Gay Talkg Pots on Rudy - POLITICO

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* IS RUDY GIULIANI GAY

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grid-full-bleed grid-no-gap SplScreenContentHearMa-fNigKG daohZh"><div class="GridItem-buujkM eHLzLy grid--em"><div class="SplScreenContentHearTleBlock-sCMXE jActCi"><div data-ttid="ContentHearRubric"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX dZhWBL bric SplScreenContentHearRubric-cLHEJQ ildzkT"><a class="RubricLk-gRWSOU fgWnkQ bric__lk" href="/magaze/books"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Books</span></a></div></div><h1 data-ttid="ContentHearHed" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SplScreenContentHearHed-lcUSuI iUEiRd NbxED dfelga">Was Rudy Giuliani Always So Awful?</h1><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SplScreenContentHearDek-emptdL iUEiRd wOnsu dJrDEb">A lively new bgraphy explor how the man once celebrated as “Ameri’s mayor” fell to disgrace.</div><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl SplScreenContentHearByle-kvEhqE ejWxsm"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH bwbwth byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn lOLCm byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG uhfVi byle__preamble">By </span><a class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM ByleLk-gEnFiw iUEiRd ggMZaT cXqSTL brYZgj byle__name-lk button" href="/ntributors/louis-menand">Louis Menand</a></span></span></p></div><time data-ttid="ContentHearPublishDate" dateTime="2022-09-19T06:00:00-04:00" class="SplScreenContentHearPublishDate-bMGEVk gvRvVr">September 19, 2022</time><div class="SocialInsWrapper-hKMEXV ffgPVr social-ins social-ins--standard SplScreenContentHearSocialShare-gSVclr kUKgnn"><ul data-ttid="socialInslist" class="SocialInsList-cHVTIA ivmblD social-ins__list"><li class="SocialInsListItem-mbhR hHoUCw social-ins__list-em social-ins__list-em--facebook social-ins__list-em--standard thner"><a aria-label="Share on Facebook" class="external-lk SocialInExternalLk-huuzOU 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class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M20 23.9508L12.5 19.7312L5 23.9508V2.95081H14V3.93211H6V22.1845L12.5 18.5536L19 22.1845V8.83866H20V23.9508Z" fill="black"></path><path class="in-bookmark-stroke" d="M23 3H20V0H19V3H16V4H19V7H20V4H23V3Z" fill="black"></path></svg></div></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM eHLzLy grid--em"><div class="SplScreenContentHearLeadWrapper-jYfGAC kBeEbL"><div data-ttid="ContentHearLeadAsset" class="SplScreenContentHearLeBlock-nUOA cwQiEB"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW jvZaPI rponsive-asset SplScreenContentHearLe-bGywFh gyNssY"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SplScreenContentHearLe-bGywFh gyNssY rponsive-image"><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w, 1920w, 2240w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Image may nta Tie Accsori Accsory Human Person Glass Su Coat Clothg Overat Apparel and Face" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></picture></span></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK eRggVV grid grid-margs grid-ems-0 SplScreenContentHearGrid-kFpOdh fLkIyA"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn SplScreenContentHearCaptn-iOfEOv ckLUKG"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo iXWezO ptn__text">Andrew Kirtzman lks Giuliani’s scent to “the temptatns of power and money.”</span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Photograph by Mark Peterson / Rx</span></div></div></div></hear></div><div data-attribute-verso-pattern="article-body" class="ArticlePageContentBackGround-cNiFNN kbAoLA article-body__ntent"><div class="ActnBarWrapperContent-lasBkU cAHp"><div class="ActnBarWrapperComponent-cjwxLS bEeSLb"><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="ActnBarWrapper-dhxmQh kNjTbQ 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class="body__ner-ntaer"><figure data-ttid="IameEmbed" class="IameEmbedWrapper-sc-dRedg cjyRVU iame-embed"><div data-ttid="IameEmbedContaer" class="IameEmbedContaer-hptgUZ fXVBaX"><div class="IameEmbedAspectRatWrapper-hFVJps BKpgQ"><iame class="IameEmbedContent-cMdiev csnuAY IameEmbedContent lazyload" height="90" width="100%" sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-orig allow-popups" tle="Embedd Frame" data-src=" allowfullscreen="" allow="toplay *; encrypted-media *; clipboard-wre; toplay; fullscreen; picture--picture"></iame></div></div></figure><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">Mayor of New York Cy is famoly a ad-end job. The last New York mayor to w higher office was John T. Hoffman, and that was 1868. He beme ernor. Every mayor sce then has found the way up barred. And, for some, the way up turned to the way down.</p><p class="paywall">The mayors are often a ltle surprised by this reversal of fortune. The assumptn seems to be: If I n ern there, I n ern anywhere. This may or may not be te. What is te is that New York Cy’s mayors have had a hard time gettg non-New Yorkers to vote for them. After all, you’re not likely to be elected Print of the Uned Stat by promisg to make the untry more like New York. You basilly have to n agast your own home town.</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">When John V. Ldsay, who was elected mayor 1965 and beme one of the untry’s hight-profile policians, ran for Print, 1972, he was forced to drop out after fishg fifth the Florida primary, where he had unted on gettg the vot of retired New Yorkers. He qu polics after a 1980 New York Senate bid, joed two law firms, and ma regular appearanc on “Good Morng Ameri,” but health problems and the llapse of both firms nearly wiped him out. In 1996, an ally on the Cy Council arranged for this once charismatic and mandg figure to be given two sentially ceremonial appotments cy ernment jt so he uld have health surance.