Stigma and Discrimatn Affects Gay and Bisexual Men's Health | CDC

Contents:

• 15 STEREOTYP THAT LIM OUR PERCEPTNS OF GAY MEN
• GAY STEREOTYP: ARE THEY TE?
• WHAT ABOUT THE GUYS WHO DO F THE 'GAY STEREOTYPE'?
• RACIAL STEREOTYPG OF GAY MEN: CAN A MORY SEXUAL ORIENTATN ERASE RACE?☆,☆☆
• PHYSIL, BEHAVRAL, AND PSYCHOLOGIL TRAS OF GAY MEN INTIFYG AS BEARS
• HOW TO LOOK GREAT AS A GAY MAN
• THE GAY VOICE
• WHAT DO PEOPLE BELIEVE ABOUT GAY MAL? A STUDY OF STEREOTYPE NTENT AND STRENGTH
• STEREOTYP, EMOTNS, AND BEHAVRS TOWARD LBIANS, GAY MEN, BISEXUAL WOMEN, AND BISEXUAL MEN
• OP-ED: 6 GAY CLICHéS THAT ARE TOTALLY TE

15 STEREOTYP THAT LIM OUR PERCEPTNS OF GAY MEN

Stereotyp about gay men are stctive to both how society views , as well as to how we view society mak fun of and gras gay men for thgs that are patently unte, young gay men are left whout proper role mols, failed by a society that scrib them wh generalizatns. Stereotyp may be ground the tth or be plete and utter falsehoods, but they are dangero regardls of where they e opprsn and reprsn of gay men throughout history — om ancient tim and early Christiany to the morn AIDS crisis — has been rooted fear and falsi. Gay men are tryg to stroy your marriag, take the Christ out of Christmas and brg the wrath of God upon our, Rh Limbgh, but we are not tryg to value your fourth marriage (That actually might be you, Mr.

Not all straight men are bad drsers, " he is rearch that suggts gay men do prefer certa profsns, like fashn, terr sign and hair lorg, and that lbians are more likely to prefer sports and the ary.

GAY STEREOTYP: ARE THEY TE?

Rearchers say 's bee lbians, on average, are attracted to more mascule occupatns, and gay men tend to prefer more feme is te that hostily toward gay people drove many away om some other profsns.

"Whether you work, you know, as an artist or a sger or a dancer, those are all really creative plac where gay people are embraced, " Krsley saidIncreasgly gay people are visible every profsn. You n tell far better than chance who's a gay man om jt listeng to him say four sentenc, " Bailey Bailey's help, "20/20" ran a tt 2004 to see if people uld tell who was gay and who was straight. But people should also be acceptg of men, gay or straight, who don't nform to tradnal genr Los Angel Galaxy midfielr Robbie Rogers took the pch on Sunday, he beme the first openly gay man to play on a major profsnal team the U.

WHAT ABOUT THE GUYS WHO DO F THE 'GAY STEREOTYPE'?

(Danny Moloshok/Rters)A uple weeks ago, Mark Carson, a 32-year-old gay man drsed a tank top, cut-off shorts, and boots, was walkg wh his iend the Wt Village when they were approached by Ellt Moral.

There have been 29 reported this year, up om 14 the same perd last year, even as hate crim overall have cled durg that time by almost 30 recent uptick anti-gay vlence also durg the same month that three more stat passed laws legalizg same-sex marriage and jt weeks after NBA veteran Jason Colls revealed that he is gay—and was largely greeted wh open arms by the sports world. But Ayanbajo got to the heart of why the importance of a figure like Jason Colls extends beyond the celebry factor: "People thk gayns has somethg to do wh femy when really we jt need to erase that stereotype om our mds, " he said. And sce for women, we thk gayns "has somethg to do wh" masculy, we hold the opposg set of assumptns about female athlet: "In sports right now, there are two different stereotyp—that there are no gay male athlet, and every female athlete is a lbian, " Patrick Burke of the gay sports advocy group You Can Play explaed to the New York Tim.

