The gay rights movement the Uned Stat began the 1920s and saw huge progrs the 2000s, wh laws prohibg homosexual activy stck down and a Supreme Court lg legalizg same-sex marriage.
Contents:
A BRIEF HISTORY OF LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
Gay Pri, annual celebratn, ually June the Uned Stat and sometim at other tim other untri, of lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer (LGBTQ) inty. Gay Pri memorat the Stonewall rts New York Cy of June 28, 1969. * lgbt people in history *
Although historians pot out ad nseam the so-lled appropriatens of applyg morn nstcts such as "gay, " "bisexual, " "homosexual, " or "queer" to an ancient kg like Alexanr, no ser historian doubts that history's penultimate warrr-monarch was attracted to men.
Soon after beg chemilly strated by orr of a Brish urt as punishment for beg gay, Turg died by suici, gtg cyani, addn to ventg morn putg, Turg also nceptualizied and created a scientific tt for nfirmg artificial telligence. The Universy of Illois at Sprgfield's Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgenr, Queer, Qutng, and Allied Rource Office offers a tratg, however technilly accurate, asssment of the sexual ambiguy of the legendary sculptor and pater of the ceilg at the Siste Chapel Rome.
Before he was assassated 1978, along wh San Francis Mayor Gee Masne, Milk helped stave off a nservative backlash agast LGBT equaly the form of the so-lled Briggs Iniative, which would have barred gay people om teachg California's public was elected to the San Francis Board of Supervisors 1977.
GAY PRI
* lgbt people in history *
Sce Milk's victory, hundreds of LGBT ndidat have been elected across the were a few out gay and lbian ndidat elected before Milk, cludg Elae Noble to the Massachetts Hoe of Reprentativ and Kathy Kozachenko to the Ann Arbor, Mich., Cy Council, both 1974. For weeks 1997, Ameri wonred and ABC's publicy partment fueled speculatn about whether or not DeGener's character would follow the lead of the real-life lbian who played her by g wh clever humor cludg a gag about receivg a ee kchen appliance for exg the closet (an obv reference to the age-old homophobic notn that the LGBT muny "recs" members), the wily viewed g-out episo of Ellen ma televisn history — and ma a lghg natn measurably more fortable wh and acceptg of gay people general. Dpe his personal undog followg his arrt, nvictn, and sentence of two years hard labor for the "crime" of homosexualy (technilly, "gross cency"), the wrer of classics such a The Importance of Beg Earnt and The Picture of Dorian Gray remas one of the wrten word's most famo and celebrated artists.
However, throughout 150 years of homosexual social movements (roughly om the 1870s to today), lears and anizers stggled to addrs the very different ncerns and inty issu of gay men, women intifyg as lbians, and others intifyg as genr variant or nonbary. Such eyewns acunts the era before other media were of urse riddled wh the bias of the (often) Wtern or Whe observer, and add to beliefs that homosexual practic were other, foreign, savage, a medil issue, or evince of a lower racial hierarchy.
The European powers enforced their own crimal s agast what was lled sodomy the New World: the first known se of homosexual activy receivg a ath sentence North Ameri occurred 1566, when the Spanish executed a Frenchman Florida. Biblil terpretatn ma illegal for a woman to wear pants or a man to adopt female drs, and sensatnalized public trials warned agast “viants” but also ma such martyrs and hero popular: Joan of Arc is one example, and the chillg origs of the word “faggot” clu a stick of wood ed public burngs of gay men. The blu mic of Ain-Amerin women showsed varieti of lbian sire, stggle, and humor; the performanc, along wh male and female drag stars, troduced a gay unrworld to straight patrons durg Prohibn’s fiance of race and sex s speakeasy clubs.
GAY RIGHTS
This creasg awarens of an existg and vulnerable populatn, upled wh Senator Joseph McCarthy’s vtigatn of homosexuals holdg ernment jobs durg the early 1950s outraged wrers and feral employe whose own liv were shown to be send-class unr the law, cludg Frank Kameny, Barbara Gtgs, Allen Gsberg, and Harry Hay. Awarens of a burgeong civil rights movement (Mart Luther Kg’s key anizer Bayard Rt was a gay man) led to the first Amerin-based polil mands for fair treatment of gays and lbians mental health, public policy, and employment.
In 1951, Donald Webster Cory published “The Homosexual Ameri, ” assertg that gay men and lbians were a legimate mory group, and 1953 Evelyn Hooker, PhD, won a grant om the Natnal Instute of Mental Health to study gay men. Fstrated wh the male learship of most gay liberatn groups, lbians fluenced by the femist movement of the 1970s formed their own llectiv, rerd labels, mic ftivals, newspapers, bookstor, and publishg ho, and lled for lbian rights mastream femist groups like the Natnal Organizatn for Women. And polil actn explod through the Natnal Gay and Lbian Task Force, the Human Rights Campaign, the electn of openly gay and lbian reprentativ like Elae Noble and Barney Frank, and, 1979, the first march on Washgton for gay rights.
The creasg expansn of a global LGBT rights movement suffered a setback durg the 1980s, as the gay male muny was cimated by the Aids epimic, mands for passn and medil fundg led to renewed alns between men and women as well as angry street theatre by groups like Aids Coaln to Unleash Power (ACT UP) and Queer Natn. In the same era, one wg of the polil gay movement lled for an end to ary expulsn of gay, lbian, and bisexual soldiers, wh the high-profile se of Colonel Margarethe Cammermeyer publicized through a ma-for-televisn movie, “Servg Silence. Wh greater media attentn to gay and lbian civil rights the 1990s, trans and tersex voic began to ga space through works such as Kate Boernste’s “Genr Outlaw” (1994) and “My Genr Workbook” (1998), Ann Fsto-Sterlg’s “Myths of Genr” (1992) and Llie Feberg’s “Transgenr Warrrs” (1998), enhancg shifts women’s and genr studi to bee more clive of transgenr and nonbary inti.