</p><p class="paywall">Ed Koch (1978-89) ran for ernor 1982 and lost to <a href=">Mar Cuomo</a> the Democratic primary after makg disparagg remarks about life upstate. It’s a pretty basic le New York polics that you don’t do that if you want to be ernor. After Koch left Cy Hall, his activi clud movie reviewg, servg as a replacement for Judge Wapner on “The People’s Court,” and keepg alive his reputatn as a great tummler.</p><p class="paywall"><a href=">Michael Bloomberg</a> (2002-13), like Koch a three-term mayor, spent a billn dollars of his own money, a rerd, the 2020 Printial primari and won a grand total of fifty-ne legat before droppg out. He did rry Amerin Samoa on Super Tuday. He is now eighty years old and unlikely to n for anythg the future.</p><p class="paywall"><a href=">Bill Blas</a> (2014-21) entered those Printial primari 2019, while he was still mayor. His poll numbers hovered between one per cent and zero. This May, he announced that he was nng for Congrs the 10th Congrsnal District, which clus wtern Brooklyn, where he liv. In July, after polls showed him nng seventh, he dropped out. He says that he is leavg electoral polics.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">Then there is <a href=">Rudy Giuliani</a>. Let’s pass over the drippg hair dye; the Pennsylvania parkg-lot “electn d” prs nference, where a wns turned out to be a nvicted sex offenr; the on-air screamg match wh Piers Man, Chris Cuomo, and others; the embarrassg punkg at the hands of Sacha Baron Cohen; his hostg a Rsian disrmatn agent on his podst. At the end of the day, Rudy Giuliani is a lawyer whose unsel led to his client’s beg impeached twice.</p><p class="paywall">Sce the 2020 electn, Giuliani has had his law license spend New York and Washgton, D.C. (Ls nsequentially, perhaps, Syrace Universy is nsirg revokg his honorary gree.) Two of his former associat, Lev Parnas and Igor Fman, have been nvicted of feral crim and sentenced to prison. Giuliani himself is a target the quiry to efforts to terfere the rults of the 2020 Printial electn Geia, and some observers, cludg Ken Frydman, a former prs secretary om his 1993 mayoral mpaign, thk he will be dicted.</p><p class="paywall">And he is beg sued for famatn by Domn Votg Systems for spreadg falsehoods about s votg mach. He mataed, among other unte thgs, that Domn’s software had been vented Venezuela for Hugo Chávez to steal electns.</p><p class="paywall">Durg his last year as mayor, Giuliani claimed (amid divorce proceedgs, so a gra of salt is necsary) that he was worth seven thoand dollars. But he got rich virtually overnight through a management-and-secury nsultg firm, Giuliani Partners, that he found shortly after leavg Cy Hall—and shortly after September 11th had ma him an ternatnal celebry.</p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">Giuliani Partners started out as a pure buck-rakg operatn. The Mayor and his partners had ltle if any experience management nsultg. And would be a stretch to say that they had any experience secury, apart om havg lived through the greatt secury failure Amerin history. Many were croni of the Mayor’s om cy ernment.</p><p class="paywall">As Andrew Kirtzman puts his lively new bgraphy, “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Giuliani: The Rise and Tragic Fall of Ameri’s Mayor</a>” (Simon & Schter), they evintly lculated that “Giuliani’s fame and reputatn for tegry uld be squeezed like a washcloth for all typ of moneymakg ventur.” They lculated rrectly. In 2002 alone, Giuliani took an timated eight ln dollars speakg fe. A spoff outf, Giuliani Capal Advisors, ma $84.7 ln 2004. By 2007, Giuliani’s worth was timated to be thirty ln dollars. At one pot, he owned six hom, cludg a ne-room -op on the Upper East Si and a hoe the Hamptons, and had eleven untry-club memberships.</p><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kKwZhx rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="RponsiveCartoonWrapper-iTMMjI eXTYsS rponsive-rtoon AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset viewport-monor-anchor"><a class="external-lk rponsive-rtoon__image-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa RponsiveCartoonImage-hzNqyc ikeCcH rponsive-rtoon__image rponsive-image"><noscript><img alt="Speech bubble g out of ear of person who should be listeng" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" 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ButtonWrapper-xCepQ bqVKKv YsOBB button button--primary-pair RponsiveCartoonInButton-hBCBMq lpsjql" data-event-click="{"element":"Button"}" data-ttid="Button" type="button"><span class="ButtonLabel-cjAuJN bBWXSg button__label">Shop</span><div class="ButtonInWrapper-gFdzAL bPDyTT button__in-ntaer"><svg class="in in-rt" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Shop</tle><g clip-path="url(#clip0_3732_178638)"><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M4 3H2V4H4.23828L6.99617 15.2631C7.11483 15.6982 7.50998 16 7.96094 16H18.0365C18.4875 16 18.8826 15.6982 19.0013 15.2631L20.9648 7.26312C21.1383 6.62698 20.6594 6 20 6H10V7H20L18.0365 15H7.96094L5.03652 3H4.58055H4ZM10.0365 19C10.0365 19.5523 9.58881 20 9.03652 20C8.48424 20 8.03652 19.5523 8.03652 19C8.03652 18.4477 8.48424 18 9.03652 18C9.58881 18 10.0365 18.4477 10.0365 19ZM11.0365 19C11.0365 20.1046 10.1411 21 9.03652 21C7.93195 21 7.03652 20.1046 7.03652 19C7.03652 17.8954 7.93195 17 9.03652 17C10.1411 17 11.0365 17.8954 11.0365 19ZM18.0365 19C18.0365 19.5523 17.5888 20 17.0365 20C16.4842 20 16.0365 19.5523 16.0365 19C16.0365 18.4477 16.4842 18 17.0365 18C17.5888 18 18.0365 18.4477 18.0365 19ZM19.0365 19C19.0365 20.1046 18.1411 21 17.0365 21C15.932 21 15.0365 20.1046 15.0365 19C15.0365 17.8954 15.932 17 17.0365 17C18.1411 17 19.0365 17.8954 19.0365 19Z" fill="black"></path></g><fs><clipPath id="clip0_3732_178638"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="whe"></rect></clipPath><clipPath id="clip1_3732_178638"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="whe"></rect></clipPath></fs></svg></div></button></div></div></div></span></div></figure><p class="paywall">But his work for Donald Tmp has reportedly brought him to the brk of bankptcy. When he tried to get paid for his servic, Tmp stiffed him. (Giuliani apparently failed to notice the one-way sign on the Tmp loyalty street.) He now hawks llectible s, health products, and cigars on his podst, “Rudy Giuliani’s Common Sense,” and sells vio msag on Cameo for four hundred dollars apiece. In April, he appeared on “The Masked Sger,” where he offered his rendn of “Bad to the Bone” a rooster stume. This is someone whom Oprah Wey lled “Ameri’s mayor,” who was named “Person of the Year” by <em>Time</em>, who had an honorary knighthood btowed on him by the Queen of England. What happened?