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class="ContentHearHedAccredatnWrapper-GFiQf cDNVlV"><div data-ttid="ContentHearTleBlockWrapper" class="ContentHearTleBlockWrapper-cjmSKp jbzVNV"><div data-ttid="ContentHearRubric" class="ContentHearRubricBlock-LmpbT kkDiIx"><div data-ttid="ContentHearRubricDateBlock" class="ContentHearRubricDateBlock-kAQcZP fTFWxD"><div class="RubricWrapper-dKmCNX dZhWBL bric ContentHearRubricContaer-eTudtt iRsSlw"><a class="RubricLk-gRWSOU fgWnkQ bric__lk" href="/culture/cultural-ment"><span class="RubricName-fVtemz cLxcNi">Cultural Comment</span></a></div></div></div><h1 data-ttid="ContentHearHed" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ContentHearHed-NCyCC iUEiRd NbxED hpJvIc">The Dpair of Generatn “Notti Bop”</h1></div><div class="ContentHearAccredatn-lfctVB etVsnJ ntent-hear__accredatn" data-ttid="ContentHearAccredatn"><div class="ContentHearDek-bIqFFZ Mtme">How do we rpond to a wave of viral dance vios that reënact the killg of a fourteen-year-old?</div><div class="ContentHearByle-kmPyCa gvUmxJ"><div class="ContentHearByleContent-dpPmNn DRFq"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl ContentHearByl-cZqgyJ bHLeKI"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH bwbwth byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn lOLCm byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG uhfVi byle__preamble">By </span><a class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BaseLk-eNWuiM ByleLk-gEnFiw iUEiRd ggMZaT cXqSTL brYZgj byle__name-lk button" href="/ntributors/jody-rosen">Jody Rosen</a></span></span></p></div><time data-ttid="ContentHearPublishDate" dateTime="2022-12-07T06:00:00-05:00" class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ContentHearPublishDate-eIBicG iUEiRd kYZrFA iINaCX">December 7, 2022</time></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentHearLeadAsset-hGbumP kByCgj lead-asset ContentHearLeadAssetWrapper-hfXHEc Grck lead-asset--width-fullbleed" data-ttid="ContentHearLeadAsset"><figure class="ContentHearLeadAssetContent-kOfYSG dRGWbI"><div class="ContentHearLeadAssetContentMedia-bLEIpi jjhWdS lead-asset__ntent__photo"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW jvZaPI rponsive-asset ContentHearRponsiveAsset-bREgIb hONbnm"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz gSPbUN"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa ContentHearRponsiveAsset-bREgIb hONbnm rponsive-image"><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w, 960w, 1280w, 1600w, 1920w, 2240w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="Phone screen displayg a blurry skull. TikTok dancer the background." class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></picture></div></div></span></div></figure></div><div class="ContentHearLeadContentFullWidth-cvJzX hHaBOT"><figure class="ContentHearLeadContentCaptnCred-hSIIqJ kQVfzg"><div class="CaptnWrapper-jSZdqE iTuhkZ ptn ContentHearLeadAssetCaptn-hPWmSN cwKyFH"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ CaptnCred-ejegDm iUEiRd iicloT jbIJNS ptn__cred">Illtratn by Matt Williams</span></div></figure></div></div></hear></div><div data-attribute-verso-pattern="article-body" class="ArticlePageContentBackGround-cNiFNN kbAoLA article-body__ntent"><div class="ActnBarWrapperContent-lasBkU cAHp"><div class="ActnBarWrapperComponent-cjwxLS bEeSLb"><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="ActnBarWrapper-dhxmQh kNjTbQ viewport-monor-anchor"><button id="bookmark" aria-label="Save this story" class="ActnBarButton-dyFOZU hQrwCF bookmark large-screen"><span class="ActnBarSendaryButtonPrimaryIn-isbvyN cAwccV bookmark-button-in"><svg class="in in-bookmark" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Save this story</tle><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M20 23.9508L12.5 19.7312L5 23.9508V2.95081H14V3.93211H6V22.1845L12.5 18.5536L19 22.1845V8.83866H20V23.9508Z"></path><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M23 3H20V0H19V3H16V4H19V7H20V4H23V3Z"></path></svg></span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ActnBarButtonText-bYXYuh iUEiRd bkefvo gkccfO">Save this story</span></button></div><div data-attr-viewport-monor="" class="ActnBarWrapper-dhxmQh kAEsuD viewport-monor-anchor"><button id="bookmark" aria-label="Save this story" class="ActnBarButton-dyFOZU cjjxgx bookmark mobile"><span