Where Do Anti-Gay Prejudice Come From? | Psychology Today

Contents:

• WHERE DO ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE COME FROM?
• GAY RIGHTS
• GENR DIFFERENC ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE: EVINCE FOR STABILY AND CHANGE
• RELIG ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE AS A PREDICTOR OF MENTAL HEALTH, ABE, AND SUBSTANCE E
• ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE: THE MORE THGS CHANGE...
• I'M A GAY ARMY OFFICER—QUEER TROOPS MT FIGHT BACK
• GAY PREJUDICE? IT'S NOT EASY ADMTG YOU'RE … A SCIENTIST
• WHY GAYCISM SHOULD REPLACE HOMOPHOBIA
• ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE AND ALL-CSE MORTALY AMONG HETEROSEXUALS THE UNED STAT
• SPOTIFY’S ‘GAY PRI & PREJUDICE’ MARRI A BELOVED CLASSIC WH QUEER STORI AND SCRIPTED FICTN PODSTS
• LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR, AND QUEER MUNY
• 'GAY PRI & PREJUDICE' TRAILER: JSE TYLER FERGON PREVIEWS NEW JANE ATEN ADAPTATN (EXCLIVE)
• GAY PRI & PREJUDICE CREATORS ON UPDATG JANE ATEN FOR THE PODST AGE
• FAH & RELIGN: HOW TO UNTER ANTI-GAY RELIG ARGUMENTS

WHERE DO ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE COME FROM?

Dpe the persistence of stereotyp that portray lbian, gay, and bisexual people as disturbed, several s of rearch and clil experience have led all mastream medil and mental health anizatns this untry to nclu that the orientatns reprent normal forms of human experience.

GAY RIGHTS

Helpful rpons of a therapist treatg an dividual who is troubled about her or his same sex attractns clu helpg that person actively pe wh social prejudic agast homosexualy, succsfully rolve issu associated wh and rultg om ternal nflicts, and actively lead a happy and satisfyg life. The phrase “g out” is ed to refer to several aspects of lbian, gay, and bisexual persons’ experienc: self-awarens of same-sex attractns; the tellg of one or a few people about the attractns; wispread disclosure of same-sex attractns; and intifitn wh the lbian, gay, and bisexual muny. If they are a heterosexual relatnship, their experienc may be que siar to those of people who intify as heterosexual unls they choose to e out as bisexual; that se, they will likely face some of the same prejudice and discrimatn that lbian and gay dividuals enunter.

Homophobia, stigma (negative and ually unfair beliefs), and discrimatn (unfairly treatg a person or group of people) agast gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex wh men still exist the Uned Stat and n negatively affect the health and well-beg of this muny. Acrdg to fdgs om the survey “Discrimatn Ameri: Experienc and Views of LGBTQ Amerins, ” a majory of LGBTQ+ people have at some pot been the target of homophobic slurs and negative ments about their sexualy and genr inty, and most have been threatened or harassed or have experienced vlence at some pot bee of their sexual orientatn or genr inty. For example, a 2017 survey nducted by the Center for Amerin Progrs, 8 percent of gay, lbian, and bisexual rponnts reported beg nied service by a doctor or health re provir; 7 percent reported that doctors had refed to regnize their fay, such as a child or same-sex partner; 9 percent reported that provirs had ed abive language; and 7 percent experienced unwanted physil ntact by a doctor or health re provir.

For example, 1976, when Gallup asked rponnts how they felt about protectg “homosexuals” agast employment discrimatn general, only a small majory (56 percent) supported protectns, but when they asked aga 2008, the percentage supportg protectns creased to 89 percent. [20] He fed homophobia as the “dread of beg close quarters wh homosexuals” and suggted that was a nsequence of several factors, cludg relign, fear of beg homosexual, reprsed envy of the eedom om tradn that gay people seem to have, a threat to valu, and fear of ath. Items like “It would be upsettg for me to fd out I was alone wh a homosexual, ” “I fd the thought of homosexual acts disgtg, ” and “If a homosexual sat next to me on a b I would get nervo” all imply an aversive and affective rponse possibly due to reprsed fear.