</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">The rough answer suggted Kirtzman’s book is that a posture of moral rectu, stilled Giuliani by his Catholic tn and ma to a powerful polil weapon by a personaly that, as a iend said, lacks the fear gene, succumbed to Mammon. Righteons, as often do, morphed to self-righteons. After lnchg his reer as a feral prosecutor and wng nvictns of Wall Street si trars like Ivan Boky, Giuliani seems to have cid that rich were his due. Back private practice, he began takg on all sorts of sketchy clients, om Purdue Pharma to the Mujahien-e-Khalq, an exiled Iranian ia group that, llaboratn wh Saddam Hse, had slghtered Kurds.</p><p class="paywall">Of urse, bad guys need lawyers, too. The trouble was that Giuliani was shg on a reputatn for honty and proby wh unseemly avidy. He evintly didn’t re about how looked. “His scent was the rult of a seri of moral promis ma over the years as the temptatns of power and money grew,” Kirtzman wr. “By the time he reached an advanced age all those promis left him an empty vsel, filled wh a sire for power and ltle more. Alhol, and a toxic marriage, were exacerbatg factors, though not the e.”</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><asi class="PersistentAsiWrapper-VGrR daRVRt persistent-asi" style="posn:absolute;top:to;height:to" data-ttid="PersistentAsiWrapper"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssS ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="fccw57"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></asi></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssS ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="pzwpqr"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">The “toxic marriage” was to Judh Nathan, a sal manager at Bristol Myers Squibb, whom he met a cigar lounge on the Upper East Si 1999 and who beme his third wife. Kirtzman says that she was loathed by everyone Giuliani’s circle, regard as “eply manipulative and obssed wh stat and money.” As Giuliani’s former chief of staff Tony Carboti explaed the matter to Kirtzman, “She’s a horrible human beg.”</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-2 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">In Kirtzman’s acunt, Judh was mandg, qutned everyone’s loyalty, and seems to have had a ath grip on her man, who was terrified of her displeasure. Giuliani’s children, Carole and Andrew, stopped speakg to him for years. (Andrew later beme a golfg buddy of Tmp’s, worked the Tmp Whe Hoe, and, this year, ran for the Republin nomatn for ernor of New York, wh his father’s support. Dpe the name regnn, he lost by twenty pots.) The uple’s divorce, 2019, was bterly ntted.</p><p class="paywall">And alhol do seem to be part of the story. Giuliani was always a red-meat, Stch-and-cigars kd of person, but the drkg appears to have bee ser after the bacle of his Printial n, 2008. That mpaign was right out of the “New York mayor bombs on the big stage” playbook. In November, 2006, Giuliani was ranked the most popular polician the untry, and he went to the Republin primari as the clear ont-nner. In July, 2007, he was eighteen pots ahead the polls.</p><p class="paywall">Then the New York curse kicked . In November, Giuliani’s pal and bs partner Bernard Kerik, whom he had named police missner (spe the fact that Kerik had never fished high school), was dicted on sixteen unts of rptn. (Kerik later plead guilty to some of the charg and served three years prison. In 2020, he was pardoned by Print Tmp. In the Tmp gift shop, pardons are cheap.)</p><p class="paywall">There was also a brief to-do about the fact that Giuliani Partners had worked for the ernment of Qatar, a natn that had given haven to Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who was named the prcipal archect of the September 11th attacks. And me out that, while Giuliani was mayor, he had ed the budgets of obscure cy agenci like the Office for People wh Disabili to ver travel expens, which some people nnected to secret trysts he was havg the Hamptons.</p><p class="paywall">Giuliani’s affair wh Judh, while he was still married to his send wife, Donna Hanover, did not s well wh social nservativ the Party’s base. (Giuliani had had his first marriage, to Rega Peggi, annulled on the ground that they were send s. He did not rm her that he was dog this.) Nor were nservativ happy wh his relatively liberal—that is, New Yorker—views on issu like gun ntrol and abortn. A man who prospered through bluntns, he stggled to sp his posns rightward. In January, he fished sixth the Iowa uc and fourth the New Hampshire primary. He got two per cent of the vote South Carola.</p><p class="paywall">Florida, as had for John Ldsay, alt the fatal blow. The mpaign had doubled down the state (those New York retire!), but Giuliani took only fifteen per cent of the vote, good for third place. He dropped out of the race, his mpaign havg burned through sixty ln dollars and end up four ln bt. He had one legate. Giuliani’s reer natnal polics was over before had properly begun. He and Judh were taken by an old iend, who let them stay at his tate, Mar-a-Lago. No one else would have them.</p><p class="paywall">In the years that followed, Giuliani drank heavily. “He was always fallg shfaced somewhere,” Judh Giuliani told Kirtzman. (She ni sayg .) On Electn Day, 2020, Giuliani—oddly, but prumably he was beg pensated—did a thirty-mute show for RT, a Rsian state televisn work, where he told his listeners that Hunter Bin served as Joe Bin’s bagman, llectg brib for him. That eveng, Giuliani showed up at the Whe Hoe.