Physil, Behavral, and Psychologil Tras of Gay Men Intifyg as Bears - PMC

Contents:

• WHAT DO IT MEAN TO BE GAY? DEFN AND MEANG OF GAY
• HOW DO I KNOW IF I AM GAY? SIGNS YOU ARE GAY
• ABOUT THE CENTERSCE 1983 THE CENTER HAS BEEN SUPPORTG, FOSTERG AND CELEBRATG THE LGBT MUNY OF NEW YORK CY. FD MORE RMATN ON AND OUR WORK ABOUT THE CENTER. VIS ABOUT THE CENTEROUR MISSNCYBER CENTERCENTER HISTORYRACE EQUYMEDIA CENTERLEARSHIP & STAFFEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNICORPORATE PARTNERSHIPSANNUAL REPORTS & FANCIAL INFORMATNCONTACT USHOURS & LOTNSEMAPSUPPORT THE CENTER
• HOW TO KNOW IF YOU ARE GAY
• AM I GAY?
• ROW OVER AI THAT 'INTIFI GAY FAC'
• PHYSIL, BEHAVRAL, AND PSYCHOLOGIL TRAS OF GAY MEN INTIFYG AS BEARS
• HOW TO SUPPORT, EMPATHIZE WH, AND AFFIRM LGBTQ+ PEOPLE
• QUIZ: WHAT TYPE OF GAY AM I?
• HOW TO TELL IF YOUR GUY FRIEND IS GAY
• AUTHOR WHO ONCE EMBRACED HOMOSEXUALY EXPLAS WHY HE NO LONGER CALLS HIMSELF 'GAY' (INTERVIEW)
• AT WHAT AGE DO KIDS INTIFY AS GAY?
• THE PK TRIANGLE: FROM NAZI LABEL TO SYMBOL OF GAY PRI
• GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
• LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR, AND QUEER MUNY
• UNRSTANDG GAY & LBIAN INTI
• LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR HEALTH

WHAT DO IT MEAN TO BE GAY? DEFN AND MEANG OF GAY

Hodg, which legalized marriage between people of the same reversg that cisn would not be easy, and the landspe of the issue has shifted sharply the last show there have been dramatic creas support of gay marriage and how many Amerins self-intify as LGBTQ. In some sense, “self-intifyg” as lbian, gay, bisexual or transsexual, even a survey, is an act of feelg fortable sharg that rmatn wh the broar public — and for some rponnts, that may have bee easier as same-sex marriage beme a more accepted part of the culture.

HOW DO I KNOW IF I AM GAY? SIGNS YOU ARE GAY

The way homophobia exhibs today looks far ls like an irratnal fear – as most phobias are – and more like a “ratnal disapproval of s effects on society”, as stated a piece by The Atlantic on how the md ratnaliz homophobia.

This type of homophobia n be scribed as “liberal homophobia” and n manift the followg ways: hopg that homosexuals try to supprs their sexualy, wantg gay people to keep their relatnships private, and sistg that gay people should nform to societal “norms”. As stated the paper published by Wright, Adams, and Bernat, the tt nsists of three factors: “a factor that asss maly negative gnns regardg homosexualy, a factor that asss primarily negative affect and avoidance of homosexual dividuals, and a factor that asss negative affect and aggrsn toward homosexual dividuals.

Acrdg to PBS’ Frontle, which reproduced the sle on s webse as part of the “rourc” sectn for s piece on “The Asslt on Gay Ameri”, the Wright, Adams, and Bernat Homophobia Sle is “not a perfect measure of anti-gay feelgs or ias, and is not a predictor of potential for anti-gay vlence. Image source, Stanford UniversyImage ptn, The study created pose fac judged most and least likely to belong to homosexualsA facial regnn experiment that claims to be able to distguish between gay and heterosexual people has sparked a row between s creators and two leadg LGBT rights Stanford Universy study claims s software regnis facial featur relatg to sexual orientatn that are not perceived by human work has been acced of beg "dangero" and "junk science" the scientists volved say the are "knee-jerk" reactns.