class="ActnBarSendaryButtonPrimaryIn-isbvyN cAwccV bookmark-button-in"><svg class="in in-bookmark" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="><tle>Save this story</tle><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M20 23.9508L12.5 19.7312L5 23.9508V2.95081H14V3.93211H6V22.1845L12.5 18.5536L19 22.1845V8.83866H20V23.9508Z"></path><path class="in-bookmark-fill" d="M23 3H20V0H19V3H16V4H19V7H20V4H23V3Z"></path></svg></span><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ ActnBarButtonText-bYXYuh iUEiRd bkefvo gkccfO">Save this story</span></button></div></div></div><div class="LightboxWrapper-dxsWBV hhylRt"><div class="ArticlePageChunksContent-etcMtP bwyLBj"><div data-ttid="ArticlePageChunks" class="ArticlePageChunks-fLyCVG Uozmo"><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="has-dropp has-dropp__lead-standard-headg">In early October, a vio of two high-school stunts and a teacher dancg to a rap song began makg the viral rounds. The <a href=">clip</a>, which ns jt neteen sends, shows a middle-aged whe man and two teen-age Black boys, facg a mera a classroom. The boys are drsed blue hoodi and black sweatpants. The middle-aged guy’s look is teacher sual: he is wearg baggy jeans and a shirt and tie, wh several pens his shirt pocket. He has a close-cropped beard, a ponytail, and is rryg a few extra pounds.</p><p class="paywall">The vio opens wh the teacher and stunts muggg and pantomimg nversatn over a sgsong sample om a children’s rerd. Then, ne sends , the beat drops, and the tr epts to a dance route: leang back, bouncg on bent kne, swayg om left to right. The ma feature of the dance is a clumsy b of hand jive. While a bass le thumps and a rapper barks lyrics (“Notti, Notti Bopp’, punch’ my hips / Come here, gotta do like this”), the dancers ball their fists and repeatedly liver punch to their own midsectns.</p><p class="paywall">It’s a goofy spectacle, like many “dance challenge” vios. The humor li the ntrast between the stunts—who execute the dance mov, such as they are, wh ease and glee—and the teacher, wh his fashn-backward apparel and enthiastic but tenuo relatnship to the beat. Over the past uple of months, vios set to the same mil excerpt—om “<a href=">Notti Bop</a>,” by the Brooklyn rappers Kyle Richh, Jenn Carter, and TaTa—have explod on TikTok, wh untold numbers of young people (and, ocsnally, roped- adults) groovg and punchg to the song’s blarg soundtrack.</p><p class="paywall">There’s nothg novel this; the days, pop hs routely spire rafts of TikTok vios, and many vios feature ctom dance steps. But “Notti Bop” is different a ccial rpect: the song, and s acpanyg dance, lampoon the murr of a child.</p><p class="paywall">On the afternoon of July 9th, Ethan Rey, fourteen, was fatally stabbed at the 137th Street–Cy College subway statn, Manhattan. The cint began wh a brawl on the street that spilled onto the uptown 1-tra platform, where Rey suffered a knife wound to his abdomen. He was pronounced ad after beg shed to Mount Sai Morngsi hospal. The followg day, police arrted Rey’s alleged assailant, Kelv Martez, fifteen, filg a send-gree-murr charge that prosecutors downgrad to first-gree manslghter when they learned that Rey and a iend had rnered Martez and beaten him wh a broomstick. In October, the Manhattan District Attorney’s office nfirmed that had dropped all charg the se, statg that prosecutors uld not disprove that Martez had acted self-fense.</p><p class="paywall">Rey was better known as Notti Osama, the name he ed while buildg a reputatn as a rapper. He was a risg star of drill, a broodg and aggrsive stra of hip-hop that chronicl, and ocsnally promot, street vlence. Like much New York drill, Notti’s songs—often rerd wh his olr brother, the rapper DD Osama (David Rey)—foc obssively on the byzante rivalri and turf wars of the cy’s gangs, wh lyrics that pour out a sh of hyperlol allns, acronyms, and slang. “<a href=">Dead Opps</a>,” released jt days after Notti’s ath, is typil: a strg of tnts and threats aimed at “opps,” or enemi, livered a rasp over a scrapg, surg beat. One of Notti’s opps, evintly, was Martez. Acrdg to the Manhattan D.A., the boys were “associat of rival gangs.”