The news that Grer, who wore a whe tux on her 6-foot-8 ame at the WNBA draft, is gay didn't fundamentally challenge our notn that sexualy has somethg to do wh genr—and jt nfirmed the stereotyp we had about women who excel sports. In his semal 1994 article "Masculy as Homophobia, " soclogist Michael Kimmel, thor of Guyland: The Perilo World Where Boys Bee Men, argued that "homophobia is a central anizg prciple of our cultural fn of manhood.

RACIAL STEREOTYPG OF GAY MEN: CAN A MORY SEXUAL ORIENTATN ERASE RACE?☆,☆☆

"Homophobia, then, is not simply social disapproval and discrimatn agast gay people, but an entire cultural stcture that disqualifyg all but the "most vilent repudiators of femy" om "real manhood"— the procs upholdg genr equaly and matag a hierarchy of men based on sexualy, race, class, abily, and so 's entirely unrstandable, then, why Colls took pas to highlight his masculy his Sports Illtrated article announcg the news. About two-thirds of the public thks that gay and lbian upl n be as good parents as heterosexual upl and that they should have the same legal rights as their straight young people, pecially, anti-gay views are cidly the exceptn.

Ever sce we've been askg about public opn polls, men have been more likely than women to poe anti-gay views—a fact that buttrsed the theory that masculy is timately nnected wh homophobia, says Tristan Bridg, assistant profsor of soclogy at The College at Brockport, SUNY. Though homophobia is by no means eradited—after all, Bridg pots out, straight men pecially still seem be far more fortable wh gay inty than actual gay sex—the largely supportive rponse to Colls and Rogers g out would seem to reflect a real and rapid change anti-gay attus, which should certaly be 's far ls clear is whether this shift is actually changg the way homophobia is ed as a weapon for matag tradnal masculy. " Acrdg to Anrson, homophobia only serv a weapon for enforcg genr norms an environment of "homohysteria"— which there is both wispread social disapproval of homosexualy and beg gay is associated wh femy.

Are creasgly more acceptg of their gay peers—as well as ls aggrsive and sexist, and more emotnally timate and physilly affectnate wh their male others aren't nvced of such a large-sle transformatn. Anrson argu that sce sports have historilly been highly homophobic spac, other male groups are likely to be moreclive than the primarily whe, straight, middle-upper class llege athlet he has rearched.

PHYSIL, BEHAVRAL, AND PSYCHOLOGIL TRAS OF GAY MEN INTIFYG AS BEARS

For starters, the growg acceptance of homosexualy has been slow to translate to a change for LGBT youth, acrdg to GLSEN's natnal school climate survey, which has been nducted every two years sce 1999. And don't get much better for adults: Nety percent of the trans and genr non-nformg people surveyed by the Natnal Gay and Lbian Task Force and the Natnal Center for Transgenr Equaly reported experiencg harassment, mistreatment, or discrimatn on the job, or hid their inti to avoid . And though steppg too far outsi of acceptable genr norms is seen as a problem for everyone, to a gree, women may even be reward for distancg themselv om femy at is not to say that clg homophobia don't have the potential to lead to a ser reimagg of masculy more broadly.

" But if they still shout "cunt" and "psy" as they physilly abe their athlet, that will be superficial progrs fact, if the associatn between gayns and femy is broken whout more fundamentally expandg masculy, may even make thgs worse. Gawker's Rich Juzwiak explaed last year, "As a gay, you unrstand that while you'll always fd peers who allow you to be exactly as queeny as you are, there is still a social hierarchy that puts a premium on masculy. A 2017 survey for Attu magaze polled around 5, 000 gay, queer, or bisexual men—and a staggerg 69 percent of them admted that their sexual orientatn ma them feel ls mascule at some pot their liv.

HOW TO LOOK GREAT AS A GAY MAN

IntroductnWh 100 lisends of seeg someone's face for the first time, we make up our mds about what their genr is, what their race is, whether they are old or young, and even about whether they are homosexual or heterosexual (Todorov, Olivola, Dotsch, & Men-Siedlecki, 2015). As such, unrstandg the factors that accentuate or attenuate how stereotypic someone seems of their racial group is of broad tert to psychologists and laypeople prcipal hypothis—that gay (vs.

Non-gay) members of a racial group, the addn of stereotypilly gay characteristics n displace, nflict wh, and potentially erase racial characteristics that would otherwise be prent the group prototype.