GENR DIFFERENC ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE: EVINCE FOR STABILY AND CHANGE

[46] The are the voic and stggl of a rilient muny: the Mattache Society and Dghters of Bilis, which anized and built works of LGBTQ+ people the shadow of McCarthyism and anti-homosexual wch hunts; the transwomen and transmen, drag queens, queer youth of lor, street htlers, butch dyk, and gay men who took a stand at the Stonewall Inn; the LGBTQ+ people who, amid unimagable ath and sadns brought about by the AIDS epimic, built anizatns, took re of each other, acted up, and fought back agast ernment disda and neglect; and the people wh AIDS, many the midst of the ravag of the disease, who still found meang helpg others. To unrstand how experienc of mory strs the relatnal doma might expla equali mental health between sexual mory dividuals and their straight peers, my lleagu and I nducted a survey of 431 lbian, gay, and bisexual (55 percent) dividuals and straight-intified (45 percent) dividuals livg the Uned Stat and Canada.

RELIG ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE AS A PREDICTOR OF MENTAL HEALTH, ABE, AND SUBSTANCE E

This nonprof anizatn attempts to “uplift, empower, and nnect lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer youth around the globe” by tg about the negative effects of bullyg and harassment and workg to unter s negative effects on the self-teem, providg role mols and more recently muny based service provirs for LGBTQ youth. For example, a 2017 survey nducted by the Center for Amerin Progrs (Mirza & Rooney, 2018), 8% of gay, lbian, and bisexual rponnts reported beg nied service by a doctor or healthre provir; 7% reported that doctors had refed to regnize their same-sex partner or child; 9% reported that provirs had ed abive language; and 7% experienced unwanted physil ntact by a doctor or healthre provir.

ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE: THE MORE THGS CHANGE...

For example, the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn removed homosexualy om the list of mental illns documented the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistil Manual) 1973 (Bayer, 1981), the Amerin Psychologil Associatn has taken a LGBTQ-affirmative stance sce 1975 (), and the Amerin Amy of Pediatricians published a statement 2013, sayg that LGB adolcents need healthre that is “teen-iendly and welg to sexual mory youth” (Commtee on Adolcence, 2013).

Among them: the notn that homosexualy is somehow “unnatural”; that gay people are more likely to be paedophil or target children; that crimalizg homosexualy will tomatilly lead to same-sex marriage; or that equal rights for LGBT people will somehow ge relig eedom.

The word "phobia" the name nveys that fear of difference leads to hate; homophobic beliefs n be said to origate out of fear that the whe supremacist and lonial stat quo regardg genr and sexualy will be challenged, shatterg the worldviews of many people, but homophobia manifts as actns that are anythg but fearful. "Whereas homosexualy per se impli no impairment judgment, stabily, reliabily, or general social or votnal pabili, the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn (APA) lls on all ternatnal health anizatns, psychiatric anizatns, and dividual psychiatrists other untri to urge the repeal their own untri of legislatn that penaliz homosexual acts by nsentg adults private.

I'M A GAY ARMY OFFICER—QUEER TROOPS MT FIGHT BACK

Homophobia operat on a personal and systemic level, while heterosexism operat primarily on a systemic level bee is both the societal belief that heterosexual people should be prrized above all others as well as the real-world implitns of that belief. Other LGBTQ people Your lol LGBTQ muny center Onle muni of LGBTQ people Q Chat Space is a way for LGBTQ+ teens to nnect wh each other through live-chat group discsns — no matter where they are Tsted LGBTQ adults that you may already know, such as fay members or teachers Straight people who are alli to LGBTQ people A Gay/Straight Alliance at your high school, if applible.