</p><div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--article-mid-ntent" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--article-mid-ntent nsumer-marketg-un__slot---ntent"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><p class="paywall">For months, Notti’s ath has been a hot topic the world of New York drill. On the Web s and apps where drill disurse unfolds—an esystem of YouTube vios, Instagram live streams, TikToks, msage boards, and ment threads—fans have mourned and mocked the late rapper, while followg the ongog hostili between Notti’s crew, OY, om the Sugar Hill sectn of Harlem, and s adversari. A <a href=">vio</a> posted on TikTok shows Notti’s iends grievg at a siwalk shre where Notti’s name is spelled out ndl; a subsequent TikTok ptur an opp <a href=">sabotagg</a> the shre. DD Osama has put out a strg of <a href=">tribute</a> <a href=">songs</a> and social-media shout-outs. Other rappers have <a href=">released</a> <a href=">songs</a>, and teasers <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">for</a> <a href=">forthg</a> <a href=">songs</a>, wh rhym sultg Notti.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-1 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">Dissg the ceased is a <a href=">standard move</a> drill. To be “ught lackg”—ambhed by an opp when you are unarmed or otherwise not on your guard—is nsired a failure worthy of ridicule, and many songs clu tntg referenc to real-life murr victims. Followers of the cy’s drill scene have grown faiar wh the nam of several New York teen-agers, killed over the years gang-related vlence, who have bee somethg like stock characters, voked repeatedly by rappers as objects of py and srn. Notti himself often engaged this brand of sults. In “Dead Opps,” he ris the rapper <a href=">C-HII WVTTZ</a> (Jayquan McKenley), an eighteen-year-old om the Bronx who was killed a drive-by shootg Febary, and <a href=">Rah Gz</a> (Ramon Gil-Medrano), an alleged member of the gang Young Gunnaz, or 800 YGz, who was shot ad a livery b the Bronx the summer of 2021. Another Notti song, “<a href=">41K</a>,” featur mockg rhym about both Rah Gz and <a href=">Esmerlyn (Smelly) Torib</a>, a seventeen-year-old who was stabbed to ath the Bronx 2016, durg an altertn arisg om the sale of a motorcycle. “Smelly a bch,” Notti raps. “He got poked for a bike.”</p><p class="paywall">It’s not surprisg that Notti’s ath has spired a round of cel mil memoratn. “Notti Bop” mc no words, wh rhym that savor the grisly tails of the killg: “He got poked one time, stopped breath’/ His mans left him, he was on the floor bleed’/ I nnot die on a tra like Ethan.” But is the dance—those punch to the midsectn, mimickg Notti’s stabbg—that has set the song apart and ma an Inter sensatn. It n be difficult to ppot the origs of viral trends, but “Notti Bop” appears to have first surfaced onle around September 20th, wh the arrival of a brief teaser vio that featur Kyle Richh and a young child <a href=">dancg</a> to an excerpt of the song. On October 3rd, <a href=">another clip previewg</a> the song was posted to Richh’s TikTok feed, showg him dog the dance wh a bunch of iends. By the time the <a href=">official mic vio</a> was released, five days later, the <a href=">wildfire</a> <a href=">spread</a> of the “Notti Bop” on social media was well unr way.</p><p class="paywall">There are vios of teen-agers Notti Boppg on <a href=">street</a> <a href=">rners</a>, <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">subway</a> <a href=">statns</a>, <a href=">clothg</a> <a href=">stor</a>, <a href=">bedrooms</a>. There are untls TikToks <a href=">shot</a> <a href="></a> <a href=">schools</a>: <a href=">feterias</a> and <a href=">gymnasiums</a>, <a href=">science class</a> and <a href=">a mic room</a>, durg a <a href=">lockdown drill</a>. School bathrooms, evintly, <a href=">are</a> <a href=">Notti</a> <a href=">Boppg</a> <a href=">hot</a> <a href=">spots</a>. “Damn everybody notti bopp down to teacher, fay members, and hoe pets” reads the ptn on <a href=">a vio</a>, posted by a er wh the TikTok handle zayybandz. There is ed a subgenre of “Notti Bop” vios starrg <a href=">ts</a>, <a href=">dogs</a>, <a href=">iguanas</a>, and, the se of one viral clip, <a href=">an otter</a>. Notti Boppg fants are <a href=">also a thg</a>.