</p><p class="paywall">He was “fely toxited,” Jason Miller, a Tmp adviser, told the Hoe January 6th Commtee, when he sisted on seeg the Print. And that, apparently, was when he advised Tmp to announce that he was not ncedg, bee the electn had been stolen—the first step on the road to January 6th and a send impeachment. Kirtzman says that we n be thankful for one thg Giuliani did Tmp’s post-electn madhoe, which was to oppose the remendatn to ll the ary and nfiste votg mach.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-3 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">It’s natural when tryg to unrstand a crash-and-burn peripeteia as spectacular as Giuliani’s to wonr whether he was all that great to beg wh. How far did he really fall? Kirtzman, who vered Giuliani’s mayoralty as a reporter and as a host of “Insi Cy Hall,” on the news channel NY1, and who was wh him on September 11th—this is actually his send Giuliani bgraphy—reviews the entire reer this revisnist spir. There’s new reportg and terviews; still, much of the crique vers faiar ground. The laps and excs had always been there to see.</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">Bee he erned the cy durg a perd of revery, and bee his portment on September 11th was exemplary, Giuliani me to be regard as a paragon of learship. This was not unjt. A lot of polil succs is timg and luck. If the cy’s enomy or crime rate had gone south owg to circumstanc beyond his ntrol, he would have had to take the blame.</p><p class="paywall">In a way, the most signifint thg Giuliani did for New York Cy was to get elected. He ran agast the Great Society liberalism that had domated cy polics sce the Ldsay admistratn and that had veloped a kd of stutnal sclerosis, wh the petg mands of var tert groups makg ernance almost impossible. When Giuliani me to office, more than a ln people—a third of the workforce—held publicly fund ernment, health, and human-servic jobs. Most of those people were unnized, and the burecracy was sentially fdal.</p><p class="paywall">There was ltle transparency. Jt by givg the imprsn of clear learship, Giuliani changed the polil culture of the cy—somethg that beme vividly apparent when he left office and was replaced not (as many expected) by Mark Green, the cy’s public advote, who was taken, fairly or not, as the reprentative of the old liberal orr, but by a bsman, Mike Bloomberg.</p><p class="paywall">The standard story of Giuliani’s mayoral reer creds him wh rcg crime and rtorg fisl sany to cy ernment. And the cy did change dramatilly on his watch. When he first ran for mayor, 1989, nearly every municipal office the cy was held by a Democrat, and Democrats had a five-to-one advantage over Republins voter registratn. But for the middle class the qualy of life was terratg. The cy was still stgglg to balance the budget after s near-bankptcy 1975; there were almost two thoand murrs a year; public spac were occupied by dg alers and homels people. Tim Square was a n of iquy; you uld not go to Bryant Park. The night air was filled wh the sound of r alarms. People taped signs to the wdows of their rs: “No Rad.”</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssS ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="mvvx78"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">In 1990, <em>Time</em> ran a ver story headled “<em class="small">The Rottg of The Big Apple</em>.” Eight hundred thoand people had moved out of the cy the neteen-seventi, and a poll nducted 1991 sixty per cent of New Yorkers said they wanted to leave the cy, and fifty-one per cent said they were planng to leave.</p><p class="paywall">In the 1989 race, Giuliani lost to <a href=">David Dks</a>, who beme the cy’s first Black mayor, by only fifty thoand vot out of the 1.8 ln st. Four years later, he feated Dks by jt forty-seven thoand vot, helped by a strong turnout Staten Island, the cy’s wht and most nservative borough. He beme the first mayor the twentieth century to be elected spe losg Manhattan. His crossover voters beme known as Rudycrats. Unr his admistratn, the qualy of life improved enormoly, and 1997 he easily won a send term a low-turnout electn.</p><p class="paywall">As Fred Siegel puts “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">The Prce of the Cy</a>” (2005), a biased but sightful history of Giuliani’s polil reer (Siegel served as a senr adviser and speechwrer for him), Giuliani ran as “a Republin playg a Democrat playg a Republin.” In other words, he prented himself as a Republin Bill Clton. Like Clton, who clared that “the era of big ernment is over,” Giuliani was a “reventg ernment” policy wonk. Like Clton, he ma a big al of beg tough on crime, llg for more police and more jail cells. He supported the Clton crime bill, which is now regard as havg worsened the era of mass rceratn. (That act me back to hnt the Printial ndidaci of both Hillary Clton and Joe Bin.) Like Clton, Giuliani rejected the liberal belief that the way to fight crime is to improve social servic. And, like Clton, he turned welfare to workfare.</p><p class="paywall">In New York, Giuliani implemented a “broken wdows” policg policy, crackg down on mor crim like subway-fare beatg (not a small problem: a hundred and fifty-five thoand people were jumpg the turnstil every day), and r-wdow squeegeeg (a small problem: there were probably no more than a few dozen “squeegee men”). The crime rate dropped. Public spac began gettg cleaned up.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-4 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">But what was happeng New York Cy was part of a natnal trend. Giuliani had strong tailwds that would have sped the progrs of any admistratn, and he may not have been as novative as he was given cred for beg. Qualy-of-life policg had been troduced New York by Benjam Ward, Koch’s police missner, 1983, and crime was already droppg unr Dks. Between 1990 and 1994, subway feloni went down by seventy-five per cent and robberi by sixty-four per cent.