GAY PREJUDICE? IT'S NOT EASY ADMTG YOU'RE … A SCIENTIST

Army service World War I, Gerber was spired to create his anizatn by the Scientific-Humanarian Commtee, a “homosexual emancipatn” group ’s small group published a few issu of s newsletter “Friendship and Freedom, ” the untry’s first gay-tert newsletter. Ernment signated Gerber’s Chigo hoe a Natnal Historic Pk TriangleCorbis/Getty ImagHomosexual prisoners at the ncentratn mp at Sachsenhsen, Germany, wearg pk triangl on their uniforms on December 19, gay rights movement stagnated for the next few s, though LGBT dividuals around the world did e to the spotlight a few example, English poet and thor Radclyffe Hall stirred up ntroversy 1928 when she published her lbian-themed novel, The Well of Lonels. Addnally, 1948, his book Sexual Behavr the Human Male, Aled Ksey proposed that male sexual orientatn li on a ntuum between exclively homosexual to exclively Homophile Years In 1950, Harry Hay found the Mattache Foundatn, one of the natn’s first gay rights group.

”Though started off small, the foundatn, which sought to improve the liv of gay men through discsn groups and related activi, expand after foundg member Dale Jenngs was arrted 1952 for solicatn and then later set ee due to a adlocked the end of the year, Jenngs formed another anizatn lled One, Inc., which weled women and published ONE, the untry’s first pro-gay magaze.

Post Office, which 1954 clared the magaze “obscene” and refed to liver Mattache Society Mattache Foundatn members rtctured the anizatn to form the Mattache Society, which had lol chapters other parts of the untry and 1955 began publishg the untry’s send gay publitn, The Mattache Review. That same year, four lbian upl San Francis found an anizatn lled the Dghters of Bilis, which soon began publishg a newsletter lled The Ladr, the first lbian publitn of any early years of the movement also faced some notable setbacks: the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn listed homosexualy as a form of mental disorr followg year, Print Dwight D.

WHY GAYCISM SHOULD REPLACE HOMOPHOBIA

”In fear of beg shut down by thori, bartenrs would ny drks to patrons spected of beg gay or kick them out altogether; others would serve them drks but force them to s facg away om other ctomers to prevent them om 1966, members of the Mattache Society New York Cy staged a “sip-”—a twist on the “s-” protts of the 1960s— which they vised taverns, clared themselv gay, and waed to be turned away so they uld sue. They were nied service at the Greenwich Village tavern Juli, rultg much publicy and the quick reversal of the anti-gay liquor Stonewall Inn A few years later, 1969, a now-famo event talyzed the gay rights movement: The Stonewall clanste gay club Stonewall Inn was an stutn Greenwich Village bee was large, cheap, allowed dancg and weled drag queens and homels the early hours of June 28, 1969, New York Cy police raid the Stonewall Inn.

ANTI-GAY PREJUDICE AND ALL-CSE MORTALY AMONG HETEROSEXUALS THE UNED STAT

1 / 12: NY Daily News Archive/Getty ImagChristopher Street Liberatn Day Shortly after the Stonewall uprisg, members of the Mattache Society spl off to form the Gay Liberatn Front, a radil group that lnched public monstratns, protts and nontatns wh polil officials. Addnally, several openly LGBTQ dividuals secured public office posns: Kathy Kozachenko won a seat to the Ann Harbor, Michigan, Cy Council 1974, beg the first out Amerin to be elected to public Milk, who mpaigned on a pro-gay rights platform, beme the San Francis cy supervisor 1978, beg the first openly gay man elected to a polil office asked Gilbert Baker, an artist and gay rights activist, to create an emblem that reprents the movement and would be seen as a symbol of pri. In 1981, the Centers for Disease Control and Preventn published a report about five prevly healthy homosexual men beg fected wh a rare type of 1984, rearchers had intified the e of AIDS—the human immunoficiency vis, or HIV—and the Food and Dg Admistratn licensed the first mercial blood tt for HIV 1985.

