Gay father surrogacy fai: relatnships wh surrogat and egg donors and parental disclosure of children's origs - ScienceDirect

Contents:

• GAY FATHERS, GOG IT ALONE
• ORIGAL ARTICLEGAY FATHER SURROGACY FAI: RELATNSHIPS WH SURROGAT AND EGG DONORS AND PARENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CHILDREN'S ORIGS
• GAY FATHERS’ MOTIVATNS FOR AND FEELGS ABOUT SURROGACY AS A PATH TO PARENTHOOD
• GAY FATHER SURROGACY FAI: RELATNSHIPS WH SURROGAT AND EGG DONORS AND PARENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CHILDREN'S ORIGS
• THE SURROGACY OPTN: A GENERAL OVERVIEW FOR GAY COUPL
• SURROGACY FOR GAY COUPL: HOW TO SELECT THE GEIC FATHER

GAY FATHERS, GOG IT ALONE

Introductn to SurrogacyOverview of Gay SurrogacyWhat to Look for a Surrogacy AgencyBeg a Gay ParentTrans ParentgLGBTQ+ Surrogacy LawsSPAR Program for HIV ParentsStartg a Surrogacy JourneyThe Surrogacy ProcsSurrogacy Costs & ProgramsFancial Assistance For SurrogacyFdg an Egg Donor Fdg a Surrogate MotherLGBTQ+ Partnerships and Organizatns.

Although surrogacy for heterosexual tend parents and same-sex tend parents is largely siar, there are a few factors that make 's important to unrstand your rights as parents, and what the surrogacy laws are your state or untry, and the state which your surrogate legal procr for gay parentgPre-Birth Orr (PBO): A urt proceedg that tablish parental rights prr to the birth of the child. Ensurg that your surrogate liv a state which you'll be able to safely and securely tablish your parental rights is ccial for a succsful more about surrogacy and the law for gay parentsSee, and why havg proper legal reprentatn is cril for a succsful journey. Not every surrogacy agency is a good f, fdg a surrogacy agency wh which you have good chemistry and who shar your views about surrogacy for gay dividual or upl is key to a succsful journey.

Surrogate matchg preferenc for gay and trans you're workg wh a surrogacy agency such as Circle, there are certa creria on which you will be matched wh your gtatnal rrier. Regular munitn also helps tend parents feel fortable wh their surrogate, and feel part of the pregnancy and a gay tend parent, buildg a relatnship wh your surrogate also helps you tell your child their orig story, and giv him/her the opportuny to know the woman who helped create your fay.

ORIGAL ARTICLEGAY FATHER SURROGACY FAI: RELATNSHIPS WH SURROGAT AND EGG DONORS AND PARENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CHILDREN'S ORIGS

Nila Carone and others, Surrogacy fai head by gay men: relatnships wh surrogat and egg donors, fathers’ cisns over disclosure and children’s views on their surrogacy origs, Human Reproductn, Volume 33, Issue 2, Febary 2018, Pag 248–257,. STUDY QUESTIONHow do gay father fai experience surrogacy terms of their relatnships wh surrogat and egg donors, fathers’ disclosure cisns and children’s views on their surrogacy origs? SUMMARY ANSWERMore fai had a relatnship wh the surrogate than the egg donor, and almost all had started to disclose to their children, the majory of whom exprsed limed tert their surrogacy IS KNOWN ALREADYGay fathers tend to report greater ntact wh the surrogate than the egg donor and to disclose only the e of a surrogate (omtg discsn of the egg donor and the rpective fathers’ geic relatedns).

Children’s views on their surrogacy nceptn to gay fathers are not DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONThirty-one children and 80 fathers were terviewed as part of a larger -pth vtigatn of 40 Italian gay father surrogacy fai. Further, some children belonged to the same fay, and this uld have biased the rults, as the children may have had siar IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSPrr to this study, the voice of children nceived by gay fathers through surrogacy had not been heard. An creasg number of gay men are creatg fai through surrogacy (Norton et al., 2013)—a practice whereby a woman (the ‘surrogate’) bears a pregnancy for the tend parent(s) wh the tentn of handg over the rultg child.

California or Canada) of the ma ncerns regardg gay father surrogacy fai pertas to the surrogate–child relatnship, as is assumed that the child may view the surrogate as a mother and suffer when there is no relatnship—or one that is limed by physil distance (Golombok, 2015; Lgiardi and Carone, 2016b). No studi have vtigated how children born to gay fathers through surrogacy feel about their origs, the terms they e when talkg about their surrogate and egg donor, or their unrstandg of their nceptn. In a study of 40 Amerin gay father surrogacy fai (Blake et al., 2016), of whom four ed an anonymo egg donor, only 25% were found to have met the donor after the child’s birth and only 31% had a relatnship wh her; nversely, 83% had met the surrogate and 85% had a relatnship wh her.

GAY FATHERS’ MOTIVATNS FOR AND FEELGS ABOUT SURROGACY AS A PATH TO PARENTHOOD

5 years (Blake et al., 2016), 83% of the fathers had started the disclosure procs, though some had not yet mentned the e of donated eggs or disclosed whose sperm had been paper aims at vtigatg the gay father fai’ experienc of surrogacy, addrsg three rearch qutns: What was the nature of the fai’ relatnships wh the surrogate and egg donor?

