7 openly gay lears have served as heads of state. Latvian print Edgars Rkēvičs is the latt

Contents:

• THE 10 BEST BELGIUM GAY CLUBS & BARSSEE ALL THGS TO DOGAY CLUBS & BARS BELGIUM
• THE 10 BEST BSSELS GAY CLUBS & BARSSEE ALL THGS TO DOGAY CLUBS & BARS BSSELS
• A GAY NEIGHBORHOOD OR MERELY A TEMPORARY CLTER OF “STRANGE” BARS? GAY BAR CULTURE ANTWERP
• LATVIA BE 7TH NATN TO BE LED BY AN OPENLY GAY HEAD OF STATE
• TOP 11 GAY FRIENDLY HOTELS IN BSSELS
• GUI TO GAY FRIENDLY HOTELS BSSELS BELGIUM (2023 UPDATED)
• THE 10 BEST BELGIUM GAY CLUBS & BARSGAY CLUBS & BARS BELGIUM
• BSSELS GAY DISTRICT

THE 10 BEST BELGIUM GAY CLUBS & BARSSEE ALL THGS TO DOGAY CLUBS & BARS BELGIUM

1 IntroductnThis chapter propos to vtigate what historgraphers would ll the “long twentieth century” of lbian and gay neighborhoods the specific ntext of Antwerp, the largt cy Flanrs (the northern, Dutch-speakg part of Belgium).

Footnote 1 Although Antwerp has e to be reprented as the “gay pal” of Flanrs, we will show that never veloped a full-fledged gay neighborhood the Anglo-Amerin tradn of the ncept—that is, a neighborhood characterized by the historil clterg of a wi range of urban functns for sexual mori (social, cultural, rintial, sexual, mercial, wh service and hospaly dtri as well as entertament venu). As several other Wtern European natns (and many non-Wtern untri bis), the clterg of sexual mori Antwerp has been limed largely to the enomic, social, and cultural bs of (nightlife) entertament, wh lbian and gay meetg plac historilly ncentratg particular neighborhoods that, moreover, have shifted over time and dissipated aga.

THE 10 BEST BSSELS GAY CLUBS & BARSSEE ALL THGS TO DOGAY CLUBS & BARS BSSELS

As the inty of morn-day “homosexuals” me to be shaped and solidified (roughly as of the send half of the neteenth century), people who intified creasgly as members of this mographic created private, semi-public, and public meetg spac for themselv, startg larger ci such as Berl and New York (Beachy 2014; Chncey 1995). Belgian urban neighborhoods tend to be more fely graed and mixed, more plex their stratifitns and ls homogeneo, and as a rult do not ve the same strong sense of dividualy and inty as do many of the inic neighborhoods the English-speakg world, which are unrwrten by a more outspoken logic of martn and differentiatn.

A GAY NEIGHBORHOOD OR MERELY A TEMPORARY CLTER OF “STRANGE” BARS? GAY BAR CULTURE ANTWERP

A self-chosen, not-enomilly enforced rintial clterg of one segment of the populatn one specific area—lbians and gays our historil shorthand scriptn—has th never seemed as necsary or enticg as much bigger ci this should be add a larger cultural ntext: Flanrs as a whole is a nsely populated regn which pecially the triangle Antwerp-Ghent-Bssels has sometim been scribed, parative ternatnal terms, as a sgle extend nurbatn (GUST 1999: 32–38; Albrechts and Lievois 2004). This cultural pattern is so eply graed that appli even to lbians and gays the days of massive anti-homosexual hostily ral Flanrs, when one would have expected a great many of them to engage the same kd of “reverse diaspora” (Sfield 1996: 281) to central ci that has been historilly characteristic of sexual and genr mori other untri. Throughout the perd unr discsn, fact, a large number of Flemish lbians and gays ntued to live their immediate native areas and simply muted to a cy such as Antwerp for their nightlife entertament (Vcke et al.

LATVIA BE 7TH NATN TO BE LED BY AN OPENLY GAY HEAD OF STATE

They did not build most of their liv around a specific, regnizably gay neighborhood, but ma ocsnal e of the clters of bars that over time beme available we are able to embark on the followg narrative and analysis, is also necsary to reflect methodologilly on how our vtigatn is shaped (both enabled and rtricted) by s hristic ndns.