</p><p class="paywall">Broken-wdows policg was stuted the Dks admistratn by the chief of the trans police, William Bratton. (Giuliani ma Bratton his first police missner, but phed him out two years later, apparently annoyed that Bratton was hangg out at Elae’s and hoggg the media spotlight.) And the cy’s budget stabilized, rectifyg a sh-flow problem that had crippled mayors sce Ldsay. Would the thgs have happened no matter who was mayor?</p><p class="paywall">Much of urban Ameri was blighted the neteen-seventi and eighti. Giuliani’s electn was part of a wave of urban renewal across the untry. Some ci, like Detro and Baltimore, never revered, but others, like Los Angel, San Francis, Boston, and New York, did get renewed and beme mags for young profsnals.</p><p class="paywall">Giuliani benefted om the end of the crack epimic, which was rponsible for a lot of the robberi and street crime the neteen-eighti. And he benefted om an agg populatn. Forty per cent of crim are mted by people between fifteen and twenty-five, which means that a lot of the crime the Uned Stat the neteen-seventi and eighti was an effect of the baby boom. As populatn growth flattened out, crime went down everywhere.</p><p class="paywall">He hered an improvg enomy, too. A major stimul to enomic growth New York Cy was the Immigratn and Natnaly Act of 1965, which replaced the highly rtrictive 1924 Immigratn Act. Between 1980 and 1994, 1.4 ln immigrants me to New York, effectively replacg the rints who had fled. Their entreprenrship helped revalize the cy’s enomy.</p><figure class="AssetEmbedWrapper-eVDQiB byBkf asset-embed"><div class="AssetEmbedAssetContaer-eJxoAx dBHGoQ asset-embed__asset-ntaer"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kKwZhx rponsive-asset AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset"><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="RponsiveCartoonWrapper-iTMMjI eXTYsS rponsive-rtoon AssetEmbedRponsiveAsset-cXBNxi eCxVQK asset-embed__rponsive-asset viewport-monor-anchor"><a class="external-lk rponsive-rtoon__image-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa RponsiveCartoonImage-hzNqyc ikeCcH rponsive-rtoon__image rponsive-image"><noscript><img alt="Wound up snake talkg to iend" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src=" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w" siz="100vw"/></noscript></picture></a><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE gdZTpI ptn RponsiveCartoonCaptn-dokfdF hJgaLQ rponsive-rtoon__ptn"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnText-bHjzlu iUEiRd hWyo bsWloa ptn__text">“Let’s say I do unwd—what then?”</span></div><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn RponsiveCartoonCred-bKlQqO faLAFb rponsive-rtoon__cred"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT bmQtfn ptn__cred">Cartoon by Victoria Roberts</span></div><div class="RponsiveCartoonCTA-eiqqMB iDCQRs"><div class="RponsiveCartoonCTAWrapper-CYIqa iTbFtf"><div class="RponsiveCartoonLkButtonWrapper-hqDAJK eSEhbj"><button aria-label="Copy lk to rtoon" class="BaseButton-bLlsy ButtonWrapper-xCepQ bqVKKv YsOBB button button--primary-pair RponsiveCartoonInButton-hBCBMq lpsjql" data-event-click="{"element":"Button"}" data-ttid="Button" type="button"><span class="ButtonLabel-cjAuJN bBWXSg button__label">Copy lk to rtoon</span><div class="ButtonInWrapper-gFdzAL bPDyTT button__in-ntaer"><svg class="in in-pylk" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Copy lk to rtoon</tle><g clip-path="url(#clip0_3732_178637)"><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M16.3488 10.5017C16.2107 10.7357 16.2926 11.035 16.5318 11.17C16.7709 11.3052 17.0767 11.225 17.2148 10.991L18.4648 8.87225C19.5694 7.00002 18.9139 4.60601 17.0007 3.52508C15.0875 2.44415 12.6412 3.08562 11.5366 4.95785L9.53657 8.34782C8.432 10.22 9.08751 12.6141 11.0007 13.6949C11.1888 13.8012 11.382 13.8908 11.5785 13.9642C11.7819 14.0403 12.0058 13.9485 12.1147 13.764C12.2794 13.4849 12.1103 13.1276 11.8083 12.9992C11.7041 12.9549 11.6014 12.9044 11.5007 12.8475C10.0658 12.0368 9.57417 10.2413 10.4026 8.83712L12.4026 5.44715C13.2311 4.04298 15.0658 3.56187 16.5007 4.37257C17.9356 5.18327 18.4272 6.97878 17.5988 8.38295L16.3488 10.5017ZM7.6526 13.4983C7.79067 13.2643 7.70873 12.965 7.46959 12.8299C7.23044 12.6948 6.92464 12.775 6.78657 13.009L5.53657 15.1278C4.432 17 5.0875 19.394 7.00068 20.475C8.91385 21.5558 11.3602 20.9144 12.4648 19.0422L14.4648 15.6521C15.5694 13.78 14.9139 11.3859 13.0007 10.305C12.8127 10.1988 12.6195 10.1091 12.4229 10.0357C12.2195 9.95975 11.9956 10.0515 11.8867 10.236C11.7221 10.5151 11.8911 10.8724 12.1932 11.0008C12.2973 11.0451 12.4 11.0956 12.5007 11.1525C13.9356 11.9632 14.4272 13.7587 13.5988 15.1628L11.5988 18.5529C10.7704 19.957 8.93555 20.4382 7.50068 19.6274C6.0658 18.8167 5.57417 17.0212 6.4026 15.6171L7.6526 13.4983Z" fill="black"></path></g><fs><clipPath id="clip0_3732_178637"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="whe"></rect></clipPath><clipPath id="clip1_3732_178637"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="whe"></rect></clipPath></fs></svg></div></button><div class="AlertWrapper-gvFATk MdjE RponsiveCartoonLkAlertPopup-BPAXn kdMXRM shoppg-alert" role="dialog"><div aria-hidn="te" role="prentatn" class="AlertArrow-daOgye AlLda alert-arrow"></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ AlertMsage-jgAjgo bVCFRm ifgabc cxFROy alert-msage"><p aria-hidn="te">Lk pied</p></div></div></div><button aria-label="Shop" class="BaseButton-bLlsy ButtonWrapper-xCepQ bqVKKv YsOBB button button--primary-pair RponsiveCartoonInButton-hBCBMq lpsjql" data-event-click="{"element":"Button"}" data-ttid="Button" type="button"><span class="ButtonLabel-cjAuJN bBWXSg button__label">Shop</span><div class="ButtonInWrapper-gFdzAL bPDyTT button__in-ntaer"><svg class="in in-rt" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Shop</tle><g clip-path="url(#clip0_3732_178638)"><path fill-le="evenodd" clip-le="evenodd" d="M4 3H2V4H4.23828L6.99617 15.2631C7.11483 15.6982 7.50998 16 7.96094 16H18.0365C18.4875 16 18.8826 