Fathers were asked about their relatnship wh the surrogate and egg donor, and their cisns to disclose to their children, acrdance wh prev studi of gay father surrogacy fai (Blake et al., 2016; Carone et al., 2017a). The prent study’s fdgs not only support the view that surrogacy may be easier for children to unrstand than gamete donatn (Readgs et al., 2011) but also that the immediate exposure of children gay father fai to their non-tradnal fay form means that their origs are explaed early and they have more time to tegrate this rmatn.

Third, many fathers reported that their tentn to bee a parent mattered more than geic relatedns, though this fdg stands ntrast to those of studi showg that geic nnectn to the child is greatly valued by gay fathers g surrogacy (Murphy, 2015; Blake et al., 2017; Carone et al., 2017a, 2017b). Contrary to ncerns that the children of gay fathers fd difficult to al wh their origs (Golombok, 2015; Lgiardi and Carone, 2016a), none of the children this study showed negative feelgs towards their nceptn durg middle childhood. In le wh prev rearch on gay father surrogacy fai (Greenfeld and Seli, 2011; Smietana et al., 2014; Blake et al., 2016; Carone et al., 2017a; Murphy, 2015), this study found that fathers were more likely to mata a relatnship wh the surrogate than the donor.

GAY FATHER SURROGACY FAI: RELATNSHIPS WH SURROGAT AND EGG DONORS AND PARENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CHILDREN'S ORIGS

However, although the donor was generally visible the gay father fai, over 70% of the fathers had liberately chosen a donor wh whom there was some chance of future ntact. Although a variety of recment procr were ed to diversify the sample, the gay father surrogacy fai were necsarily unique terms of e, given the high st of the surrogacy procre. However, as not all children wh each fay gave the same rpons, is probable that they had differg experienc of to this study, the voice of children born to gay fathers through surrogacy had not been heard.

The fdgs have important implitns for psychologists and fertily unsellors, as they provi an -pth examatn of gay father fai’ experienc of surrogacy, terms of their relatnships wh surrogat and egg donors, fathers’ disclosure cisns, and children’s views on their origs. As the tradnal ncept of fay ntu to evolve, sgle gay men havg children through surrogacy are begng to Williams and his 4-year-old son, ScherPhotographs by Sara Naomi LewkowiczOct.

THE SURROGACY OPTN: A GENERAL OVERVIEW FOR GAY COUPL

Surrogacy agenci across the untry report a surge of tert om sgle gay men the last few Marsh, a spokwoman for Men Havg Babi, a nonprof that helps gay men navigate the surrogacy procs, said that the crease tert om sgle men is part of a broar surge gay fai. “Growg up gay a homophobic town, and tough fancial tim, was hard to see how I’d have my own kids, ” he parents stng together several low-wage jobs, and he’s the first his fay to earn a bachelor’s gree.

Towers stayed Oregon for three more weeks, until the tws were ready for the long flight home to New unpredictable as the medil prospect of surrogacy may be, some gay men prefer that to the possibily of facg discrimatn Williams had his son, Elan, via surrogacy four years ago. View PDF rights and ntentObjectiveTo study the nature and qualy of relatnships between gay father fai and their surrogat and egg donors and parental disclosure of children's origs. Concln(s)In gay father surrogacy fai wh young children, relatnships between parents, children, surrogat, and egg donors are generally WordsChildrendisclosureegg donay fathersurrogacyCed by (0)L.

SUMMARY ANSWERMost fathers chose surrogacy bee they nsired adoptn to be a ls sirable and/or accsible path to IS KNOWN ALREADYLtle is known of gay fathers’ motivatns to e surrogacy as a path to parenthood over and above other forms of fay buildg, such as adoptn, and no studi have examed fathers’ satisfactn wh the surrogacy DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONThis study ed a cross-sectnal sign as part of a larger vtigatn of parent–child relatnships and child adjtment 40 gay father surrogacy fai. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSemi-stctured terviews, lastg ~1 h, were nducted the fay home (65%) or over Skype (35%) wh 74 gay fathers (35 geic fathers, 32 non-geic fathers and 7 fathers who did not know or did not disclose who the geic father was), when the children were 3–9 years RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEGeic and non-geic fathers were jt as likely to want to bee parents and had siar motivatns for choosg surrogacy as a path to parenthood. Due to the high average annual e of the fathers the study, fdgs may not generalize to gay fathers wh lower IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSIt is often assumed that parents’ primary motivatn for g ART is to have a geic nnectn to the child.

SURROGACY FOR GAY COUPL: HOW TO SELECT THE GEIC FATHER

Keywords: surrogacy, gay father, geic relatedns, same-sex upl, gtatnal surrogacy, geic surrogacyIntroductnIn 2014, ~37 800 male same-sex upl were raisg children the USA (US Cens Bure, 2014). Gay upl who wish to bee parents may do so through surrogacy, a procs which a woman rri a pregnancy to term wh the tentn to relquish the child to the tendg parent(s).