</p><div class="Contaer-bkChBi byNLHx"></div><p class="paywall">At first, the “Notti Bop” appeared to be nfed to New York, but swiftly <a href=">migrated</a> beyond the five boroughs. A high-school football player New Jersey celebrated a pick-six terceptn return wh a “Notti Bop” <a href=">end-zone celebratn</a>. The song reached school kids <a href=">Massachetts</a>, <a href=">Florida</a>, <a href=">Oh</a>, and <a href=">Indiana</a>. A vio surfaced that seems to pture members of the Goln State Warrrs <a href=">Notti Boppg</a> durg a preason game. Another TikTok <a href=">shows</a> two young men ary fatigu, evintly members of the U.S. armed forc, dancg to the song. (The ptn reads, “Notti Boppg our untry to safety.”) In the U.K., a drill hotbed, TikTokers rerd “Notti Bop” vios on the <a href=">London Unrground</a> and ont of <a href=">Buckgham Palace</a>.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><asi class="PersistentAsiWrapper-VGrR daRVRt persistent-asi" style="posn:absolute;top:to;height:to" data-ttid="PersistentAsiWrapper"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="a2sft"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></asi></div></div><div data-ttid="RowWrapper" class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="etbqk4"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">At a time when the phenomenon of viral vios has bee faiar, even banal, “Notti Bop” stands out s pacy—s eagerns—to appall. A subgenre of “Notti Bop” vios mov past the simple slapstick of the dance’s signature “stabs” to more <a href=">elaborate</a> <a href=">reënactments</a> of Notti’s ath. (One TikTok, filmed a Boston subway statn, <a href=">re-creat</a> the fatal showdown, plete wh the chase down the platform, the broomstick attack, and the lethal “knifg.”) Then, there are the many vios which apparently unwtg thory figur—<a href=">ps</a>, <a href=">clergymen</a>, <a href=">mailmen</a>, “<a href=">my 73 yr old sub</a>”—jo kids Notti Boppg. <a href=">Schoolteachers</a> <a href=">are</a> <a href=">by</a> <a href=">far</a> <a href=">the</a> <a href=">favore</a> <a href=">marks</a>.</p><p class="paywall">In recent weeks, TikTok has apparently ma efforts to purge “Notti Bop” vios om the platform. Yet new clips ntue to materialize, on TikTok and other s. To view the imag bulk, swipg through as one “Notti Bop” after another flickers past, is to experience a peculiar kd of disquiet. On the one hand, is a sort of horror show. The seemg llons wh which the dancers burlque a fourteen-year-old’s ath—the breezy way that the dance turns a killg to a sight gag—duc a shiver. Yet the vios also feel oddly nocent. What you behold, TikTok after TikTok, is kids havg transgrsive fun, and revellg their own brazenns. They are experiencg some of the keent and most primal pleasur of youth: the thrills of mischief-makg and puttg one over on cluels adults.</p><p class="paywall">They are also engagg age-old tradns. Slapstick vlence has been a fixture of art sce antiquy and is one of the fg featur of Amerin popular culture. It’s temptg to see “Notti Bop” as a parody, a mabre sendup of both viral TikTok fads and the long leage of songs—“The Hokey Pokey,” “The Twist,” “<a href=">Watch Me (Whip/Nae Nae)</a>,” and so on—whose lyrics offer step-by-step guis to dance craz.</p><p class="paywall">As for the moral qutns: they loom large the “Notti Bop” nversatn. Alongsi the proliferatg “Notti Bop” clips, the Inter has filled up wh sldg <a href=">reactn</a> <a href=">vios</a>, <a href=">explaers</a> <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">utng</a> kids not to do the dance, social-media jeremiads <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">exprsg</a> outrage. There is a much shared TikTok which three girls angrily <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">nont</a> a boy about Notti Boppg. Many “Notti Bop” vios clu ptns exprsg <a href=">ambivalence</a> and <a href=">guilt</a>. (“<a href=">Rip notti but this dance hard asf</a>.”) A TikTok that has been viewed more than eight hundred thoand tim <a href=">shows</a> a young man arrivg Heaven, only to be st out when “God Pulls Out My Playlist on Judgment Day.” The vio ends wh the kid Notti Boppg Hell.