ABOUT THE CENTERSCE 1983 THE CENTER HAS BEEN SUPPORTG, FOSTERG AND CELEBRATG THE LGBT MUNY OF NEW YORK CY. FD MORE RMATN ON AND OUR WORK ABOUT THE CENTER. VIS ABOUT THE CENTEROUR MISSNCYBER CENTERCENTER HISTORYRACE EQUYMEDIA CENTERLEARSHIP & STAFFEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNICORPORATE PARTNERSHIPSANNUAL REPORTS & FANCIAL INFORMATNCONTACT USHOURS & LOTNSEMAPSUPPORT THE CENTER

Details of the peer-reviewed project are due to be published the Journal of Personaly and Social jawsFor their study, the rearchers traed an algorhm g the photos of more than 14, 000 whe Amerins taken om a datg ed between one and five of each person's pictur and took people's sexualy as self-reported on the datg rearchers said the rultg software appeared to be able to distguish between gay and heterosexual men and women. "But their software did not perform as well other suatns, cludg a tt which was given photos of 70 gay men and 930 heterosexual asked to pick 100 men "most likely to be gay" missed 23 of s summary of the study, the Enomist - which was first to report the rearch - poted to several "limatns" cludg a ncentratn on whe Amerins and the e of datg se pictur, which were "likely to be particularly revealg of sexual orientatn".

HOW TO KNOW IF YOU ARE GAY

"This rearch isn't science or news, but 's a scriptn of bety standards on datg s that ignor huge segments of the LGBTQ (lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr and queer/qutng) muny, cludg people of lour, transgenr people, olr dividuals, and other LGBTQ people who don't want to post photos on datg s, " said Jim Halloran, chief digal officer of Glaad, a media-monorg body. "The 'subtle' differenc uld be a nsequence of gay and straight people choosg to portray themselv systematilly different ways, rather than differenc facial appearance self, " said Prof Benedict Jon, who ns the Face Rearch Lab at the Universy of was also important, he said, for the technil tails of the analysis algorhm to be published to see if they stood up to rmed cricism.

AM I GAY?

"Th, " the thors wrote, "by g photos of gay and straight dividuals that they themselv did not post, we were able to remove the fluence of self-prentatn and much of the potential selectn bias that may be prent photos om personal advertisements. And even wh the more strgent ntrols, the participants were able to intify the gay fac at levels greater than chance—aga even on those trials where the fac were flickered on the screen for a mere 50 lisends.

For example, when shown only the eye regn ("whout brows and cropped to the outer nthi so that not even "crow's-feet" were visible"), perceivers were amazgly still able to accurately intify a man as beg gay. "A man, ually homosexual, wh a distctly effete facial stcture wh some very specific featur; a strong jawle [sic] that lacks promence, space between the ey that rell people wh down syndrome [sic], and a slopg, long forehead. Keywords: Bears, Gay Culture, Gay and Bisexual Men, Self-teem, Masculy, ObyINTRODUCTIONThe gay muny is ultimately a heterogeneo one wh many subgroups and subcultur—one of the monali among them beg the sire to have same-sex enunters.

ROW OVER AI THAT 'INTIFI GAY FAC'

Bee there is a arth of general rearch regardg this muny, and no studi to date that e quantative methods, we cid to explore this muny quantatively—g an Inter-nvenience sample, followed by a purposive suggted, the Bear culture exhibs and valu a greater sense of domant (but not necsarily domeerg) “thentic masculy” parison to other subcultur wh the gay muny (e.

In rponse and ntrast wh Leathermen, Bears mata their mascule inty whout adoptg negative hypermascule tennci to acmodate all partners, spe their size or body is some theoretil support for why the Bear inty spltered om the gay male mastream culture. Popular culture, the media, and Wtern hetero- and homosexual expectatns have normalized the ial male body as one that is lean, mcular, and v-shaped (wh broad shoulrs, a narrow waist, and a flat but well-fed stomach) (Olivardia, Pope, Borowiecki, & Cohane, 2000).