But after failg to garner enough support for such an open policy, Print Clton 1993 passed the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT) policy, which allowed gay men and women to serve the ary as long as they kept their sexualy a rights advot cried the Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell policy, as did ltle to stop people om beg discharged on the grounds of their 2011, Print Obama fulfilled a mpaign promise to repeal DADT; by that time, more than 12, 000 officers had been discharged om the ary unr DADT for refg to hi their sexualy. Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell was officially repealed on September 20, Marriage and Beyond In 1992, the District of Columbia passed a law that allowed gay and lbian upl to register as domtic partners, grantg them some of the rights of marriage (the cy of San Francis passed a siar ordance three years prr and California would later extend those rights to the entire state 1999) 1993, the hight urt  Hawaii led that a ban on gay marriage may go agast the state’s nstutn.

SPOTIFY’S ‘GAY PRI & PREJUDICE’ MARRI A BELOVED CLASSIC WH QUEER STORI AND SCRIPTED FICTN PODSTS

In 1994, a new anti-hate-crime law allowed judg to impose harsher sentenc if a crime was motivated by a victim’s sexual Matthew Shepard ActCourty of the Matthew Shepard FoundatnMatthew Shepard, who was btally killed a hate crime 2003, gay rights proponents had another b of happy news: the U.

Gay rights proponents mt also ntent wh an creasg number of “relig liberty” state laws, which allow bs to ny service to LGBTQ dividuals due to relig beliefs, as well as “bathroom laws” that prevent transgenr dividuals om g public bathrooms that don’t rrpond to their sex at birth. As dtrializatn brought migratn om ral to urban areas, the greater nsy of people ci permted same-sex attracted dividuals to anize (ially unr the cloak of anonymy), which ultimately led to greater visibily and the scientific study of homosexualy. For every highly publicized act of vlence toward sexual mori, such as the recent mass shootg at a gay nightclub Orlando, there are many more physil and verbal asslts, attempted asslts, acts of property damage or timidatns which are never reported to thori, let alone publicized by the media.

AdvertisementSKIP Wilson/The New York TimJune 19, 2019Begng before Stonewall and ntug the 50 years sce, lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr people have regularly turned to the urts for protectn agast mistreatment or to overturn laws that targeted them.

LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR, AND QUEER MUNY

Hardwick – Uned Stat Supreme CourtAs the AIDS crisis h and anti-gay hysteria took over public pictns of gay men’s liv, the Supreme Court led that Geia’s crimal sodomy law was nstutnal — clarg that such laws “have ancient roots” and settg forth a pivotal rejectn of gay rights that took nearly 20 years to overturn.

Dale – Uned Stat Supreme CourtThe Supreme Court led that New Jersey uld not enforce s nondiscrimatn laws to force the Boy Suts to allow gay sutmasters the state — reversg a lower-urt cisn that had led favor of allowg Jam Dale to serve as an assistant end of sodomy Schlegel/The Dallas Morng News, via Associated Prs2003: Lawrence v. Brien – Iowa Supreme CourtThe Iowa Supreme Court ma history when issued the first unanimo cisn affirmg the right of same-sex upl to marry — a cisn that also led to Iowa beg the first state the Midwt where same-sex upl uld Raedle/Getty Imag2010: In re Gill – Florida Third District Court of AppealFor s, Florida law tegorilly barred gay people om adoptg children.

Furthermore, while sexual mory dividuals tend to fare more poorly than their heterosexual unterparts on almost every oute measure asssed, homonegative prejudice predicted poorer out among all rponnts regardls of their sexual orientatn or relig intifitn. Image source, RtersImage ptn, Protters broke through a police rdon to stop the Pri eventUp to 2, 000 anti-LGBT protters stormed a gay pri ftival Geia's pal Tbilisi on Saturday, forcg s right-wg protters, who clud Orthodox Christian clergy, scuffled wh police, shed the stage and burned rabow anisers and Geia's print blamed anti-LGBT hate speech that preced the event, and said the police had failed to protect ftival-goers. Much to our surprise, the genr difference we observed 1996 showed ltle evince of change: we found that men’s attus were still more negative than women’s and this genr difference was still much larger when attus toward gay men, rather than lbians, were asssed.

