The crease the number of visible gay and trans people is sometim treated as a cursy or a e for ncern by crics, but ’s not a surprise. It’s normal.
Contents:
- SGAPORE GAY VENU: NTEMPORARY
- A GAY UPLE RAN A RAL RTRANT PEACE. THEN NEW NEIGHBORS ARRIVED.
- HOW GAY EDLY IS SGAPORE? - SGAPORE FOM
SGAPORE GAY VENU: NTEMPORARY
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More importantly, unlike the few other surveys done, PLU’s study avoid judgemental qutns such as whether one “approved” or "did not approve" of homosexualy, or emotnally-lan on, such as whether one would be “disappoted” or “shocked”. The Attus on fay: Survey on social attus of Sgaporeans (SAS) 2001[5], nducted by dtrial psychologist David Chan on behalf of the Mistry of Communy Development and Sports[6] over a cross sectn of Sgaporeans found that 29% of those unr 30 years of age found homosexualy acceptable[7]. The public opn poll was wrten up as an amic rearch paper entled, "Sgaporeans’ Attus toward Lbians and Gay Men and their Tolerance of Media Portrayals of Homosexualy" and published the Internatnal Journal of Public Opn Rearch, Volume 19, Issue 3, Autumn 2007, pag 367–379[10].
Therefore, the aim of this study was to document current public opn Sgapore and to ntribute to scholarship on homosexualy Asia by vtigatg some of the predictors of attus toward lbians and gay men. Asian valu have never been examed the ntext of attus toward homosexualy, and the lk between religsy and attus toward gay men and lbians has been explored only predomantly Juo-Christian populatns (e. A review of the lerature reveals that people generally hold negative attus toward lbians and gay men (Abraham & Abraham, 1998; Herek & Glunt, 1993; Lieblich & Friedman, 1985; Steffens & Wagner, 2004).
Although negative attus toward lbians and gay men are monly attributed to the fact that homosexualy ns ntrary to the norm of heterosexualy (Eskridge, 1992), rearchers have intified a number of predictors of such views, namely thorarianism, social domance orientatn, tradnal genr role attus, religsy, belief of ntrollabily of homosexualy and the extent of ntact wh homosexuals (Hart, Calvert, & Babridge, 1998; Lance, 1987; Newman, 1989; Whley, 1999; Whley & Lee, 2000). To have a more thorough and robt unrstandg of public opn of homosexualy and s portrayal films, is necsary to e well tablished and empirilly tted attu sl and other reliable measur (Herek, 1994; Larsen, Reed, & Hoffman, 1980), as well as probabily samplg at the natnal level. Acrdg to the Censorship Review Commtee (CRC), portrayals of homosexualy are allowed films only if they are emed ‘nonexploative’ and nonpromotnal; films wh overt homosexual them are allowed only at the Sgapore Internatnal Film Ftival, not for mercial release (Censorship Review Commtee, 2003).
A GAY UPLE RAN A RAL RTRANT PEACE. THEN NEW NEIGHBORS ARRIVED.
The documentatn and chroniclg of gay venu Sgapore form an important aspect of the human geography of a signifint segment of the populatn. It was extremely difficult to fd or rerd such rmatn the past as the social activi nducted the areas were sometim at... * singapore gay population *
Rearch dit that attus toward lbians and gay men are related to relig orientatn and gree of religsy among those wh Juo-Christian beliefs (Altemeyer & Hunsberger, 1992; Batson, Eilman, Higley, & Rsell, 2001).
However, when vtigatg attus toward lbians and gay men, trsic religsy has been found to be associated wh more negative attus toward lbians and gay men than extrsic religsy (Herek, 1987; Kirkpatrick, 1993). A possible explanatn for the apparent nsistency between attus toward racial groups and lbians and gay men is that people who monstrate an trsic approach to relign are more willg to adm havg antigay attus bee, parison to prejudice toward racial mori, such attus are seen to ci more closely wh their Juo-Christian teachgs (Batson, Schoenra, & Ventis, 1993).
While there has been a lack of empiril studi leatg the relatnship between the major world religns (other than Christiany) and attus toward lbians and gay men, scholars and relig lears have actively engaged discsns of the topic (e.
HOW GAY EDLY IS SGAPORE? - SGAPORE FOM
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Many studi nducted on sampl of Wtern populatns have found that attus toward lbians and gay men are associated wh genr, age, tn and maral stat (Hay, 1995; Herdt, 2001; Jensen, Gambl, & Olsen, 1988).
As the attu ems me om the Attus Toward Lbians and Gay Men (ATLG) Sle, a well tablished pose measure, rponnts were not asked about Sectn 377A, a law which crimalis sexual relatns between men Sgapore. The study noted that was possible for people to hold negative attus towards homosexuals but accept gay men and lbians on a more personal level, whether as -workers or iends, regardls of whether they perceive homosexualy to be a choice. Those who had higher terpersonal ntact wh gay men and lbians and watched more films and televisn shows wh gay characters were also likely to exprs more posive attus toward gays and lbians, and to show greater acceptance.
Siar to studi nducted elsewhere, the survey found that Sgapore cizens and permanent rints who have a gay or lbian fay member or know someone who is gay are ls likely to have negative attus and be more acceptg.
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The study noted: “… people who had some homosexual personal ntacts had signifintly more posive attus than those wh no homosexual personal ntacts, and people wh more homosexual personal ntacts had signifintly more posive attus than those wh few personal ntacts. Aga, the rearchers wrote up the fdgs of the public opn poll as an amic rearch paper entled, "Influence of value predisposns, terpersonal ntact, and mediated exposure on public attus toward homosexuals Sgapore" and published the Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 16(3), pag 181-196 on 27 December 2012. A study by the Nanyang Technologil Universy (NTU) published the Asian Journal of Social Psychology December 2012 showed that posive attus toward homosexuals were beg more mon Sgapore as more gay people me out[15], [16].
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Sgaporean cizens and rints wh gay or lbian fay members, iends, or workers were also ls likely to have negative attus about homosexuals, and those who watched more films and televisn shows wh gay characters were more likely to exprs posive attus toward gay people.
"As more Sgaporeans e to ntact wh gay people and wh the risg availabily of films and televisn programm wh gay characters via ble televisn, lol cemas and the Inter, seems possible that there will be a more signifint shift attus towards gays and lbians over time, " rearcher Shirley Ho.
That lk between low IQ and prejudice, cludg low acceptance of homosexuals, may be explaed by the fact that low-telligence adults tend to gravate toward socially nservative iologi, which strsed hierarchy and ristance to change — attus that uld ntribute to prejudice. The poll, which unted 1003 valid rpons, was nducted over the Inter om 7 September to 12 October 2010 and advertised on gay portals cludg Of a total of 1156 rpons, 143 rpons were exclud bee they did not e om Sgapore cizens while another 10 were exclud as they said they were heterosexual. Au said they did not expect the issue of job discrimatn to be among the top issu of ncern to gay men and lbians although the anisatn was aware that male-to-female transgenrs nsired their number one issue.