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-2 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">The fact that young people are engaged wh the thorny ethics of “Notti Bop” may not assuage those who see drill, pla and simple, as a malevolent force. There are many such crics, and some of them are highly placed. In New York, the mic has e unr attack by Mayor Eric Adams, who earlier this year <a href=">floated the ia</a> of a social-media ban on certa drill vios, argug that they promote gun vlence and endanger the public. The N.Y.P.D., which has long mataed an <a href=">telligence un</a> voted to hip-hop, has been acced of wagg a “<a href=">war agast drill rap</a>”—monorg artists’ onle activy, shuttg down vio shoots, and preventg New York ncert appearanc by leadg rappers. Drill rappers have characterized the N.Y.P.D.’s actns as asslts on their character and livelihoods; police have <a href=">sisted</a> on the nnectn between drill and “acts of vlence cywi.” In April, the police missner, Keechant Sewell, announced the arrt of twenty alleged Bronx gang members “<a href=">Operatn Drilly</a>,” which gathered evince part om mic vios. The succs of Operatn Drilly, Sewell said, was a step forward the N.Y.P.D.’s efforts to brg to jtice “the relatively small percentage of people rponsible for much of our cy’s crime and disorr.”</p><p class="paywall">The rrelatn of drill wh street vlence elis trickier qutns of atn, while revvg up the moral panic that has greeted not jt rap but nearly all forms of Black popular mic for more than a century. Denouncers of drill also tend to overlook how the mic functns as art and prott. The genre <a href=">took shape</a> Chigo, the early twenty-tens, as a grimmer, more bisg offshoot of trap, the domant hip-hop style for much of the past two s. Drill’s bleakns and nihilism, s immersn gang nflicts, s rporatn of lol lor and lol lgo, gave voice to young—often, very young—Black men, and stood ntrast to a hip-hop mastream that had var ways lost touch wh s grass roots.</p><p class="paywall">Drill spread om Chigo to London, where producers rporated beats, rivative of genr such as grime and garage, that gave the mic a <a href=">dark, symphonic sweep</a>. And took hold Brooklyn, first wh viral hs by rappers such as <a href=">Bobby Shmurda</a>, and, the late twenty-tens, wh a new wave of m.c.s who began to rerd <a href=">songs</a> g beats by U.K.-based producers that they’d disvered on the Inter. The most charismatic voice belonged to <a href=">Pop Smoke</a> (Bashar Jackson), om Canarsie, Brooklyn, who emerged 2019 as New York drill’s first te superstar. In the hs “<a href=">Wele to the Party</a>” and “<a href=">Dr</a>,” which reached No. 22 on the <em>Billboard</em> Hot 100, he livers sly rhym—about gangs, guns, gettg high, gettg laid, and other perennial topics— a mandg basso profundo over productn that booms and tolls.</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div><div data-ttid="RowWrapper" class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="zodj2"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">Pop Smoke was so magic, and his songs so tchy, that many missed the polics: how the lyrics <a href=">smuggle</a> laments about the crimal-jtice system, how the omo throb of the dms and 808 bass l dra glamour om the narrativ, evokg a world of speratn and dread. Drill fans unrstood, though. When the rapper was shot ad at age twenty an attempted robbery at a Los Angel Airbnb on Febary 19, 2020—a killg not lked to gang activy—young New Yorkers hailed him as a martyr, spontaneoly assemblg the streets of Canarsie, where they <a href=">rapped along</a> to “Dr” like a church ngregatn recg scripture. That sprg, the aftermath of <a href=">Gee Floyd</a>’s murr by Mneapolis police, the song took on new dimensns. Sudnly, Pop Smoke’s rhym about a luxury shoppg spree—“Christian Dr, Dr / I’m up all the stor / When ras, pours”—sound prophetic and exhortative, the soundtrack to a wave of revolt sweepg across New York. “Dr” beme a looter’s anthem, thunrg out of speakers while crowds <a href=">smashed</a> the wdows of high-end stor, as well as a <a href=">chant of ristance</a>—the <a href=">song</a> <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">that</a> <a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">played</a> as protters marched and faced down police Black Liv Matter monstratns.</p><p class="paywall">Drill, other words, is a generatnal sound, channellg the anger, forebodg, and ambient bad vib of our historil moment as powerfully as any popular mic. Drill is also symptomatic of changg mos of productn and distributn hip-hop: how kids wh laptops and smartphon n flood the Inter wh songs and vios and, if they’re lucky or talented or both, kick-start their reers. Of urse, there are untls drill rappers who want to be Pop Smoke, and prec few who land rerd als, or even turn rappg to a remunerative gig.