15.6982 19.0013 15.2631L20.9648 7.26312C21.1383 6.62698 20.6594 6 20 6H10V7H20L18.0365 15H7.96094L5.03652 3H4.58055H4ZM10.0365 19C10.0365 19.5523 9.58881 20 9.03652 20C8.48424 20 8.03652 19.5523 8.03652 19C8.03652 18.4477 8.48424 18 9.03652 18C9.58881 18 10.0365 18.4477 10.0365 19ZM11.0365 19C11.0365 20.1046 10.1411 21 9.03652 21C7.93195 21 7.03652 20.1046 7.03652 19C7.03652 17.8954 7.93195 17 9.03652 17C10.1411 17 11.0365 17.8954 11.0365 19ZM18.0365 19C18.0365 19.5523 17.5888 20 17.0365 20C16.4842 20 16.0365 19.5523 16.0365 19C16.0365 18.4477 16.4842 18 17.0365 18C17.5888 18 18.0365 18.4477 18.0365 19ZM19.0365 19C19.0365 20.1046 18.1411 21 17.0365 21C15.932 21 15.0365 20.1046 15.0365 19C15.0365 17.8954 15.932 17 17.0365 17C18.1411 17 19.0365 17.8954 19.0365 19Z" fill="black"></path></g><fs><clipPath id="clip0_3732_178638"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="whe"></rect></clipPath><clipPath id="clip1_3732_178638"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="whe"></rect></clipPath></fs></svg></div></button></div></div></div></span></div></figure><p class="paywall">That enomy was already unrgog a paful transn. Today, we have a hard time imagg New York as a manufacturg center. Yet the garment district was once a place where people ma garments, jt as the meatpackg district was once a place where people packed meat. Now the cy’s enomy is fuelled by the giant fancial-servic dtry, the bankg and vtment ho and the law firms they employ—“Wall Street.”</p><p class="paywall">But that behemoth didn’t sprg up on s own. It was boosted by the polici of the Clton Admistratn and of the chair of the Feral Rerve, Alan Greenspan, and by acts of Congrs. In the urse of the Clton Admistratn, the Dow tripled, and the feral ernment started nng a surpl. In New York, the Clton boom helped gentrify parts of Manhattan and much of Brooklyn, and rebuilt the cy’s tax base, allowg the lol ernment to acplish thgs uld never have afford ten years earlier.</p><p class="paywall">By the end of his send term, however, Giuliani was nng low on polil pal. In 1999, he had entered the Republin primary for the Senate, expectg to n agast Hillary Clton, but before he had really lnched his mpaign he was diagnosed wh prostate ncer (a disease that had killed his father) and pulled out.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssS ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="ak4gcc"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssS ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="8vpz9k"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">In March, 2000, an unarmed Black man named Patrick Dorismond was shot and killed when police nonted him near the Port Authory B Termal, and Giuliani went overboard his fense of the ps. Jt a year before, cy police had killed another Black man, a Wt Ain immigrant named Amadou Diallo, firg forty-one shots before realizg that he was unarmed. Giuliani’s clatn then, too, was to fend the police. This ma the affair much worse, of urse, and gave ammunn to his polil opponents. But he didn’t learn om the experience. In the Dorismond se, he went after the victim. He thorized the release of Dorismond’s crimal rerds, cludg his sealed juvenile rerd, and he attacked Dorismond’s girliend when she praised him on televisn.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-5 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">He was no altar boy, Giuliani argued—except that turned out that Dorismond had been an altar boy, and attend Giuliani’s own high school, Bishop Loughl, Brooklyn. Dorismond was not engaged any crimal activy when the police approached him, and he had never been found guilty of anythg more ser than disorrly nduct.</p><p class="paywall">Giuliani’s crics voiced anger at the way he had played racial polics. That divisivens had a long history. Back 1992, durg Giuliani’s send mayoral mpaign, members of the police unn, the Patrolmen’s Benevolent Associatn, held a rally outsi Cy Hall to monstrate agast Dks’s proposal to form a civilian board that would review allegatns of police misnduct. Giuliani happily showed up and egged on the crowd. Many of the ps were dnk and shouted racist slogans. They marched onto the Brooklyn Bridge to dispt traffic, and the monstratn volved to a police rt. Giuliani left before the rtg started, but the cint was weirdly proleptic of his actns on January 6th, when he lled out “Let’s have trial by bat” to the protters. They took him at his word. Like Tmp, he left before the rtg started. Light the fe, then n.</p><p class="paywall">And when he beme mayor Giuliani never failed to explo tensns between the N.Y.P.D. and the Black muny. His stop-and-isk policy, for example, was a pla se of racial profilg. Between January, 1998, and March, 1999, New York police isked an astonishg hundred and seventy-five thoand people, half of them Black.</p><p class="paywall">A few months after the Dorismond shootg, Giuliani announced his tentn to separate om his send wife at a prs nference. He had neglected to rm her of this, however, and a fight ensued over who would live the mayoral rince, Gracie Mansn. In the end, Giuliani was the one who moved out. The prs had a field day. New Yorkers had voted for a two-term lim for mayors 1993 (the law would change 2008, to acmodate Bloomberg), which meant that an already damaged Giuliani was starg at a polil brick wall.</p><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg paywall">It’s llo to put this way, but September 11th was a lucky break for him. It gave Giuliani’s reer new life. He was on the scene right after the first tower was h, and he had to n for his life when the send tower llapsed. But he is a tirels man, he n be eloquent, and he kept his nerve. Not havg the fear gene me handy. Giuliani stepped to a learship vacuum left by Print Bh, who was sequtered at an airbase Nebraska, and spoke words of reassurance to New Yorkers and Amerins. It was a ttament to how far the cy had e that, although the attacks flicted a major wound, New Yorkers rpond wh passn and maniftatns of solidary. It didn’t last, but was strikg.