Stanford scholar explor the history of gay rights Germany | Stanford News

Contents:

• STANFORD SCHOLAR EXPLOR THE HISTORY OF GAY RIGHTS GERMANY
• GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME

STANFORD SCHOLAR EXPLOR THE HISTORY OF GAY RIGHTS GERMANY

In Germany, every person is ee to live out their sexual/genr inty, and the law protects lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, transsexual, queer and asexual dividuals, i.

AtriaUntil 1971 homosexualy was punishable Atria and until 2002 there were still mimum age lims for homosexual relatnships the Atrian penal (different om heterosexual relatnships). The allowed heterosexual partnerships to start at the age of 14, however, homosexual relatnships were only nsired legal om the age of 18 sectn the only ncerned male same-sex Constutnal Court plead for the paragraph to be repealed and set a adle for Parliament until 2003.

The mimum legal age of 20 for homosexual relatnships (as opposed to 16 for heterosexual relatnships) was lifted at the end of marriage is currently illegal Swzerland. Although there was no crimal reprsn agast homosexualy, same-sex upl were not persecuted as long as they kept their private life behd closed 1930’s Roc rerced this approach. FranceThe French law of Augt 4, 1982, put an end to the prohibn of homosexual relatns between an adult and a mor over fifteen years of age — a measure taken by the Vichy regime sce 1981, France no longer classifi homosexualy as a mental illns (while WHO did not remove om s list until May 1993).

GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME

However, the prohibn of sodomy was ed to sentence homosexuals to ath and burn them at the 2013, same-sex marriage and adoptn beme legal France. SpaIn Spa, homosexualy was no longer nsired a crimal offence om 1978 marriage was legalised 2005 Spa — makg one of the first European untri, along wh Belgium (2003) and the Netherlands (2000), to legalise same-sex pneers LGBT rights the UK have been England and Wal who legalised homosexualy 1967 (Sexual Offenc Act 1967). Homosexual acts Stland were crimalised by the Crimal Jtice Stland Act 1980, which took effect on Febary 1 Northern Ireland, homosexualy was legalised 1982 (Homosexual Offenc (Northern Ireland) Orr 1982).

However, unr Stal, homosexualy beme punishable aga was not until 1993 that the law was repealed and homosexualy 2013, the State Duma passed a law banng any form of “gay propaganda”. The term “homosexualy, ” while sometim nsired anachronistic the current era, is the most applible and easily translatable term to e when askg this qutn across societi and languag and has been ed other cross-natnal studi, cludg the World Valu Survey.

Dpe major chang laws and norms surroundg the issue of same-sex marriage and the rights of LGBT people around the world, public opn on the acceptance of homosexualy society remas sharply divid by untry, regn and enomic velopment.

Those Wtern Europe and the Ameris are generally more acceptg of homosexualy than are those Eastern Europe, Rsia, Ukrae, the Middle East and sub-Saharan Ai.

In many natns, there has been an creasg acceptance of homosexualy, cludg the Uned Stat, where 72% say should be accepted, pared wh jt 49% as recently as 2007. In many of the untri surveyed, there also are differenc on acceptance of homosexualy by age, tn, e and, some stanc, genr – and several s, the differenc are substantial.

For example, some untri, those who are affiliated wh a relig group tend to be ls acceptg of homosexualy than those who are unaffiliated (a group sometim referred to as relig “non”). For example, Swen, the Netherlands and Germany, all of which have a per-pa gross domtic product over $50, 000, acceptance of homosexualy is among the hight measured across the 34 untri surveyed.

The study is a follow-up to a 2013 report that found many of the same patterns as seen today, although there has been an crease acceptance of homosexualy across many of the untri surveyed both years.

Central and Eastern Europeans, however, are more divid on the subject, wh a median of 46% who say homosexualy should be accepted and 44% sayg should not be. But sub-Saharan Ai, the Middle East, Rsia and Ukrae, few say that society should accept homosexualy; only South Ai (54%) and Israel (47%) do more than a quarter hold this view. However, while took nearly 15 years for acceptance to rise 13 pots om 2000 to jt before the feral legalizatn of gay marriage June 2015, there was a near equal rise acceptance jt the four years sce legalizatn.

More than eight--ten Democrats and Democratic-leang pennts (85%) say homosexualy should be accepted, but only 58% of Republins and Republin leaners say the same.

In 22 of 34 untri surveyed, younger adults are signifintly more likely than their olr unterparts to say homosexualy should be accepted by society. This difference was most pronounced South Korea, where 79% of 18- to 29-year-olds say homosexualy should be accepted by society, pared wh only 23% of those 50 and olr.

This staggerg 56-pot difference exceeds the next largt difference Japan by 20 pots, where 92% and 56% of those ag 18 to 29 and 50 and olr, rpectively, say homosexualy should be accepted by society. In most untri surveyed, those who have greater levels of tn are signifintly more likely to say that homosexualy should be accepted society than those who have ls tn. For example, Greece, 72% of those wh a postsendary tn or more say homosexualy is acceptable, pared wh 42% of those wh a sendary tn or ls who say this.

In a siar number of untri, those who earn more money than the untry’s natnal median e also are more likely to say they accept homosexualy society than those who earn ls. In Israel, for stance, 52% of higher e earners say homosexualy is acceptable society vers only three--ten of lower e earners who say the same.