</p><p class="paywall">Which isn’t to say that some don’t achieve a measure of fame or sre viral hs. In the drill unrground where Notti ma his name, renown is predited on beef—fds wh opps that play out, soap-opera style, the t for tat of diss tracks and social-media posts. “Notti Bop” is a product of this cycle. The song is a rponse to Notti’s “41K,” which directs sults and ath threats at 41, Richh’s Brooklyn-based crew. (The tle “41K” is shorthand for “41 Killer.”)</p><p class="paywall">Notti may have earntly regard Richh and pany as his mortal fo. Or he might have been beefg for beef’s sake, to keep the songs and clicks g. A siar ambiguy marks the claims of gang affiliatn and crimal activy ma by most drill rappers. Hip-hop fans long ago learned to spend disbelief, relishg the w and nvictn wh which m.c.s perform the role of outlaw and not worryg too much about what’s real and what’s imagary.</p><p class="paywall">The mystique of drill—or the scrappy tier of New York drill to which Notti belonged, at least—li a different kd of thenticy. It is epomized by Instagram and TikTok vios that offer glimps of rappers on their home turf— the streets of heavily policed neighborhoods and unglamoro apartments. As rerdg artists, they are often subpar, shoutg clichés ungaly rhyme-flows over generic beats. But the rappers have unassailable bona fis—namely, their own social vulnerabily, the patent tth that they are teen-agers whose everyday existence is fed by danger and want. Whether or not their tal of gang warfare reflect realy, there is no doubt that drill artists hab a world shaped by vlence—the stctural vlence of equaly, stery, and a society that nst young Black and brown men as crimal by fn, no matter how they lead their liv, or what they rap about.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-3 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">The qutns of voyrism and slummg that have hovered over hip-hop fandom sce the rise of gangsta rap are heightened drill. One much viewed “Notti Bop” TikTok <a href=">featur</a> a whe teen-ager, seated a handsome bedroom, offerg mentary on the song a thick “blaccent.” The boy nces that he is a “civilian”—i.e., a non-gang member—“om the burbs.” But he go on to assert that, if he were DD Osama’s sho, he’d be “gog to fuckg jail”; he would avenge his brother’s honor, nsequenc be damned. It is unsettlg to ntemplate how fans who s at vast social distanc om drill’s stars dulge fantasi and extract issons om the rappers’ real-life tragedi.</p><p class="paywall">Drill artists are aware of the dynamics. In “<a data-offer-url=" class="external-lk" data-event-click="{"element":"ExternalLk","outgogURL":"" href=" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Ballad of the Bullet: Gangs, Drill Mic, and the Power of Onle Infamy</a>,” Forrt Stuart, a profsor of soclogy at Stanford, argu that drill is a creative rponse to stigma and margalizatn, whereby “gang-associated youth are explog digal platforms to modify and sh on the public’s long-standg fascatn wh ghetto poverty.” Stuart, who spent years studyg a group of “drillers” Chigo, shows that the rappers’ dreams of stable liv are tied to “onle famy.” The more florid their social-media performanc of vlence and viance, the greater the number of followers they are able to attract, creasg the possibily of moary rewards and upward mobily. Stuart nclus that drill rappers’ displays of vlence the virtual realm may many s be a strategy for avoidg actual vlence. “Behd their onle bravado is a sperate attempt to build a better future for themselv, to feel loved, to be seen as someone special,” he wr. “In that rpect, they’re flockg to social media for some of the same reasons as anyone else.”