PHYSIL, BEHAVRAL, AND PSYCHOLOGIL TRAS OF GAY MEN INTIFYG AS BEARS

G., poor self-image/self-teem) velop both heterosexual and homosexual men exhibg ls sirable physil tras (Beren, Hayn, Wilfley, & Grilo, 1996; Morrison, Morrison, & Sager, 2004; Pepl et al., 2009; Weer, 2009; Yelland & Tiggemann, 2003).

Whereas mastream gay men often do not engage sired or preferred sexual behavrs bee of fears of rejectn or judgment (Kamski, Chapman, Hayn, & Own, 2004), those the more acceptg Bear muny reject the fears due to their beg ultimately “feme” nature (Hennen, 2005). G., uratn, fistg, voyrism, exhibnism) (Grov, Parsons, & Bimbi, 2010) to the active existence of the Bear muny and regnn of this subculture by the larger gay/bisexual male culture, more rearch is need to explore the gree to which the prevly mentned physil, behavral, and psychologil differenc actually exist.

HOW TO SUPPORT, EMPATHIZE WH, AND AFFIRM LGBTQ+ PEOPLE

Consirg the likely prevalence of a Bear inty may be held (wh varyg tenaci) by about 14–22% of gay men, the rults provi addnal evince for the manift and latent heterogeney of gay and bisexual rults regardg body tras and partner selectn nfirm, for the first time a systematic manner, fdgs documented prev terview and ethnographic studi.

To be able to take a fist or urate on another man may be how the men exemplify their form of masculy—particularly a sexual climate where most gay men do not want to, nnot, or will not enact the behavrs.

Regardls of the potential explanatn, Bears appear to be more sexually diverse and explorative than mastream gay and bisexual rults documented lower self-teem, which ntradicted both our hypothis and others’ terview rearch (e.

QUIZ: WHAT TYPE OF GAY AM I?

In this rpect, Bears may overtimate and overstate re towards partners to self-prent as beg distct om men adherg to the mastream gay culture (which are often stereotyped as treatg partners as disposable) (Isay, 2009). Whether the ems are applible to gay men, bisexuals, or men qutng their sexualy remas rpect to methods, the parabily of sampl may be somewhat uncerta, as one was llected through ter surveyg and the other, through paper survey.

A study that answers the rearch qutns would provi further evince to support the heterogeney hypothis: Not only is the mastream gay muny culturally heterogeneo, but so are the sexual health behavrs and problems wh last suggtn for future rearch would be to tt some of the theori generated by the current data.

“So what, do we thk more kids jt started poppg out of the womb gay sometime around 2003, or are we gog to adm that what we’re dog wh our culture has led to more kids tryg gay stuff — that this is a social ntagn?

HOW TO TELL IF YOUR GUY FRIEND IS GAY

The young adults are g of age, cludg g to terms wh their sexualy or genr inty, at a time when Amerins creasgly accept gays, lbians and transgenr people, and LGBT dividuals enjoy creasg legal protectn agast discrimatn. In a now-leted tweet that was screenshotted by celebry gossip and news se The Jasme Brand and posted to Instagram, the 45-year-old crooner, who is bt known for his early '90s classics like "Can We Talk" and "I'm Ready, " reportedly nfirmed that he is gay to a fan.

"My mom keeps tellg me Luther Vandross, Teddy Penrgrass, and Tev Campbell were gay, " the fan's tweet read, to which Campbell simply quote-tweeted and said, "Tev is, " acpanied by the rabow flag and sunglass emojis. Then Augt, durg an terview wh People Magaze's Every Day podst, the R&B star remisced about his s-long reer the mic/entertament dtry so far, while also givg listeners a rare glimpse to his personal life and nfirmg that he do intify as a gay man. The popular and credibly private vio game streamer, who is most known for playg Mecraft and for streamg on Twch, me out an April Twter Q&A wh his followers when he was asked by a fan what his favore moment the gay, romantic, teen Netflix seri Heartstopper was.