Bee the larger ntext for our subject remas to be wrten, will be necsary, first, to unrtake a relatively substantial and panoramic survey of the emergence of gay nightlife Antwerp durg the early half of the twentieth century.

TOP 11 GAY FRIENDLY HOTELS IN BSSELS

This will provi the amework need for a more tailed analysis the send part, which will zoom on an area the immediate vicy of the Central Statn and will take as s emblematic foc one sufficiently long-term and inic gay bar, lled Café Strange. Fally, we will zoom out aga to sketch how even such a limed gay nightlife clter Antwerp has evaporated aga the urse of the twenty-first century, leavg a landspe that is hard to map and largely virtual.

2 The Emergence of a Gay Bar Culture AntwerpWhile generally same-sex sexualy was severely punished om the Middle Ag until the French Revolutn the regn currently known as Belgium (Dupont et al. Neher the French penal of 1810 that was adopted Belgium after the untry’s pennce 1830 nor the Belgian penal of 1867 prohibed homosexual acts between nsentg adults private, although public displays of homosexual tert and sire uld be prosecuted for “asslts on honor and public cency” (Vanhaelewyn 2008: 248). This impli that for much of the neteenth and twentieth centuri, Belgian homosexuals were not as strongly persecuted as many other European untri, though the fact that they were not actively opprsed by the State may also have slowed down lbian and gay inty formatn and social activism, pecially the largely Dutch-speakg and voutly Catholic Flanrs, where a nservative social value system persisted well to the send half of the twentieth century (Dupont et al.

Partly as a rult, gay life remaed very much unrground and has bee hard to retrace om official sourc equently ed by historgraphers other untri, such as police fil (Dupont 2015), the most important source of rmatn that we have about everyday lbian and gay life the early to mid-twentieth century nsists of a number of tobgraphi and oral history terviews wh lbians and gays. ”Although visibily and silence th reigned supreme mastream Flemish society, om the early twentieth century onwards some form of gay subculture did start to emerge tentatively out-of-the-way pockets, and was Antwerp, particular, that began to velop somethg that might qualify as a gay nightlife (Hellck 2002: 6).

GUI TO GAY FRIENDLY HOTELS BSSELS BELGIUM (2023 UPDATED)

For those who uld fd their way to them, the semi-public spac of a handful of bars me to offer a haven where patrons uld be more at ease, meet other lbians and gays, explore non-normative genr exprsns, make iends, and fd lovers.

In Antwerp, the epicenter of this buddg gay subculture was suated the so-lled Skippers Quarter (Schipperskwartier), which borred on the harbor.

Loopmans and Van Den Broeck (2011) have fact traced the roots for such typil harbor prostutn much further back history, llg the area one of the olst red-light districts Europe, whose origs lie the fifteenth is here, near the river and the harbor, that Antwerp’s gay nightlife most probably first took shape.

THE 10 BEST BELGIUM GAY CLUBS & BARSGAY CLUBS & BARS BELGIUM

Yet, while we may be certa that same-sex sexual practic took place there, is not so clear whether the area already wnsed a mimally anized form of homosexual subculture durg the late neteenth century, and if so, whether this was then tegrated the tablished bs of heterosexual prostutn.

1(Source Imag by Bart Eeckhout, April 2020)The visible gay history of the Skippers Quarter: where for most of the twentieth century Danny’s Bar ed to be (until the mid-1990s), today a stretch of new-built rintial ho and a brasserie are to be found (left), and the historilly narrow alley where the Crystal Palace ed to be (until the buildg llapsed the 1960s), bland archecture now reigns supreme (right)Full size imageThe gay clientele of the Skippers Quarter steadily grew; on the eve of the Send World War, the neighborhood had apparently acquired a distctly gay nnotatn to those the know.

BSSELS GAY DISTRICT

Whereas Shakpeare had a female bartenr, Jackie, and attracted a mostly female crowd, the bars near the tra statn had male bartenrs and clientele: “Dikke Piet” (Fat Pete) was the gay bartenr of Fortunia, “Miss Banaan” (Miss Banana) served at Week-End, and the drag queen “Eddy”/“Edh” at La Ron (Wters 2011: 56–58; Kegels 2008: 37–38, 64, 89–90) of the 1950s, the nam of such new bars more often ntaed d referenc to homosexual culture.