</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="q7p95p"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div class="journey-un"></div></div></div><div class="StickyBoxPlaceholr-grPmrg dxAvXx"></div></div></div></div><div data-ttid="RowWrapper" class="RowWrapper-UmqTg HEhan full-bleed-ad row-mid-ntent-ad"><div class="StickyMidContentAdWrapper-fSBzwl drzyIa ad-stickymidntent"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--mid-ntent should-hold-space"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--mid-ntent" data-no-id="fgdla"></div></div></div></div><div class="GridWrapper-cAzTTK kHBDeH grid grid-margs grid-ems-2 ArticlePageChunksGrid-hfxa bjczjj grid-layout--adrail narrow wi-adrail"><div class="GridItem-buujkM stRKV grid--em grid-layout__ntent"><div class="BodyWrapper-kufPGa bDyAMU body body__ntaer article__body" data-journey-hook="client-ntent" data-ttid="BodyWrapper"><div class="body__ner-ntaer"><p class="paywall">Of urse, onle bravado n have terrible offle nsequenc. Notti’s Kelv Ventura, forty-three, <a href=">told</a> the <em>Daily News</em> that he believ Notti’s killg was an example of “art turng to vlence.” The cric Alphonse Pierre, one of the shrewst observers of drill, <a href=">wrote</a> Pchfork that “Notti Bop” reprents “a disturbg new low . . . the darkt si of New York drill,” lamentg how gatekeepers—the social-media platforms and “beef pag” that chronicle drill’s dramas—fan the flam of rivalri bee ’s good for bs.</p><p class="paywall">But to dismiss “Notti Bop” as purely exploative is to ignore that is the creatn of young people wh agency and ias. “Notti Bop” vios aim not jt to shock but to satirize and subvert, crackg <a href=">dark</a> <a href=">jok</a> about race and power. When you view TikToks such as one where a group of Black kids entice a whe N.Y.P.D. street p <a href=">to jo them</a> the “Notti Bop” dance, or the <a href=">remarkable vio</a> which a Black kid Notti Bops while wearg a wheface mask emblazoned wh the legend “GOD,” you are wnsg digal-age vville that prods at some of the ept pathologi Amerin life.</p><p class="paywall">Many believe the pathology li wh teen-agers themselv. We have recently endured an electn cycle domated by <a href=">fearmongerg</a> about urban disorr, wh ndidat petg to assert tough-on-crime crentials while—tacly and, many s, explicly—monizg Black youth. There is no mistakg the msage elected officials are sendg, and is not jt g om the G.O.P. Print Bin ed his State of the Unn addrs to proclaim, “<a href=">Fund the police!</a>” In New York, Mayor Adams, a Democrat, me to office proposg dranian cuts to public-school fundg, and seekg a two-hundred-ln-dollar crease to the N.Y.P.D. budget. This year, Adams and Governor Kathy Hochul have <a href=">overseen</a> an N.Y.P.D. “surge” the cy’s subways to fight a <a href=">dub</a> “crime wave”; statistics <a href=">dite</a> that the ma rult of the subway ployments is an explosn of arrts for low-level crim such as fare evasn, a form of -facto profilg, crics argue, that overwhelmgly hs young New Yorkers of lor. In September, the Mayor and Governor <a href=">announced</a> a new multiln-dollar iative to stall surveillance meras on M.T.A. tras. “You thk Big Brother is watchg you on the subway?” Hochul said, at a news nference. “You’re absolutely right.”</p><p class="paywall">One might reasonably draw the ncln that adults power are more vted policg and punishg the young than safeguardg their rights or providg them wh a cent tn, to say nothg of surg that they will her a habable pla. “Notti Bop” vios may be bt unrstood this ntext: as exprsns of generatnal rage and abandonment, dramatized the Kabi of figurative murr (or, you uld argue, figurative suici). A eful parison n be ma to another spectacle that ma news mid-October: the footage of activists om the environmental group Jt Stop Oil throwg tomato soup on a Van Gogh patg at London’s Natnal Gallery. The Jt Stop Oil actn is an explic prott; the “Notti Bop” dance operat at the murkier level of the subnsc. Both are viral-vio stunts that ll attentn to lears’ actn the face of crisis and to Gen Z’s spair for the future.</p><p class="paywall">But “Notti Bop” is not jt a provotn or remonstratn. It is a <a href=">memento mori</a>. The paradox of “Notti Bop” and other songs of s ilk is that even as they malign the ad, they pay tribute to them. Generally, the killgs of gang- and drill-affiliated teen-agers garner a few days of verage New York’s tabloids and on lol TV news; ocsnally, policians squeeze out crodile tears while tong sermons about wayward youth. Soon, though, the victims vanish om headl and llective nscns. But drill <a href=">don’t let them disappear</a>. Through the harsh backhand homage of diss tracks, New York drill has waged a war agast fettg, keepg alive the nam of C-HII WVTTZ and Rah Gz and Smelly—and <a href=">Noah</a> (Mois Lora), <a href=">Woo Lotti</a> (Glenn Cole), <a href=">Naz Rolla</a> (Nisayah Sanchez), <a href=">Jayrip</a> (Jaryan Ellt), and many others. Now Notti <a href=">has joed that pantheon</a>. “Notti Bop” secrat the memory of Ethan Rey. It also memorializ him.