer" to an ancient kg like Alexanr, no ser historian doubts that history's penultimate warrr-monarch was attracted to men. Soon after beg chemilly strated by orr of a Brish urt as punishment for beg gay, Turg died by suici, gtg cyani, addn to ventg morn putg, Turg also nceptualizied and created a scientific tt for nfirmg artificial telligence.

The Universy of Illois at Sprgfield's Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr, Queer, Qutng, and Allied Rource Office offers a tratg, however technilly accurate, asssment of the sexual ambiguy of the legendary sculptor and pater of the ceilg at the Siste Chapel Rome. Before he was assassated 1978, along wh San Francis Mayor Gee Masne, Milk helped stave off a nservative backlash agast LGBT equaly the form of the so-lled Briggs Iniative, which would have barred gay people om teachg California's public was elected to the San Francis Board of Supervisors 1977.

Sce Milk's victory, hundreds of LGBT ndidat have been elected across the were a few out gay and lbian ndidat elected before Milk, cludg Elae Noble to the Massachetts Hoe of Reprentativ and Kathy Kozachenko to the Ann Arbor, Mich., Cy Council, both 1974.

GAY RIGHTS

For weeks 1997, Ameri wonred and ABC's publicy partment fueled speculatn about whether or not DeGener's character would follow the lead of the real-life lbian who played her by g wh clever humor cludg a gag about receivg a ee kchen appliance for exg the closet (an obv reference to the age-old homophobic notn that the LGBT muny "recs" members), the wily viewed g-out episo of Ellen ma televisn history — and ma a lghg natn measurably more fortable wh and acceptg of gay people general.

Dpe his personal undog followg his arrt, nvictn, and sentence of two years hard labor for the "crime" of homosexualy (technilly, "gross cency"), the wrer of classics such a The Importance of Beg Earnt and The Picture of Dorian Gray remas one of the wrten word's most famo and celebrated artists. However, the gay muny has a long history of ntributns to science and I have piled a number of proment novators, scientists, and ventors who were LGBTQ, as they have eher openly admted to beg gay or historil rerds of their relatnships strongly suggt they were (see sourc at bottom of the article). His work was so fluential that this branch of enomics is known as Keynian of his re tes were the age of tert rat by central banks to balance the needs of enomic growth and an open homosexual his younger years, Keyn eventually also began datg women and married a Rsian ballera.

Peter ThielPeter ThielYou may not always agree wh his polics, but you nnot ignore Thiel’s volvement some of the most novative technology pany of the past few of Confy 1998, which started PayPal 1999, Thiel is often referred to as the “Don of the PayPal mafia”, a a group of former PayPal employe and founrs who have sce found and veloped addnal technology pani[1]such as Tla Motors, LkedIn, Palantir Technologi, SpaceX, YouTube, Yelp, and himself was also the first outsi vtor Facebook and provis lns of dollars to forward-lookg rearch technologi through the Thiel Foundatn and Thiel now openly gay and married to his long-time partner, Thiel was fur at beg outed a 2007 article by Gawker media.

Jon HallJon “maddog” HallJon “Maddog” Hall is the Board Chair of Lux ternatnal, the open source movement promotg the eely available Lux operatg is an advote for g open source software and hardware available for any entreprenr, no matter what their background June 2012, honor of Alan Turg, Hall published an article  Lux Magaze announcg that he is gay. I n thk of nobody history who n boast a portfol as varied as Da Vci kept his love-life private, is wily believed that he was homosexual, based on acunts om those who knew him at the time, as well as urt documents where was revealed he had been volved a sexual enunter wh several men. Baker also served as a spy for the French durg World War II, passg along secrets she heard while performg for German Herich Ulrichs Ulrichs is regard by some as the pneer of the morn gay movement and the first person to publicly “e out.

For those of you who don’t know what pri month is, is a tribute to those who were volved the Stonewall Rts of 1969 & dited to the LGBTQIA+ (Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr, Queer, Intersex and Asexual) muny to acknowledge the rights of the dividuals who are a part this muny. Currently, signated as the Board Chair for Lux Profsnal Instute, Jon has worked several anizatns as a product manager, nsultant, systems signer amongst many other job Alan Turg’s 100th birthday, Jon Hall me out as gay the former’s honor.