'GAY PRI & PREJUDICE' TRAILER: JSE TYLER FERGON PREVIEWS NEW JANE ATEN ADAPTATN (EXCLIVE)

I was one of few soldiers who joed the service before graduatg high school, but the admistratn at the time, which I believe was homophobic, chose to act as if I never existed bee of my queer hate that I experienced growg up on Long Island was my first enunter wh how others would treat me as a queer soldier.

GAY PRI & PREJUDICE CREATORS ON UPDATG JANE ATEN FOR THE PODST AGE

Yet as I look back over my 30-odd years as a scientist I really n't see any pot at which beg obvly gay has any way limed my choic or urse, I may have been particularly lucky, or sufficiently stroppy, that beg gay has been such a small issue my scientific reer, and lleagu have always been welg to me and my partner. Mike Huckabee—one of many petg poster children for the mastream Christian right’s chummier, fay-valu brand of bigotry—told Jon Stewart 2008 that “If a person do not necsarily support the ia of changg the fn of marriage, that do not mean that they’re a homophobe.

” Some of the lbian, gay or bisexual people of this movement clud wrers and poets such as Langston Hugh, Countee Cullen and Zora Neale Hurston; Profsor Ala Locke; mic cric and photographer Carl Van Vechten, and entertaers Ma Raey, Bsie Smh, Ethel Waters and Gladys Bentley. 1945 – German Homosexual men, signated by a pk triangle on their clothg, were the last group to be released om the Nazi ncentratn mps after liberatn by the Allied forc bee Paragraph 175 of the German Crimal Co stated that homosexual relatns between mal to be illegal. The APA found that “the latt and bt scientific evince shows that sexual orientatn and exprsns of genr inty occur naturally…and that short, there is no scientific evince that sexual orientatn, be heterosexual, homosexual or otherwise, is a eewill choice.

FAH & RELIGN: HOW TO UNTER ANTI-GAY RELIG ARGUMENTS

Rearch on chronic strs exposure and health6–8 suggts that, if the strs rpons are ntually activated, prejudiced dividuals may ultimately be at elevated risk for long-term disease out, as well as evaluated whether heterosexuals who harbor antigay prejudice are at elevated risk for mortaly. In our mols, rponnts who had died by 2008 were d 1 and those who survived the study perd were d NDI also provid Internatnal Classifitn of Diseas, Nth Revisn (ICD-9)15 and ICD-1016 s, which permted the examatn of whether specific of ath differed between rponnts who reported high vers low levels of antigay prejudice.

For those who were still alive 2008, we subtracted year of terview om 2008, which reprents the number of years between the time a rponnt was terviewed and the fal year of the primary analysis examed associatns between antigay prejudice and mortaly risk among heterosexuals, ntrollg for multiple potential nfounrs. The third analysis examed specific of ath to provi prelimary rmatn on potential mechanisms lkg antigay prejudice to mortaly; for reasons of statistil power, we examed the 2 most equent of ath the sample (rdvascular disease and ncer, rpectively).

When we analyzed the imputed data sets separately, there were no statistil differenc between the timat of the means and standard errors of the variat, which enabled to predict the missg valu for the antigay prejudice qutns for rponnts years which the qutns were asked but they were not given the opportuny to rpond.

DISCUSSIONUsg recently released data om a natnally reprentative study lkg the GSS to the NDI, we found evince that antigay prejudice is associated wh elevated mortaly risk among heterosexuals, over and above multiple tablished risk factors for mortaly.

It is therefore possible that our rults are nservative timat of the relatnship between antigay prejudice and current study provis some of the strongt evince to date that antigay prejudice may be an important ditor of heightened mortaly risk among majory group members. lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer muny (LGBTQ muny), also lled LGBTQ+ muny, any untry, regn, cy, or other loly, a group of persons who intify as lbian, gay ( the narrow sense of beg a male who is sexually or romantilly attracted to other mal), bisexual, transgenr, or queer and who feel some gree of empathy and solidary wh each other based on their shared experience of prejudice, discrimatn, and disrpect or their awarens of the historil and ntemporary opprsn of lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer (LGBTQ) persons.