""For those nfed basilly I gus I am technilly unlabeled as the way I have kda always gone around life jt beg attracted to whoever I am attracted to jt so happens that most of them le up wh a 'certa type' you uld say, " he later clarified, sayg that he is "okay wh the gay label. Though the pop sger has been open about her sexualy for years ( 2019 she told Attu that she was bisexual and an open relatnship), she took to Instagram June to celebrate Pri Month and to talk even further about her sexualy, remdg everyone that she is, fact, a queer in who is "not gay and not straight.

AUTHOR WHO ONCE EMBRACED HOMOSEXUALY EXPLAS WHY HE NO LONGER CALLS HIMSELF 'GAY' (INTERVIEW)

The 25-year-old athlete and former Richmond Flyg Squirrels player revealed to his fans and followers that while he is no longer playg for the team, which is part of the San Francis Giants system, he is thankful for the time he had and isn't givg up on his love of baseball, pecially as an out, gay man.

| (Photo: Courty of Carmel Communitns)Edor's note: Warng, this article clus graphic scriptns some rears might fd ll onelf "gay" is to shortchange sexual realy, says lay mister Daniel Mattson, who ed to intify as homosexual but now leads a chaste life spe havg same-sex a ndid new book tled, Why I Don't Call Myself Gay: How I Reclaimed My Sexual Realy and Found Peace, Mattson tails his story of growg up havg same-sex attractns the nservative Midwt and how he me to embrace homosexualy. He was all but nvced he was gay upon visg a strip club an attempt to stir up some sexual aroal for a woman and end up talkg about garng wh one of the he fally cid to go ahead and have sex wh a man, he exprsed his rage toward relign as he head to Flt, Michigan, for the hookup he had arranged, which is scribed the documentary Dire of the Everlastg Hills.

Adalbert his hometown of Grand Rapids, he flicked off the church, shoutg "f--- you, God" later traveled to Chigo where he embraced homosexualy wh the rolve to fd a man wh whom he uld share the rt of his life. Ratzger's 1986 letter to the bishops "On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons" explas that the Church do not view human begs terms of their sexual orientatn but stead as beloved children of God who are male and female. Intertgly, the Catholic Church's opn mirrored that of many openly homosexual ins jt a few s Gore Vidal rejected the ia that there was such a thg as a "homosexual" person, sayg was an adjective scribg a sexual act.

AT WHAT AGE DO KIDS INTIFY AS GAY?

Ain-Amerin novelist Jam Baldw who had romantic and sexual relatnships wh men likewise exprsed his disfort wh the word gay, sayg bothered the book, Mattson trac how the velopment of homosexual inty tegori were nstcted over time and how through strategic activism the public perceptn was shifted to regard sexualy primarily as an inty marker and not a sexual act.

As part of their missn to racially and culturally “purify” Germany, the Nazis arrted thoands of LGBT dividuals, mostly gay men, whom they viewed as Uned Stat Holot Memorial Mm timat 100, 000 gay men were arrted and between 5, 000 and 15, 000 were placed ncentratn mps.

)Corbis/Getty ImagHomosexual prisoners at the ncentratn mp at Sachsenhsen, Germany, wearg pk triangl on their uniforms on December 19, the mps, gay men were treated pecially harshly, by guards and fellow prisoners alike. “There was no solidary for the homosexual prisoners; they belonged to the lowt ste, ” Pierre Seel, a gay Holot survivor, wrote his memoir I, Pierre Seel, Deported Homosexual: A Memoir of Nazi timated 65 percent of gay men ncentratn mps died between 1933 and 1945.

THE PK TRIANGLE: FROM NAZI LABEL TO SYMBOL OF GAY PRI

Horac Villalobos/Corbis/Getty ImagMemorial plaqu for homosexuals, Jehovah's Wns and Wehrmacht serters are placed where once stood one of the molished barracks Buchenwald ncentratn mp near Weimar, Germany. In 1986, six New York Cy activists created a poster wh the words SILENCE = DEATH and a bright pk upward-facg triangle, meant to ll attentn to the AIDs crisis that was cimatg populatns of gay men across the untry. Fally, 1936 SS lear and Chief of the German Police Herich Himmler tablished the Reich Central Office for the Combatg of Homosexualy and Abortn (Reichszentrale zur Bekämpfung r Homosexualät und r Abtreibung).

GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME

lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer muny (LGBTQ muny), also lled LGBTQ+ muny, any untry, regn, cy, or other loly, a group of persons who intify as lbian, gay ( the narrow sense of beg a male who is sexually or romantilly attracted to other mal), bisexual, transgenr, or queer and who feel some gree of empathy and solidary wh each other based on their shared experience of prejudice, discrimatn, and disrpect or their awarens of the historil and ntemporary opprsn of lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer (LGBTQ) persons. Dpe the persistence of stereotyp that portray lbian, gay, and bisexual people as disturbed, several s of rearch and clil experience have led all mastream medil and mental health anizatns this untry to nclu that the orientatns reprent normal forms of human experience. Helpful rpons of a therapist treatg an dividual who is troubled about her or his same sex attractns clu helpg that person actively pe wh social prejudic agast homosexualy, succsfully rolve issu associated wh and rultg om ternal nflicts, and actively lead a happy and satisfyg life.

LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENR, AND QUEER MUNY

The phrase “g out” is ed to refer to several aspects of lbian, gay, and bisexual persons’ experienc: self-awarens of same-sex attractns; the tellg of one or a few people about the attractns; wispread disclosure of same-sex attractns; and intifitn wh the lbian, gay, and bisexual muny. Th, is not surprisg that lbians and gay men who feel they mt nceal their sexual orientatn report more equent mental health ncerns than do lbians and gay men who are more open; they may even have more physil health problems.

Lbian, gay, and bisexual youth who do well spe strs—like all adolcents who do well spe strs—tend to be those who are socially petent, who have good problem-solvg skills, who have a sense of tonomy and purpose, and who look forward to the future. If they are a heterosexual relatnship, their experienc may be que siar to those of people who intify as heterosexual unls they choose to e out as bisexual; that se, they will likely face some of the same prejudice and discrimatn that lbian and gay dividuals enunter. When lbians, gay men, and bisexual people feel ee to make public their sexual orientatn, heterosexuals are given an opportuny to have personal ntact wh openly gay people and to perceive them as dividuals.

Although n sometim seem like one type of gay person is shown over and over aga the media or on TV, gay people aren’t tomatilly effemate, and lbian women aren’t tomatilly mascule – fact, those stereotyp leave out a lot of other personali and characteristics.

UNRSTANDG GAY & LBIAN INTI

Craig told reporters today that he did nothg appropriate and said his guilty plea was a plac like men's rtrooms, airports and tra statns, tck stops, universy librari and parks, have long been plac where gay and bisexual men, particularly those the closet, ngregate orr to meet for anonymo time, people faiar wh cisg told, gay men began g a dified system of signals to dite to others that they were terted sex. If a se like this went to trial, police officers would have to produce evince to say here is how we n say wh certaty this is was really a lewd act, " he plead guilty to the charg and therefore opted agast a, Craig nied beg gay and said he ma a mistake by pleadg officers, for the most part, only vtigate an area after members of the public have plaed about beg ed for sex, said Rich Gregson, executive director of the California Peace Officers Associatn.

LBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENR HEALTH

"Wh many other optns available for gay men to meet each other, Gershen Kfman, a profsor emer of psychology at Michigan State Universy and thor of the book "Comg Out of Shame, " said public cisg is practiced maly by eply closeted men.

Bee most LGBTQ people are raised the same society as heterosexuals, they learn the same beliefs and stereotyp prevalent the domant society, leadg to a phenomenon known as ternalized homophobia, whereas LGBTQ-intified dividuals feel shame, guilt or hatred towards the part of themselv intified as LGBTQ. However, ’s important to note that not all lbians are female-intified; some fe their inty as more nonmale or femme than female or people who are lbians may also refer to themselv as gay or queer, while others prefer the term lbian. Monosexualy typilly clus those who are exclively heterosexual, gay, or asexualReferrg to an inty on the asexualy spectm, a non-libidoist asexual is someone who don’t experience any sexual feelgs or has an active sex drive.