</p><p class="paywall">When you drill down, though, the story isn’t so sterlg. The cy’s rponse to September 11th begs on Febary 26, 1993, when Islamic extremists tonated a tck bomb the parkg garage of the World Tra Center. More than a thoand people were jured, and six people died. Giuliani took the attack very serly. He thought showed that New York had bee a target for ternatnal terrorism.</p><p class="paywall">As mayor, therefore, he orred the nstctn of a high-tech bunker where emergency rponse uld be centralized. But he sisted that the center be wh walkg distance of Cy Hall, and so, spe police-partment warngs that would be impossible to secure, the Office of Emergency Management Command Center was nstcted on the twenty-third floor of 7 World Tra Center. When the towers were h, 2001, the center was obvly els. The admistratn had to manage the crisis on the n.</p><p class="paywall">One of the facts that had emerged om the rponse to the 1993 bombg was that fire-partment rads did not work si the World Tra Center towers. Nor were the partment’s rads synched wh police-partment rads. Although the cy had had eight years to solve the problems, when the World Tra Center was attacked aga the rads still did not functn, and the police and fire partments, tradnally rivalro anizatns, still had not ördated cisn-makg. On September 11th, even when beme clear that the lack of ördatn was a ser problem, Giuliani did nothg to rectify .</p><p class="paywall">The breakdown munitns meant that 911 operators were tellg people llg om si the towers to stay put—standard advice a high-rise fire suatn—after the police partment had termed that the towers were about to llapse, killg anyone who remaed si. It also meant that some firefighters si the north tower never received the orr to evacuate. At least a hundred and twenty-one firefighters died the north tower. “There was an argument to be ma,” Kirtzman nclus, “that Giuliani had st liv on September 11 rather than saved them.”</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-6 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">This judgment seems a ltle severe. A tck bomb a parkg garage do not prepare you for the fiery holot that happened on September 11th. But do expla why, when Giuliani entered the 2008 Printial primari, members of a group llg self 9/11 Firefighters and Fai went to New Hampshire to mpaign agast him. Although to the world Giuliani is the hero of September 11th, those people thought that he had failed them. Still, probably none of them uld have imaged that he would end his reer a rooster stume. ♦</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssS ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="yg26l8"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 PaywallInleBarrierWhWrapperGrid-fyrGfS kLQIUk grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="body body__le-barrier article__body"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"><asi class="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper-iBnuqk lfXXa-D" data-ttid="PaywallInleBarrierWrapper"><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--paywall-le-barrier" role="prentatn" aria-live="pole" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--paywall-le-barrier"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></asi></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ContentWrapperGrid-fvkmBv brYtrA grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="body body__ntaer"><div class="ntaer ntaer--body"><div class="ntaer--body-ner"></div></div></div></div></div></div></article><div class="ContentFooterWrapper-jVNdRG dTJkpP ArticlePageContentFooterGrid-ccsXYy eMZRHU article-body__footer"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><footer class="ContentFooterMagazeDisclaimer-gzKAqo iZIuUU" data-ttid="MagazeDisclaimerWrapper">Published the prt edn of the <a href="/magaze/2022/09/26" data-reactroot="">September 26, 2022</a>, issue, wh the headle “Disgraced.”</footer></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="LkStackWrapper-NFLYw kgtXXB lkstack" data-ttid="LkStack"><div class="SectnTleRoot-dBGvdq kjAxEG LkStackHear-lKjbE hejl lk-stack--headg" data-ttid="SectnTle"><h2 class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SectnTleHed-dKqZet dxqEAa dqtvfu jttyjJ">New Yorker Favor</h2></div><div class="LkStackContent-jyKicS gPhyME"><ul class="LkStackList-gGcjdZ dnMwpz"><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>The killer who <a href="/magaze/1995/06/05/rejectg-ga" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">got to Harvard</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>A thief who <a href="/magaze/2004/05/17/the-silver-thief" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">stole only silver</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>The light of the <a href="/tech/annals-of-technology/the-first-light-of-the-try-atomic-tt" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">world’s first nuclear bomb</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>How Steve Mart <a href="/magaze/2007/10/29/-the-bird-ge" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">learned what’s funny</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Growg up as the <a href="/magaze/1998/11/16/the-ln-and-me" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">son of the Cowardly Ln</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Amelia Earhart’s <a href="/magaze/2009/09/14/amelia-earhart-last-flight" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">last flight</a>.</p></div></li><li class="LkStackBullet-kQRqul iQHwiG lk-stack--lk-em" data-ttid="LkStackBullet"><div><p>Fictn by Milan Kunra: “<a href="/magaze/1984/03/19/the-unbearable-lightns-of-beg" class="InternalLkEmbedWrapper-fhjgJW cQLtaa">The Unbearable Lightns of Beg</a>.”</p></div></li></ul><div class="LkStackFooter-KfRyO ebnmps lk-stack--footer"><div><p><a href=">Sign up</a> for our daily newsletter to receive the bt stori om <em>The New Yorker</em>.