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GAY EMPERORS CHE HISTORY
But while the Netherlands, which 2001 beme the first untry to legalize gay marriage, has paved the wave for a queer royal to officially wear the crown, LGBTQ people have long been dog so unofficially. The liph’s sexualy has been the source of some bate: Acrdg to the French medievalist Évariste Lévi-Provençal, the phrase “hubb al-walad, ” found 16th-century historian Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari’s pendium "Nafh at-Tib" reference to Al-Hakam II, translat as a “preference for boys, ” though other scholars mata refers to paternal Medieval Europe scholar Francis Prado-Vilar wrote that knowledge of Al-Hakam’s homosexualy the urt of Córdoba “enuraged the ambns of the factns gathered around his much younger brother, Prce al-Mughira.
”“In his youth his lov seem to have been entirely homosexual, ” queer studi scholar Louis Crompton wrote “Male Love and Islamic Law Arab Spa. )“To the shock of many urtiers, the pair were monstratively affectnate to each other public, spe Jam’ var proclamatns agast homosexualy, ” Daniel Smh wrote “Love Letters of Kgs and Queens. Frerick the Great of Pssia (1712 - 1786)Even his lifetime, this Pssian royal was wily mored to be a homosexual, though that term wouldn’t be ed till nearly 90 years after his years after the kg’s ath, his physician Johann Ge Rter von Zimmermann published a book which he sperately tried to dispel gossip Frerick had a “Grecian taste love.
And rather than let that secret out, Frerick pretend to be gay, “so that he would ntue to appear virile and pable of sexual terurse, albe wh men. But he did ltle to obscure his sexualy: Sanssouci, his palace Potsdam, was filled wh homoerotic art and, across Europe, “l Potsdamists” beme slang for kg allegedly pursued the Veian philosopher Franc Algarotti and even famed French philosopher Voltaire, who lived wh him at Sanssouci, though ’s not certa if eher relatnship was Voltaire’s ath 1778, a mancript of his memoir tailg Frerick’s homosexual tennci tail was stolen and published the Netherlands. ”The archde spent the rt of his life secln at Klsheim Palace near Salzburg, where he died at the age of 76 1919, three years after his brother’s ath and one year after the Atro-Hungarian Empire was dissolved after the end of World War II of Buganda (1868 - 1903)Discsn of Uganda’s treatment of homosexualy ually settl on Print Yoweri Meveni’s “Kill the Gays” bill, but this 19th century kabaka, or kg, of Buganda allegedly had sexual relatnships wh men along wh his 16 1886, Mwanga II orred the btal torture and aths of dozens of urtiers and pag, wh many burned alive.
GAY & LESBIAN VAISHNAVA ASSOCIATION
“I hear there was homosexualy Mwanga’s palace, ” Meveni told a crowd of thoands on Martyr Day 2010, the Atlantic reported. Morn Cha has a plited relatnship wh homosexualy: It was crimalized 1997, but queer dividuals ntue to face social stigma and issu like nversn therapy and censorship of LGBTQ topics on Weibo. Some historians, however, argue that the suatn was much different ancient history: In Che history, wh Tamkang Universy rearchg Liu Demg even suggtg a 2009 paper that homo-erotic relatnships were trendy among noble and tellectual men durg the Qg dynasty.
The last emperor of the Wtern Han dynasty, who led om the 7 BCE to 1 BCE, was the spiratn of the idm “Sleeve-cuttg affectn, ” which refers to homosexualy. Th, the phrase “Leftover peach affectn” (余桃之癖) also beme a chengyu to scribe a homosexual relatnship (see a pattern? To date, there have been five openly LGBTQ+ people who have served as a natnal head of ernment, Iceland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and Serbia -- but gay, bisexual, lbian, and even transgenr lears have guid natns sce time immemorial.
That he sat on the throne named Neferkare leads many scholars to believe the tale Kg Neferkare and General Sase, which scrib a gay relatnship between a pharaoh and his general, was fact about Pepi, though Egyptologists ntue to bate if the story was tth or fictn. The dictator of the cy of Athens 514, Hipparch had ma a sexual advance toward the openly gay Harmodi and was rejected multiple tim, acrdg to historian Thucydis. The ler of England om 1087 to 1100, Kg William II was gay, acrdg to the wrer Eadmer, though effemate mannerisms and fashn choic seemed his primary evince.