Non-gay) members of all racial and ethnic far, we have argued that when prototyp of gay men are bed wh prototyp of particular racial groups, the prumptns of heterosexualy herent the racial prototyp are challenged ways that rce racial prototypily. Soclogil analys nfirm that gay men are often picted the media as enomilly fortable Whe men (Barrett & Pollack, 2005; Bébé, 2001; Shugart, 2003; Valocchi, 1999), spe the much greater diversy that actually characteriz gay muni (e.

THE GAY VOICE

While qualative data document such self-intifiers as mascule-actg gay men who weigh more and have more body hair, there has to date been no quantative analysis of this group’s characteristics.

WHAT DO PEOPLE BELIEVE ABOUT GAY MAL? A STUDY OF STEREOTYPE NTENT AND STRENGTH

Keywords: Bears, Gay Culture, Gay and Bisexual Men, Self-teem, Masculy, ObyINTRODUCTIONThe gay muny is ultimately a heterogeneo one wh many subgroups and subcultur—one of the monali among them beg the sire to have same-sex enunters. Bee there is a arth of general rearch regardg this muny, and no studi to date that e quantative methods, we cid to explore this muny quantatively—g an Inter-nvenience sample, followed by a purposive suggted, the Bear culture exhibs and valu a greater sense of domant (but not necsarily domeerg) “thentic masculy” parison to other subcultur wh the gay muny (e. In rponse and ntrast wh Leathermen, Bears mata their mascule inty whout adoptg negative hypermascule tennci to acmodate all partners, spe their size or body is some theoretil support for why the Bear inty spltered om the gay male mastream culture.

Popular culture, the media, and Wtern hetero- and homosexual expectatns have normalized the ial male body as one that is lean, mcular, and v-shaped (wh broad shoulrs, a narrow waist, and a flat but well-fed stomach) (Olivardia, Pope, Borowiecki, & Cohane, 2000).

STEREOTYP, EMOTNS, AND BEHAVRS TOWARD LBIANS, GAY MEN, BISEXUAL WOMEN, AND BISEXUAL MEN

G., poor self-image/self-teem) velop both heterosexual and homosexual men exhibg ls sirable physil tras (Beren, Hayn, Wilfley, & Grilo, 1996; Morrison, Morrison, & Sager, 2004; Pepl et al., 2009; Weer, 2009; Yelland & Tiggemann, 2003).

Whereas mastream gay men often do not engage sired or preferred sexual behavrs bee of fears of rejectn or judgment (Kamski, Chapman, Hayn, & Own, 2004), those the more acceptg Bear muny reject the fears due to their beg ultimately “feme” nature (Hennen, 2005). G., uratn, fistg, voyrism, exhibnism) (Grov, Parsons, & Bimbi, 2010) to the active existence of the Bear muny and regnn of this subculture by the larger gay/bisexual male culture, more rearch is need to explore the gree to which the prevly mentned physil, behavral, and psychologil differenc actually exist. Consirg the likely prevalence of a Bear inty may be held (wh varyg tenaci) by about 14–22% of gay men, the rults provi addnal evince for the manift and latent heterogeney of gay and bisexual rults regardg body tras and partner selectn nfirm, for the first time a systematic manner, fdgs documented prev terview and ethnographic studi.

To be able to take a fist or urate on another man may be how the men exemplify their form of masculy—particularly a sexual climate where most gay men do not want to, nnot, or will not enact the behavrs. Regardls of the potential explanatn, Bears appear to be more sexually diverse and explorative than mastream gay and bisexual rults documented lower self-teem, which ntradicted both our hypothis and others’ terview rearch (e. In this rpect, Bears may overtimate and overstate re towards partners to self-prent as beg distct om men adherg to the mastream gay culture (which are often stereotyped as treatg partners as disposable) (Isay, 2009).

OP-ED: 6 GAY CLICHéS THAT ARE TOTALLY TE

A portra emerg om the Bear rults that supports a theory for why the gay muny ultimately is so heterogeneo (and th produc the high gree of spoff subcultur): Cultur facilate succsful same-sex enunters.