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div 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His most recent book is “<a href=">The Free World: Art and Thought the Cold War</a>.”</div><div class="ContributorBFooter-brqDlv ezUmSv"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"></div></div></div><div data-ttid="ContentFooterBottom" class="ContentFooterBottom-jwWZfC kcbyiW"><div class="ContentFooterNewsletterContentWrapper-bmjtna kixtae"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div data-ttid="NewsletterSubscribeFormWrapper" class="NewsletterSubscribeFormWrapper-fCqqkN jKSBhE newsletter-subscribe-form ContentFooterNewsletterForm-hKeYwa liPqcf"><div data-ttid="NewsletterSubscribeFormHedDekWrapper" class="NewsletterSubscribeFormHedDekWrapper-fpMElW eglIBL"><h3 class="NewsletterSubscribeFormDangeroHed-kRwWjt kbxOa-D newsletter-subscribe-form__hed ContentFooterNewsletterForm-hKeYwa liPqcf">Books & Fictn</h3><div class="NewsletterSubscribeFormDek-kXonvc cKOhTM newsletter-subscribe-form__k">Short stori and poems, pl thor terviews, profil, and tal om the world of lerature.</div></div><div data-ttid="NewsletterSubscribeFormInputsWrapper" class="NewsletterSubscribeFormInputsWrapper-keARJE hVWbzr"><form class="form-wh-validatn NewsletterSubscribeFormValidatn-iCYa-Dt dweEln" id="newsletter" name="newsletter" novalidate="" method="POST"><span class="TextFieldWrapper-Pzdqp hNhevp text-field" data-ttid="TextFieldWrapper__email"><label class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ TextFieldLabel-klrYvg iUEiRd stdEm fvoOvz text-field__label text-field__label--sgle-le" for="newsletter-text-field-email" data-ttid="TextFieldLabel__email"><div class="TextFieldLabelText-cvvxBl eeDYTb">E-mail addrs</div><div class="TextFieldInputContaer-jcMPhb oFrOs"><put type="email" aria-scribedby="privacy-text" aria-valid="false" id="newsletter-text-field-email" required="" name="email" placeholr="E-mail addrs" class="BaseInput-fAzTdK TextFieldControlInput-eFUxkf eGzzTT laFPCK text-field__ntrol text-field__ntrol--put" data-ttid="TextFieldInput__email"/></div></label><button class="BaseButton-bLlsy ButtonWrapper-xCepQ bqVKKv dwpimO button button--utily TextFieldButton-csBrgY edxbrw" data-event-click="{"element":"Button"}" data-ttid="Button" type="subm"><span class="ButtonLabel-cjAuJN hzwRuG button__label">Sign up</span></button></span><div id="privacy-text" tabx="-1" class="NewsletterSubscribeFormDisclaimer-bTVtiV bsgLJZ"><span><p>By signg up, you agree to our <a href=" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">User Agreement</a> and <a href=" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement</a>. 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summary-llectn-grid--DenseDktopStack"><div class="GridItem-buujkM kHPPIF grid--em"><div class="SummaryCollectnGridContent-eVUpRm jTGbEO"><div class="SectnTleRoot-dBGvdq kjAxEG SummaryCollectnGridSectnTle-fCmYwG izjbVn" data-ttid="SectnTle"><hear class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SectnTleHed-dKqZet dxqEAa dqtvfu jttyjJ">Read More</hear></div><div class="SummaryCollectnGridItems-DZShR eOCboB hi-read-more-ad" data-ttid="SummaryCollectnGridItems"><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hlYhBH summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Iphigenia Fort Hills" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ldWYvC summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">A Reporter at Large</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Iphigenia Fort Hills</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-1" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Iphigenia Fort Hills" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">Anatomy of a murr trial.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Ja Mallm</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hlYhBH summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Transn" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ldWYvC summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Annals of History</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Transn</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Transn" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">Lyndon Johnson and the events Dallas.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Robert A. Caro</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hlYhBH summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center summary-em--si-by-si-image-right-mobile-false summary-em--standard SummaryCollectnGridSummaryItem-WColm eamwqR" role="button" tabx="0"><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Blood Ti" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ldWYvC summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Annals of Crime</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">Blood Ti</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-3" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Blood Ti" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">Two brilliant llege lovers were nvicted of a btal slayg. All the years later, why has the se bee a e?</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Nathan Heller</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hlYhBH summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center 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class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="SummaryItemContent-eiDYMl ldWYvC summary-em__ntent"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX kImuKS bric bric--disvery SummaryItemRubric-dguGKN fYiFyD summary-em__bric"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Annals of Crime</span></div><a class="SummaryItemHedLk-civM cZPaWG summary-em-trackg__hed-lk summary-em__hed-lk" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-hed-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" href=" target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Chameleon</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-4" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span 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