</p><p class="paywall">Adults may reil at drill’s cel ruals of remembrance. But surely our dismay should be directed at the broken world we’ve ma, the ndns we create and tolerate, not the art children produce rponse as they <a href=">stggle</a> to make sense of senselsns. Back July, a vio rerdg of emergency workers rryg Notti’s slumped body out of the 137th Street–Cy College statn went viral onle. Perhaps the most hntg “Notti Bop” TikTok is a <a href=">reënactment</a> of this scene, showg a group of boys bearg the body of a classmate up a school stairway.</p><div data-attr-viewport-monor="le-recirc" class="le-recirc-wrapper le-recirc-observer-target-4 viewport-monor-anchor"></div><p class="paywall">The clip hovers between travty and tragedy; the kids perform the slapstick “Notti Bop” stabs, yet the procsn up the stairs has the stately digny of a funeral march. Like nearly all “Notti Bop” vios, clus the children’s mic sample that opens Richh’s song, a snippet of “<a href=">Castaways</a>,” om the rtoon seri “The Backyardigans.” This was a nny productn choice: ntext, the song’s bossa-nova chord chang and chirpg child volists sound eerie and forlorn, an effect tensified by the lyrics. “Castaways,” the children sg. “We are staways / We’re stuck where we are.” It plays like a requiem, and not jt for Notti Osama. ♦</p></div></div></div><div class="GridItem-buujkM fVLMby grid--em grid-layout__asi"><div class="StickyBoxWrapper-jfYB jxBcTH sticky-box"><div class="StickyBoxPrimary-dzWDWL cdhYoN sticky-box__primary"><div class="AdWrapper-dQtivb fZrssQ ad ad--rail"><div class="ad__slot ad__slot--rail" data-no-id="vipwtb"></div></div><div class="ConsumerMarketgUnThemedWrapper-iUTMTf jssHut nsumer-marketg-un nsumer-marketg-un--display-rail" role="prentatn" aria-hidn="te"><div class="nsumer-marketg-un__slot nsumer-marketg-un__slot--display-rail"></div><div 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target="_self"><div class="SummaryItemHedBase-hiFYpQ iIjKeM summary-em__hed" data-ttid="SummaryItemHed">The Transn</div></a><div class="SummaryItemAssetContaer-gwhFFH VOyg summary-em__asset-ntaer"><a class="SummaryItemImageLk-dshqxb USLvL summary-em__image-lk summary-em-trackg__image-lk" href=" aria-hidn="te" tabx="-1" data-ponent-type="recirc-river" data-recirc-id="em-image-2" data-recirc-pattern="summary-em" target="_self"><span class="SpanWrapper-umhxW kGxnNB rponsive-asset SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image"><div data-tt="aspect-rat-ntaer" class="AspectRatContaer-bJHpJz jMoLpX"><div class="aspect-rat--overlay-ntaer"><picture class="RponsiveImagePicture-cWuUZO dUOtEa SummaryItemRponsiveAsset-hjGIGg egpoQR summary-em__image rponsive-image"><noscript><source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w, 640w" siz="100vw"/><source media="(m-width: 768px)" srcSet=" 120w, 240w, 320w" siz="100vw"/><img alt="The Transn" class="RponsiveImageContaer-eybHBd fptoWY rponsive-image__image" src="></noscript></picture></div></div></span></a></div><div class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ SummaryItemDek-CRfsi iUEiRd jxOIpm cPtisA summary-em__k">Lyndon Johnson and the events Dallas.</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Robert A. 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All the years later, why has the se bee a e?</div><div class="SummaryItemByleWrapper-boCfbi hYsZi summary-em__byle-date-in"><div class="SummaryItemBaseByle-fFbXkY cgDBtc summary-em__byle"><div class="summary-em__byle__ntent"><div data-ttid="BylWrapper" class="BylWrapper-KIudk irTIfE byl"><p class="ByleWrapper-jWHrLH dSEWiO byle byl__byle" data-ttid="ByleWrapper" emProp="thor" emType="><span emProp="name" class="ByleNamWrapper-jbHncj fuDQVo"><span data-ttid="ByleName" class="ByleName-kwmrLn cYaBaU byle__name"><span class="BaseWrap-sc-gjQpdd BaseText-ewhhUZ BylePreamble-iJolpQ iUEiRd jslZfG gnILss byle__preamble">By </span>Nathan Heller</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="SummaryItemWrapper-iwvBff hlYhBH summary-em summary-em--ARTICLE summary-em--no-in summary-em--text-align-left summary-em--layout-placement-text-below-sktop-only summary-em--layout-posn-image-right summary-em--layout-proportns-33-66 summary-em--si-by-si-align-center 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