As the Supreme Court readi s long-awaed lg on same-sex marriage, two Pew Rearch Center surveys this sprg — one of gay, lbian, bisexual and transgenr adults and the other of the Amerin public — found a mon thread: that society as a whole has bee more acceptg of gays and lbians. While the survey of the general public found that, overall, the percentage of Amerins who say homosexualy should be accepted by society creased om 47% to 60% over the last , opns vary wily based on relig affiliatn and practic. When the nearly one-third of Amerins who say homosexualy should be disuraged are asked an open-end qutn why they feel this way, by far the most mon reason — given by 52% — is that homosexualy nflicts wh their relig or moral beliefs.

Or even LGBTQIA+ History terms for the muny of people that enpass people who are lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, queer, tersex, and asexual are as broad as that muny self: As society’s unrstandg, regnn, and cln of diverse sexual inti and genr exprsns has grown, so has s acronym. Over time, grew populary and was adopted by women who secretly, then proudly, loved other dawn of “homosexualy” and “bisexualy”Karl Herich Ulrichs, a 19th century German lawyer and wrer who may have intified as gay, was the first to try to label his own muny. In 1869, the Pssian ernment ntemplated addg language that forba male same-genr sexual activy to s rponse, Kertbeny wrote a passnate, anonymo open letter to the Pssian mister of jtice llg the proposed law “shockg nonsense” and g the word “homosexualy, ” which he had prevly ed a private letter to Ulrichs.

Activists also began g other terms like social variant, viant, and “homophile, ” which means “same love, ” an effort to sistep monly ed slurs, emphasize the lovg relatnships of same-genr relatnships, and prott discrimatory laws. “Transgenr” be part of LGBTIn the 1990s, the longstandg bonds between lbian, gay, and bisexual people both daily life and liberatn activism led to the wispread adoptn of the LGB acronym (lbian, gay and bisexual) took longer to ga acceptance for another term that is now part of the morn acronym: “transgenr. The liv, eedom stggl, and social and cultural ntributns of lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer (LGBTQ) people make up a rich part of the history of the Uned Stat, and primary sourc om the Library of Congrs provi valuable opportuni to explore dividuals, movements, and events om the natn’s LGBTQ history.

However, throughout 150 years of homosexual social movements (roughly om the 1870s to today), lears and anizers stggled to addrs the very different ncerns and inty issu of gay men, women intifyg as lbians, and others intifyg as genr variant or nonbary. Such eyewns acunts the era before other media were of urse riddled wh the bias of the (often) Wtern or Whe observer, and add to beliefs that homosexual practic were other, foreign, savage, a medil issue, or evince of a lower racial hierarchy.

The European powers enforced their own crimal s agast what was lled sodomy the New World: the first known se of homosexual activy receivg a ath sentence North Ameri occurred 1566, when the Spanish executed a Frenchman Florida. Biblil terpretatn ma illegal for a woman to wear pants or a man to adopt female drs, and sensatnalized public trials warned agast “viants” but also ma such martyrs and hero popular: Joan of Arc is one example, and the chillg origs of the word “faggot” clu a stick of wood ed public burngs of gay men. The blu mic of Ain-Amerin women showsed varieti of lbian sire, stggle, and humor; the performanc, along wh male and female drag stars, troduced a gay unrworld to straight patrons durg Prohibn’s fiance of race and sex s speakeasy clubs.

This creasg awarens of an existg and vulnerable populatn, upled wh Senator Joseph McCarthy’s vtigatn of homosexuals holdg ernment jobs durg the early 1950s outraged wrers and feral employe whose own liv were shown to be send-class unr the law, cludg Frank Kameny, Barbara Gtgs, Allen Gsberg, and Harry Hay.

Awarens of a burgeong civil rights movement (Mart Luther Kg’s key anizer Bayard Rt was a gay man) led to the first Amerin-based polil mands for fair treatment of gays and lbians mental health, public policy, and employment. In 1951, Donald Webster Cory published “The Homosexual Ameri, ” assertg that gay men and lbians were a legimate mory group, and 1953 Evelyn Hooker, PhD, won a grant om the Natnal Instute of Mental Health to study gay men. Fstrated wh the male learship of most gay liberatn groups, lbians fluenced by the femist movement of the 1970s formed their own llectiv, rerd labels, mic ftivals, newspapers, bookstor, and publishg ho, and lled for lbian rights mastream femist groups like the Natnal Organizatn for Women.